Self-assembly of metal halide perovskite nanocrystals(NCs)into superlattices can exhibit unique collective properties,which have significant application values in the display,detector,and solar cell field.This review ...Self-assembly of metal halide perovskite nanocrystals(NCs)into superlattices can exhibit unique collective properties,which have significant application values in the display,detector,and solar cell field.This review discusses the driving forces behind the self-assembly process of perovskite NCs,and the commonly used self-assembly methods and different self-assembly structures are detailed.Subsequently,we summarize the collective optoelectronic properties and application areas of perovskite superlattice structures.Finally,we conclude with an outlook on the potential issues and future challenges in developing perovskite NCs.展开更多
To thoroughly understand the dynamic mechanism of hydrocarbon expulsion from deep source rocks,in this study,five types of hydrocarbon expulsion dynamics(thermal expansion,hydrocarbon diffusion,compaction,product volu...To thoroughly understand the dynamic mechanism of hydrocarbon expulsion from deep source rocks,in this study,five types of hydrocarbon expulsion dynamics(thermal expansion,hydrocarbon diffusion,compaction,product volume expansion,and capillary pressure difference(CPD))are studied.A model is proposed herein to evaluate the relative contribution of different dynamics for hydrocarbon expulsion using the principle of mass balance,and the model has been applied to the Cambrian source rocks in the Tarim Basin.The evaluation results show that during hydrocarbon expulsion from the source rocks,the relative contribution of CPD is the largest(>50%),followed by compaction(10%-40%),product volume expansion(5%-30%),and thermal expansion(2%-20%).The relative contribution of diffusion to hydrocarbon expulsion is minimal(<10%).These results demonstrate that CPD plays an important role in the hydrocarbon expulsion process of deep source rocks.The hydrocarbon expulsion process of source rocks can be categorized into three stages based on the contribution of different dynamics to the process:the first stage is dominated by compaction and diffusion to expel hydrocarbons,the second stage is dominated by product volume expansion and CPD,and the third stage is dominated by product volume expansion and CPD.This research offers new insights into hydrocarbon exploration in tight oil and gas reservoirs.展开更多
Based on the available experimental phase equilibrium relations and aging precipitation sequences,the Mg–Gd–Y ternary system has been thermodynamically re-assessed by means of CALPHAD technique.To simulate the exper...Based on the available experimental phase equilibrium relations and aging precipitation sequences,the Mg–Gd–Y ternary system has been thermodynamically re-assessed by means of CALPHAD technique.To simulate the experimentally reported aging precipitation sequence,α(Mg)_(SS)(supersaturated)→GP zones(D019-type,metastable)→β’-Mg_(7)Gd(c-bco,metastable)→β_(1)-Mg_(3)Gd(fcc,metastable)→β-Mg_(5)Gd(fcc,stable)near the Mg–Gd side,andα(Mg)SS(supersaturated)→β’-Mg_(7)Y(c-bco,metastable)→β-Mg_(24)Y_(5)(bcc,stable)near the Mg–Y side,the effective nucleation driving forces obtained by deducting the nucleation resistances from the thermodynamic driving forces are calculated and analyzed.Two metastable components,GP zones(D019-type)andβ’(c-bco)ordered fromα(Mg)_(SS),do not exist in the stable equilibrium phase diagram but appear in the annealing process of typical alloys.The Redlich–Kister equations are adopted to describe three solution phases,Liquid,HCP_A3 and BCC_A2.The intermediate compounds Mg_(2)Y,Mg_(24)Y_(5),Mg_(2)Gd,Mg_(3)Gd and Mg_(5)Gd are expressed by the formulas of(Mg,Y)_(2/3)(Gd,Mg,Y)_(1/3),Mg_(24/29)(Gd,Mg,Y)_(4/29)Y1/29,(Gd,Mg)_(2/3)(Gd,Mg,Y)_(1/3),(Gd,Mg)_(3/4)(Gd,Mg,Y)_(1/4)and Mg_(5/6)(Gd,Mg,Y)_(1/6),respectively.In particular,the two-sublattice models(Gd,Mg,Y)_(1/2)(Gd,Mg,Y)_(1/2),(Gd,Mg,Y)_(3/4)(Gd,Mg,Y)_(1/4)and(Gd,Mg,Y)_(7/8)(Gd,Mg,Y)_(1/8)have been respectively used to describe the stable Mg(Gd,Y)(BCC_B2)alloy compound as well as the metastable GP zones(D019-type)andβ’(c-bco)phase,in order to cope with the order-disorder transitions.A set of self-consistent thermodynamic parameters has been obtained to ensure the thermodynamic calculations well consistent with the reported experimental data,containing not only the stable equilibrium phase diagram but also the aging precipitation sequence.展开更多
Changes of cultivated land patterns caused by major water conservation projects are rarely reported. We selected the Three Gorges Reservoir area in China to study the change in area and landscape pattern of the cultiv...Changes of cultivated land patterns caused by major water conservation projects are rarely reported. We selected the Three Gorges Reservoir area in China to study the change in area and landscape pattern of the cultivated land in the head,central, and tail areas of the reservoir that took place between 1992 and 2015;we then studied the spatial distribution of the cultivated land in the three parts of the reservoir;finally, we studied the driving forces behind the changes in the cultivated land. The results derived are as follows.(1) During the construction of the Three Gorges Project(TGP, 1992–2015), the area of cultivated land around the reservoir decreased by30.23 million ha. This reduction occurred in phases:the most severe change in cultivated land occurred during the later stage of the project(2002–2010);only 0.62 million ha of cultivated land did not change between 1992 and 2015.(2) Spatial pattern analysis showed that the cultivated land in the three parts of the reservoir changed from a northern distribution to a southern distribution;thus, the area of cultivated land in the north decreased over the time period. The area of cultivated land in the head and tail areas decreased by varying degrees, while it increased in the central area over the 23 years, indicating that the change in cultivated land showed regional differences.(3) The TGP, the policy of reverting farmland to forest,and urbanization were the main driving factors for the change of cultivated land, but there were differences in their impacts at different stages.(4) According to the patch dynamics of the land cover change, the degree of change gradually intensified during the early and later stages of the project and then stabilized during the operational period. Our research provides scientific support for the protection of cultivated land resources and food security in the reservoir area and for the coordination of social and economic development, which is of great significance to sustainable development in the reservoir area.展开更多
Improving comprehensive agricultural productivity is an important measure to realize agricultural modernization.Based on the data from Jilin Statistical Yearbook,this study analyzed the spatial and temporal characteri...Improving comprehensive agricultural productivity is an important measure to realize agricultural modernization.Based on the data from Jilin Statistical Yearbook,this study analyzed the spatial and temporal characteristics of comprehensive agricultural productivity discrepancy in the main agricultural production areas of Jilin Province,China.The comprehensive agricultural productivity of 25 county-level administrative units were evaluated by a comprehensive index system based on five aspects which included 20 indicators from 2004 to 2017.The pattern of the discrepancy was analyzed by the spatial differentiation indices and spatial convergence theory.The results were as follows:1) the overall comprehensive agricultural productivity was in a ’W-type’ rising trend;2) the discrepancy was in’inverted W-type’ trend;3) the spatial distribution characteristics were mainly discrete plaque and ’inverted V-type’;4) the formation of differences was forced by a combination of internal and external driving forces.Our study demonstrates the effectiveness of rising agricultural productivity and the level of economic and social developments in different counties in Jilin Province.展开更多
