It is an objective fact that the weather is unpredictable.Even the famous meteorologist,Academician Chu Ko Chen,has only a partial understanding of the changing laws of wind and rain.Even though ancient people summari...It is an objective fact that the weather is unpredictable.Even the famous meteorologist,Academician Chu Ko Chen,has only a partial understanding of the changing laws of wind and rain.Even though ancient people summarized the 24 solar terms by observing the annual activities of the sun for a long time,because they ignored the impact of the activities of the moon on the Earth’s climate change on a small scale,the 24 solar terms they summarized often could not accurately predict the change of the Earth’s climate.Therefore,the author studied the influence of lunar activities on the Earth’s climate change,finds out the law of the influence of lunar activities on the Earth’s climate change on a small scale,and summarizes the eternal climate change pattern determined by the activities of the sun and the moon.In addition,the author also reveals the causes and countermeasures of global warming and the frequent occurrence of extreme weather as well as environmental change.展开更多
The article hypothesizes that DE and DM (UCM) are a “Form of Motion of a Special Nature”, where “Form of Motion” means “Eternal Motion” as the power of dynamics of different levels and varying degrees of self-su...The article hypothesizes that DE and DM (UCM) are a “Form of Motion of a Special Nature”, where “Form of Motion” means “Eternal Motion” as the power of dynamics of different levels and varying degrees of self-sufficiency, and by “Special Nature”, gravitational and two other properties of matter, “tied” to the “Eternal Movement” and completely dependent on it. Carriers of key properties of a “Special Nature” have been established: “0”-DE particles and “3”-DM particles (UDM). The unity of their inherent “motionally-gravitational” properties and the peculiarity of the relationship between “motion” and “gravity” are revealed: the higher the intensity of “Eternal Motion”, the stronger the gravitational properties of matter are manifested (and vice versa). The relationship of “time” with the “vibration frequency” and the “mass” of photons with the “degree of bonding and deformation properties of the field” is shown. The maximum level of gravity has been determined, which allows Nature to successfully create the Universe: such a landmark is the proximity to the property of the Primary Source—the “pure graviton” of the OSP space, the most powerful “motionally-gravitational” particle of the Universe. The reasons for the emergence of such an identity of the gravitational properties of particles with the indicators of a “pure graviton” are established: for “0”-DE particles, this is the acquisition of the function of “freedom of movement”;for “3”-DM particles (UDM), the creation of a special structure—a “double field” (“Main” and “Small”). The presence in the “double field” of specific “tools” for the creation of the worlds of the Universe—gravitational “waves” gives rise to impulses (shocks) of varying intensity and shape. A list of functions performed by “waves” in the “Main” and “Small” fields has been compiled. The specific conditions for the formation of “UDM Streams”, their transformation into a “Vortex” and, under the influence of a powerful Initial Impulse (push), sending them to the “place” of the creation of galaxies, are shown. It is suggested that there is a “Cycle of Matter in Nature” in the closed structure of our Universe due to the “work” of “waves” and the functioning of special “factories” in the form of exotic space objects—Black holes.展开更多
When one presumes that the gravitational mass of a neutral massenpunkt is finite, the Schwarzschild coordinates appear to fail to describe the region within the event horizon (EH), of a Schwarzschild Black Hole (SBH)....When one presumes that the gravitational mass of a neutral massenpunkt is finite, the Schwarzschild coordinates appear to fail to describe the region within the event horizon (EH), of a Schwarzschild Black Hole (SBH). Accordingly, the Kruskal coordinates were invented to map the entire spacetime associated with the SBH. But it turns out that at the EH (Mitra, IJAA, 2012), and the radial timelike geodesic of a point particle would become null. Physically this would mean that, the EH is the true singularity, i.e., M = 0, and this zero mass BH could only be a limiting static solution which must never be exactly realized. However, since in certain cases , here we evaluate this derivative in such cases, and find that, for self-consistency, one again must have at the EH. This entire result gets clarified by noting that the integration constant appearing in the vacuum Schwarzschild solution (and not for a finite object like the Sun or a planet), is zero (Mitra, J. Math. Phys., 2009). Thus though the Schwarzschild solution for a point mass is formally correct even for a massenpunkt, such a point mass or a BH cannot be formed by physical gravitational collapse. Instead, physical gravitational collapse may result in finite hot quasistatic objects asymptotically approaching this ideal mathematical limit (Mitra & Glendenning, MNRAS Lett. 2010). Indeed “the discussion of physical behavior of black holes, classical or quantum, is only of academic interest” (Narlikar & Padmanbhan, Found. Phys. 1989).展开更多
