Graphic science is the subject which teaches geometry and graphics, and is taught in early undergraduate curricula at many Japanese universities as a liberal arts subject or as a basic subject for design and drawing. ...Graphic science is the subject which teaches geometry and graphics, and is taught in early undergraduate curricula at many Japanese universities as a liberal arts subject or as a basic subject for design and drawing. In traditional graphic science courses, de-scriptive geometry based on hand drawings was taught. However, in recent years, there continues to be a rapid spread in the use of 3D-CAD in the field of engineering design and drawing, and there is also increasing use of CG in many fields such as for visualiza-tion of computer simulation results in science, and for image display in the movie and game entertainment fields. So there is a need for graphic presentation education including the competence in the use of 3D-CAD/CG, or ＂graphics literacy （or visual literacy） education＂ for a wide range of students. In order to realize graphics literacy education, from 2007, a new graphic science curriculum has been started at the College of Arts and Sciences of the University of Tokyo. The main part of the curriculum consists of Graphic Science I and Graphic Science II. With Graphic Science I, as before, traditional descriptive geometry is taught with hand drawing as the base. With Graphic Science II, commercial graphic processing software can be experienced. In this course, by introducing geo- metric problems as examples and assignments, it is designed to mutually complement with descriptive geometry education （Graphic Science I）. With the spread of 3D-CAD/CG, some people say that there is no longer any need for descriptive geometry, but for the following reasons, it has been decided to teach descriptive geometry. 1） Traditional descriptive geometry is an excellent method in teaching and learning geometry of projection and of three-dimensional objects, and concepts and/or procedures in descriptive geome-try can be applied in solving geometric design problems by the use of 3D-CAD/CG. 2） Even in this age of 3D-CAD/CG, hand draw-ing is still being used （especially for free-hand sketches）. 3） Hand drawing is an effective method of developing spatial ability of students. However, with the spread of 3D-CAD/CG, the descriptive geometry techniques in analyzing shapes and forms of three-dimensional objects are now loosing their earlier practical importance. So emphasis is not being placed on the education of practical techniques, but is being placed on teaching the theory behind the techniques, i.e., geometry of projection and of three-dimensional objects. This paper reports specific examples of classes in order to describe the importance of descriptive geometry education, and the need to switch from education focused on techniques to education on the theory behind the techniques.展开更多
Computer-aided Design （CAD）, video games and other computer graphic related technology evolves substantial processing to geometric elements. A novel geometric computing method is proposed with the integration of des...Computer-aided Design （CAD）, video games and other computer graphic related technology evolves substantial processing to geometric elements. A novel geometric computing method is proposed with the integration of descriptive geometry, math and computer algorithm. Firstly, geometric elements in general position are transformed to a special position in new coordinate system. Then a 3D problem is projected to new coordinate planes. Finally, according to 2D/3D correspondence principle in descriptive geometry, the solution is constructed computerized drawing process with ruler and compasses. In order to make this method a regular operation, a two-level pattern is established. Basic Layer is a set algebraic packaged function including about ten Primary Geometric Functions （PGF） and one projection transformation. In Application Layer, a proper coordinate is established and a sequence of PGFs is sought for to get the final results. Examples illustrate the advantages of our method on dimension reduction, regulatory and visual computing and robustness.展开更多
Descriptive geometry is very important and recognized as a basic skill and knowledge for mechanical engineering student. In this study, PC-based electronic teaching/learning materials for descriptive geometry are crea...Descriptive geometry is very important and recognized as a basic skill and knowledge for mechanical engineering student. In this study, PC-based electronic teaching/learning materials for descriptive geometry are created using Flash, which is a typical animation creator. Furthermore, several axonometric representations, created by 3D-CAD, SolidWorks, for 3D objects are auxiliary materials to promote understanding of descriptive geometry. The axonometric representations in 3D-CAD are also dynamic, in other words, a viewpoint can be moved free. The movement of 3D model in a PC monitor can be recorded using a normal function of SolidWorks and replayed by typical animation software. The developed materials are excellent at accuracy of drawing, repeatability of self-study and visual attraction in comparison to oral presentation using still image and inaccurate drawing on a textbook or blackboard in a classroom. Actually, questionnaire survey results present favorable impressions from student-users, although they point out the further improvement in the replaying speed. The replaying speed can be controlled easily by using a normal function of Flash. In addition, usual playback software for animation has functions of pause and replay on demand and, thus, it is not contro-versial.展开更多
