Objective: To evaluate the role of prevention and control strategies for nosocomial infection in a tertiary teaching hospital during the sudden outbreak of Corona Virus Disease 2019 (COVID-19). Methods: The hospital i...Objective: To evaluate the role of prevention and control strategies for nosocomial infection in a tertiary teaching hospital during the sudden outbreak of Corona Virus Disease 2019 (COVID-19). Methods: The hospital initiated an emergency plan involving multi-departmental defense and control. It adopted a series of nosocomial infection prevention and control measures, including strengthening pre-examination and triage, optimizing the consultation process, improving the hospital’s architectural composition, implementing graded risk management, enhancing personal protection, and implementing staff training and supervision. Descriptive research was used to evaluate the short-term effects of these in-hospital prevention and control strategies. The analysis compared changes in related evaluation indicators between January 24, 2020 and February 12, 2020 (Chinese Lunar New Year’s Eve 2020 to lunar January 19) and the corresponding lunar period of the previous year. Results: Compared to the same period last year, the outpatient fever rate increased by 1.85-fold (P P Conclusion: The nosocomial infection prevention and control strategies implemented during this specific period improved the detection and control abilities for the COVID-19 source of infection and enhanced the compliance with measures. This likely contributed significantly to avoiding the occurrence of nosocomial infection.展开更多
As one of the most important part of weapon system of systems(WSoS),quantitative evaluation of reconnaissance satellite system(RSS)is indispensable during its construction and application.Aiming at the problem of nonl...As one of the most important part of weapon system of systems(WSoS),quantitative evaluation of reconnaissance satellite system(RSS)is indispensable during its construction and application.Aiming at the problem of nonlinear effectiveness evaluation under small sample conditions,we propose an evaluation method based on support vector regression(SVR)to effectively address the defects of traditional methods.Considering the performance of SVR is influenced by the penalty factor,kernel type,and other parameters deeply,the improved grey wolf optimizer(IGWO)is employed for parameter optimization.In the proposed IGWO algorithm,the opposition-based learning strategy is adopted to increase the probability of avoiding the local optima,the mutation operator is used to escape from premature convergence and differential convergence factors are applied to increase the rate of convergence.Numerical experiments of 14 test functions validate the applicability of IGWO algorithm dealing with global optimization.The index system and evaluation method are constructed based on the characteristics of RSS.To validate the proposed IGWO-SVR evaluation method,eight benchmark data sets and combat simulation are employed to estimate the evaluation accuracy,convergence performance and computational complexity.According to the experimental results,the proposed method outperforms several prediction based evaluation methods,verifies the superiority and effectiveness in RSS operational effectiveness evaluation.展开更多
Some attributes are uncertain for evaluation work because of incomplete or limited information and knowledge.It leads to uncertainty in evaluation results.To that end,an evaluation method,uncertainty entropy-based exp...Some attributes are uncertain for evaluation work because of incomplete or limited information and knowledge.It leads to uncertainty in evaluation results.To that end,an evaluation method,uncertainty entropy-based exploratory evaluation(UEEE),is proposed to guide the evaluation activities,which can iteratively and gradually reduce uncertainty in evaluation results.Uncertainty entropy(UE)is proposed to measure the extent of uncertainty.First,the belief degree distributions are assumed to characterize the uncertainty in attributes.Then the belief degree distribution of the evaluation result can be calculated by using uncertainty theory.The obtained result is then checked based on UE to see if it could meet the requirements of decision-making.If its uncertainty level is high,more information needs to be introduced to reduce uncertainty.An algorithm based on the UE is proposed to find which attribute can mostly affect the uncertainty in results.Thus,efforts can be invested in key attribute(s),and the evaluation results can be updated accordingly.This update should be repeated until the evaluation result meets the requirements.Finally,as a case study,the effectiveness of ballistic missiles with uncertain attributes is evaluated by UEEE.The evaluation results show that the target is believed to be destroyed.展开更多
The effectiveness evaluation of GEO satellite communication constellation not only characterizes the communication capability of the constellation but also provides a basis for optimizing the constellation structure.W...The effectiveness evaluation of GEO satellite communication constellation not only characterizes the communication capability of the constellation but also provides a basis for optimizing the constellation structure.Whether due to information poverty or the complexity of the system,the impact of uncertain information on the effectiveness evaluation needs to be considered to ensure the accuracy of the evaluation results.To address this issue,this paper develops a model for evaluating the GEO satellite communication constellation’s effectiveness in the context of poor information.Firstly,it analyses the GEO satellite communication constellation plus system based on communication links with an in-depth analysis of the constellation structure.Secondly,an equivalent transfer function algorithm based on the characteristic function and transfer probability is proposed with the help of graphical evaluation and review technique.Then,by analyzing the communication link importance connotation,the algorithm formula of communication link effectiveness and its importance is derived,and the constellation effectiveness and variance are found.Finally,the model constructed in this paper is used to evaluate the effectiveness of a GEO satellite communication constellation,further verifying the accuracy and validity of the model.Through comparative analysis,it is shown that the model can not only solving the effectiveness of the constellation but also analyzing the variation of its effectiveness.It lays a theoretical foundation for the analysis and optimization of the GEO satellite communication constellation effectiveness.展开更多
