The powdery mildew(Erysiphe necator)is a prevalent pathogen hampering grapevine growth in the vineyard.An arsenal of candidate secreted effector proteins(CSEPs)was encoded in the E.necator genome,but it is largely unc...The powdery mildew(Erysiphe necator)is a prevalent pathogen hampering grapevine growth in the vineyard.An arsenal of candidate secreted effector proteins(CSEPs)was encoded in the E.necator genome,but it is largely unclear what role CSEPs plays during the E.necator infection.In the present study,we identified a secreted effector CSEP080 of E.necator,which was located in plant chloroplasts and plasma membrane.Transient expressing CSEP080 promotes plant photosynthesis and inhibits INF1-induced cell death in tobacco leaves.We found that CSEP080 was a necessary effector for the E.necator pathogenicity,which interacted with grapevine chloroplast protein VviB6f(cytochrome b6-f complex iron–sulfur subunit),affecting plant photosynthesis.Transient silencing VviB6f increased the plant hydrogen peroxide production,and the plant resistance to powdery mildew.In addition,CSEP080 manipulated the VviPE(pectinesterase)to promote pectin degradation.Our results demonstrated the molecular mechanisms that an effector of E.necator translocates to host chloroplasts and plasma membrane,which suppresses with the grapevine immunity system by targeting the chloroplast protein VviB6f to suppress hydrogen peroxide accumulation and manipulating VviPE to promote pectin degradation.展开更多
Powdery mildew is a serious disease of wheat in China. As part of ITEC (International Triteace EST cooperation), EST (expressed sequence tags) technique was used to explore the gene expression in leaf induced by Ery...Powdery mildew is a serious disease of wheat in China. As part of ITEC (International Triteace EST cooperation), EST (expressed sequence tags) technique was used to explore the gene expression in leaf induced by Erysiphe graminis DC. A conventional cDNA library was constructed, and a total of 1 500 clones picked randomly from the library were sequenced, three hundred and eighty_seven ESTs of them were unique, which got the Accession Number in GenBank. About 49.4% ESTs showed significant similarity to functions of known sequences in GenBank. There are 196 ESTs' with functions not able to be determined, and eighty_four ESTs were demonstrated to be novel sequences. High_density dot membranes from unique clones were produced, and several disease resistance related genes were screened by differential hybridization.展开更多
郑儒永、余永年等(1987)在《中国真菌志第一卷白粉菌目》一书中对我国的白粉菌目22属、253种和变种的形态、分布及寄主进行了系统的评述。本文仅就我们1986及1988年从江苏南京和安徽滁州采得的8种白粉菌作一简要报道,其中有7种白粉菌以...郑儒永、余永年等(1987)在《中国真菌志第一卷白粉菌目》一书中对我国的白粉菌目22属、253种和变种的形态、分布及寄主进行了系统的评述。本文仅就我们1986及1988年从江苏南京和安徽滁州采得的8种白粉菌作一简要报道,其中有7种白粉菌以往在该地区未见报道。并有4种国内寄主新记录。1.球钩丝壳[Bulbouncinula bulbosa (Tai et Wei)Zheng et Chen],国内地区新分布.寄主植物:栾树(Koelreuteria paniculata Laxm.),南京,(88053).球钩丝壳属(Bulbouncinula Zheng et Chen)是郑儒永、陈桂清(1979)建立的一个单种属,以往仅在浙江杭州采到一次标本,南京是第二次采到该属(种)标本的地区。2.菊科白粉菌(Erysiphe cichoracearum DC.),国内地区新分布。展开更多
Powdery mildew, caused by Erysiphe pisi D.C., is a major constraint to pea production worldwide. The pea cultivar Xucai 1 has shown high resistance to E. pisi under greenhouse and field conditions. The objectives of t...Powdery mildew, caused by Erysiphe pisi D.C., is a major constraint to pea production worldwide. The pea cultivar Xucai 1 has shown high resistance to E. pisi under greenhouse and field conditions. The objectives of this study were to identify and characterize genes conferring resistance to powdery mildew in Xucai 1. Three crosses, Qizhen 76 × Xucai 1,Bawan 6 × Xucai 1, and Xucai 1 × Bawan 6, were made to generate populations for genetic analysis. The resistance to E. pisi and segregation ratios in the F_1, F_2, and F_(2:3)populations suggested a single recessive gene conferring the resistance of Xucai 1. Bulked segregant analysis was used to map the resistance gene using two F2 populations. The resistance gene was close to markers AD60 and c5 DNAmet on linkage group VI with genetic distances of9.9 c M and 15.4 c M in the Xucai 1 × Bawan 6 F_2 population and 8.7 c M and 8.1 c M in the Qizhen 76 × Xucai 1 F_2 population, respectively, suggesting that the resistance gene was an er1 allele. This hypothesis was confirmed by comparison of the c DNA sequences of the Ps MLO1 gene between the parents and the Ps MLO1 wild type. Three distinct types of transcripts in Xucai 1, characterized by a 129-bp deletion and 155- and 220-bp insertions,were detected, consistent with the structure of the er1-2 allele. We concluded that resistance in Xucai 1 was conferred by er1-2 and that its linked markers will be useful in pea breeding programs.展开更多
