Background:Traditional Chinese medicine is promising for managing challenging and complex disorders,including cancer,and in particular,saffron is applied in treating various cancer types.However,its potential therapeu...Background:Traditional Chinese medicine is promising for managing challenging and complex disorders,including cancer,and in particular,saffron is applied in treating various cancer types.However,its potential therapeutic efficacy and active components in managing squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck(HNSCC)remain unclear yet.Methods:Using network pharmacology approaches,active ingredients of saffron,their target genes,and HNSCC-related genes were identified.Enrichment analyses were conducted for determining molecular functions and pathways enriched by genes that overlapped between the saffron target gene set and the HNSCC gene set.Among the four known active ingredients of saffron,crocetin was found to have the strongest inhibitory impact on HNSCC,based on the findings of cell viability and migration assays.Therefore,the potential target genes of crocetin in HNSCC cells were examined using molecular docking experiments and were confirmed by qPCR.Result s:Four active ingredients of saffron and 184 of their target genes were identified.Further,a total of 34 overlapping saffron-/HNSCC-associated targets related to the four active ingredients were screened,and crocetin was chosen for further investigation because it had the strongest inhibitory effect on HNSCC cells.Molecular docking experiments indicated that ESR1 and CCND1 were the target genes of crocetin.These results were confirmed through qPCR analysis,in which crocetin was found to lower the expression of the ESR1 and CCND1 genes in AMC-HN-8 and FaDu cells.Conclusion:According to our results,crocetin is a primary active anti-cancer component of saffron that may have potential in the development of novel HNSCC-treating medications.However,more thorough molecular research is necessary for confirming these results and elucidating the anti-cancer mechanism underlying saffron.展开更多
This study aims to explore the potential of ESR1 as a biomarker in breast cancer(BRCA)using bioinformatics analysis tools.The up-regulation of ESR1 expression in BRCA was investigated using UALCAN and GEPIA2,illustrat...This study aims to explore the potential of ESR1 as a biomarker in breast cancer(BRCA)using bioinformatics analysis tools.The up-regulation of ESR1 expression in BRCA was investigated using UALCAN and GEPIA2,illustrating its role in BRCA progression.Furthermore,analyses based on various variables such as gender,age,race,and pathological stages of BRCA patients revealed a consistent up-regulation of ESR1,emphasizing its role in the development and progression of BRCA.Additionally,an analysis of ESR1 promoter methylation levels across various parameters revealed hypomethylation,affirming the inverse correlation between methylation and ESR1 expression.Prognostic analysis further indicated that overexpression of ESR1 is associated with poor overall survival,highlighting its potential as a prognostic biomarker in BRCA.Moreover,genetic mutation analysis using cBioPortal disclosed a minor role of ESR1 genetic mutations in BRCA,with only 2.5%of genetic alterations observed.The STRING and DAVID tools were utilized to conduct pathway enrichment analysis,revealing diverse biological functions of ESR1 and its 10 interconnected genes.Altogether,these results underscore the significance of understanding ESR1 up-regulation in BRCA and demonstrate its potential as a therapeutic,diagnostic,and prognostic biomarker.展开更多
1文献来源Schiavon G,Hrebien S,Garcia-Murillas I,et al.Analysis of ESR1 mutation in circulating tumor DNAdemonstrates evolution during therapy for metastatic breast cancer[J].Sci Transl Med,2015,7（313）：313ra182.2证...1文献来源Schiavon G,Hrebien S,Garcia-Murillas I,et al.Analysis of ESR1 mutation in circulating tumor DNAdemonstrates evolution during therapy for metastatic breast cancer[J].Sci Transl Med,2015,7（313）：313ra182.2证据水平，展开更多
基金the Taishan Scholar Project(No.ts20190991)the Key R&D Project of Shandong Province(2022CXPT023)。
文摘Background:Traditional Chinese medicine is promising for managing challenging and complex disorders,including cancer,and in particular,saffron is applied in treating various cancer types.However,its potential therapeutic efficacy and active components in managing squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck(HNSCC)remain unclear yet.Methods:Using network pharmacology approaches,active ingredients of saffron,their target genes,and HNSCC-related genes were identified.Enrichment analyses were conducted for determining molecular functions and pathways enriched by genes that overlapped between the saffron target gene set and the HNSCC gene set.Among the four known active ingredients of saffron,crocetin was found to have the strongest inhibitory impact on HNSCC,based on the findings of cell viability and migration assays.Therefore,the potential target genes of crocetin in HNSCC cells were examined using molecular docking experiments and were confirmed by qPCR.Result s:Four active ingredients of saffron and 184 of their target genes were identified.Further,a total of 34 overlapping saffron-/HNSCC-associated targets related to the four active ingredients were screened,and crocetin was chosen for further investigation because it had the strongest inhibitory effect on HNSCC cells.Molecular docking experiments indicated that ESR1 and CCND1 were the target genes of crocetin.These results were confirmed through qPCR analysis,in which crocetin was found to lower the expression of the ESR1 and CCND1 genes in AMC-HN-8 and FaDu cells.Conclusion:According to our results,crocetin is a primary active anti-cancer component of saffron that may have potential in the development of novel HNSCC-treating medications.However,more thorough molecular research is necessary for confirming these results and elucidating the anti-cancer mechanism underlying saffron.
文摘This study aims to explore the potential of ESR1 as a biomarker in breast cancer(BRCA)using bioinformatics analysis tools.The up-regulation of ESR1 expression in BRCA was investigated using UALCAN and GEPIA2,illustrating its role in BRCA progression.Furthermore,analyses based on various variables such as gender,age,race,and pathological stages of BRCA patients revealed a consistent up-regulation of ESR1,emphasizing its role in the development and progression of BRCA.Additionally,an analysis of ESR1 promoter methylation levels across various parameters revealed hypomethylation,affirming the inverse correlation between methylation and ESR1 expression.Prognostic analysis further indicated that overexpression of ESR1 is associated with poor overall survival,highlighting its potential as a prognostic biomarker in BRCA.Moreover,genetic mutation analysis using cBioPortal disclosed a minor role of ESR1 genetic mutations in BRCA,with only 2.5%of genetic alterations observed.The STRING and DAVID tools were utilized to conduct pathway enrichment analysis,revealing diverse biological functions of ESR1 and its 10 interconnected genes.Altogether,these results underscore the significance of understanding ESR1 up-regulation in BRCA and demonstrate its potential as a therapeutic,diagnostic,and prognostic biomarker.
文摘1文献来源Schiavon G,Hrebien S,Garcia-Murillas I,et al.Analysis of ESR1 mutation in circulating tumor DNAdemonstrates evolution during therapy for metastatic breast cancer[J].Sci Transl Med,2015,7（313）：313ra182.2证据水平，
