The development of wearable multifunctional electromagnetic protective fabrics with multifunctional,low cost,and high efficiency remains a challenge.Here,inspired by the unique flower branch shape of“Thunberg’s mead...The development of wearable multifunctional electromagnetic protective fabrics with multifunctional,low cost,and high efficiency remains a challenge.Here,inspired by the unique flower branch shape of“Thunberg’s meadowsweet”in nature,a nanofibrous composite membrane with hierarchical structure was constructed.Integrating sophisticated 0D@2D@1D hierarchical structures with multiple heterointerfaces can fully unleash the multifunctional application potential of composite membrane.The targeted induction method was used to precisely regulate the formation site and morphology of the metal–organic framework precursor,and intelligently integrate multiple heterostructures to enhance dielectric polarization,which improves the impedance matching and loss mechanisms of the electromagnetic wave absorbing materials.Due to the synergistic enhancement of electrospinning-derived carbon nanofiber“stems”,MOF-derived carbon nanosheet“petals”and transition metal selenide nano-particle“stamens”,the CoxSey/NiSe@CNSs@CNFs(CNCC)composite membrane obtains a minimum reflection loss value(RL_(min))of-68.40 dB at 2.6 mm and a maximum effective absorption bandwidth(EAB)of 8.88 GHz at a thin thickness of 2.0 mm with a filling amount of only 5 wt%.In addition,the multi-component and hierarchical heterostructure endow the fibrous membrane with excellent flexibility,water resistance,thermal management,and other multifunctional properties.This work provides unique perspectives for the precise design and rational application of multifunctional fabrics.展开更多
Application of novel radio technologies and equip-ment inevitably leads to electromagnetic pollution.One-dimensional polymer-based composite membrane structures have been shown to be an effective strategy to obtain hi...Application of novel radio technologies and equip-ment inevitably leads to electromagnetic pollution.One-dimensional polymer-based composite membrane structures have been shown to be an effective strategy to obtain high-performance microwave absorbers.Herein,we reported a one-dimensional N-doped carbon nanofibers material which encapsulated the hollow Co_(3)SnC_(0.7) nano-cubes in the fiber lumen by electrospinning.Space charge stacking formed between nanoparticles can be channeled by longitudinal fibrous structures.The dielectric constant of the fibers is highly related to the carbonization temperature,and the great impedance matching can be achieved by synergetic effect between Co_(3)SnC_(0.7) and carbon network.At 800℃,the necklace-like Co_(3)SnC_(0.7)/CNF with 5%low load achieves an excellent RL value of−51.2 dB at 2.3 mm and the effective absorption bandwidth of 7.44 GHz with matching thickness of 2.5 mm.The multiple electromagnetic wave(EMW)reflections and interfacial polarization between the fibers and the fibers internal contribute a major effect to attenuating the EMW.These strategies for regulating electromagnetic performance can be expanded to other electromagnetic functional materials which facilitate the development of emerging absorbers.展开更多
Flexible strain sensor has attracted much attention because of its potential application in human motion detection.In this work,the prepared strain sensor was obtained by encapsulating electrospun carbonized sponge(CS...Flexible strain sensor has attracted much attention because of its potential application in human motion detection.In this work,the prepared strain sensor was obtained by encapsulating electrospun carbonized sponge(CS)with room temperature vulcanized silicone rubber(RTVS).In this paper,the formation mechanism of conductive sponge was studied.Based on the combination of carbonized sponge and RTVS,the strain sensing mechanism and piezoresistive properties are discussed.After research and testing,the CS/RTVS flexible strain sensor has excellent fast response speed and stability,and the maximum strain coefficient of the sensor is 136.27.In this study,the self-developed CS/RTVS sensor was used to monitor the movements of the wrist joint,arm elbow joint and fingers in real time.Research experiments show that CS/RTVS flexible strain sensor has good application prospects in the field of human motion monitoring.展开更多