To address the issue of rule premise combination explosion in the construction of the traditional complete conjunctive belief rule base(BRB),this paper introduces an orthogonal design method to reduce the conjunctive ...To address the issue of rule premise combination explosion in the construction of the traditional complete conjunctive belief rule base(BRB),this paper introduces an orthogonal design method to reduce the conjunctive BRB.The reasoning method based on reduced conjunctive BRB is designed with the help of the conversion technology from conjunctive BRB to disjunctive BRB.Finally,the operational mission effectiveness evaluation is taken as an example to verify the proposed method.The results show that the method proposed in this paper is feasible and effective.展开更多
Background: Heat stroke(HS) is a serious, life-threatening disease. However, there is no scoring system for HS so far. This research is to establish a scoring system that can quantitatively assess the severity of exer...Background: Heat stroke(HS) is a serious, life-threatening disease. However, there is no scoring system for HS so far. This research is to establish a scoring system that can quantitatively assess the severity of exertional heat stroke(EHS).Methods: Data were collected from a total of 170 exertional heat stroke(EHS) patients between 2005 and 2016 from 52 hospitals in China. Univariate statistical methods and comparison of the area under the receiver operating characteristic(ROC) curve(AUC) were used to screen exertional heat stroke score(EHSS) parameters, including but not limited body temperature(T), Glasgow Coma Scale(GCS) and others. By comparing the sizes of the AUCs of the APACHE II, SOFA and EHSS assessments, the effectiveness of EHSS in evaluating the prognosis of EHS patients was verified.Results: Through screening with a series of methods, as described above, the present study determined 12 parameters – body temperature(T), GCS, p H, lactate(Lac), platelet count(PLT), prothrombin time(PT), fibrinogen(Fib), troponin I(Tn I), aspartate aminotransferase(AST), total bilirubin(TBIL), creatinine(Cr) and acute gastrointestinal injury(AGI) classification – as EHSS parameters. It is a 0–47 point system designed to reflect increasing severity of heat stroke. Low(EHSS<20) and high scores(EHSS>35) showed 100% survival and 100% mortality, respectively. We found that AUCEHSS>AUCSOFA>AUCAPACHE II.Conclusions: A total of 12 parameters – T, GCS, p H, Lac, PLT, PT, Fib, Tn I, AST, TBIL, Cr and gastrointestinal AGI classification – are the EHSS parameters with the best effectiveness in evaluating the prognosis of EHS patients. As EHSS score increases, the mortality rate of EHS patients gradually increases.展开更多
Equipment systems-of-systems(So S) effectiveness evaluation can provide important reference for construction and optimization of the equipment So S. After discussing the basic theory and methods of parallel experiment...Equipment systems-of-systems(So S) effectiveness evaluation can provide important reference for construction and optimization of the equipment So S. After discussing the basic theory and methods of parallel experiments, we depict an So S effectiveness analysis and evaluation method using parallel experiments theory in detail. A case study is carried out which takes the missile defense system as an example. An artificial system of the missile defense system is constructed with the multi-agent modeling method. Then, single factor, multiple factors and defense position deployment computational experiments are carried out and evaluated with the statistical analysis method. Experiment results show that the altitude of the secondary interception missile is not the key factor which affects So S effectiveness and putting the defense position ahead will increase defense effectiveness. The case study demonstrates the feasibility of the proposed method.展开更多
Regarding the complexity and inconsistency of results in existing evaluation methods of mine cooling system, this paper clarifies the advantages, disadvantages and application of various mine cooling systems through p...Regarding the complexity and inconsistency of results in existing evaluation methods of mine cooling system, this paper clarifies the advantages, disadvantages and application of various mine cooling systems through principle analysis, and divides all the cooling systems into air-cooling, ice-cooling and water-cooling according to the transportation of cold energy. On this basis, the paper proposes a simple and efficient evaluation method for mine cooling system. The first index of this method is the air temperature at point C which is 15 m away from the return wind corner at working face. A cooling system will be judged ineligible if the air temperature at point C is above 30 °C during operation, because in this case, the combustible gases in coal will sharply overflow, inducing gas incidents. Based on the preliminary judgment of the first index, another two evaluation indexes are proposed based on the cooling ability and dehumidification of an airflow volume of 1000 m3/min at point C to evaluate the investment and operation cost of mine cooling system. This evaluation method has already been successfully applied in the cooling system design of Zhangshuanglou coal mine.展开更多
To evaluate the effectiveness of weapon systems, the advantages and disadvantages of grey relational analysis and TOPSIS for multiattribute decision-making is pointed out, and an effectiveness evaluation model of weap...To evaluate the effectiveness of weapon systems, the advantages and disadvantages of grey relational analysis and TOPSIS for multiattribute decision-making is pointed out, and an effectiveness evaluation model of weapon systems by combining grey relational analysis and TOPSIS is proposed. The model aggregates the grey relational grade and the distance to a new integrated closeness and reflects not only the trend but also the situation of the alternative. The example illuminates that the model is effective for the effectiveness evaluation of weapon systems.展开更多