By the qualitative and quantitative analysis method,we analyze the driving forces of arable land resource change in Jieshou City and find that the arable land resource change in Jieshou City arises mainly from social ...By the qualitative and quantitative analysis method,we analyze the driving forces of arable land resource change in Jieshou City and find that the arable land resource change in Jieshou City arises mainly from social and economic driving forces. Based on the social and economic indicator data about arable land resource in Jieshou City,we use principal component analysis to establish evaluation index system,and analyze the driving forces of dynamic arable land resource change in Jieshou City during 2006-2015. It is concluded that Jieshou's arable land change is mainly affected by economic and social factors.展开更多
Recently,the China E-Business Research Center(100EC.CN)released the'2015 Monitoring Report of China E-business Market'.The report says that the China E-business transaction volume amounted to 18.3 trillion yua...Recently,the China E-Business Research Center(100EC.CN)released the'2015 Monitoring Report of China E-business Market'.The report says that the China E-business transaction volume amounted to 18.3 trillion yuan in 2015,up by 36.5%from a year ago,and marking an increase of 5.1 percentage points in growth rate.Meanwhile,the B2B E-business trade value totaled 13.9 trillion yuan,up展开更多
The change in land development intensity is an important perspective to reflect the variation in regional social and economic development and spatial differentiation.In this paper,spatial statistical analysis,Ordinary...The change in land development intensity is an important perspective to reflect the variation in regional social and economic development and spatial differentiation.In this paper,spatial statistical analysis,Ordinary Least Squares(OLS),and Geographically weighted regression(GWR)methods are used to systematically analyse the spatial-temporal characteristics and driving forces of land development intensity for 131 spatial units in the western China from 2000 to 2015.The findings of the study are as follows:1)The land development intensity in the western China has been increasing rapidly.From 2000 to 2015,land development intensity increased by 3.4 times on average.2)The hotspot areas have shifted from central Inner Mongolia,northern Shaanxi and the Beibu Gulf of Guangxi to the Guanzhong Plain and the Chengdu-Chongqing urban agglomeration.The areas of cold spots were mainly concentrated in the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau,Yunnan,and Xinjiang.3)Investment intensity and the natural environment have always been the main drivers of land development intensity in the western China.Investment played a powerful role in promoting land development intensity,while the natural and ecological environment distinctly constrained such development.The effect of the economic factors on land development intensity in the western China has changed,which is reflected in the driving factor of construction land development shifting from economic growth in 2000 to economic structure,especially industrial structure,in 2015.展开更多
Understanding the spatial patterns of land-use and land-cover(LULC)and their driving forces in transnational areas is important for the sustainable development of these regions.However,the spatial patterns of LULC and...Understanding the spatial patterns of land-use and land-cover(LULC)and their driving forces in transnational areas is important for the sustainable development of these regions.However,the spatial patterns of LULC and their driving forces across multiple scales are poorly understood in transnational areas.In this study,we analyzed the spatial patterns of LULC and driving forces in the transnational area of Tumen River(TATR)in 2016 across two scales:the entire region and the sub-regions of China,the Democratic People’s Republic of Korea(DPRK),and Russia.Results showed that the LULC was dominated by broadleaf forest and dry farmland in the TATR in 2016,which accounted for 66.86%and 13.60%of the entire region,respectively.Meanwhile,the LULC in the three sub-regions exhibited noticeable differences.In the Chinese and the DPRK’s sub-regions,the area of broadleaf forest was greater than those for the other LULC types,while the Russian sub-region was dominated by broadleaf forest and grassland.The spatial patterns of LULC were mainly influenced by topography,climate,soil properties,and human activities.In addition,the driving forces of the spatial patterns of LULC in the TATR had an obvious scaling effect.Therefore,we suggest that effective policies and regulations with cooperation among China,the DPRK,and Russia are needed to plan the spatial patterns of LULC and improve the sustainable development of the TATR.展开更多
[Objective] The aim was to study the driving forces of rocky desertification in Guizhou Province. [Method] Based on GIS and RS technology, the main driving forces of rocky desertification in Guizhou Province were anal...[Objective] The aim was to study the driving forces of rocky desertification in Guizhou Province. [Method] Based on GIS and RS technology, the main driving forces of rocky desertification in Guizhou Province were analyzed by means of correlation analysis and variation coefficient method, and then the distribution of rocky desertification in Guizhou Province was assessed synthetically. [Result] The main driving forces of rocky desertification in Guizhou Province were vegetation cover, rainfall, peasant income and gradient which were obviously correlative with rocky desertification; from theoretical distribution, rocky desertification was the most serious in Bijie, southwest Guizhou, southern Guizhou and northeastern Guizhou, and the theoretical distribution of rocky desertification in Bijie was severer than its current situation, which showed that construction of ecological function area in Bijie restrained the development of rocky desertification effectively; the good consistency between theoretical and current distribution of rocky desertification revealed that the study method was feasible. [Conclusion] The study could provide theoretical references for the practical control of rocky desertification.展开更多
Recent experiments and molecule dynamics simulations have shown that adhesion droplets on conical surfaces may move spontaneously and directionally.Besides, this spontaneous and directional motion is independent of th...Recent experiments and molecule dynamics simulations have shown that adhesion droplets on conical surfaces may move spontaneously and directionally.Besides, this spontaneous and directional motion is independent of the hydrophilicity and hydrophobicity of the conical surfaces.Aimed at this important phenomenon,a general theoretical explanation is provided from the viewpoint of the geometrization of micro/nano mechanics on curved surfaces.In the extrinsic mechanics on micro/nano soft curved surfaces,we disclose that the curvatures and their extrinsic gradients form the driving forces on the curved spaces.This paper focuses on the intrinsic mechanics on micro/nano hard curved surfaces and the experiment on the spontaneous and directional motion.Based on the pair potentials of particles,the interactions between an isolated particle and a micro/nano hard curved surface are studied,and the geometric foundation for the interactions between the particle and the hard curved surface is analyzed.The following results are derived:(a)Whatever the exponents in the pair potentials may be, the potential of the particle/hard curved surface is always of the unified curvature form, i.e.,the potential is always a unified function of the mean curvature and the Gaussian curvature of the curved surface,(b)On the basis of the curvature-based potential,the geometrization of the micro/nano mechanics on hard curved surfaces may be realized, (c)Similar to the extrinsic mechanics on micro/nano soft curved surfaces,in the intrinsic mechanics on micro/nano hard curved surfaces,the curvatures and their intrinsic gradients form the driving forces on the curved spaces.In other words,either on soft curved surfaces or hard curved surfaces and either in the extrinsic mechanics or the intrinsic mechanics, the curvatures and their gradients are all essential factors for the driving forces on the curved spaces,(d)The direction of the driving force induced by the hard curved surface is independent of the hydrophilicity and hydrophobicity of the curved surface, explaining the experimental phenomenon of the spontaneous and directional motion.展开更多