Rip Van Winkle is one of the most enduring stories of Washington Irving. It is a fantasy tale about a man who somehow "stepped outside of the mainstream of life" (Chang Yao-xin, 1991: 62). Rip Van Winkle liv...Rip Van Winkle is one of the most enduring stories of Washington Irving. It is a fantasy tale about a man who somehow "stepped outside of the mainstream of life" (Chang Yao-xin, 1991: 62). Rip Van Winkle lived in a village near the Hudson River north of New York City. He was a simple, good-natured man; he was, moreover, a kind neighbor and an obedient hen-pecked husband. Yet Rip was lazy and this kept him in constant trouble with his wife. His two favorite past-times were sitting in front of the inn, chatting with his friends, and wandering through the mountains with his dog, Wolf. On one of these trips he met a strange dwarf who invited him to join him and other strange-looking dwarfs in a drinking party and a game called nine-pins, in a remote valley. Rip drank too much of beverage and fell asleep. When he woke up, he found that during just one night, twenty years had vanished and strangers were everywhere. His scolding wife had died, and his son, every bit his counterpart in appearance and personality had grown up to replace him. At last he was reunited with a married daughter and began to live a life the same as before.展开更多
John Donne began life as the son of a prosperous London merchant who died when he was only four. His mother， a strong Catholic and daughter of John Heywood， a well-known writer and dramatist. As a young boy， he was...John Donne began life as the son of a prosperous London merchant who died when he was only four. His mother， a strong Catholic and daughter of John Heywood， a well-known writer and dramatist. As a young boy， he was an excellent student，going to Oxford University at the age of 12 and possibly Cambridge later， as well as Lincoln’s Inn， one of the law schools of the time.[1] He secretly married Lady Egerton's niece， seventeen-year-old Anne More， daughter of Sir George More. Donne dearly loved his wife， but they lived in relative poverty and difficult circumstances for a good many years. Donne wrote poetry all his life. In his 20s and 30s， he wrote some of his famous lyric poems， including the collections Satires and Songs and Sonnets. Donne is one of the most famous Metaphysical poets in the world. He came back into favor in the early twentieth century with the support of poet like T. S. Eliot and other modernists. Since then， he has maintained his position as one of the most admirable poets in British literature.[2] Donne's poetry embraces a wide range of secular and religious subjects. He wrote cynical verse about inconstancy， poems about true love，Neoplastic lyrics on the mystical union of lovers' souls and bodies and brilliant satires and hymns depicting his own spiritual struggles. In this paper，the author focus on two groups of comparisons to demonstrate her understanding. The first part is the different attitudes the laity and Donne take towards love. The second part is how the laity and Donne react when they are faced with separation.展开更多
John Milton introduces the Biblical world into literature. Some modern critics think that in Paradise Lost, Milton makes Satan a hero while God a tyrant, yet, adopting the original Biblical perception, the reader will...John Milton introduces the Biblical world into literature. Some modern critics think that in Paradise Lost, Milton makes Satan a hero while God a tyrant, yet, adopting the original Biblical perception, the reader will see the "Eternal Providence" of God and will agree that Milton has succeeded in justifying God as a Father Who says "Man Shall Find Grace". A Biblical reading of this epic will be done by focusing on its detail contents.展开更多
Aimed at the problem that the traditional ART-2 neural network can not recognize a gradually changing course, an eternal term memory (ETM) vector is introduced into ART-2 to simulate the function of human brain, i.e. ...Aimed at the problem that the traditional ART-2 neural network can not recognize a gradually changing course, an eternal term memory (ETM) vector is introduced into ART-2 to simulate the function of human brain, i.e. the deep remembrance for the initial impression.. The eternal term memory vector is determined only by the initial vector that establishes category neuron node and is used to keep the remembrance for this vector for ever. Two times of vigilance algorithm are put forward, and the posterior input vector must first pass the first vigilance of this eternal term memory vector, only succeeded has it the qualification to begin the second vigilance of long term memory vector. The long term memory vector can be revised only when both of the vigilances are passed. Results of recognition examples show that the improved ART-2 overcomes the defect of traditional ART-2 and can recognize a gradually changing course effectively.展开更多