A self-organizing fuzzy clustering neural network by combining the self-organizing Kohonen clustering network with the fuzzy theory is proposed. This network model is designed for the effectiveness evaluation of elect...A self-organizing fuzzy clustering neural network by combining the self-organizing Kohonen clustering network with the fuzzy theory is proposed. This network model is designed for the effectiveness evaluation of electronic countermeasures, which not only exerts the advantages of the fuzzy theory, but also has a good ability in machine learning and data analysis. The subjective value of sample versus class is computed by the fuzzy computing theory, and the classified results obtained by self-organizing learning of Kohonen neural network are represented on output layer. Meanwhile, the fuzzy competition learning algorithm keeps the similar information between samples and overcomes the disadvantages of neural network which has fewer samples. The simulation result indicates that the proposed algorithm is feasible and effective.展开更多
Fecal microbiota transplantation(FMT),also known as fecal bacterial therapy,is a treatment option that can quickly reconstruct the normal composition of intestinal microbes,and it has a good therapeutic effect on Clos...Fecal microbiota transplantation(FMT),also known as fecal bacterial therapy,is a treatment option that can quickly reconstruct the normal composition of intestinal microbes,and it has a good therapeutic effect on Clostridium difficile infection,as well as on other microecological disorders.However,the causal mechanism of FMT efficacy remains to be clarified,its safety is a major problem,and the standardization and acceptability of FMT need to be improved.This review summarizes its current research status and potential research areas that need to be strengthened,and proposes to clarify the safety of FMT and the causal relationship between FMT and therapeutic effectiveness based on germ-free animals.Meanwhile,the research system is combined with multiomics technology to screen the effective bacteria in FMT,and develop standard,safe,effective and controllable flora of FMT.展开更多
Future Airspace Window Shooting is a newly developed technology, which needs effectiveness evaluation before widely used. Future airspace window shooting technology, simulation system development principles and softwa...Future Airspace Window Shooting is a newly developed technology, which needs effectiveness evaluation before widely used. Future airspace window shooting technology, simulation system development principles and software chosen to develop the simulation system are introduced in the first. And then the overall design of the system, realization of the system and effectiveness evaluation through simulation are discussed in detail. Through the simulation, it is known that the FAW shooting has more superior performance when facing maneuvering targets.展开更多
The current situation about the natural forest resources protection project in Haikou Forest Farm of Kunming on the protection of forest resources, forest fire prevention, forest administration resource management, fo...The current situation about the natural forest resources protection project in Haikou Forest Farm of Kunming on the protection of forest resources, forest fire prevention, forest administration resource management, forest pests, and money management was briefed. Achievements made in the implementation of natural forest protection project in Haikou Forest Farm were analyzed, and problems existing in the project as well as corresponding countermeasures were expounded.展开更多
To investigate the application and effectiveness of vascular corrosion technique in preparing fetal cardiovascular cast models, 10 normal fetal heart specimens with other congenital disease(control group) and 18 speci...To investigate the application and effectiveness of vascular corrosion technique in preparing fetal cardiovascular cast models, 10 normal fetal heart specimens with other congenital disease(control group) and 18 specimens with severe congenital heart disease(case group) from induced abortions were enrolled in this study from March 2013 to June 2015 in our hospital. Cast models were prepared by injecting casting material into vascular lumen to demonstrate real geometries of fetal cardiovascular system. Casting effectiveness was analyzed in terms of local anatomic structures and different anatomical levels(including overall level, atrioventricular and great vascular system, left-sided and right-sided heart), as well as different trimesters of pregnancy. In our study, all specimens were successfully casted. Casting effectiveness analysis of local anatomic structures showed a mean score from 1.90±1.45 to 3.60±0.52, without significant differences between case and control groups in most local anatomic structures except left ventricle, which had a higher score in control group(P=0.027). Inter-group comparison of casting effectiveness in different anatomical levels showed no significant differences between the two groups. Intra-group comparison also revealed undifferentiated casting effectiveness between atrioventricular and great vascular system, or left-sided and right-sided heart in corresponding group. Third-trimester group had a significantly higher perfusion score in great vascular system than second-trimester group(P=0.046), while the other anatomical levels displayed no such difference. Vascular corrosion technique can be successfully used in fabrication of fetal cardiovascular cast model. It is also a reliable method to demonstrate three-dimensional anatomy of severe congenital heart disease and normal heart in fetus.展开更多