This paper applied literature research, model analysis, considered current community-participated tourism development, established a four driving forces model on the basis of analyzing the driving forces for community...This paper applied literature research, model analysis, considered current community-participated tourism development, established a four driving forces model on the basis of analyzing the driving forces for community participation in heritage site protection and tourism development. The driving forces and applicability of community participation in heritage site protection and tourism development from the perspectives of interests drive, government pushing, tourism development attraction and environmental protection pressure.展开更多
Polymerization-induced self-assembly(PISA)enables the simultaneous growth and self-assembly of block copolymers in one pot and therefore has developed into a high-efficiency platform for the preparation of polymer ass...Polymerization-induced self-assembly(PISA)enables the simultaneous growth and self-assembly of block copolymers in one pot and therefore has developed into a high-efficiency platform for the preparation of polymer assemblies with high concentration and excellent reproducibility.During the past decade,the driving force of PISA has extended from hydrophobic interactions to other supramolecular interactions,which has greatly innovated the design of PISA,enlarged the monomer/solvent toolkit,and endowed the polymer assemblies with intrinsic dynamicity and responsiveness.To unravel the important role of driving forces in the formation of polymeric assemblies,this review summarized the recent development of PISA from the perspective of driving forces.Motivated by this goal,here we give a brief overview of the basic principles of PISA and systematically discuss the various driving forces in the PISA system,including hydrophobic interactions,hydrogen bonding,electrostatic interactions,andπ-πinteractions.Furthermore,PISA systems that are driven and regulated by crystallization or liquid crystalline ordering were also highlighted.展开更多
Background Global connectivity and environmental change pose continuous threats to dengue invasions from worldwide to China.However,the intrinsic relationship on introduction and outbreak risks of dengue driven by the...Background Global connectivity and environmental change pose continuous threats to dengue invasions from worldwide to China.However,the intrinsic relationship on introduction and outbreak risks of dengue driven by the landscape features are still unknown.This study aimed to map the patterns on source-sink relation of dengue cases and assess the driving forces for dengue invasions in China.Methods We identified the local and imported cases(2006–2020)and assembled the datasets on environmental conditions.The vector auto-regression model was applied to detect the cross-relations of source-sink patterns.We selected the major environmental drivers via the Boruta algorithm to assess the driving forces in dengue outbreak dynamics by applying generalized additive models.We reconstructed the internal connections among imported cases,local cases,and external environmental drivers using the structural equation modeling.Results From 2006 to 2020,81,652 local dengue cases and 12,701 imported dengue cases in China were reported.The hotspots of dengue introductions and outbreaks were in southeast and southwest China,originating from South and Southeast Asia.Oversea-imported dengue cases,as the Granger-cause,were the initial driver of the dengue dynamic;the suitable local bio-socioecological environment is the fundamental factor for dengue epidemics.The Bio8[odds ratio(OR)=2.11,95%confidence interval(CI):1.67–2.68],Bio9(OR=291.62,95%CI:125.63–676.89),Bio15(OR=4.15,95%CI:3.30–5.24),normalized difference vegetation index in March(OR=1.27,95%CI:1.06–1.51)and July(OR=1.04,95%CI:1.00–1.07),and the imported cases are the major drivers of dengue local transmissions(OR=4.79,95%CI:4.34–5.28).The intermediary effect of an index on population and economic development to local cases via the path of imported cases was detected in the dengue dynamic system.Conclusions Dengue outbreaks in China are triggered by introductions of imported cases and boosted by landscape features and connectivity.Our research will contribute to developing nature-based solutions for dengue surveillance,mitigation,and control from a socio-ecological perspective based on invasion ecology theories to control and prevent future dengue invasion and localization.展开更多
Plate tectonics describes the horizontal motions of lithospheric plates,the Earths outer shell,and interactions among them across the Earths surface.Since the establishment of the theory of plate tectonics about half ...Plate tectonics describes the horizontal motions of lithospheric plates,the Earths outer shell,and interactions among them across the Earths surface.Since the establishment of the theory of plate tectonics about half a century ago,considerable debates have remained regarding the driving forces for plate motion.The early"Bottom up"view,i.e.,the convecting mantledriven mechanism,states that mantle plumes originating from the core-mantle boundary act at the base of plates,accelerating continental breakup and driving plate motion.Toward the present,however,the"Top down"idea is more widely accepted,according to which the negative buoyancy of oceanic plates is the dominant driving force for plate motion,and the subducting slabs control surface tectonics and mantle convection.In this regard,plate tectonics is also known as subduction tectonics."Top down"tectonics has received wide supports from numerous geological and geophysical observations.On the other hand,recent studies indicate that the acceleration/deceleration of individual plates over the million-year timescale may reflect the effects of mantle plumes.It is also suggested that surface uplift and subsidence within stable cratonic areas are correlated with plumerelated magmatic activities over the hundred-million-year timescale.On the global scale,the cyclical supercontinent assembly and breakup seem to be coupled with superplume activities during the past two billion years.These correlations over various spatial and temporal scales indicate the close relationship and intensive interactions between plate tectonics and plume tectonics throughout the history of the Earth and the considerable influence of plumes on plate motion.Indeed,we can acquire a comprehensive understanding of the driving forces for plate motion and operation mechanism of the Earth's dynamic system only through joint analyses and integrated studies on plate tectonics and plume tectonics.展开更多