Cobalt selenide(CoSe_(2))has become a promising anode material for sodium-ion batteries(SIBs)due to its stable chemical properties,environmental friendliness,and high theoretical capacity.However,the undesirable rate ...Cobalt selenide(CoSe_(2))has become a promising anode material for sodium-ion batteries(SIBs)due to its stable chemical properties,environmental friendliness,and high theoretical capacity.However,the undesirable rate capacity and cycle stability of the anode materials largely limit its applications for SIBs due to the relatively low electronic conductivity and huge volume change during the Na+insertion/extraction.In this study,electrostatic spinning combined with a wet chemical method is employed to synthesize coral-like composite material(CNF@c-CoSe_(2)/C),which is composed of CoSe_(2)/carbon nanosheet arrays(CoSe_(2)/C)and carbon nanofibers(CNFs).CoSe_(2)/C nanoflakes derived from metal-organic frameworks(MOFs)with high surface area and the porous structure can inhibit the pulverization and amorphization of CoSe_(2) during charge and discharge processes,thus significantly keeping the stability of the microstructure.CNF can limit the overgrowth of nanosheets and serve as a conductive skeleton.Compared to two-dimensional CoSe_(2)/C nanoflakes and pure CoSe_(2) nanoparticles,the composite can expose more active sites and effectively accelerate the diffusion of Na+,which displays enhanced rate capability(266.5 mAh·g^(-1) at 5.0 A·g^(-1))and cycling stability(268.3 mAh·g^(-1) after 100 cycles at 1.0 A·g^(-1)).Moreover,the rational preparation strategy for metal selenide-based heterostructure material presents a new way for high-performance SIB s.展开更多
Herein,a unique mesoporous heterostructure(average pore size:15 nm)cobalt disulfide/carbon nanofibers(CoS_(2)/PCNFs)composite with excellent hydrophilicity(contact angle:23.5°)is prepared using polyethylene glyco...Herein,a unique mesoporous heterostructure(average pore size:15 nm)cobalt disulfide/carbon nanofibers(CoS_(2)/PCNFs)composite with excellent hydrophilicity(contact angle:23.5°)is prepared using polyethylene glycol(PEG)as a pore-forming agent.The CoS_(2)/PCNF electrode exhibits excellent cycle stability(95.2%of initial specific capacitance at 10 A·g^(-1)after 8000 cycles),good rate performance(46.5%at 10 A·g^(-1)),and high specific capacity(86.1 mAh·g^(-1)at 1 A·g^(-1),about 688.8 F·g^(-1)at 1 A·g^(-1)).Density functional theory(DFT)simulation elucidates that CoS_(2)tends to transfer substantial charges to CNF.As the center of positive charge,CoS_(2)is more likely to capture negative ions in the electrolyte,thus accelerating the ion diffusion process.The excellent properties of the electrode material can not only accelerate the electrochemical reaction kinetics,but also provide abundant redox-active sites and a high Faradaic capacity for the entire electrode due to the synergistic contributions of CoS_(2)nanoparticles,mesoporous heterostructure of PCNF,and admirable hydrophilicity of the composite material.A CoS_(2)/PCNF-0.25//AC(AC:activated carbon)asymmetric supercapacitor is assembled using CoS_(2)/PCNF-0.25 as the positive electrode and AC as the negative electrode,which possesses a high energy density(35.5 Wh·kg^(-1)at a power density of 824 W·kg^(-1))and superior cycling stability(maintaining over 98%of initial capacitance after 2000 cycles).In addition,the unique CoS_(2)/PCNF electrode is expected to be widely used in other electrochemical energy storage devices,such as lithium-ion batteries,sodium-ion batteries,lithium-sulfur batteries,etc.展开更多
Although many superwetting materials have been designed for the treatment of oil-containing wastewater,separation strategies for oil-in-water systems containing bacteria have rarely been reported.Herein,poly(vinyliden...Although many superwetting materials have been designed for the treatment of oil-containing wastewater,separation strategies for oil-in-water systems containing bacteria have rarely been reported.Herein,poly(vinylidene difluoride)-and poly(lactic acid)-blended fibrous membranes loaded with silver and copper oxide nanoparticles were successfully prepared by a two-step method of electrostatic spinning and liquid-phase synthesis.The product membrane showed excellent super-oleophilic properties in air and hydrophobicity under oil.It could separate water-in-oil emulsion systems containing surfactants with an efficiency above90%.More importantly,the nanoparticle-loaded fibers were characterized by material degradability and slowly released ions.The fibers exhibited excellent antibacterial activities against both gram-positive and-negative bacteria.This work provides a feasible strategy for water-in-oil emulsion separation and bacterial treatment of wastewater.展开更多
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.51407134,No.52002196)Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province(No.ZR2019YQ24,No.ZR2020QF084)+2 种基金Taishan Scholars and Young Experts Program of Shandong Province(No.tsqn202103057)the Qingchuang Talents Induction Program of Shandong Higher Education Institution(Research and Innovation Team of Structural-Functional Polymer Composites)Special Financial of Shandong Province(Structural Design of Highefficiency Electromagnetic Wave-absorbing Composite Materials and Construction of Shandong Provincial Talent Teams(No.37000022P990304116449)).