In this paper the importance of eometry?and raphics?for the advancement of science and knowledge in 19th century is pointed out. Klein and Müller reform of geometry syllabus in 19th century and the education situ...In this paper the importance of eometry?and raphics?for the advancement of science and knowledge in 19th century is pointed out. Klein and Müller reform of geometry syllabus in 19th century and the education situation of Geometry and Graphics in Europe during the last third of 20th century are introduced. The problems of geometry and graphics education during the next decedes and six proposals are presented.展开更多
The basic way and method to apply the equipment s CAD data to a geometry description system(GDS) are presented,and its interface to GDS is set up.The basic function,flow and implementation technique of the interface a...The basic way and method to apply the equipment s CAD data to a geometry description system(GDS) are presented,and its interface to GDS is set up.The basic function,flow and implementation technique of the interface are analyzed.Special computer software is programmed,and an application example is given also.The research results indicate that this interface can assist to derive desired data from the CAD data,and provide powerful technical support for the development of a practical data transferring interface.展开更多
Internet has gradually demonstrated more and more superiority in modern education system. The intelligent online drawing platform based on net will provide learners with a studying environment without limitation in ...Internet has gradually demonstrated more and more superiority in modern education system. The intelligent online drawing platform based on net will provide learners with a studying environment without limitation in time and space. Based on the theory of graphics, this paper developed an intelligent online drawing platform (IODP) with Java through analyzing the teaching character of descriptive geometry. IODP developed not only has a flexible drawing environment with the function of mutual drawing, but also is able to judge the drawing made by students and give feedback at the same time. This platform gives an effective way for Internet education on engineering graphics.展开更多
In this paper, the basic methods are introduced to calculate the fractaldimensions of the shearing surface of some tools. The fractal dimension of the shearing surface ofexperimental sampling is obtained and the fract...In this paper, the basic methods are introduced to calculate the fractaldimensions of the shearing surface of some tools. The fractal dimension of the shearing surface ofexperimental sampling is obtained and the fractal characteristics are also discussed. We can applythe fractal method to identify types of tools used by burglars and to do the job of individualrecognition. New theories and methods are provided to measure and process the shearing surfaceprofile of tools.展开更多
文摘Graphic science is the subject which teaches geometry and graphics, and is taught in early undergraduate curricula at many Japanese universities as a liberal arts subject or as a basic subject for design and drawing. In traditional graphic science courses, de-scriptive geometry based on hand drawings was taught. However, in recent years, there continues to be a rapid spread in the use of 3D-CAD in the field of engineering design and drawing, and there is also increasing use of CG in many fields such as for visualiza-tion of computer simulation results in science, and for image display in the movie and game entertainment fields. So there is a need for graphic presentation education including the competence in the use of 3D-CAD/CG, or ＂graphics literacy （or visual literacy） education＂ for a wide range of students. In order to realize graphics literacy education, from 2007, a new graphic science curriculum has been started at the College of Arts and Sciences of the University of Tokyo. The main part of the curriculum consists of Graphic Science I and Graphic Science II. With Graphic Science I, as before, traditional descriptive geometry is taught with hand drawing as the base. With Graphic Science II, commercial graphic processing software can be experienced. In this course, by introducing geo- metric problems as examples and assignments, it is designed to mutually complement with descriptive geometry education （Graphic Science I）. With the spread of 3D-CAD/CG, some people say that there is no longer any need for descriptive geometry, but for the following reasons, it has been decided to teach descriptive geometry. 1） Traditional descriptive geometry is an excellent method in teaching and learning geometry of projection and of three-dimensional objects, and concepts and/or procedures in descriptive geome-try can be applied in solving geometric design problems by the use of 3D-CAD/CG. 2） Even in this age of 3D-CAD/CG, hand draw-ing is still being used （especially for free-hand sketches）. 3） Hand drawing is an effective method of developing spatial ability of students. However, with the spread of 3D-CAD/CG, the descriptive geometry techniques in analyzing shapes and forms of three-dimensional objects are now loosing their earlier practical importance. So emphasis is not being placed on the education of practical techniques, but is being placed on teaching the theory behind the techniques, i.e., geometry of projection and of three-dimensional objects. This paper reports specific examples of classes in order to describe the importance of descriptive geometry education, and the need to switch from education focused on techniques to education on the theory behind the techniques.