An observer at Iguazu Falls tries to make sense of the inexpressible natural wonder through the texts of Jorge Luis Borges＇s essays and poems. Borges＇s paradoxes of time, immortality, and eternity give meaning to th...An observer at Iguazu Falls tries to make sense of the inexpressible natural wonder through the texts of Jorge Luis Borges＇s essays and poems. Borges＇s paradoxes of time, immortality, and eternity give meaning to the vision, while the natural wonder gives substance to those idealist concepts derived from Berkeley. As a reader of Borges＇s fictions, I yield up my personal identity to an impersonal dreaming consciousness that resembles Berkeley＇s mind as a consciousness sustaining the reality I perceive. Borges writes in his poem ＂Dawning＂ that ＂ideas are not like marble, everlasting, but ever-renewing like a forest or a river＂. The cataracts of Iguazu are both eternal and immortal, eternal in the sense of removing our consciousness of time and confusing past, present, and future in constant repetition, and immortal in the sense of only existing in individual drops of water constantly disappearing and renewing in infinite repetition. The cataracts are perfect emblems of this immortality. The cataracts are time, infinite moments of immortality, moving forward, accelerating, repeating themselves identically, until they achieve a certain eternity, no motion, suspended in time. I am Berkeley＇s Eternal Spirit, the consciousness evoked by Borges in his essay, ＂A New Refutation of Time＂. Distance from the immediate impact of the Falls helps transform fear and horror into sublimity. The closer to the Falls, the more the observer feels fear and anguish at his own insignificance, a fear of annihilation. Aesthetic distance requires an image or word, something that exempts us from immediate contact, and allows us to descend into the whirlpool and come back to the calm surface. The vision evoked in writing and reading fiction is both prior and subsequent to the reading. Our vision of the universe is always inexpressible, a problem of accommodating something overwhelming to the limited schemata we use to grasp existence.展开更多
In the eternal dominating set problem, guards form a dominating set on a graph and at each step, a vertex is attacked. We consider the “all guards move” of the eternal dominating set problem. In which one guard has ...In the eternal dominating set problem, guards form a dominating set on a graph and at each step, a vertex is attacked. We consider the “all guards move” of the eternal dominating set problem. In which one guard has to move to the attacked vertex and all the remaining guards are allowed to move to an adjacent vertex or stay in their current position after each attack. If the new formed set of guards is still a dominating set of the graph then we successfully defended the attack. Our goal is to find the minimum number of guards required to eternally protect the graph. We call this number the m-eternal domination number and we denote it by . In this paper we find the eternal domination number of Jahangir graph Js,m for s=2,3 and arbitrary m. We also find the domination number for J3,m .展开更多
This is a partial history of the literary topos ＂sub specie aetemitatis＂. The Latin phrase means ＂from the perspective of eternity＂. Eternity is the way God sees the universe, not as a succession of moments in tim...This is a partial history of the literary topos ＂sub specie aetemitatis＂. The Latin phrase means ＂from the perspective of eternity＂. Eternity is the way God sees the universe, not as a succession of moments in time from past, to present, to future, but as a simultaneous present which includes the past and future as if they are already and always present. This temporal simultaneity is accompanied by a spatial totality and simultaneity. In both Chaucer and Dante the protagonist ends life＇s wanderings and struggles by being carried up into the heavens and looking back on earth from the point of view of eternity. Their literary source is Maerobius＇ Commentary on the Dream of Scipio and Boethius＇ The Consolation of Philosophy. The vision results in epistemological transformation that provides consolation or ＂contemptus mundi＂, the rejection of earthly concems. The ＂sub specie aetemitatis＂ vision is both a revelation of the nature of the universe, time, and the protagonist＇s place in them and a disillusionment that radically changes the protagonist＇s understanding. The work of literature and the reading of it are potentially transformational. For the pagan lover Toilus in Chaucer＇s Troilus and Criseyde the ＂sub specie aeternitatis＂ vision results in religious conversion as well as epistemological transformation. Boethius, whom Chaucer translated, offers an analogue to the vision in the way humans perceive a sphere through their senses and reason. Dante＇s version of the vision in Paradiso xxxiii is the most famous literary example as the protagonist＇s vision merges with the vision of God as an intense ray of light. The conversion and consolation associated with the ＂sub specie aetemitatis＂ vision takes cosmic dimension in Dante. A modem example is Jorge Luis Borges＇ parody of Dante in his story ＂The Aleph＂ where a satiric vision takes place not in the heavens but in the basement of the house in Buenos Aires. In Cervantes＇ Don Quixote the ＂sub specie aetemitatis＂ trope is present by its deliberate omission, and yet performs the functions of epistemological conversion, transformation, and consolation in Don Quixote＇s death. One brief sleep and Don Quixote passes from dreaming （in Borges＇ sense of the word） a reality from the fantasy of his books of chivalry to a tree reality, similar to the conversion Troilus experiences from the sorrow of love to the pure felicity of heaven. With Don Quixote and the realist novel the ＂sub specie aetemitatis＂ vision may seem bound for extinction, at least with its cosmological apparatus of heavenly spheres, but it finds new form in the ending of Gabriel Garcia Marquez＇s One Hundred Years of Solitude. The final reading of Melquiades＇s parchments reveals that the sequential events of the novel exist as if in a simultaneous moment, like God＇s eternity, embracing all time and space in one, before the vision vanishes forever.展开更多