As weapon system effectiveness is affected by many factors,its evaluation is essentially a multi-criterion decision making problem for its complexity.The evaluation model of the effectiveness is established on the bas...As weapon system effectiveness is affected by many factors,its evaluation is essentially a multi-criterion decision making problem for its complexity.The evaluation model of the effectiveness is established on the basis of metrics architecture of the effectiveness.The Bayesian network,which is used to evaluate the effectiveness,is established based on the metrics architecture and the evaluation models.For getting the weights of the metrics by Bayesian network,subjective initial values of the weights are given,gradient ascent algorithm is adopted,and the reasonable values of the weights are achieved.And then the effectiveness of every weapon system project is gained.The weapon system,whose effectiveness is relative maximum,is the optimization system.The research result shows that this method can solve the problem of AHP method which evaluation results are not compatible to the practice results and overcome the shortcoming of neural network in multilayer and multi-criterion decision.The method offers a new approach for evaluating the effectiveness.展开更多
Objective:To investigate the effectiveness and efficiency of combining levamlodipine besylate and valsartan in the treatment of hypertension.Methods:This study selected 28 patients with hypertension as observation sub...Objective:To investigate the effectiveness and efficiency of combining levamlodipine besylate and valsartan in the treatment of hypertension.Methods:This study selected 28 patients with hypertension as observation subjects.The treatment duration ranged from January 2020 to June 2023.Using the random number table method,patients were divided into two groups.The control group received treatment with valsartan,while the observation group received a combination of valsartan and levamlodipine besylate.Therapeutic effects and safety were compared between the groups,and changes in the patient’s blood pressure and renal function index levels were assessed.Results:The total clinical effective rate of the observation group was significantly higher than that of the control group(P<0.05).The observation group demonstrated better diastolic blood pressure,systolic blood pressure,and renal function indicators compared to the control group(P<0.05).There was no significant difference in the incidence of adverse reactions between the two groups(P>0.05).Conclusion:The combined treatment of levamlodipine besylate and valsartan in patients with hypertension showed significant clinical efficacy and holds broad application value.展开更多
Objective:To evaluate the effect of hysteroscopic electroresection in treating submucosal uterine fibroids.Methods:Using the random number table method,70 patients with submucosal uterine fibroids were divided into tw...Objective:To evaluate the effect of hysteroscopic electroresection in treating submucosal uterine fibroids.Methods:Using the random number table method,70 patients with submucosal uterine fibroids were divided into two groups,35 cases/group.The control group underwent laparoscopic myomectomy,and the observation group underwent hysteroscopic electroresection.Surgical indicators,sex hormone indicators,inflammation indicators,and treatment effects were compared between the two groups.Results:The surgical indicators,sex hormone indicators,and inflammatory indicators three months after operation in the observation group were all more ideal than those of the control group.The total effective rate of the observation group(97.14%)was higher than that of the control group(P<0.05).Conclusion:Hysteroscopic electroresection for the treatment of submucosal uterine fibroids was less invasive,accelerates recovery,and is more effective.展开更多
The laser weapons will play a special role in the future high-tech war.To study the impact of airborne laser weapon on the System-of-System(SoS)effectiveness in cooperative com-bat,this paper proposes an indicator con...The laser weapons will play a special role in the future high-tech war.To study the impact of airborne laser weapon on the System-of-System(SoS)effectiveness in cooperative com-bat,this paper proposes an indicator construction method based on the combination of the weapon capability indicator system and the combat simulation.The indicator system of capability is divided into 4 layers by the bottom-to-up generation mechanism of indicators.It can describe the logical relationship between the indicator layers from a qualitative perspective.Together with the 4 layers capability indicator system,a hierarchical framework of airborne laser weapon is established by the agent-based modeling and simulation.Impact analyses show that the SoS effectiveness improves with the increase of the laser weapon output power,the laser launcher diameter,and the photoelectric sensor pixel.But the SoS effectiveness promotion brought by the photoelectric sensor pixel is limited.The results can be used for the development of tactical airborne laser weapon.展开更多
Fugitive road dust(FRD)contributes a great deal to urban rainwater and air pollution and is commonly controlled by water-sprinkling in most Chinese cities.However,there is a lack of information on its effectiveness.We...Fugitive road dust(FRD)contributes a great deal to urban rainwater and air pollution and is commonly controlled by water-sprinkling in most Chinese cities.However,there is a lack of information on its effectiveness.We used the Testing Re-entrained Aerosol Kinetic Emissions from Roads(TRAKER)method to monitor different types of roads in Baoding city before and within 1 hr after water-sprinkling and obtained the road dirtiness index(a)and PM concentration in the road environment(T^(∗)_(T)),to evaluate the removal efficiency for PM deposited on the road surface(ηa)and the reduction efficiency for the PM concentration in the road environment(ηPM).The results give that theηa for three types of roads is ranked:branch road(87%-–100%)>major arterial road(80%-83%)>minor arterial road(68%-77%),and the ηPM ranked:minor arterial road(70%)>branch road(46%-58%)>major arterial road(37%-53%).Theηa andηPM varied non-linearly with time and presented a quadratic curve.The average effective control time(ηa>0)was 62min on themajor andminor arterial roads,and much longer than 1 hr on branch roads.The ηPM values diminished completely by 72 min on average from the end of sprinkling for the three types of roads.Water-sprinkling can remove PM10 particles from the road surface and reduce their concentration in the road environment more thoroughly than PM2.5.Our findings could be helpful for controlling urban FRD emissions more efficiently and precisely.展开更多