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China（No.61073986）
文摘Computer-aided Design （CAD）, video games and other computer graphic related technology evolves substantial processing to geometric elements. A novel geometric computing method is proposed with the integration of descriptive geometry, math and computer algorithm. Firstly, geometric elements in general position are transformed to a special position in new coordinate system. Then a 3D problem is projected to new coordinate planes. Finally, according to 2D/3D correspondence principle in descriptive geometry, the solution is constructed computerized drawing process with ruler and compasses. In order to make this method a regular operation, a two-level pattern is established. Basic Layer is a set algebraic packaged function including about ten Primary Geometric Functions （PGF） and one projection transformation. In Application Layer, a proper coordinate is established and a sequence of PGFs is sought for to get the final results. Examples illustrate the advantages of our method on dimension reduction, regulatory and visual computing and robustness.
文摘Descriptive geometry is very important and recognized as a basic skill and knowledge for mechanical engineering student. In this study, PC-based electronic teaching/learning materials for descriptive geometry are created using Flash, which is a typical animation creator. Furthermore, several axonometric representations, created by 3D-CAD, SolidWorks, for 3D objects are auxiliary materials to promote understanding of descriptive geometry. The axonometric representations in 3D-CAD are also dynamic, in other words, a viewpoint can be moved free. The movement of 3D model in a PC monitor can be recorded using a normal function of SolidWorks and replayed by typical animation software. The developed materials are excellent at accuracy of drawing, repeatability of self-study and visual attraction in comparison to oral presentation using still image and inaccurate drawing on a textbook or blackboard in a classroom. Actually, questionnaire survey results present favorable impressions from student-users, although they point out the further improvement in the replaying speed. The replaying speed can be controlled easily by using a normal function of Flash. In addition, usual playback software for animation has functions of pause and replay on demand and, thus, it is not contro-versial.
文摘In this paper the importance of eometry?and raphics?for the advancement of science and knowledge in 19th century is pointed out. Klein and Müller reform of geometry syllabus in 19th century and the education situation of Geometry and Graphics in Europe during the last third of 20th century are introduced. The problems of geometry and graphics education during the next decedes and six proposals are presented.
文摘The basic way and method to apply the equipment s CAD data to a geometry description system(GDS) are presented,and its interface to GDS is set up.The basic function,flow and implementation technique of the interface are analyzed.Special computer software is programmed,and an application example is given also.The research results indicate that this interface can assist to derive desired data from the CAD data,and provide powerful technical support for the development of a practical data transferring interface.
基金Supported by ‘Fifteen’ National Education Science Accented Project (NO. CZ03)
文摘Internet has gradually demonstrated more and more superiority in modern education system. The intelligent online drawing platform based on net will provide learners with a studying environment without limitation in time and space. Based on the theory of graphics, this paper developed an intelligent online drawing platform (IODP) with Java through analyzing the teaching character of descriptive geometry. IODP developed not only has a flexible drawing environment with the function of mutual drawing, but also is able to judge the drawing made by students and give feedback at the same time. This platform gives an effective way for Internet education on engineering graphics.
文摘In this paper, the basic methods are introduced to calculate the fractaldimensions of the shearing surface of some tools. The fractal dimension of the shearing surface ofexperimental sampling is obtained and the fractal characteristics are also discussed. We can applythe fractal method to identify types of tools used by burglars and to do the job of individualrecognition. New theories and methods are provided to measure and process the shearing surfaceprofile of tools.
