Solid-state Na metal batteries(SSNBs),known for its low cost,high safety,and high energy density,hold a significant position in the next generation of rechargeable batteries.However,the urgent challenge of poor interf...Solid-state Na metal batteries(SSNBs),known for its low cost,high safety,and high energy density,hold a significant position in the next generation of rechargeable batteries.However,the urgent challenge of poor interfacial contact in solid-state electrolytes has hindered the commercialization of SSNBs.Driven by the concept of intimate electrode-electrolyte interface design,this study employs a combination of NaK alloy and carbon nanotubes to prepare a semi-solid NaK(NKC)anode.Unlike traditional Na anodes,the paintable paste-like NKC anode exhibits superior adhesion and interface compatibility with both current collectors and gel electrolytes,significantly enhancing the intimate contact of electrode-electrolyte interface.Additionally,the filling of SiO_(2)nanoparticles improves the wettability of NaK alloy on gel polymer electrolytes,further achieving a conformal interface contact.Consequently,the overpotential of the NKC symmetric cell is markedly lower than that of the Na symmetric cell when subjected to a long cycle of 300 h.The full cell coupled with Na_(3)V_(3)(PO_(4))_(2)cathodes had an initial discharge capacity of 106.8 mAh·g^(-1)with a capacity retention of 89.61%after 300 cycles,and a high discharge capacity of 88.1 mAh·g^(-1)even at a high rate of 10 C.The outstanding electrochemical performance highlights the promising application potential of the NKC electrode.展开更多
Aqueous supercapacitors(SCs)have been regarded as a promising candidate for commercial energy storage device due to their superior safety,low cost,and environmental benignity.Unfortunately,an age-old challenge of achi...Aqueous supercapacitors(SCs)have been regarded as a promising candidate for commercial energy storage device due to their superior safety,low cost,and environmental benignity.Unfortunately,an age-old challenge of achieving both long electrode lifespan and qualified energy-storage property blocks their practical application.Herein,we develop an electrode-electrolyte integrated optimization strategy to fulfill the real-life device requirements.Electrode optimization simultaneously regulates the nanomorphology and surface chemistry of the tungsten oxide anode,resulting in superior electrochemical performance given by an ideal“bird-nest”structure with optimal oxygen vacancy status;the anodes interact with and are protected from dissolution and structural collapse by the rationally designed hybrid electrolyte with optimized pH and facilitated cation desorption behavior.Collaboratively,a record-breaking durability of no capacitive decay after 250000 cycles is achieved.On the basis of this integrated optimization,the first aqueous pouch SCs with real-life practicability were manufactured by a soft-package encapsulation technique,which can steadily power commercial 3 C products such as tablets and smartphones and maintain safely working against extreme conditions.This work demonstrates the possibility of using aqueous energy storage devices with enhanced safety and lower cost to replace the commercial organic counterparts for wide range of daily applications.展开更多
The paper presents the influence of relative electrode-electrolyte movement over productivity for silver ions recovery by electrodeposition from diluted solutions. Wasted photographic fixing agent solution in various ...The paper presents the influence of relative electrode-electrolyte movement over productivity for silver ions recovery by electrodeposition from diluted solutions. Wasted photographic fixing agent solution in various concentrations was used. For each concentration three regimes were studied： stationary, electrode rotation with 100 rpm and electrode rotation with 300 rpm. Polarization curves were drawn and working conditions from silver recovery point of view were discussed.展开更多