文摘Objective: To evaluate the role of prevention and control strategies for nosocomial infection in a tertiary teaching hospital during the sudden outbreak of Corona Virus Disease 2019 (COVID-19). Methods: The hospital initiated an emergency plan involving multi-departmental defense and control. It adopted a series of nosocomial infection prevention and control measures, including strengthening pre-examination and triage, optimizing the consultation process, improving the hospital’s architectural composition, implementing graded risk management, enhancing personal protection, and implementing staff training and supervision. Descriptive research was used to evaluate the short-term effects of these in-hospital prevention and control strategies. The analysis compared changes in related evaluation indicators between January 24, 2020 and February 12, 2020 (Chinese Lunar New Year’s Eve 2020 to lunar January 19) and the corresponding lunar period of the previous year. Results: Compared to the same period last year, the outpatient fever rate increased by 1.85-fold (P P Conclusion: The nosocomial infection prevention and control strategies implemented during this specific period improved the detection and control abilities for the COVID-19 source of infection and enhanced the compliance with measures. This likely contributed significantly to avoiding the occurrence of nosocomial infection.
基金the National Defense Science and Technology Key Laboratory Fund of China(XM2020XT1023).
文摘As one of the most important part of weapon system of systems(WSoS),quantitative evaluation of reconnaissance satellite system(RSS)is indispensable during its construction and application.Aiming at the problem of nonlinear effectiveness evaluation under small sample conditions,we propose an evaluation method based on support vector regression(SVR)to effectively address the defects of traditional methods.Considering the performance of SVR is influenced by the penalty factor,kernel type,and other parameters deeply,the improved grey wolf optimizer(IGWO)is employed for parameter optimization.In the proposed IGWO algorithm,the opposition-based learning strategy is adopted to increase the probability of avoiding the local optima,the mutation operator is used to escape from premature convergence and differential convergence factors are applied to increase the rate of convergence.Numerical experiments of 14 test functions validate the applicability of IGWO algorithm dealing with global optimization.The index system and evaluation method are constructed based on the characteristics of RSS.To validate the proposed IGWO-SVR evaluation method,eight benchmark data sets and combat simulation are employed to estimate the evaluation accuracy,convergence performance and computational complexity.According to the experimental results,the proposed method outperforms several prediction based evaluation methods,verifies the superiority and effectiveness in RSS operational effectiveness evaluation.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(61872378).
文摘Some attributes are uncertain for evaluation work because of incomplete or limited information and knowledge.It leads to uncertainty in evaluation results.To that end,an evaluation method,uncertainty entropy-based exploratory evaluation(UEEE),is proposed to guide the evaluation activities,which can iteratively and gradually reduce uncertainty in evaluation results.Uncertainty entropy(UE)is proposed to measure the extent of uncertainty.First,the belief degree distributions are assumed to characterize the uncertainty in attributes.Then the belief degree distribution of the evaluation result can be calculated by using uncertainty theory.The obtained result is then checked based on UE to see if it could meet the requirements of decision-making.If its uncertainty level is high,more information needs to be introduced to reduce uncertainty.An algorithm based on the UE is proposed to find which attribute can mostly affect the uncertainty in results.Thus,efforts can be invested in key attribute(s),and the evaluation results can be updated accordingly.This update should be repeated until the evaluation result meets the requirements.Finally,as a case study,the effectiveness of ballistic missiles with uncertain attributes is evaluated by UEEE.The evaluation results show that the target is believed to be destroyed.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant 71671091in part by the Major Project Cultivation Fund and Major Science and Technology Achievements Development Fund of Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics under Grant NP2019104 and NC2019003 respectivelyin part by the National Development and Reform Commission (High-Tech[2017]1069)
文摘The effectiveness evaluation of GEO satellite communication constellation not only characterizes the communication capability of the constellation but also provides a basis for optimizing the constellation structure.Whether due to information poverty or the complexity of the system,the impact of uncertain information on the effectiveness evaluation needs to be considered to ensure the accuracy of the evaluation results.To address this issue,this paper develops a model for evaluating the GEO satellite communication constellation’s effectiveness in the context of poor information.Firstly,it analyses the GEO satellite communication constellation plus system based on communication links with an in-depth analysis of the constellation structure.Secondly,an equivalent transfer function algorithm based on the characteristic function and transfer probability is proposed with the help of graphical evaluation and review technique.Then,by analyzing the communication link importance connotation,the algorithm formula of communication link effectiveness and its importance is derived,and the constellation effectiveness and variance are found.Finally,the model constructed in this paper is used to evaluate the effectiveness of a GEO satellite communication constellation,further verifying the accuracy and validity of the model.Through comparative analysis,it is shown that the model can not only solving the effectiveness of the constellation but also analyzing the variation of its effectiveness.It lays a theoretical foundation for the analysis and optimization of the GEO satellite communication constellation effectiveness.