The ＂Tree of Death＂ is a metaphor I use to unlock my Christian assumptions on how the dead attain eternal existence in the afterlife state. The tree＇s unconcealedness, in this life and presumably the next, along wi...The ＂Tree of Death＂ is a metaphor I use to unlock my Christian assumptions on how the dead attain eternal existence in the afterlife state. The tree＇s unconcealedness, in this life and presumably the next, along with the moral habits an agent develops in this life explain the obstinacy of the dead, that is, how the agent＇s irrevocable decision to side with the God of Abraham, or not, is possible. For that to be the case, the existential relationships that generate personal identity in this life must accompany （individuate） the subject in the next life. In Christian philosophy, the person-making process mirrors the relationships of the Blessed Trinity. While Martin Heidegger is not a Christian philosopher, his view on truth and being＇s unconcealedness provides a useful piece of the argument to continue the Thomistic case for personal immortality. Heidegger is not a catholic philosopher, but the focus he places on being＇s unconcealedness is consonant with the focus Thomas Aquinas puts on the intelligibility of being. While Heidegger＇s discussion of being is rooted in Dasein＇s finitude, the Thomistic interpretation of being situates unconcealedness within the perspective of God＇s creative act. His vision resets the possibility of applying Heidegger＇s fundamental ontology beyond temporality. The paper develops through a discussion of the Tree＇s ＂branches, trunk, and roots＂ to conclude that the Christian perspective transforms Heidegger＇s view of death into ＂the ultimate possibility of possibility.＂展开更多
In a time of the global market economy, if one wants to live harmoniously together with nature or living environment, he should not think with a theoretical mode of dualist contradiction but that of harmony and coexis...In a time of the global market economy, if one wants to live harmoniously together with nature or living environment, he should not think with a theoretical mode of dualist contradiction but that of harmony and coexistence such as ＂wholeness of man and nature＂. To illustrate this point, this paper thinks The Woman Warrior and Ballad of Eternal Sorrow are two significant texts： Ballad of Eternal Sorrow tells an ordinary, self-respecting, and life-respecting story of WANG Qi-yao and the girls like her as well as the city Shanghai. They blend into one harmonious whole： The city is like the girls and the girls match the city. Likewise, The Woman Warrior highlights the significance of naturc on the girl narrator＇s epiphany and healthy growth. The narrator comes to understand that paradoxes are the basic existent condition of human beings and so what she needs to do is to be magnanimous and balanceable in accepting these paradoxes.展开更多
In this paper an extensive amount of evidence is presented that our genome,and in particular the DNA acts as a quantum computer.The human genome contains approximately 3 billion A-T and G-C base pairs,which reside in ...In this paper an extensive amount of evidence is presented that our genome,and in particular the DNA acts as a quantum computer.The human genome contains approximately 3 billion A-T and G-C base pairs,which reside in the 23 pairs of chromosomes within the nucleus of all our cells.And it estimated that only a fraction(about 4%)of these base pairs is involved in the synthesis of proteins.The prevailing scientific view is that the remainder of the DNA is just“junk”.Here is presented a great deal of evidence about the electronic as well as the quantum mechanical properties of DNA,and once it is accepted that the DNA is an electronic medium,which is operating over and above the mere synthesis of proteins,then it is but a short step to surmise that all that so-called junk DNA is actually capable of storing a sufficient amount of data to generate an entire universe.Given the fact then that our universe is computer generated and virtual,that makes us,indeed all living creatures,pseudophysical robots,and certain properties of our universe such as Gravity and Time purely fictitious.From this point of view then the famous discourse in Thus Spoke Zarathustra“Of the Vision and the Riddle”becomes readily explainable.Zarathustra talks about the Spirit of Gravity as a dwarf that has jumped on his back and is oppressing him.It then jumps off his back and he is able to see our supposedly physical life for what it is-a fiction,and illusion.Likewise the now,the current moment in time in which we are living is referred to as the“gateway”between a fictitious computer-generated past and a hypothetical,as yet undetermined future.An explanation is also given for“eternal recurrence”.Nietzsche is prophesizing that genetic technology will advance to the point where we humans will be cloned from our DNA when we die,and we will be able to live an infinite number of lifetimes.We will be reincarnated.展开更多
ZHANG Zhaohui was born in the 1970s. Her studio is piled high with paintings, and she uses a corner of it to arrange withered sunflowers. "Although withered, they are still eternal and vibrant," she says. Zh...ZHANG Zhaohui was born in the 1970s. Her studio is piled high with paintings, and she uses a corner of it to arrange withered sunflowers. "Although withered, they are still eternal and vibrant," she says. Zhang likes to paint sunflowers, living and withered, because she equates them with life.While studying at the Central Academy of Fine Arts, Zhang went to the countryside to sketch. Exposure to nature while she展开更多