With excellent energy densities and highly safe performance,solidstate lithium batteries(SSLBs)have been hailed as promising energy storage devices.Solid-state electrolyte is the core component of SSLBs and plays an e...With excellent energy densities and highly safe performance,solidstate lithium batteries(SSLBs)have been hailed as promising energy storage devices.Solid-state electrolyte is the core component of SSLBs and plays an essential role in the safety and electrochemical performance of the cells.Composite polymer electrolytes(CPEs)are considered as one of the most promising candidates among all solid-state electrolytes due to their excellent comprehensive performance.In this review,we briefly introduce the components of CPEs,such as the polymer matrix and the species of fillers,as well as the integration of fillers in the polymers.In particular,we focus on the two major obstacles that affect the development of CPEs:the low ionic conductivity of the electrolyte and high interfacial impedance.We provide insight into the factors influencing ionic conductivity,in terms of macroscopic and microscopic aspects,including the aggregated structure of the polymer,ion migration rate and carrier concentration.In addition,we also discuss the electrode-electrolyte interface and summarize methods for improving this interface.It is expected that this review will provide feasible solutions for modifying CPEs through further understanding of the ion conduction mechanism in CPEs and for improving the compatibility of the electrode-electrolyte interface.展开更多
Lithium cobalt oxide(LiCoO_(2),LCO)dominates in 3C(computer,communication,and consumer)electronics-based batteries with the merits of extraordinary volumetric and gravimetric energy density,high-voltage plateau,and fa...Lithium cobalt oxide(LiCoO_(2),LCO)dominates in 3C(computer,communication,and consumer)electronics-based batteries with the merits of extraordinary volumetric and gravimetric energy density,high-voltage plateau,and facile synthesis.Currently,the demand for lightweight and longer standby smart portable electronic products drives the development of the upper cut-off voltage of LCO-based batteries to further improve the energy density.However,several challenges,including irreversible structural transformation,surface degradation,cobalt dissolution and oxygen evolution along with detrimental side reactions with the electrolyte remain with charging to a high cut-off voltage(>4.2 V vs.Li/Li+),resulting in rapid capacity decay and safety issues.Based on the degradation mechanisms and latest advances of the high-voltage LCO,this review summarizes modification strategies in view of the LCO structure,artificial interface design and electrolytes optimization.Meanwhile,many advanced characterization and monitoring techniques utilized to clarify the structural and interfacial evolution of LCO during charge/discharge process are critically emphasized.Moreover,the perspectives in terms of integrating multiple modification strategies,applying gel and solid-state electrolytes,optimizing the recovery process and scalable production are presented.展开更多
High-voltage nickel(Ni)-rich layered oxide-based lithium metal batteries(LMBs)exhibit a great potential in advanced batteries due to the ultra-high energy density.However,it is still necessary to deal with the challen...High-voltage nickel(Ni)-rich layered oxide-based lithium metal batteries(LMBs)exhibit a great potential in advanced batteries due to the ultra-high energy density.However,it is still necessary to deal with the challenges in poor cyclic and thermal stability before realizing practical application where cycling life is considered.Among many improved strategies,mechanical and chemical stability for the electrode electrolyte interface plays a key role in addressing these challenges.Therefore,extensive effort has been made to address the challenges of electrode-electrolyte interface.In this progress,the failure mechanism of Ni-rich cathode,lithium metal anode and electrolytes are reviewed,and the latest breakthrough in stabilizing electrode-electrolyte interface is also summarized.Finally,the challenges and future research directions of Ni-rich LMBs are put forward.展开更多
由于缺乏先进的固体电解质界面相,水系锌电池的循环寿命受到锌金属负极副反应和枝晶等问题的严重制约.本文介绍了一种由两性分子(APMs)电解液添加剂构建而成的自组装电极-电解质界面相(AEEI).作为一个示范,这里选取聚乙烯吡咯烷酮(PVP)...由于缺乏先进的固体电解质界面相,水系锌电池的循环寿命受到锌金属负极副反应和枝晶等问题的严重制约.本文介绍了一种由两性分子(APMs)电解液添加剂构建而成的自组装电极-电解质界面相(AEEI).作为一个示范,这里选取聚乙烯吡咯烷酮(PVP)用做APMs,因为它的羰基氧原子与芳香性的吡咯环共轭,从而具有较强的电子给体性质.X射线光电子能谱和傅里叶变换红外光谱分析表明,AEEI的形成和稳定是由APMs的羰基氧原子同时与锌金属和锌离子相互作用推动的.所形成的AEEI主要由富含锌离子的APMs致密层状胶束构成.在电解质中保持APMs的含量在临界聚集浓度(~0.1%)以上,可以保证AEEI的固有稳定性,避免裂纹形成或脱落等问题.得益于其抑制水分解副反应和不利的二维锌扩散的能力,在AEEI的作用下实现了无枝晶的锌沉积.在1 M Zn(OTf)_(2)添加1%PVP的电解液中,形成的AEEI保证了锌对称电池具有超过2000小时的长循环寿命,Zn||Ti电池500个循环后库仑效率高于99.2%,以及V_(2)O_(5)||Zn全电池500个循环后容量的高保持率(达76%).展开更多