基金supported by the Military Scientific Research Program(41401020301).
文摘To address the issue of rule premise combination explosion in the construction of the traditional complete conjunctive belief rule base(BRB),this paper introduces an orthogonal design method to reduce the conjunctive BRB.The reasoning method based on reduced conjunctive BRB is designed with the help of the conversion technology from conjunctive BRB to disjunctive BRB.Finally,the operational mission effectiveness evaluation is taken as an example to verify the proposed method.The results show that the method proposed in this paper is feasible and effective.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (81671966)the Beijing Natural Science Foundation (7182155)+2 种基金the Application Research and Achievement Extension of Clinical Characteristics in Chinese Capital Foundation (Z171100001017160)the Cultivation Program for Military Medical Science and Technology Youth-Growth Project (16QNP139)the Clinical Research Support Foundation of Chinese PLA General Hospital (2015FC-ZHCG-1002)。
文摘Background: Heat stroke(HS) is a serious, life-threatening disease. However, there is no scoring system for HS so far. This research is to establish a scoring system that can quantitatively assess the severity of exertional heat stroke(EHS).Methods: Data were collected from a total of 170 exertional heat stroke(EHS) patients between 2005 and 2016 from 52 hospitals in China. Univariate statistical methods and comparison of the area under the receiver operating characteristic(ROC) curve(AUC) were used to screen exertional heat stroke score(EHSS) parameters, including but not limited body temperature(T), Glasgow Coma Scale(GCS) and others. By comparing the sizes of the AUCs of the APACHE II, SOFA and EHSS assessments, the effectiveness of EHSS in evaluating the prognosis of EHS patients was verified.Results: Through screening with a series of methods, as described above, the present study determined 12 parameters – body temperature(T), GCS, p H, lactate(Lac), platelet count(PLT), prothrombin time(PT), fibrinogen(Fib), troponin I(Tn I), aspartate aminotransferase(AST), total bilirubin(TBIL), creatinine(Cr) and acute gastrointestinal injury(AGI) classification – as EHSS parameters. It is a 0–47 point system designed to reflect increasing severity of heat stroke. Low(EHSS<20) and high scores(EHSS>35) showed 100% survival and 100% mortality, respectively. We found that AUCEHSS>AUCSOFA>AUCAPACHE II.Conclusions: A total of 12 parameters – T, GCS, p H, Lac, PLT, PT, Fib, Tn I, AST, TBIL, Cr and gastrointestinal AGI classification – are the EHSS parameters with the best effectiveness in evaluating the prognosis of EHS patients. As EHSS score increases, the mortality rate of EHS patients gradually increases.
文摘Equipment systems-of-systems(So S) effectiveness evaluation can provide important reference for construction and optimization of the equipment So S. After discussing the basic theory and methods of parallel experiments, we depict an So S effectiveness analysis and evaluation method using parallel experiments theory in detail. A case study is carried out which takes the missile defense system as an example. An artificial system of the missile defense system is constructed with the multi-agent modeling method. Then, single factor, multiple factors and defense position deployment computational experiments are carried out and evaluated with the statistical analysis method. Experiment results show that the altitude of the secondary interception missile is not the key factor which affects So S effectiveness and putting the defense position ahead will increase defense effectiveness. The case study demonstrates the feasibility of the proposed method.
基金supported by the key project of National Natural Science Foundation ‘‘Deep Heat Governance and Utilization’’ (Nos.51134005 and 41402273)the Doctoral Fund of Ministry of Education (No. 20130023110021)
文摘Regarding the complexity and inconsistency of results in existing evaluation methods of mine cooling system, this paper clarifies the advantages, disadvantages and application of various mine cooling systems through principle analysis, and divides all the cooling systems into air-cooling, ice-cooling and water-cooling according to the transportation of cold energy. On this basis, the paper proposes a simple and efficient evaluation method for mine cooling system. The first index of this method is the air temperature at point C which is 15 m away from the return wind corner at working face. A cooling system will be judged ineligible if the air temperature at point C is above 30 °C during operation, because in this case, the combustible gases in coal will sharply overflow, inducing gas incidents. Based on the preliminary judgment of the first index, another two evaluation indexes are proposed based on the cooling ability and dehumidification of an airflow volume of 1000 m3/min at point C to evaluate the investment and operation cost of mine cooling system. This evaluation method has already been successfully applied in the cooling system design of Zhangshuanglou coal mine.