As the greatest lyric poet of the 20th century,Yeats fully expresses his pursuit of eternal spiritual home in his poem“Sailing to Byzantium”.This paper analyzes the text and discusses how the poet strives to pursue ...As the greatest lyric poet of the 20th century,Yeats fully expresses his pursuit of eternal spiritual home in his poem“Sailing to Byzantium”.This paper analyzes the text and discusses how the poet strives to pursue his spiritual home,so as to deepen our readers’understanding of“eternity”theme in the poem.Seeking the Spiritual Home—Sailing to Byzantium.展开更多
The poetry is not merely a bundle of "poetic" objects or a box with tinsel ribbon decoration.Poetry is an expression of the emotion,an experience of the objective,bustling world.To have a penetrating and com...The poetry is not merely a bundle of "poetic" objects or a box with tinsel ribbon decoration.Poetry is an expression of the emotion,an experience of the objective,bustling world.To have a penetrating and comprehensive understanding of the poems by Sylvia Plath and Ge Mai,firstly,comparing in the description:images,moods and attitudes;then,analyzing the inner meaning related to the metaphor and symbol;finally,emphasizing that it is courage makes the beauty spring from the poetry.展开更多
FIVE years ago, an ancient Chinese air was beamed to outer space as a PR exercise. To humankind, music is a universal language, so the tune seemed an ideal medium for communication with extraterrestrial intelligence. ...FIVE years ago, an ancient Chinese air was beamed to outer space as a PR exercise. To humankind, music is a universal language, so the tune seemed an ideal medium for communication with extraterrestrial intelligence. So far there has been no response, but it is believed that the tune will play for a billion years, and eventually be heard and understood. The melody is called High Mountain and Flowing Stream, and it is played on the guqin, a seven-stringed classical musical instrument similar to the zither.展开更多
文摘It is an objective fact that the weather is unpredictable.Even the famous meteorologist,Academician Chu Ko Chen,has only a partial understanding of the changing laws of wind and rain.Even though ancient people summarized the 24 solar terms by observing the annual activities of the sun for a long time,because they ignored the impact of the activities of the moon on the Earth’s climate change on a small scale,the 24 solar terms they summarized often could not accurately predict the change of the Earth’s climate.Therefore,the author studied the influence of lunar activities on the Earth’s climate change,finds out the law of the influence of lunar activities on the Earth’s climate change on a small scale,and summarizes the eternal climate change pattern determined by the activities of the sun and the moon.In addition,the author also reveals the causes and countermeasures of global warming and the frequent occurrence of extreme weather as well as environmental change.
文摘The article hypothesizes that DE and DM (UCM) are a “Form of Motion of a Special Nature”, where “Form of Motion” means “Eternal Motion” as the power of dynamics of different levels and varying degrees of self-sufficiency, and by “Special Nature”, gravitational and two other properties of matter, “tied” to the “Eternal Movement” and completely dependent on it. Carriers of key properties of a “Special Nature” have been established: “0”-DE particles and “3”-DM particles (UDM). The unity of their inherent “motionally-gravitational” properties and the peculiarity of the relationship between “motion” and “gravity” are revealed: the higher the intensity of “Eternal Motion”, the stronger the gravitational properties of matter are manifested (and vice versa). The relationship of “time” with the “vibration frequency” and the “mass” of photons with the “degree of bonding and deformation properties of the field” is shown. The maximum level of gravity has been determined, which allows Nature to successfully create the Universe: such a landmark is the proximity to the property of the Primary Source—the “pure graviton” of the OSP space, the most powerful “motionally-gravitational” particle of the Universe. The reasons for the emergence of such an identity of the gravitational properties of particles with the indicators of a “pure graviton” are established: for “0”-DE particles, this is the acquisition of the function of “freedom of movement”;for “3”-DM particles (UDM), the creation of a special structure—a “double field” (“Main” and “Small”). The presence in the “double field” of specific “tools” for the creation of the worlds of the Universe—gravitational “waves” gives rise to impulses (shocks) of varying intensity and shape. A list of functions performed by “waves” in the “Main” and “Small” fields has been compiled. The specific conditions for the formation of “UDM Streams”, their transformation into a “Vortex” and, under the influence of a powerful Initial Impulse (push), sending them to the “place” of the creation of galaxies, are shown. It is suggested that there is a “Cycle of Matter in Nature” in the closed structure of our Universe due to the “work” of “waves” and the functioning of special “factories” in the form of exotic space objects—Black holes.