文摘The development of wearable multifunctional electromagnetic protective fabrics with multifunctional,low cost,and high efficiency remains a challenge.Here,inspired by the unique flower branch shape of“Thunberg’s meadowsweet”in nature,a nanofibrous composite membrane with hierarchical structure was constructed.Integrating sophisticated 0D@2D@1D hierarchical structures with multiple heterointerfaces can fully unleash the multifunctional application potential of composite membrane.The targeted induction method was used to precisely regulate the formation site and morphology of the metal–organic framework precursor,and intelligently integrate multiple heterostructures to enhance dielectric polarization,which improves the impedance matching and loss mechanisms of the electromagnetic wave absorbing materials.Due to the synergistic enhancement of electrospinning-derived carbon nanofiber“stems”,MOF-derived carbon nanosheet“petals”and transition metal selenide nano-particle“stamens”,the CoxSey/NiSe@CNSs@CNFs(CNCC)composite membrane obtains a minimum reflection loss value(RL_(min))of-68.40 dB at 2.6 mm and a maximum effective absorption bandwidth(EAB)of 8.88 GHz at a thin thickness of 2.0 mm with a filling amount of only 5 wt%.In addition,the multi-component and hierarchical heterostructure endow the fibrous membrane with excellent flexibility,water resistance,thermal management,and other multifunctional properties.This work provides unique perspectives for the precise design and rational application of multifunctional fabrics.
基金financially supported by the Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province (No. ZR2019YQ24)Taishan Scholars and Young Experts Program of Shandong Province (No.tsqn202103057)+1 种基金the Qingchuang Talents Induction Program of Shandong Higher Education Institution (Research and Innovation Team of Structural-Functional Polymer Composites)Special Financial of Shandong Province (Structural Design of High-efficiency Electromagnetic Wave-absorbing Composite Materials and Construction of Shandong Provincial Talent Teams)
文摘Application of novel radio technologies and equip-ment inevitably leads to electromagnetic pollution.One-dimensional polymer-based composite membrane structures have been shown to be an effective strategy to obtain high-performance microwave absorbers.Herein,we reported a one-dimensional N-doped carbon nanofibers material which encapsulated the hollow Co_(3)SnC_(0.7) nano-cubes in the fiber lumen by electrospinning.Space charge stacking formed between nanoparticles can be channeled by longitudinal fibrous structures.The dielectric constant of the fibers is highly related to the carbonization temperature,and the great impedance matching can be achieved by synergetic effect between Co_(3)SnC_(0.7) and carbon network.At 800℃,the necklace-like Co_(3)SnC_(0.7)/CNF with 5%low load achieves an excellent RL value of−51.2 dB at 2.3 mm and the effective absorption bandwidth of 7.44 GHz with matching thickness of 2.5 mm.The multiple electromagnetic wave(EMW)reflections and interfacial polarization between the fibers and the fibers internal contribute a major effect to attenuating the EMW.These strategies for regulating electromagnetic performance can be expanded to other electromagnetic functional materials which facilitate the development of emerging absorbers.
基金This research is supported by the Science and Technology Department of Jilin Province[20210202128NC]The People’s Republic of China Ministry of Science and Technology[2018YFF0213606-03]Jilin Province Development and Reform Commission[2019C021].
文摘Flexible strain sensor has attracted much attention because of its potential application in human motion detection.In this work,the prepared strain sensor was obtained by encapsulating electrospun carbonized sponge(CS)with room temperature vulcanized silicone rubber(RTVS).In this paper,the formation mechanism of conductive sponge was studied.Based on the combination of carbonized sponge and RTVS,the strain sensing mechanism and piezoresistive properties are discussed.After research and testing,the CS/RTVS flexible strain sensor has excellent fast response speed and stability,and the maximum strain coefficient of the sensor is 136.27.In this study,the self-developed CS/RTVS sensor was used to monitor the movements of the wrist joint,arm elbow joint and fingers in real time.Research experiments show that CS/RTVS flexible strain sensor has good application prospects in the field of human motion monitoring.