The risk of flammability is an unavoidable issue for gel polymer electrolytes(GPEs).Usually,flameretardant solvents are necessary to be used,but most of them would react with anode/cathode easily and cause serious int...The risk of flammability is an unavoidable issue for gel polymer electrolytes(GPEs).Usually,flameretardant solvents are necessary to be used,but most of them would react with anode/cathode easily and cause serious interfacial instability,which is a big challenge for design and application of nonflammable GPEs.Here,a nonflammable GPE(SGPE)is developed by in situ polymerizing trifluoroethyl methacrylate(TFMA)monomers with flame-retardant triethyl phosphate(TEP)solvents and LiTFSI–LiDFOB dual lithium salts.TEP is strongly anchored to PTFMA matrix via polarity interaction between-P=O and-CH_(2)CF_(3).It reduces free TEP molecules,which obviously mitigates interfacial reactions,and enhances flame-retardant performance of TEP surprisingly.Anchored TEP molecules are also inhibited in solvation of Li^(+),leading to anion-dominated solvation sheath,which creates inorganic-rich solid electrolyte interface/cathode electrolyte interface layers.Such coordination structure changes Li^(+)transport from sluggish vehicular to fast structural transport,raising ionic conductivity to 1.03 mS cm^(-1) and transfer number to 0.41 at 30℃.The Li|SGPE|Li cell presents highly reversible Li stripping/plating performance for over 1000 h at 0.1 mA cm^(−2),and 4.2 V LiCoO_(2)|SGPE|Li battery delivers high average specific capacity>120 mAh g^(−1) over 200 cycles.This study paves a new way to make nonflammable GPE that is compatible with Li metal anode.展开更多
All-solid-state batteries(ASSBs)with solid-state electrolytes and lithium-metal anodes have been regarded as a promis-ing battery technology to alleviate range anxiety and address safety issues due to their high energ...All-solid-state batteries(ASSBs)with solid-state electrolytes and lithium-metal anodes have been regarded as a promis-ing battery technology to alleviate range anxiety and address safety issues due to their high energy density and high safety.Understanding the fundamental physical and chemical science of ASSBs is of great importance to battery development.To confirm and supplement experimental study,theoretical computation provides a powerful approach to probe the thermody-namic and kinetic behavior of battery materials and their interfaces,resulting in the design of better batteries.In this review,we assess recent progress in the theoretical computations of solid electrolytes and the interfaces between the electrodes and electrolytes of ASSBs.We review the role of theoretical computation in studying the following:ion transport mechanisms,grain boundaries,phase stability,chemical and electrochemical stability,mechanical properties,design strategies and high-throughput screening of inorganic solid electrolytes,mechanical stability,space-charge layers,interface buffer layers and dendrite growth at electrode/electrolyte interfaces.Finally,we provide perspectives on the shortcomings,challenges and opportunities of theoretical computation in regard to ASSBs.展开更多
Microenvironments of the catalytic center,which play a vital role in adjusting electrocatalytic CO_(2) reduction reaction(ECO_(2) RR)activity,have received increasing attention during the past few years.However,contro...Microenvironments of the catalytic center,which play a vital role in adjusting electrocatalytic CO_(2) reduction reaction(ECO_(2) RR)activity,have received increasing attention during the past few years.However,controllable microenvironment construction and the effects of multi-microenvironment variations for improving ECO_(2) RR performance remain unclear.Herein,we summarize the representative strategies for tuning the catalyst and local microenvironments to enhance ECO_(2) RR selectivity and activity.The multifactor synergetic effects of microen-vironment regulation for enhancing CO_(2) accessibility,stabilizing key intermediates,and improving the performance of ECO_(2) RR catalysts are discussed in detail,as well as perspectives on the challenges when investigating ECO_(2) RR microenvironments.We anticipate that the discussions in this review will inspire further research in microenvironment engineering to accelerate the development of the ECO 2 RR for practical application.展开更多