Powdery mildew, caused by Erysiphe pisi D.C., is an important disease of pea(Pisum sativum L.).The use of cultivars carrying powdery mildew resistance alleles at the er1 locus is the most effective and economical mean...Powdery mildew, caused by Erysiphe pisi D.C., is an important disease of pea(Pisum sativum L.).The use of cultivars carrying powdery mildew resistance alleles at the er1 locus is the most effective and economical means of controlling this disease. The objectives of this study were to screen Chinese elite pea cultivars for resistance to E. pisi and to identify the responsible gene at the er1 locus. Among the 37 pea cultivars tested, three(Yunwan 8, Yunwan 21, and Yunwan 23) were immune to E. pisi infection in phenotypic evaluations. The full-length cD NA sequences of the er1 candidate gene, PsM LO1, from the three resistant cultivars and control plants were analyzed. Comparison of the cD NA sequences of 10 clones revealed differences among the powdery mildew-resistant cultivars, susceptible controls, and wild-type cultivar Sprinter. The observed resistance in Yunwan 8 plants resulted from a point mutation(C → G) at position 680 of PsM LO1 that introduced a stop codon, leading to premature termination of protein synthesis. The responsible resistance allele was identified as er1–1. Powdery mildew resistance in Yunwan 21 and Yunwan 23 plants was caused by identical insertions or deletions in PsM LO1. Three distinct PsM LO1 transcripts were observed in Yunwan 21 and Yunwan 23 plants. These transcripts were characterized by a129-bp deletion and 155- and 220-bp insertions, respectively. The responsible resistance allele was identified as er1–2. We have characterized two important er1 alleles in three E. pisi-resistant pea cultivars bred in Yunnan Province, China. These cultivars represent important genetic resources for the breeding of powdery mildew-resistant pea cultivars.展开更多
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.31972986,32272670)the Key Research and Development Program of Shaanxi province(2023-YBNY-059).
文摘The powdery mildew(Erysiphe necator)is a prevalent pathogen hampering grapevine growth in the vineyard.An arsenal of candidate secreted effector proteins(CSEPs)was encoded in the E.necator genome,but it is largely unclear what role CSEPs plays during the E.necator infection.In the present study,we identified a secreted effector CSEP080 of E.necator,which was located in plant chloroplasts and plasma membrane.Transient expressing CSEP080 promotes plant photosynthesis and inhibits INF1-induced cell death in tobacco leaves.We found that CSEP080 was a necessary effector for the E.necator pathogenicity,which interacted with grapevine chloroplast protein VviB6f(cytochrome b6-f complex iron–sulfur subunit),affecting plant photosynthesis.Transient silencing VviB6f increased the plant hydrogen peroxide production,and the plant resistance to powdery mildew.In addition,CSEP080 manipulated the VviPE(pectinesterase)to promote pectin degradation.Our results demonstrated the molecular mechanisms that an effector of E.necator translocates to host chloroplasts and plasma membrane,which suppresses with the grapevine immunity system by targeting the chloroplast protein VviB6f to suppress hydrogen peroxide accumulation and manipulating VviPE to promote pectin degradation.
文摘Powdery mildew is a serious disease of wheat in China. As part of ITEC (International Triteace EST cooperation), EST (expressed sequence tags) technique was used to explore the gene expression in leaf induced by Erysiphe graminis DC. A conventional cDNA library was constructed, and a total of 1 500 clones picked randomly from the library were sequenced, three hundred and eighty_seven ESTs of them were unique, which got the Accession Number in GenBank. About 49.4% ESTs showed significant similarity to functions of known sequences in GenBank. There are 196 ESTs' with functions not able to be determined, and eighty_four ESTs were demonstrated to be novel sequences. High_density dot membranes from unique clones were produced, and several disease resistance related genes were screened by differential hybridization.