文摘When one presumes that the gravitational mass of a neutral massenpunkt is finite, the Schwarzschild coordinates appear to fail to describe the region within the event horizon (EH), of a Schwarzschild Black Hole (SBH). Accordingly, the Kruskal coordinates were invented to map the entire spacetime associated with the SBH. But it turns out that at the EH (Mitra, IJAA, 2012), and the radial timelike geodesic of a point particle would become null. Physically this would mean that, the EH is the true singularity, i.e., M = 0, and this zero mass BH could only be a limiting static solution which must never be exactly realized. However, since in certain cases , here we evaluate this derivative in such cases, and find that, for self-consistency, one again must have at the EH. This entire result gets clarified by noting that the integration constant appearing in the vacuum Schwarzschild solution (and not for a finite object like the Sun or a planet), is zero (Mitra, J. Math. Phys., 2009). Thus though the Schwarzschild solution for a point mass is formally correct even for a massenpunkt, such a point mass or a BH cannot be formed by physical gravitational collapse. Instead, physical gravitational collapse may result in finite hot quasistatic objects asymptotically approaching this ideal mathematical limit (Mitra & Glendenning, MNRAS Lett. 2010). Indeed “the discussion of physical behavior of black holes, classical or quantum, is only of academic interest” (Narlikar & Padmanbhan, Found. Phys. 1989).
文摘Rip Van Winkle is one of the most enduring stories of Washington Irving. It is a fantasy tale about a man who somehow "stepped outside of the mainstream of life" (Chang Yao-xin, 1991: 62). Rip Van Winkle lived in a village near the Hudson River north of New York City. He was a simple, good-natured man; he was, moreover, a kind neighbor and an obedient hen-pecked husband. Yet Rip was lazy and this kept him in constant trouble with his wife. His two favorite past-times were sitting in front of the inn, chatting with his friends, and wandering through the mountains with his dog, Wolf. On one of these trips he met a strange dwarf who invited him to join him and other strange-looking dwarfs in a drinking party and a game called nine-pins, in a remote valley. Rip drank too much of beverage and fell asleep. When he woke up, he found that during just one night, twenty years had vanished and strangers were everywhere. His scolding wife had died, and his son, every bit his counterpart in appearance and personality had grown up to replace him. At last he was reunited with a married daughter and began to live a life the same as before.
文摘John Donne began life as the son of a prosperous London merchant who died when he was only four. His mother， a strong Catholic and daughter of John Heywood， a well-known writer and dramatist. As a young boy， he was an excellent student，going to Oxford University at the age of 12 and possibly Cambridge later， as well as Lincoln’s Inn， one of the law schools of the time.[1] He secretly married Lady Egerton's niece， seventeen-year-old Anne More， daughter of Sir George More. Donne dearly loved his wife， but they lived in relative poverty and difficult circumstances for a good many years. Donne wrote poetry all his life. In his 20s and 30s， he wrote some of his famous lyric poems， including the collections Satires and Songs and Sonnets. Donne is one of the most famous Metaphysical poets in the world. He came back into favor in the early twentieth century with the support of poet like T. S. Eliot and other modernists. Since then， he has maintained his position as one of the most admirable poets in British literature.[2] Donne's poetry embraces a wide range of secular and religious subjects. He wrote cynical verse about inconstancy， poems about true love，Neoplastic lyrics on the mystical union of lovers' souls and bodies and brilliant satires and hymns depicting his own spiritual struggles. In this paper，the author focus on two groups of comparisons to demonstrate her understanding. The first part is the different attitudes the laity and Donne take towards love. The second part is how the laity and Donne react when they are faced with separation.