Constructing a reliable and favorable electrode-electrolyte interface is crucial to utilize the exceptional energy storage capability in commercial lithium-ion batteries.Here,we report a facile synthesis approach for ...Constructing a reliable and favorable electrode-electrolyte interface is crucial to utilize the exceptional energy storage capability in commercial lithium-ion batteries.Here,we report a facile synthesis approach for the lithium difluorophosphate(LiPO_(2)F_(2))solution as an effective film-forming additive via direct adding the Li_(2)CO_(3) into LiPF6 solution at 45℃.Benefiting from the significantly reduced interface resistance(RSEI)and charge transfer impedance(Rct)of both the cathode and anode by adding the prepared LiPO_(2)F_(2)solution into a baseline electrolyte,the cycling performance of the graphite||LiNi_(0.5)Mn_(0.3)Co_(0.2)O_(2) pouch cell is remarkably improved under all-climate condition.展开更多
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China(52073253)。
文摘Solid-state Na metal batteries(SSNBs),known for its low cost,high safety,and high energy density,hold a significant position in the next generation of rechargeable batteries.However,the urgent challenge of poor interfacial contact in solid-state electrolytes has hindered the commercialization of SSNBs.Driven by the concept of intimate electrode-electrolyte interface design,this study employs a combination of NaK alloy and carbon nanotubes to prepare a semi-solid NaK(NKC)anode.Unlike traditional Na anodes,the paintable paste-like NKC anode exhibits superior adhesion and interface compatibility with both current collectors and gel electrolytes,significantly enhancing the intimate contact of electrode-electrolyte interface.Additionally,the filling of SiO_(2)nanoparticles improves the wettability of NaK alloy on gel polymer electrolytes,further achieving a conformal interface contact.Consequently,the overpotential of the NKC symmetric cell is markedly lower than that of the Na symmetric cell when subjected to a long cycle of 300 h.The full cell coupled with Na_(3)V_(3)(PO_(4))_(2)cathodes had an initial discharge capacity of 106.8 mAh·g^(-1)with a capacity retention of 89.61%after 300 cycles,and a high discharge capacity of 88.1 mAh·g^(-1)even at a high rate of 10 C.The outstanding electrochemical performance highlights the promising application potential of the NKC electrode.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.52071171,52202248 and 22209064)Liaoning Revitalization Talents Program—Pan Deng Scholars(XLYC1802005)+9 种基金Liaoning Bai Qian Wan Talents Program(LNBQW2018B0048)Key Project of Scientific Research of the Education Department of Liaoning Province(LZD201902)Shenyang Science and Technology Project(21-108-9-04)Australian Research Council(ARC)through Future Fel owship(FT210100298,FT210100806)Discovery Project(DP220100603)Linkage Project(LP210100467,LP210200504,and LP210200345)Industrial Transformation Training Centre(IC180100005)schemes,CSIRO Energy Centre and Kick-Start ProjectStudy Melbourne Research Partnerships program has been made possible by funding from the Victorian Government through Study MelbourneShiyanjia Lab(www.shiyanjia.com)for the support of the XPS testsupport from the University of Calgary’s Canada First Research Excel ence Fund program,the Global Research Initiative for Sustainable Low-Carbon Unconventional Energy
文摘Aqueous supercapacitors(SCs)have been regarded as a promising candidate for commercial energy storage device due to their superior safety,low cost,and environmental benignity.Unfortunately,an age-old challenge of achieving both long electrode lifespan and qualified energy-storage property blocks their practical application.Herein,we develop an electrode-electrolyte integrated optimization strategy to fulfill the real-life device requirements.Electrode optimization simultaneously regulates the nanomorphology and surface chemistry of the tungsten oxide anode,resulting in superior electrochemical performance given by an ideal“bird-nest”structure with optimal oxygen vacancy status;the anodes interact with and are protected from dissolution and structural collapse by the rationally designed hybrid electrolyte