文摘郑儒永、余永年等(1987)在《中国真菌志第一卷白粉菌目》一书中对我国的白粉菌目22属、253种和变种的形态、分布及寄主进行了系统的评述。本文仅就我们1986及1988年从江苏南京和安徽滁州采得的8种白粉菌作一简要报道,其中有7种白粉菌以往在该地区未见报道。并有4种国内寄主新记录。1.球钩丝壳[Bulbouncinula bulbosa (Tai et Wei)Zheng et Chen],国内地区新分布.寄主植物:栾树(Koelreuteria paniculata Laxm.),南京,(88053).球钩丝壳属(Bulbouncinula Zheng et Chen)是郑儒永、陈桂清(1979)建立的一个单种属,以往仅在浙江杭州采到一次标本,南京是第二次采到该属(种)标本的地区。2.菊科白粉菌(Erysiphe cichoracearum DC.),国内地区新分布。
基金supported by the Modern Agro-industry Technology Research System(CARS-09)the Crop Germplasm Conservation and Utilization Program(2014NWB030-14)from the Ministry of Agriculture of Chinathe Scientific Innovation Program of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences
文摘Powdery mildew, caused by Erysiphe pisi D.C., is a major constraint to pea production worldwide. The pea cultivar Xucai 1 has shown high resistance to E. pisi under greenhouse and field conditions. The objectives of this study were to identify and characterize genes conferring resistance to powdery mildew in Xucai 1. Three crosses, Qizhen 76 × Xucai 1,Bawan 6 × Xucai 1, and Xucai 1 × Bawan 6, were made to generate populations for genetic analysis. The resistance to E. pisi and segregation ratios in the F_1, F_2, and F_(2:3)populations suggested a single recessive gene conferring the resistance of Xucai 1. Bulked segregant analysis was used to map the resistance gene using two F2 populations. The resistance gene was close to markers AD60 and c5 DNAmet on linkage group VI with genetic distances of9.9 c M and 15.4 c M in the Xucai 1 × Bawan 6 F_2 population and 8.7 c M and 8.1 c M in the Qizhen 76 × Xucai 1 F_2 population, respectively, suggesting that the resistance gene was an er1 allele. This hypothesis was confirmed by comparison of the c DNA sequences of the Ps MLO1 gene between the parents and the Ps MLO1 wild type. Three distinct types of transcripts in Xucai 1, characterized by a 129-bp deletion and 155- and 220-bp insertions,were detected, consistent with the structure of the er1-2 allele. We concluded that resistance in Xucai 1 was conferred by er1-2 and that its linked markers will be useful in pea breeding programs.
基金supported by the China Agriculture Research System (CARS-09)the Agricultural Science and Technology Program for Innovation Team on Identification and Excavation of Elite Crop Germplasm from Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS)+1 种基金the Special Fund for Agro-scientific Research in the Public Interest (1610092015002-01) from the Institute of Crop Science, CAASthe Fund (2013BB010) from Science and Technology Department of Yunnan Province
文摘Powdery mildew, caused by Erysiphe pisi D.C., is an important disease of pea(Pisum sativum L.).The use of cultivars carrying powdery mildew resistance alleles at the er1 locus is the most effective and economical means of controlling this disease. The objectives of this study were to screen Chinese elite pea cultivars for resistance to E. pisi and to identify the responsible gene at the er1 locus. Among the 37 pea cultivars tested, three(Yunwan 8, Yunwan 21, and Yunwan 23) were immune to E. pisi infection in phenotypic evaluations. The full-length cD NA sequences of the er1 candidate gene, PsM LO1, from the three resistant cultivars and control plants were analyzed. Comparison of the cD NA sequences of 10 clones revealed differences among the powdery mildew-resistant cultivars, susceptible controls, and wild-type cultivar Sprinter. The observed resistance in Yunwan 8 plants resulted from a point mutation(C → G) at position 680 of PsM LO1 that introduced a stop codon, leading to premature termination of protein synthesis. The responsible resistance allele was identified as er1–1. Powdery mildew resistance in Yunwan 21 and Yunwan 23 plants was caused by identical insertions or deletions in PsM LO1. Three distinct PsM LO1 transcripts were observed in Yunwan 21 and Yunwan 23 plants. These transcripts were characterized by a129-bp deletion and 155- and 220-bp insertions, respectively. The responsible resistance allele was identified as er1–2. We have characterized two important er1 alleles in three E. pisi-resistant pea cultivars bred in Yunnan Province, China. These cultivars represent important genetic resources for the breeding of powdery mildew-resistant pea cultivars.