基金financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.51603092 and 21706103)the Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province(Nos.BK20160537 and BK20170549)China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(No.2019T120393)。
文摘Cobalt selenide(CoSe_(2))has become a promising anode material for sodium-ion batteries(SIBs)due to its stable chemical properties,environmental friendliness,and high theoretical capacity.However,the undesirable rate capacity and cycle stability of the anode materials largely limit its applications for SIBs due to the relatively low electronic conductivity and huge volume change during the Na+insertion/extraction.In this study,electrostatic spinning combined with a wet chemical method is employed to synthesize coral-like composite material(CNF@c-CoSe_(2)/C),which is composed of CoSe_(2)/carbon nanosheet arrays(CoSe_(2)/C)and carbon nanofibers(CNFs).CoSe_(2)/C nanoflakes derived from metal-organic frameworks(MOFs)with high surface area and the porous structure can inhibit the pulverization and amorphization of CoSe_(2) during charge and discharge processes,thus significantly keeping the stability of the microstructure.CNF can limit the overgrowth of nanosheets and serve as a conductive skeleton.Compared to two-dimensional CoSe_(2)/C nanoflakes and pure CoSe_(2) nanoparticles,the composite can expose more active sites and effectively accelerate the diffusion of Na+,which displays enhanced rate capability(266.5 mAh·g^(-1) at 5.0 A·g^(-1))and cycling stability(268.3 mAh·g^(-1) after 100 cycles at 1.0 A·g^(-1)).Moreover,the rational preparation strategy for metal selenide-based heterostructure material presents a new way for high-performance SIB s.
基金Financial support was received from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.51976081 and U22A20107)the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(No.2019T120393)+2 种基金the Jiangsu Province Postdoctoral Foundation(No.2020Z078)the“Grassland Talents”of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region,the Young Talents of Science and Technology in Universities of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region(No.NJYT23030)the“Steed Plan High-level Talents”of Inner Mongolia University,and the Carbon Neutralization Research Project(No.STZX202218).
文摘Herein,a unique mesoporous heterostructure(average pore size:15 nm)cobalt disulfide/carbon nanofibers(CoS_(2)/PCNFs)composite with excellent hydrophilicity(contact angle:23.5°)is prepared using polyethylene glycol(PEG)as a pore-forming agent.The CoS_(2)/PCNF electrode exhibits excellent cycle stability(95.2%of initial specific capacitance at 10 A·g^(-1)after 8000 cycles),good rate performance(46.5%at 10 A·g^(-1)),and high specific capacity(86.1 mAh·g^(-1)at 1 A·g^(-1),about 688.8 F·g^(-1)at 1 A·g^(-1)).Density functional theory(DFT)simulation elucidates that CoS_(2)tends to transfer substantial charges to CNF.As the center of positive charge,CoS_(2)is more likely to capture negative ions in the electrolyte,thus accelerating the ion diffusion process.The excellent properties of the electrode material can not only accelerate the electrochemical reaction kinetics,but also provide abundant redox-active sites and a high Faradaic capacity for the entire electrode due to the synergistic contributions of CoS_(2)nanoparticles,mesoporous heterostructure of PCNF,and admirable hydrophilicity of the composite material.A CoS_(2)/PCNF-0.25//AC(AC:activated carbon)asymmetric supercapacitor is assembled using CoS_(2)/PCNF-0.25 as the positive electrode and AC as the negative electrode,which possesses a high energy density(35.5 Wh·kg^(-1)at a power density of 824 W·kg^(-1))and superior cycling stability(maintaining over 98%of initial capacitance after 2000 cycles).In addition,the unique CoS_(2)/PCNF electrode is expected to be widely used in other electrochemical energy storage devices,such as lithium-ion batteries,sodium-ion batteries,lithium-sulfur batteries,etc.
基金supported by the National Key R&D Program of China(Grant No.2020YFC1808401)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.22078213,21938006,51973148,21776190)+3 种基金the Cutting-Edge Technology Basic Research Project of Jiangsu(Grant No.BK20202012)prospective application research project of Suzhou(Grant No.SYC2022042)water research and technology project of Suzhou(Grant No.2022006)the project supported by the Priority Academic Program Development of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions。
文摘Although many superwetting materials have been designed for the treatment of oil-containing wastewater,separation strategies for oil-in-water systems containing bacteria have rarely been reported.Herein,poly(vinylidene difluoride)-and poly(lactic acid)-blended fibrous membranes loaded with silver and copper oxide nanoparticles were successfully prepared by a two-step method of electrostatic spinning and liquid-phase synthesis.The product membrane showed excellent super-oleophilic properties in air and hydrophobicity under oil.It could separate water-in-oil emulsion systems containing surfactants with an efficiency above90%.More importantly,the nanoparticle-loaded fibers were characterized by material degradability and slowly released ions.The fibers exhibited excellent antibacterial activities against both gram-positive and-negative bacteria.This work provides a feasible strategy for water-in-oil emulsion separation and bacterial treatment of wastewater.