文摘John Milton introduces the Biblical world into literature. Some modern critics think that in Paradise Lost, Milton makes Satan a hero while God a tyrant, yet, adopting the original Biblical perception, the reader will see the "Eternal Providence" of God and will agree that Milton has succeeded in justifying God as a Father Who says "Man Shall Find Grace". A Biblical reading of this epic will be done by focusing on its detail contents.
基金Sponsored by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 50305005)
文摘Aimed at the problem that the traditional ART-2 neural network can not recognize a gradually changing course, an eternal term memory (ETM) vector is introduced into ART-2 to simulate the function of human brain, i.e. the deep remembrance for the initial impression.. The eternal term memory vector is determined only by the initial vector that establishes category neuron node and is used to keep the remembrance for this vector for ever. Two times of vigilance algorithm are put forward, and the posterior input vector must first pass the first vigilance of this eternal term memory vector, only succeeded has it the qualification to begin the second vigilance of long term memory vector. The long term memory vector can be revised only when both of the vigilances are passed. Results of recognition examples show that the improved ART-2 overcomes the defect of traditional ART-2 and can recognize a gradually changing course effectively.
文摘An observer at Iguazu Falls tries to make sense of the inexpressible natural wonder through the texts of Jorge Luis Borges＇s essays and poems. Borges＇s paradoxes of time, immortality, and eternity give meaning to the vision, while the natural wonder gives substance to those idealist concepts derived from Berkeley. As a reader of Borges＇s fictions, I yield up my personal identity to an impersonal dreaming consciousness that resembles Berkeley＇s mind as a consciousness sustaining the reality I perceive. Borges writes in his poem ＂Dawning＂ that ＂ideas are not like marble, everlasting, but ever-renewing like a forest or a river＂. The cataracts of Iguazu are both eternal and immortal, eternal in the sense of removing our consciousness of time and confusing past, present, and future in constant repetition, and immortal in the sense of only existing in individual drops of water constantly disappearing and renewing in infinite repetition. The cataracts are perfect emblems of this immortality. The cataracts are time, infinite moments of immortality, moving forward, accelerating, repeating themselves identically, until they achieve a certain eternity, no motion, suspended in time. I am Berkeley＇s Eternal Spirit, the consciousness evoked by Borges in his essay, ＂A New Refutation of Time＂. Distance from the immediate impact of the Falls helps transform fear and horror into sublimity. The closer to the Falls, the more the observer feels fear and anguish at his own insignificance, a fear of annihilation. Aesthetic distance requires an image or word, something that exempts us from immediate contact, and allows us to descend into the whirlpool and come back to the calm surface. The vision evoked in writing and reading fiction is both prior and subsequent to the reading. Our vision of the universe is always inexpressible, a problem of accommodating something overwhelming to the limited schemata we use to grasp existence.
文摘In the eternal dominating set problem, guards form a dominating set on a graph and at each step, a vertex is attacked. We consider the “all guards move” of the eternal dominating set problem. In which one guard has to move to the attacked vertex and all the remaining guards are allowed to move to an adjacent vertex or stay in their current position after each attack. If the new formed set of guards is still a dominating set of the graph then we successfully defended the attack. Our goal is to find the minimum number of guards required to eternally protect the graph. We call this number the m-eternal domination number and we denote it by . In this paper we find the eternal domination number of Jahangir graph Js,m for s=2,3 and arbitrary m. We also find the domination number for J3,m .