文摘To evaluate the effectiveness of weapon systems, the advantages and disadvantages of grey relational analysis and TOPSIS for multiattribute decision-making is pointed out, and an effectiveness evaluation model of weapon systems by combining grey relational analysis and TOPSIS is proposed. The model aggregates the grey relational grade and the distance to a new integrated closeness and reflects not only the trend but also the situation of the alternative. The example illuminates that the model is effective for the effectiveness evaluation of weapon systems.
文摘A self-organizing fuzzy clustering neural network by combining the self-organizing Kohonen clustering network with the fuzzy theory is proposed. This network model is designed for the effectiveness evaluation of electronic countermeasures, which not only exerts the advantages of the fuzzy theory, but also has a good ability in machine learning and data analysis. The subjective value of sample versus class is computed by the fuzzy computing theory, and the classified results obtained by self-organizing learning of Kohonen neural network are represented on output layer. Meanwhile, the fuzzy competition learning algorithm keeps the similar information between samples and overcomes the disadvantages of neural network which has fewer samples. The simulation result indicates that the proposed algorithm is feasible and effective.
文摘Fecal microbiota transplantation(FMT),also known as fecal bacterial therapy,is a treatment option that can quickly reconstruct the normal composition of intestinal microbes,and it has a good therapeutic effect on Clostridium difficile infection,as well as on other microecological disorders.However,the causal mechanism of FMT efficacy remains to be clarified,its safety is a major problem,and the standardization and acceptability of FMT need to be improved.This review summarizes its current research status and potential research areas that need to be strengthened,and proposes to clarify the safety of FMT and the causal relationship between FMT and therapeutic effectiveness based on germ-free animals.Meanwhile,the research system is combined with multiomics technology to screen the effective bacteria in FMT,and develop standard,safe,effective and controllable flora of FMT.
文摘Future Airspace Window Shooting is a newly developed technology, which needs effectiveness evaluation before widely used. Future airspace window shooting technology, simulation system development principles and software chosen to develop the simulation system are introduced in the first. And then the overall design of the system, realization of the system and effectiveness evaluation through simulation are discussed in detail. Through the simulation, it is known that the FAW shooting has more superior performance when facing maneuvering targets.
基金Sponsored by Science and Technology Projects of Kunming(2015-1-S-00643)
文摘The current situation about the natural forest resources protection project in Haikou Forest Farm of Kunming on the protection of forest resources, forest fire prevention, forest administration resource management, forest pests, and money management was briefed. Achievements made in the implementation of natural forest protection project in Haikou Forest Farm were analyzed, and problems existing in the project as well as corresponding countermeasures were expounded.
基金supported by grants from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.81530056 and No.81501494)Hubei Province Health and Family Planning Scientific Research Project(No.WJ2015MB016)Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory of Molecular Imaging Foundation,China(No.02.03.2014-29)
文摘To investigate the application and effectiveness of vascular corrosion technique in preparing fetal cardiovascular cast models, 10 normal fetal heart specimens with other congenital disease(control group) and 18 specimens with severe congenital heart disease(case group) from induced abortions were enrolled in this study from March 2013 to June 2015 in our hospital. Cast models were prepared by injecting casting material into vascular lumen to demonstrate real geometries of fetal cardiovascular system. Casting effectiveness was analyzed in terms of local anatomic structures and different anatomical levels(including overall level, atrioventricular and great vascular system, left-sided and right-sided heart), as well as different trimesters of pregnancy. In our study, all specimens were successfully casted. Casting effectiveness analysis of local anatomic structures showed a mean score from 1.90±1.45 to 3.60±0.52, without significant differences between case and control groups in most local anatomic structures except left ventricle, which had a higher score in control group(P=0.027). Inter-group comparison of casting effectiveness in different anatomical levels showed no significant differences between the two groups. Intra-group comparison also revealed undifferentiated casting effectiveness between atrioventricular and great vascular system, or left-sided and right-sided heart in corresponding group. Third-trimester group had a significantly higher perfusion score in great vascular system than second-trimester group(P=0.046), while the other anatomical levels displayed no such difference. Vascular corrosion technique can be successfully used in fabrication of fetal cardiovascular cast model. It is also a reliable method to demonstrate three-dimensional anatomy of severe congenital heart disease and normal heart in fetus.