with optimized pH and facilitated cation desorption behavior.Collaboratively,a record-breaking durability of no capacitive decay after 250000 cycles is achieved.On the basis of this integrated optimization,the first aqueous pouch SCs with real-life practicability were manufactured by a soft-package encapsulation technique,which can steadily power commercial 3 C products such as tablets and smartphones and maintain safely working against extreme conditions.This work demonstrates the possibility of using aqueous energy storage devices with enhanced safety and lower cost to replace the commercial organic counterparts for wide range of daily applications.
文摘The paper presents the influence of relative electrode-electrolyte movement over productivity for silver ions recovery by electrodeposition from diluted solutions. Wasted photographic fixing agent solution in various concentrations was used. For each concentration three regimes were studied： stationary, electrode rotation with 100 rpm and electrode rotation with 300 rpm. Polarization curves were drawn and working conditions from silver recovery point of view were discussed.
基金the funding support from the National Key Research and Development Program of China(Grant Number 2021YFB2400300)National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Number 21875195,22021001)Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(Grant Number 20720190040)。
文摘With excellent energy densities and highly safe performance,solidstate lithium batteries(SSLBs)have been hailed as promising energy storage devices.Solid-state electrolyte is the core component of SSLBs and plays an essential role in the safety and electrochemical performance of the cells.Composite polymer electrolytes(CPEs)are considered as one of the most promising candidates among all solid-state electrolytes due to their excellent comprehensive performance.In this review,we briefly introduce the components of CPEs,such as the polymer matrix and the species of fillers,as well as the integration of fillers in the polymers.In particular,we focus on the two major obstacles that affect the development of CPEs:the low ionic conductivity of the electrolyte and high interfacial impedance.We provide insight into the factors influencing ionic conductivity,in terms of macroscopic and microscopic aspects,including the aggregated structure of the polymer,ion migration rate and carrier concentration.In addition,we also discuss the electrode-electrolyte interface and summarize methods for improving this interface.It is expected that this review will provide feasible solutions for modifying CPEs through further understanding of the ion conduction mechanism in CPEs and for improving the compatibility of the electrode-electrolyte interface.
基金financial support from the National Key R&D Program of China(2018YFA0209600)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(22022813 and 21878268)the Leading Innovative and Entrepreneur Team Introduction Program of Zhejiang(2019R01006)。
文摘Lithium cobalt oxide(LiCoO_(2),LCO)dominates in 3C(computer,communication,and consumer)electronics-based batteries with the merits of extraordinary volumetric and gravimetric energy density,high-voltage plateau,and facile synthesis.Currently,the demand for lightweight and longer standby smart portable electronic products drives the development of the upper cut-off voltage of LCO-based batteries to further improve the energy density.However,several challenges,including irreversible structural transformation,surface degradation,cobalt dissolution and oxygen evolution along with detrimental side reactions with the electrolyte remain with charging to a high cut-off voltage(>4.2 V vs.Li/Li+),resulting in rapid capacity decay and safety issues.Based on the degradation mechanisms and latest advances of the high-voltage LCO,this review summarizes modification strategies in view of the LCO structure,artificial interface design and electrolytes optimization.Meanwhile,many advanced characterization and monitoring techniques utilized to clarify the structural and interfacial evolution of LCO during charge/discharge process are critically emphasized.Moreover,the perspectives in terms of integrating multiple modification strategies,applying gel and solid-state electrolytes,optimizing the recovery process and scalable production are presented.