Background:Wetland loss is a global concern due to its enormous ecosystem services.Marshland,a typical natural wetland,which is concentrated in the Sanjiang Plain,has undergone dramatic loss in the last several decade...Background:Wetland loss is a global concern due to its enormous ecosystem services.Marshland,a typical natural wetland,which is concentrated in the Sanjiang Plain,has undergone dramatic loss in the last several decades.The spatiotemporal changes in marshland were studied based on Landsat images of the Sanjiang Plain from 1980 to 2016 with the land use maps in 1980,1995,2000,2005,2010,and 2016 using land use dynamic degree and landscape indices.The driving forces of marshland loss,including biophysical factors,socio-economic factors,and land management,were analyzed with boosted regression trees(BRTs)methods.Results:The area of marshland loss was 7372 km^(2),which accounted for 65.7%of the area of marshland in 1980;however,the paddy field area was expanded by 22,313 km^(2).The lost marshland was mainly converted to dry farmland(47.5%)and paddy field(47.2%)during 1980-2016.Both the landscape pattern of the study area and marshland became increasingly fragmented.The relatively important factors responsible for marshland loss were biophysical factors,socio-economic factors,and land management,which accounted for 65.2%,25.5%,and 8.4%,respectively.The most important driving forces with high“relative influence”were“distance to river,”which accounted for 20.6%of the total variance explained.The“relative influence”of potential crop yield and ditch density reached 20.2%and 8.4%,respectively.Conclusion:Significant land use changes have occurred in the Sanjiang Plain over the past 37 years,with characteristics of rapid paddy field expansion and drastic marshland loss.Meanwhile,marshland fragmentation continued to increase.Reclamation was the main reason for the large-scale marshland loss.Biophysical factors influenced the decisions regarding the locations of marshland loss.Moreover,climate factors(i.e.,average annual precipitation and average annual temperature)also played an important role in marshland loss.These results can provide helpful knowledge for understanding the patterns and reasons for marshland loss and protecting and managing strategies for wetlands restoration.展开更多
In recent years,urbanization has accelerated and the gap between urban water supply and demand has become more significant.This phenomenon has led to greater demands on urban water resource management. Thus,analyses o...In recent years,urbanization has accelerated and the gap between urban water supply and demand has become more significant.This phenomenon has led to greater demands on urban water resource management. Thus,analyses of the forces that drive urban water demand growth can help efficient management of urban water resources. "Jing-Jin-Ji" refers to the district composed of Beijing and Tianjin,municipality as well as Hebei Province,which is among the political and economic centers of China. The traditional analysis of driving force for water resources often consider cities as independent individuals and ignores the interaction between them. Such method cannot describe the spatial distribution of regional water demand. In this study,the water demand field theory is used to construct water demand and social development fields for the Jing-Jin-Ji district with relevant indicators. The distribution trends of the two fields,and the correlation of their intensities,are then analyzed. Principal component analysis is used to specifically determine the forces that drive water demand at different stages of development.Results indicate that the water demand field theory can accurately describe spatial variations in water demand intensity in the study area. The main driving force for water demand in the Jing-Jin-Ji district from 2000 to 2014 is the growth of urban population. However,in 2015 and 2016,"GDP of the tertiary industry" overtook it. The results of this study can serve as a basis for regional water demand forecasting,with large potential to be applied to urban water resource management.展开更多
Cultivated land is an important natural resource to ensure food,ecological and economic security.The cultivated land quality evaluation(CQE)is greatly significant for protecting and managing cultivated land.In this st...Cultivated land is an important natural resource to ensure food,ecological and economic security.The cultivated land quality evaluation(CQE)is greatly significant for protecting and managing cultivated land.In this study,320 counties in the black soil region of Northeast China(BSRNC)represent the research units used to construct the CQE system measuring the soil properties(SP),cultivated land productivity(CLP),ecological environment(EE)and social economy(SE).The total of 19 factors were selected to calculate the integrated fertility index(IFI)and divided into grades.Simultaneously,we used the coupling coordination degree model to comprehensively analyze the spatial pattern of the cultivated land quality(CLQ)in the BSRNC,and use the structural equation model(SEM)to analyze the driving mechanism.The results show the following:1)The CLQ of 262 counties in the BSRNC is in a state of coupling and coordination,and the coupling and coordination degree presents a spatial distribution pattern of‘high in the southwest and northeast,low in the northwest and southeast’.The coordinated development degree of 271 counties is between 0.4 and 0.6,which is in a transitional state between coordination and disorder.2)The CLQ in the BSRNC is generally good,with an average grade of 3.High-quality cultivated land accounts for 58.45%of all counties,middle-and upper-quality cultivated land accounts for 27.05%,and poor-quality cultivated land accounts for 14.49%.3)The SEM analysis shows that the SP,CLP,EE,and SE all influence the CLQ.Among them,the SP has the largest driving force on the CLQ,while the SE has the smallest driving force on it.The results confirm that the main factors affecting the evaluation results are crop productivity level,normalized difference vegetation index,ratio vegetation index,difference vegetation index,and organic carbon content.When implementing protection measures in counties with a low CLQ,considering a balanced coordination of multiple systems and reasonably controlling the quality degradation are important.This study provides the current situation and driving factors of the CLQ in the BSRNC and will play an important role in black soil governance and utilization.展开更多
Exploring urban land use change is a classical problem in urban geography.Taking Zhengzhou as an example,this paper analyzes the spatial and temporal characteristics and driving factors of urban land use change,and si...Exploring urban land use change is a classical problem in urban geography.Taking Zhengzhou as an example,this paper analyzes the spatial and temporal characteristics and driving factors of urban land use change,and simulates the spatial pattern of urban land use in the future.The results of the study show that the land use types in Zhengzhou city were mainly farmland and construction land,the area of forestland,grassland,water area,and unused land was smaller,and the main land use change was the transformation of farmland into construction land.The accuracy check of the simulated land use type data in 2020 showed that the kappa coefficient reached 0.9445,which met the accuracy requirement.Then,according to the predicted land use data in 2025,it was found that the area of grassland,construction land,and water area may have decreased,and the area of farmland,forestland and unused land may have increased.Based on the driving force analysis of land use changes,its prediction results can provide an important reference basis for the formulation and planning of policies related to urban construction.展开更多
基金financially supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China (2021YFB3600403)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities (000-0903069032)。
文摘Self-assembly of metal halide perovskite nanocrystals(NCs)into superlattices can exhibit unique collective properties,which have significant application values in the display,detector,and solar cell field.This review discusses the driving forces behind the self-assembly process of perovskite NCs,and the commonly used self-assembly methods and different self-assembly structures are detailed.Subsequently,we summarize the collective optoelectronic properties and application areas of perovskite superlattice structures.Finally,we conclude with an outlook on the potential issues and future challenges in developing perovskite NCs.
