AIM: To determine the rate and yield of repeat esophagogastroduodenoscopy (EGD) for dyspepsia in clinical practice,whether second opinions drive its use,and whether it is performed at the expense of colorectal cancer ...AIM: To determine the rate and yield of repeat esophagogastroduodenoscopy (EGD) for dyspepsia in clinical practice,whether second opinions drive its use,and whether it is performed at the expense of colorectal cancer screening.METHODS: We performed a retrospective cohort study of all patients who underwent repeat EGD for dyspepsia from 1996 to 2006 at the University of California,San Francisco endoscopy service.RESULTS: Of 24 780 EGDs,5460 (22%) were performed for dyspepsia in 4873 patients.Of these,451 patients (9.3%) underwent repeat EGD for dyspepsia at a median 1.7 (interquartile range,0.8-3.1) years after initial EGD.Signif icant f indings possibly related to dyspepsia were more likely at initial (29%) vs repeat EGD (18%) [odds ratio (OR),1.45;95% confidence interval (CI): 1.20-1.75,P < 0.0001],and at repeat EGD if the initial EGD had reported such f indings (26%) than if it had not (14%) (OR,1.32;95% CI: 1.08-1.62,P = 0.0015).The same endoscopist performed the repeat and initial EGD in 77% of cases.Of patients aged 50 years or older,286/311 (92%) underwent lower endoscopy.CONCLUSION: Repeat EGD for dyspepsia occurred at a low but substantial rate,with lower yield than initial EGD.Optimizing endoscopy use remains a public health priority.展开更多
<span style="font-family:Verdana;">The purpose of this paper is to review relevant literature concerning limb length inequalities in adults and to make recommendations for assessment and intervention b...<span style="font-family:Verdana;">The purpose of this paper is to review relevant literature concerning limb length inequalities in adults and to make recommendations for assessment and intervention based on the literature and our own clinical experience. The research was carr</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;">ied</span></span></span><span><span><span style="font-family:""><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> out on PUB MED, Non-English articles and duplicates in the databases were not included. Limb length inequality and common classification criteria are defined and etiological factors are present. Common methods of detecting limb length inequality include model manual technics. </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">This work has the purpose of describing a well standardized therapeutic in the form of practical guidance. The approach we describe provides standardized model evaluation for leg lower limb in order to be used in rehabilitation </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">clinic.</span></span></span></span>展开更多
文摘AIM: To determine the rate and yield of repeat esophagogastroduodenoscopy (EGD) for dyspepsia in clinical practice,whether second opinions drive its use,and whether it is performed at the expense of colorectal cancer screening.METHODS: We performed a retrospective cohort study of all patients who underwent repeat EGD for dyspepsia from 1996 to 2006 at the University of California,San Francisco endoscopy service.RESULTS: Of 24 780 EGDs,5460 (22%) were performed for dyspepsia in 4873 patients.Of these,451 patients (9.3%) underwent repeat EGD for dyspepsia at a median 1.7 (interquartile range,0.8-3.1) years after initial EGD.Signif icant f indings possibly related to dyspepsia were more likely at initial (29%) vs repeat EGD (18%) [odds ratio (OR),1.45;95% confidence interval (CI): 1.20-1.75,P < 0.0001],and at repeat EGD if the initial EGD had reported such f indings (26%) than if it had not (14%) (OR,1.32;95% CI: 1.08-1.62,P = 0.0015).The same endoscopist performed the repeat and initial EGD in 77% of cases.Of patients aged 50 years or older,286/311 (92%) underwent lower endoscopy.CONCLUSION: Repeat EGD for dyspepsia occurred at a low but substantial rate,with lower yield than initial EGD.Optimizing endoscopy use remains a public health priority.
文摘<span style="font-family:Verdana;">The purpose of this paper is to review relevant literature concerning limb length inequalities in adults and to make recommendations for assessment and intervention based on the literature and our own clinical experience. The research was carr</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;">ied</span></span></span><span><span><span style="font-family:""><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> out on PUB MED, Non-English articles and duplicates in the databases were not included. Limb length inequality and common classification criteria are defined and etiological factors are present. Common methods of detecting limb length inequality include model manual technics. </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">This work has the purpose of describing a well standardized therapeutic in the form of practical guidance. The approach we describe provides standardized model evaluation for leg lower limb in order to be used in rehabilitation </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">clinic.</span></span></span></span>