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China,Grant/Award Numbers:U21A20311,51971090。
文摘High-voltage nickel(Ni)-rich layered oxide-based lithium metal batteries(LMBs)exhibit a great potential in advanced batteries due to the ultra-high energy density.However,it is still necessary to deal with the challenges in poor cyclic and thermal stability before realizing practical application where cycling life is considered.Among many improved strategies,mechanical and chemical stability for the electrode electrolyte interface plays a key role in addressing these challenges.Therefore,extensive effort has been made to address the challenges of electrode-electrolyte interface.In this progress,the failure mechanism of Ni-rich cathode,lithium metal anode and electrolytes are reviewed,and the latest breakthrough in stabilizing electrode-electrolyte interface is also summarized.Finally,the challenges and future research directions of Ni-rich LMBs are put forward.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(52271222,51902301 and 22379096)the Natural Science Foundation of Zhejiang Province(LY21E020006)Shanghai Science and Technology Commission(21010503100 and 23DZ1202500)。
文摘由于缺乏先进的固体电解质界面相,水系锌电池的循环寿命受到锌金属负极副反应和枝晶等问题的严重制约.本文介绍了一种由两性分子(APMs)电解液添加剂构建而成的自组装电极-电解质界面相(AEEI).作为一个示范,这里选取聚乙烯吡咯烷酮(PVP)用做APMs,因为它的羰基氧原子与芳香性的吡咯环共轭,从而具有较强的电子给体性质.X射线光电子能谱和傅里叶变换红外光谱分析表明,AEEI的形成和稳定是由APMs的羰基氧原子同时与锌金属和锌离子相互作用推动的.所形成的AEEI主要由富含锌离子的APMs致密层状胶束构成.在电解质中保持APMs的含量在临界聚集浓度(~0.1%)以上,可以保证AEEI的固有稳定性,避免裂纹形成或脱落等问题.得益于其抑制水分解副反应和不利的二维锌扩散的能力,在AEEI的作用下实现了无枝晶的锌沉积.在1 M Zn(OTf)_(2)添加1%PVP的电解液中,形成的AEEI保证了锌对称电池具有超过2000小时的长循环寿命,Zn||Ti电池500个循环后库仑效率高于99.2%,以及V_(2)O_(5)||Zn全电池500个循环后容量的高保持率(达76%).
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.52172214,52272221,52171182)the Postdoctoral Innovation Project of Shandong Province(No.202102003)+2 种基金The Key Research and Development Program of Shandong Province(2021ZLGX01)the Qilu Young Scholar ProgramHPC Cloud Platform of Shandong University are also thanked.
文摘The risk of flammability is an unavoidable issue for gel polymer electrolytes(GPEs).Usually,flameretardant solvents are necessary to be used,but most of them would react with anode/cathode easily and cause serious interfacial instability,which is a big challenge for design and application of nonflammable GPEs.Here,a nonflammable GPE(SGPE)is developed by in situ polymerizing trifluoroethyl methacrylate(TFMA)monomers with flame-retardant triethyl phosphate(TEP)solvents and LiTFSI–LiDFOB dual lithium salts.TEP is strongly anchored to PTFMA matrix via polarity interaction between-P=O and-CH_(2)CF_(3).It reduces free TEP molecules,which obviously mitigates interfacial reactions,and enhances flame-retardant performance of TEP surprisingly.Anchored TEP molecules are also inhibited in solvation of Li^(+),leading to anion-dominated solvation sheath,which creates inorganic-rich solid electrolyte interface/cathode electrolyte interface layers.Such coordination structure changes Li^(+)transport from sluggish vehicular to fast structural transport,raising ionic conductivity to 1.03 mS cm^(-1) and transfer number to 0.41 at 30℃.The Li|SGPE|Li cell presents highly reversible Li stripping/plating performance for over 1000 h at 0.1 mA cm^(−2),and 4.2 V LiCoO_(2)|SGPE|Li battery delivers high average specific capacity>120 mAh g^(−1) over 200 cycles.This study paves a new way to make nonflammable GPE that is compatible with Li metal anode.