基金This study is financially supported by the Joint Fund of the National Natural Science Foundation of China under grant number U19B6003-02-04the Science Foundation of China University of Petroleum,Beijing,under grant number 2462020BJRC005 and 2462022YXZZ007+1 种基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China under grant number 42102145the China National Petroleum Corporation's"14th Five-Year Plan"major scientific projecs under grant number 2021DJ0101.
文摘To thoroughly understand the dynamic mechanism of hydrocarbon expulsion from deep source rocks,in this study,five types of hydrocarbon expulsion dynamics(thermal expansion,hydrocarbon diffusion,compaction,product volume expansion,and capillary pressure difference(CPD))are studied.A model is proposed herein to evaluate the relative contribution of different dynamics for hydrocarbon expulsion using the principle of mass balance,and the model has been applied to the Cambrian source rocks in the Tarim Basin.The evaluation results show that during hydrocarbon expulsion from the source rocks,the relative contribution of CPD is the largest(>50%),followed by compaction(10%-40%),product volume expansion(5%-30%),and thermal expansion(2%-20%).The relative contribution of diffusion to hydrocarbon expulsion is minimal(<10%).These results demonstrate that CPD plays an important role in the hydrocarbon expulsion process of deep source rocks.The hydrocarbon expulsion process of source rocks can be categorized into three stages based on the contribution of different dynamics to the process:the first stage is dominated by compaction and diffusion to expel hydrocarbons,the second stage is dominated by product volume expansion and CPD,and the third stage is dominated by product volume expansion and CPD.This research offers new insights into hydrocarbon exploration in tight oil and gas reservoirs.
基金the National Key Research and Development Program of China(No.2016YFB0701201)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.52071011)for the financial supports.
文摘Based on the available experimental phase equilibrium relations and aging precipitation sequences,the Mg–Gd–Y ternary system has been thermodynamically re-assessed by means of CALPHAD technique.To simulate the experimentally reported aging precipitation sequence,α(Mg)_(SS)(supersaturated)→GP zones(D019-type,metastable)→β’-Mg_(7)Gd(c-bco,metastable)→β_(1)-Mg_(3)Gd(fcc,metastable)→β-Mg_(5)Gd(fcc,stable)near the Mg–Gd side,andα(Mg)SS(supersaturated)→β’-Mg_(7)Y(c-bco,metastable)→β-Mg_(24)Y_(5)(bcc,stable)near the Mg–Y side,the effective nucleation driving forces obtained by deducting the nucleation resistances from the thermodynamic driving forces are calculated and analyzed.Two metastable components,GP zones(D019-type)andβ’(c-bco)ordered fromα(Mg)_(SS),do not exist in the stable equilibrium phase diagram but appear in the annealing process of typical alloys.The Redlich–Kister equations are adopted to describe three solution phases,Liquid,HCP_A3 and BCC_A2.The intermediate compounds Mg_(2)Y,Mg_(24)Y_(5),Mg_(2)Gd,Mg_(3)Gd and Mg_(5)Gd are expressed by the formulas of(Mg,Y)_(2/3)(Gd,Mg,Y)_(1/3),Mg_(24/29)(Gd,Mg,Y)_(4/29)Y1/29,(Gd,Mg)_(2/3)(Gd,Mg,Y)_(1/3),(Gd,Mg)_(3/4)(Gd,Mg,Y)_(1/4)and Mg_(5/6)(Gd,Mg,Y)_(1/6),respectively.In particular,the two-sublattice models(Gd,Mg,Y)_(1/2)(Gd,Mg,Y)_(1/2),(Gd,Mg,Y)_(3/4)(Gd,Mg,Y)_(1/4)and(Gd,Mg,Y)_(7/8)(Gd,Mg,Y)_(1/8)have been respectively used to describe the stable Mg(Gd,Y)(BCC_B2)alloy compound as well as the metastable GP zones(D019-type)andβ’(c-bco)phase,in order to cope with the order-disorder transitions.A set of self-consistent thermodynamic parameters has been obtained to ensure the thermodynamic calculations well consistent with the reported experimental data,containing not only the stable equilibrium phase diagram but also the aging precipitation sequence.
基金funded by the 135 Strategic Program of the Institute of Mountain Hazards and Environment, CAS (Grant No. SDS135-1703)Coupled relationship and regulation mechanism between rural livelihoods and ecosystem services in the Three Gorges Reservoir Area (No.41371539)
文摘Changes of cultivated land patterns caused by major water conservation projects are rarely reported. We selected the Three Gorges Reservoir area in China to study the change in area and landscape pattern of the cultivated land in the head,central, and tail areas of the reservoir that took place between 1992 and 2015;we then studied the spatial distribution of the cultivated land in the three parts of the reservoir;finally, we studied the driving forces behind the changes in the cultivated land. The results derived are as follows.(1) During the construction of the Three Gorges Project(TGP, 1992–2015), the area of cultivated land around the reservoir decreased by30.23 million ha. This reduction occurred in phases:the most severe change in cultivated land occurred during the later stage of the project(2002–2010);only 0.62 million ha of cultivated land did not change between 1992 and 2015.(2) Spatial pattern analysis showed that the cultivated land in the three parts of the reservoir changed from a northern distribution to a southern distribution;thus, the area of cultivated land in the north decreased over the time period. The area of cultivated land in the head and tail areas decreased by varying degrees, while it increased in the central area over the 23 years, indicating that the change in cultivated land showed regional differences.(3) The TGP, the policy of reverting farmland to forest,and urbanization were the main driving factors for the change of cultivated land, but there were differences in their impacts at different stages.(4) According to the patch dynamics of the land cover change, the degree of change gradually intensified during the early and later stages of the project and then stabilized during the operational period. Our research provides scientific support for the protection of cultivated land resources and food security in the reservoir area and for the coordination of social and economic development, which is of great significance to sustainable development in the reservoir area.