文摘As weapon system effectiveness is affected by many factors,its evaluation is essentially a multi-criterion decision making problem for its complexity.The evaluation model of the effectiveness is established on the basis of metrics architecture of the effectiveness.The Bayesian network,which is used to evaluate the effectiveness,is established based on the metrics architecture and the evaluation models.For getting the weights of the metrics by Bayesian network,subjective initial values of the weights are given,gradient ascent algorithm is adopted,and the reasonable values of the weights are achieved.And then the effectiveness of every weapon system project is gained.The weapon system,whose effectiveness is relative maximum,is the optimization system.The research result shows that this method can solve the problem of AHP method which evaluation results are not compatible to the practice results and overcome the shortcoming of neural network in multilayer and multi-criterion decision.The method offers a new approach for evaluating the effectiveness.
文摘Objective:To investigate the effectiveness and efficiency of combining levamlodipine besylate and valsartan in the treatment of hypertension.Methods:This study selected 28 patients with hypertension as observation subjects.The treatment duration ranged from January 2020 to June 2023.Using the random number table method,patients were divided into two groups.The control group received treatment with valsartan,while the observation group received a combination of valsartan and levamlodipine besylate.Therapeutic effects and safety were compared between the groups,and changes in the patient’s blood pressure and renal function index levels were assessed.Results:The total clinical effective rate of the observation group was significantly higher than that of the control group(P<0.05).The observation group demonstrated better diastolic blood pressure,systolic blood pressure,and renal function indicators compared to the control group(P<0.05).There was no significant difference in the incidence of adverse reactions between the two groups(P>0.05).Conclusion:The combined treatment of levamlodipine besylate and valsartan in patients with hypertension showed significant clinical efficacy and holds broad application value.
文摘Objective:To evaluate the effect of hysteroscopic electroresection in treating submucosal uterine fibroids.Methods:Using the random number table method,70 patients with submucosal uterine fibroids were divided into two groups,35 cases/group.The control group underwent laparoscopic myomectomy,and the observation group underwent hysteroscopic electroresection.Surgical indicators,sex hormone indicators,inflammation indicators,and treatment effects were compared between the two groups.Results:The surgical indicators,sex hormone indicators,and inflammatory indicators three months after operation in the observation group were all more ideal than those of the control group.The total effective rate of the observation group(97.14%)was higher than that of the control group(P<0.05).Conclusion:Hysteroscopic electroresection for the treatment of submucosal uterine fibroids was less invasive,accelerates recovery,and is more effective.
文摘The laser weapons will play a special role in the future high-tech war.To study the impact of airborne laser weapon on the System-of-System(SoS)effectiveness in cooperative com-bat,this paper proposes an indicator construction method based on the combination of the weapon capability indicator system and the combat simulation.The indicator system of capability is divided into 4 layers by the bottom-to-up generation mechanism of indicators.It can describe the logical relationship between the indicator layers from a qualitative perspective.Together with the 4 layers capability indicator system,a hierarchical framework of airborne laser weapon is established by the agent-based modeling and simulation.Impact analyses show that the SoS effectiveness improves with the increase of the laser weapon output power,the laser launcher diameter,and the photoelectric sensor pixel.But the SoS effectiveness promotion brought by the photoelectric sensor pixel is limited.The results can be used for the development of tactical airborne laser weapon.
基金supported by the National Key R&D Program of China (No. 2019YFC0214200)the National Research Program for Key Issues in Air Pollution Control of China (No. DQGG030405)the National Basic Science Research Program of the Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences (No. JY21277132-201309406)
文摘Fugitive road dust(FRD)contributes a great deal to urban rainwater and air pollution and is commonly controlled by water-sprinkling in most Chinese cities.However,there is a lack of information on its effectiveness.We used the Testing Re-entrained Aerosol Kinetic Emissions from Roads(TRAKER)method to monitor different types of roads in Baoding city before and within 1 hr after water-sprinkling and obtained the road dirtiness index(a)and PM concentration in the road environment(T^(∗)_(T)),to evaluate the removal efficiency for PM deposited on the road surface(ηa)and the reduction efficiency for the PM concentration in the road environment(ηPM).The results give that theηa for three types of roads is ranked:branch road(87%-–100%)>major arterial road(80%-83%)>minor arterial road(68%-77%),and the ηPM ranked:minor arterial road(70%)>branch road(46%-58%)>major arterial road(37%-53%).Theηa andηPM varied non-linearly with time and presented a quadratic curve.The average effective control time(ηa>0)was 62min on themajor andminor arterial roads,and much longer than 1 hr on branch roads.The ηPM values diminished completely by 72 min on average from the end of sprinkling for the three types of roads.Water-sprinkling can remove PM10 particles from the road surface and reduce their concentration in the road environment more thoroughly than PM2.5.Our findings could be helpful for controlling urban FRD emissions more efficiently and precisely.