基金supported by the Key-Area Research and Development Program of Guangdong Province(2020B090919005)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(21975274)+3 种基金Shandong Provincial Natural Science Foundation(ZR2020KE032)the Youth Innovation Promotion Association of CAS(2021210)the Shandong Energy Institute(SEI)(SEI I202117)the Taishan Scholars of Shandong Province(ts201511063).
文摘All-solid-state batteries(ASSBs)with solid-state electrolytes and lithium-metal anodes have been regarded as a promis-ing battery technology to alleviate range anxiety and address safety issues due to their high energy density and high safety.Understanding the fundamental physical and chemical science of ASSBs is of great importance to battery development.To confirm and supplement experimental study,theoretical computation provides a powerful approach to probe the thermody-namic and kinetic behavior of battery materials and their interfaces,resulting in the design of better batteries.In this review,we assess recent progress in the theoretical computations of solid electrolytes and the interfaces between the electrodes and electrolytes of ASSBs.We review the role of theoretical computation in studying the following:ion transport mechanisms,grain boundaries,phase stability,chemical and electrochemical stability,mechanical properties,design strategies and high-throughput screening of inorganic solid electrolytes,mechanical stability,space-charge layers,interface buffer layers and dendrite growth at electrode/electrolyte interfaces.Finally,we provide perspectives on the shortcomings,challenges and opportunities of theoretical computation in regard to ASSBs.
基金This research was supported by the Special Fund Project of Jiangsu Province for Scientific and Technological Innovation in Carbon Peaking and Carbon Neutrality(BK20220023)National Natural Science Foun-dation of China(21902009)Startup Funding at Jiangnan University.
文摘Microenvironments of the catalytic center,which play a vital role in adjusting electrocatalytic CO_(2) reduction reaction(ECO_(2) RR)activity,have received increasing attention during the past few years.However,controllable microenvironment construction and the effects of multi-microenvironment variations for improving ECO_(2) RR performance remain unclear.Herein,we summarize the representative strategies for tuning the catalyst and local microenvironments to enhance ECO_(2) RR selectivity and activity.The multifactor synergetic effects of microen-vironment regulation for enhancing CO_(2) accessibility,stabilizing key intermediates,and improving the performance of ECO_(2) RR catalysts are discussed in detail,as well as perspectives on the challenges when investigating ECO_(2) RR microenvironments.We anticipate that the discussions in this review will inspire further research in microenvironment engineering to accelerate the development of the ECO 2 RR for practical application.
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.21935009,21761132030 and 21621091)National Key Research and Development Program of China(No.2018YFB0905400)the Doctoral Research Foundation of Binzhou University(No.2016Y06)。
文摘Constructing a reliable and favorable electrode-electrolyte interface is crucial to utilize the exceptional energy storage capability in commercial lithium-ion batteries.Here,we report a facile synthesis approach for the lithium difluorophosphate(LiPO_(2)F_(2))solution as an effective film-forming additive via direct adding the Li_(2)CO_(3) into LiPF6 solution at 45℃.Benefiting from the significantly reduced interface resistance(RSEI)and charge transfer impedance(Rct)of both the cathode and anode by adding the prepared LiPO_(2)F_(2)solution into a baseline electrolyte,the cycling performance of the graphite||LiNi_(0.5)Mn_(0.3)Co_(0.2)O_(2) pouch cell is remarkably improved under all-climate condition.