基金Under the auspices of the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.41771138)。
文摘Improving comprehensive agricultural productivity is an important measure to realize agricultural modernization.Based on the data from Jilin Statistical Yearbook,this study analyzed the spatial and temporal characteristics of comprehensive agricultural productivity discrepancy in the main agricultural production areas of Jilin Province,China.The comprehensive agricultural productivity of 25 county-level administrative units were evaluated by a comprehensive index system based on five aspects which included 20 indicators from 2004 to 2017.The pattern of the discrepancy was analyzed by the spatial differentiation indices and spatial convergence theory.The results were as follows:1) the overall comprehensive agricultural productivity was in a ’W-type’ rising trend;2) the discrepancy was in’inverted W-type’ trend;3) the spatial distribution characteristics were mainly discrete plaque and ’inverted V-type’;4) the formation of differences was forced by a combination of internal and external driving forces.Our study demonstrates the effectiveness of rising agricultural productivity and the level of economic and social developments in different counties in Jilin Province.
文摘By the qualitative and quantitative analysis method,we analyze the driving forces of arable land resource change in Jieshou City and find that the arable land resource change in Jieshou City arises mainly from social and economic driving forces. Based on the social and economic indicator data about arable land resource in Jieshou City,we use principal component analysis to establish evaluation index system,and analyze the driving forces of dynamic arable land resource change in Jieshou City during 2006-2015. It is concluded that Jieshou's arable land change is mainly affected by economic and social factors.
文摘Recently,the China E-Business Research Center(100EC.CN)released the'2015 Monitoring Report of China E-business Market'.The report says that the China E-business transaction volume amounted to 18.3 trillion yuan in 2015,up by 36.5%from a year ago,and marking an increase of 5.1 percentage points in growth rate.Meanwhile,the B2B E-business trade value totaled 13.9 trillion yuan,up
基金Under the auspices of Fundamental Research Funds for the Central University(No.310827171012)National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.41971178+4 种基金3167054931170664)National Key Research&Development Program of China(2017YFC0504705)Open Fund of Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Earth Surface System and Environmental Carrying Capacity(No.SKLESS201807)Key Research&Development Program of Shaanxi Province(No.2019SF-245)
文摘The change in land development intensity is an important perspective to reflect the variation in regional social and economic development and spatial differentiation.In this paper,spatial statistical analysis,Ordinary Least Squares(OLS),and Geographically weighted regression(GWR)methods are used to systematically analyse the spatial-temporal characteristics and driving forces of land development intensity for 131 spatial units in the western China from 2000 to 2015.The findings of the study are as follows:1)The land development intensity in the western China has been increasing rapidly.From 2000 to 2015,land development intensity increased by 3.4 times on average.2)The hotspot areas have shifted from central Inner Mongolia,northern Shaanxi and the Beibu Gulf of Guangxi to the Guanzhong Plain and the Chengdu-Chongqing urban agglomeration.The areas of cold spots were mainly concentrated in the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau,Yunnan,and Xinjiang.3)Investment intensity and the natural environment have always been the main drivers of land development intensity in the western China.Investment played a powerful role in promoting land development intensity,while the natural and ecological environment distinctly constrained such development.The effect of the economic factors on land development intensity in the western China has changed,which is reflected in the driving factor of construction land development shifting from economic growth in 2000 to economic structure,especially industrial structure,in 2015.
基金Under the auspices of National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.41771094,41871185,41801184)。
文摘Understanding the spatial patterns of land-use and land-cover(LULC)and their driving forces in transnational areas is important for the sustainable development of these regions.However,the spatial patterns of LULC and their driving forces across multiple scales are poorly understood in transnational areas.In this study,we analyzed the spatial patterns of LULC and driving forces in the transnational area of Tumen River(TATR)in 2016 across two scales:the entire region and the sub-regions of China,the Democratic People’s Republic of Korea(DPRK),and Russia.Results showed that the LULC was dominated by broadleaf forest and dry farmland in the TATR in 2016,which accounted for 66.86%and 13.60%of the entire region,respectively.Meanwhile,the LULC in the three sub-regions exhibited noticeable differences.In the Chinese and the DPRK’s sub-regions,the area of broadleaf forest was greater than those for the other LULC types,while the Russian sub-region was dominated by broadleaf forest and grassland.The spatial patterns of LULC were mainly influenced by topography,climate,soil properties,and human activities.In addition,the driving forces of the spatial patterns of LULC in the TATR had an obvious scaling effect.Therefore,we suggest that effective policies and regulations with cooperation among China,the DPRK,and Russia are needed to plan the spatial patterns of LULC and improve the sustainable development of the TATR.
基金Supported by Study on the Remote Sensing Quantitative Extraction Technology of Karst Rocky Desertification Information (GY[2007]3017)State Key Development Program of Basic Research of China(973 Program) (2006CB403200)
文摘[Objective] The aim was to study the driving forces of rocky desertification in Guizhou Province. [Method] Based on GIS and RS technology, the main driving forces of rocky desertification in Guizhou Province were analyzed by means of correlation analysis and variation coefficient method, and then the distribution of rocky desertification in Guizhou Province was assessed synthetically. [Result] The main driving forces of rocky desertification in Guizhou Province were vegetation cover, rainfall, peasant income and gradient which were obviously correlative with rocky desertification; from theoretical distribution, rocky desertification was the most serious in Bijie, southwest Guizhou, southern Guizhou and northeastern Guizhou, and the theoretical distribution of rocky desertification in Bijie was severer than its current situation, which showed that construction of ecological function area in Bijie restrained the development of rocky desertification effectively; the good consistency between theoretical and current distribution of rocky desertification revealed that the study method was feasible. [Conclusion] The study could provide theoretical references for the practical control of rocky desertification.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.10872114,10672089, 10832005,and 11072125)
文摘Recent experiments and molecule dynamics simulations have shown that adhesion droplets on conical surfaces may move spontaneously and directionally.Besides, this spontaneous and directional motion is independent of the hydrophilicity and hydrophobicity of the conical surfaces.Aimed at this important phenomenon,a general theoretical explanation is provided from the viewpoint of the geometrization of micro/nano mechanics on curved surfaces.In the extrinsic mechanics on micro/nano soft curved surfaces,we disclose that the curvatures and their extrinsic gradients form the driving forces on the curved spaces.This paper focuses on the intrinsic mechanics on micro/nano hard curved surfaces and the experiment on the spontaneous and directional motion.Based on the pair potentials of particles,the interactions between an isolated particle and a micro/nano hard curved surface are studied,and the geometric foundation for the interactions between the particle and the hard curved surface is analyzed.The following results are derived:(a)Whatever the exponents in the pair potentials may be, the potential of the particle/hard curved surface is always of the unified curvature form, i.e.,the potential is always a unified function of the mean curvature and the Gaussian curvature of the curved surface,(b)On the basis of the curvature-based potential,the geometrization of the micro/nano mechanics on hard curved surfaces may be realized, (c)Similar to the extrinsic mechanics on micro/nano soft curved surfaces,in the intrinsic mechanics on micro/nano hard curved surfaces,the curvatures and their intrinsic gradients form the driving forces on the curved spaces.In other words,either on soft curved surfaces or hard curved surfaces and either in the extrinsic mechanics or the intrinsic mechanics, the curvatures and their gradients are all essential factors for the driving forces on the curved spaces,(d)The direction of the driving force induced by the hard curved surface is independent of the hydrophilicity and hydrophobicity of the curved surface, explaining the experimental phenomenon of the spontaneous and directional motion.
文摘This paper applied literature research, model analysis, considered current community-participated tourism development, established a four driving forces model on the basis of analyzing the driving forces for community participation in heritage site protection and tourism development. The driving forces and applicability of community participation in heritage site protection and tourism development from the perspectives of interests drive, government pushing, tourism development attraction and environmental protection pressure.
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China,Grant/Award Number:21905171。
文摘Polymerization-induced self-assembly(PISA)enables the simultaneous growth and self-assembly of block copolymers in one pot and therefore has developed into a high-efficiency platform for the preparation of polymer assemblies with high concentration and excellent reproducibility.During the past decade,the driving force of PISA has extended from hydrophobic interactions to other supramolecular interactions,which has greatly innovated the design of PISA,enlarged the monomer/solvent toolkit,and endowed the polymer assemblies with intrinsic dynamicity and responsiveness.To unravel the important role of driving forces in the formation of polymeric assemblies,this review summarized the recent development of PISA from the perspective of driving forces.Motivated by this goal,here we give a brief overview of the basic principles of PISA and systematically discuss the various driving forces in the PISA system,including hydrophobic interactions,hydrogen bonding,electrostatic interactions,andπ-πinteractions.Furthermore,PISA systems that are driven and regulated by crystallization or liquid crystalline ordering were also highlighted.
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2020YFC1200101)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(82073615,42041001).
文摘Background Global connectivity and environmental change pose continuous threats to dengue invasions from worldwide to China.However,the intrinsic relationship on introduction and outbreak risks of dengue driven by the landscape features are still unknown.This study aimed to map the patterns on source-sink relation of dengue cases and assess the driving forces for dengue invasions in China.Methods We identified the local and imported cases(2006–2020)and assembled the datasets on environmental conditions.The vector auto-regression model was applied to detect the cross-relations of source-sink patterns.We selected the major environmental drivers via the Boruta algorithm to assess the driving forces in dengue outbreak dynamics by applying generalized additive models.We reconstructed the internal connections among imported cases,local cases,and external environmental drivers using the structural equation modeling.Results From 2006 to 2020,81,652 local dengue cases and 12,701 imported dengue cases in China were reported.The hotspots of dengue introductions and outbreaks were in southeast and southwest China,originating from South and Southeast Asia.Oversea-imported dengue cases,as the Granger-cause,were the initial driver of the dengue dynamic;the suitable local bio-socioecological environment is the fundamental factor for dengue epidemics.The Bio8[odds ratio(OR)=2.11,95%confidence interval(CI):1.67–2.68],Bio9(OR=291.62,95%CI:125.63–676.89),Bio15(OR=4.15,95%CI:3.30–5.24),normalized difference vegetation index in March(OR=1.27,95%CI:1.06–1.51)and July(OR=1.04,95%CI:1.00–1.07),and the imported cases are the major drivers of dengue local transmissions(OR=4.79,95%CI:4.34–5.28).The intermediary effect of an index on population and economic development to local cases via the path of imported cases was detected in the dengue dynamic system.Conclusions Dengue outbreaks in China are triggered by introductions of imported cases and boosted by landscape features and connectivity.Our research will contribute to developing nature-based solutions for dengue surveillance,mitigation,and control from a socio-ecological perspective based on invasion ecology theories to control and prevent future dengue invasion and localization.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos. 91855207 and 41688103)the Strategic Priority Research Program (A) of the Chinese Academy of Sciences (Grant No. XDA20070302)the independent project of the State Key Laboratory of the Lithospheric Evolution, IGGCAS (Grant No. SKLZ201704-11712180)
文摘Plate tectonics describes the horizontal motions of lithospheric plates,the Earths outer shell,and interactions among them across the Earths surface.Since the establishment of the theory of plate tectonics about half a century ago,considerable debates have remained regarding the driving forces for plate motion.The early"Bottom up"view,i.e.,the convecting mantledriven mechanism,states that mantle plumes originating from the core-mantle boundary act at the base of plates,accelerating continental breakup and driving plate motion.Toward the present,however,the"Top down"idea is more widely accepted,according to which the negative buoyancy of oceanic plates is the dominant driving force for plate motion,and the subducting slabs control surface tectonics and mantle convection.In this regard,plate tectonics is also known as subduction tectonics."Top down"tectonics has received wide supports from numerous geological and geophysical observations.On the other hand,recent studies indicate that the acceleration/deceleration of individual plates over the million-year timescale may reflect the effects of mantle plumes.It is also suggested that surface uplift and subsidence within stable cratonic areas are correlated with plumerelated magmatic activities over the hundred-million-year timescale.On the global scale,the cyclical supercontinent assembly and breakup seem to be coupled with superplume activities during the past two billion years.These correlations over various spatial and temporal scales indicate the close relationship and intensive interactions between plate tectonics and plume tectonics throughout the history of the Earth and the considerable influence of plumes on plate motion.Indeed,we can acquire a comprehensive understanding of the driving forces for plate motion and operation mechanism of the Earth's dynamic system only through joint analyses and integrated studies on plate tectonics and plume tectonics.
基金This research was supported by the National Key R&D Program of China(No.2016YFC0500401)the Strategic Priority Research Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(XDA23070103).
文摘Background:Wetland loss is a global concern due to its enormous ecosystem services.Marshland,a typical natural wetland,which is concentrated in the Sanjiang Plain,has undergone dramatic loss in the last several decades.The spatiotemporal changes in marshland were studied based on Landsat images of the Sanjiang Plain from 1980 to 2016 with the land use maps in 1980,1995,2000,2005,2010,and 2016 using land use dynamic degree and landscape indices.The driving forces of marshland loss,including biophysical factors,socio-economic factors,and land management,were analyzed with boosted regression trees(BRTs)methods.Results:The area of marshland loss was 7372 km^(2),which accounted for 65.7%of the area of marshland in 1980;however,the paddy field area was expanded by 22,313 km^(2).The lost marshland was mainly converted to dry farmland(47.5%)and paddy field(47.2%)during 1980-2016.Both the landscape pattern of the study area and marshland became increasingly fragmented.The relatively important factors responsible for marshland loss were biophysical factors,socio-economic factors,and land management,which accounted for 65.2%,25.5%,and 8.4%,respectively.The most important driving forces with high“relative influence”were“distance to river,”which accounted for 20.6%of the total variance explained.The“relative influence”of potential crop yield and ditch density reached 20.2%and 8.4%,respectively.Conclusion:Significant land use changes have occurred in the Sanjiang Plain over the past 37 years,with characteristics of rapid paddy field expansion and drastic marshland loss.Meanwhile,marshland fragmentation continued to increase.Reclamation was the main reason for the large-scale marshland loss.Biophysical factors influenced the decisions regarding the locations of marshland loss.Moreover,climate factors(i.e.,average annual precipitation and average annual temperature)also played an important role in marshland loss.These results can provide helpful knowledge for understanding the patterns and reasons for marshland loss and protecting and managing strategies for wetlands restoration.
基金This work was supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(Grant No.2016YFC0401401)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.51739011&51879274)the Research Fund of the State Key Laboratory of Simulation and Regulation of Water Cycle in River Basin(Grant No.2017ZY02)。
文摘In recent years,urbanization has accelerated and the gap between urban water supply and demand has become more significant.This phenomenon has led to greater demands on urban water resource management. Thus,analyses of the forces that drive urban water demand growth can help efficient management of urban water resources. "Jing-Jin-Ji" refers to the district composed of Beijing and Tianjin,municipality as well as Hebei Province,which is among the political and economic centers of China. The traditional analysis of driving force for water resources often consider cities as independent individuals and ignores the interaction between them. Such method cannot describe the spatial distribution of regional water demand. In this study,the water demand field theory is used to construct water demand and social development fields for the Jing-Jin-Ji district with relevant indicators. The distribution trends of the two fields,and the correlation of their intensities,are then analyzed. Principal component analysis is used to specifically determine the forces that drive water demand at different stages of development.Results indicate that the water demand field theory can accurately describe spatial variations in water demand intensity in the study area. The main driving force for water demand in the Jing-Jin-Ji district from 2000 to 2014 is the growth of urban population. However,in 2015 and 2016,"GDP of the tertiary industry" overtook it. The results of this study can serve as a basis for regional water demand forecasting,with large potential to be applied to urban water resource management.
基金Under the auspices of National Key R&D Program of China(No.2021YFD1500104-4)National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.42171407,42077242)+1 种基金Natural Science Foundation of Jilin Province(No.20210101098JC)Special Investigation on Basic Science and Technology Resources(No.2021FY100406)。
文摘Cultivated land is an important natural resource to ensure food,ecological and economic security.The cultivated land quality evaluation(CQE)is greatly significant for protecting and managing cultivated land.In this study,320 counties in the black soil region of Northeast China(BSRNC)represent the research units used to construct the CQE system measuring the soil properties(SP),cultivated land productivity(CLP),ecological environment(EE)and social economy(SE).The total of 19 factors were selected to calculate the integrated fertility index(IFI)and divided into grades.Simultaneously,we used the coupling coordination degree model to comprehensively analyze the spatial pattern of the cultivated land quality(CLQ)in the BSRNC,and use the structural equation model(SEM)to analyze the driving mechanism.The results show the following:1)The CLQ of 262 counties in the BSRNC is in a state of coupling and coordination,and the coupling and coordination degree presents a spatial distribution pattern of‘high in the southwest and northeast,low in the northwest and southeast’.The coordinated development degree of 271 counties is between 0.4 and 0.6,which is in a transitional state between coordination and disorder.2)The CLQ in the BSRNC is generally good,with an average grade of 3.High-quality cultivated land accounts for 58.45%of all counties,middle-and upper-quality cultivated land accounts for 27.05%,and poor-quality cultivated land accounts for 14.49%.3)The SEM analysis shows that the SP,CLP,EE,and SE all influence the CLQ.Among them,the SP has the largest driving force on the CLQ,while the SE has the smallest driving force on it.The results confirm that the main factors affecting the evaluation results are crop productivity level,normalized difference vegetation index,ratio vegetation index,difference vegetation index,and organic carbon content.When implementing protection measures in counties with a low CLQ,considering a balanced coordination of multiple systems and reasonably controlling the quality degradation are important.This study provides the current situation and driving factors of the CLQ in the BSRNC and will play an important role in black soil governance and utilization.
基金supported by the[Department of Science and Technology of Henan Province],under Grant[number 222102320021][Department of Natural Resources of Henan Province]under Grant[number2020-165-10].
文摘Exploring urban land use change is a classical problem in urban geography.Taking Zhengzhou as an example,this paper analyzes the spatial and temporal characteristics and driving factors of urban land use change,and simulates the spatial pattern of urban land use in the future.The results of the study show that the land use types in Zhengzhou city were mainly farmland and construction land,the area of forestland,grassland,water area,and unused land was smaller,and the main land use change was the transformation of farmland into construction land.The accuracy check of the simulated land use type data in 2020 showed that the kappa coefficient reached 0.9445,which met the accuracy requirement.Then,according to the predicted land use data in 2025,it was found that the area of grassland,construction land,and water area may have decreased,and the area of farmland,forestland and unused land may have increased.Based on the driving force analysis of land use changes,its prediction results can provide an important reference basis for the formulation and planning of policies related to urban construction.