文摘This is a partial history of the literary topos ＂sub specie aetemitatis＂. The Latin phrase means ＂from the perspective of eternity＂. Eternity is the way God sees the universe, not as a succession of moments in time from past, to present, to future, but as a simultaneous present which includes the past and future as if they are already and always present. This temporal simultaneity is accompanied by a spatial totality and simultaneity. In both Chaucer and Dante the protagonist ends life＇s wanderings and struggles by being carried up into the heavens and looking back on earth from the point of view of eternity. Their literary source is Maerobius＇ Commentary on the Dream of Scipio and Boethius＇ The Consolation of Philosophy. The vision results in epistemological transformation that provides consolation or ＂contemptus mundi＂, the rejection of earthly concems. The ＂sub specie aetemitatis＂ vision is both a revelation of the nature of the universe, time, and the protagonist＇s place in them and a disillusionment that radically changes the protagonist＇s understanding. The work of literature and the reading of it are potentially transformational. For the pagan lover Toilus in Chaucer＇s Troilus and Criseyde the ＂sub specie aeternitatis＂ vision results in religious conversion as well as epistemological transformation. Boethius, whom Chaucer translated, offers an analogue to the vision in the way humans perceive a sphere through their senses and reason. Dante＇s version of the vision in Paradiso xxxiii is the most famous literary example as the protagonist＇s vision merges with the vision of God as an intense ray of light. The conversion and consolation associated with the ＂sub specie aetemitatis＂ vision takes cosmic dimension in Dante. A modem example is Jorge Luis Borges＇ parody of Dante in his story ＂The Aleph＂ where a satiric vision takes place not in the heavens but in the basement of the house in Buenos Aires. In Cervantes＇ Don Quixote the ＂sub specie aetemitatis＂ trope is present by its deliberate omission, and yet performs the functions of epistemological conversion, transformation, and consolation in Don Quixote＇s death. One brief sleep and Don Quixote passes from dreaming （in Borges＇ sense of the word） a reality from the fantasy of his books of chivalry to a tree reality, similar to the conversion Troilus experiences from the sorrow of love to the pure felicity of heaven. With Don Quixote and the realist novel the ＂sub specie aetemitatis＂ vision may seem bound for extinction, at least with its cosmological apparatus of heavenly spheres, but it finds new form in the ending of Gabriel Garcia Marquez＇s One Hundred Years of Solitude. The final reading of Melquiades＇s parchments reveals that the sequential events of the novel exist as if in a simultaneous moment, like God＇s eternity, embracing all time and space in one, before the vision vanishes forever.
文摘The ＂Tree of Death＂ is a metaphor I use to unlock my Christian assumptions on how the dead attain eternal existence in the afterlife state. The tree＇s unconcealedness, in this life and presumably the next, along with the moral habits an agent develops in this life explain the obstinacy of the dead, that is, how the agent＇s irrevocable decision to side with the God of Abraham, or not, is possible. For that to be the case, the existential relationships that generate personal identity in this life must accompany （individuate） the subject in the next life. In Christian philosophy, the person-making process mirrors the relationships of the Blessed Trinity. While Martin Heidegger is not a Christian philosopher, his view on truth and being＇s unconcealedness provides a useful piece of the argument to continue the Thomistic case for personal immortality. Heidegger is not a catholic philosopher, but the focus he places on being＇s unconcealedness is consonant with the focus Thomas Aquinas puts on the intelligibility of being. While Heidegger＇s discussion of being is rooted in Dasein＇s finitude, the Thomistic interpretation of being situates unconcealedness within the perspective of God＇s creative act. His vision resets the possibility of applying Heidegger＇s fundamental ontology beyond temporality. The paper develops through a discussion of the Tree＇s ＂branches, trunk, and roots＂ to conclude that the Christian perspective transforms Heidegger＇s view of death into ＂the ultimate possibility of possibility.＂
文摘In a time of the global market economy, if one wants to live harmoniously together with nature or living environment, he should not think with a theoretical mode of dualist contradiction but that of harmony and coexistence such as ＂wholeness of man and nature＂. To illustrate this point, this paper thinks The Woman Warrior and Ballad of Eternal Sorrow are two significant texts： Ballad of Eternal Sorrow tells an ordinary, self-respecting, and life-respecting story of WANG Qi-yao and the girls like her as well as the city Shanghai. They blend into one harmonious whole： The city is like the girls and the girls match the city. Likewise, The Woman Warrior highlights the significance of naturc on the girl narrator＇s epiphany and healthy growth. The narrator comes to understand that paradoxes are the basic existent condition of human beings and so what she needs to do is to be magnanimous and balanceable in accepting these paradoxes.
文摘In this paper an extensive amount of evidence is presented that our genome,and in particular the DNA acts as a quantum computer.The human genome contains approximately 3 billion A-T and G-C base pairs,which reside in the 23 pairs of chromosomes within the nucleus of all our cells.And it estimated that only a fraction(about 4%)of these base pairs is involved in the synthesis of proteins.The prevailing scientific view is that the remainder of the DNA is just“junk”.Here is presented a great deal of evidence about the electronic as well as the quantum mechanical properties of DNA,and once it is accepted that the DNA is an electronic medium,which is operating over and above the mere synthesis of proteins,then it is but a short step to surmise that all that so-called junk DNA is actually capable of storing a sufficient amount of data to generate an entire universe.Given the fact then that our universe is computer generated and virtual,that makes us,indeed all living creatures,pseudophysical robots,and certain properties of our universe such as Gravity and Time purely fictitious.From this point of view then the famous discourse in Thus Spoke Zarathustra“Of the Vision and the Riddle”becomes readily explainable.Zarathustra talks about the Spirit of Gravity as a dwarf that has jumped on his back and is oppressing him.It then jumps off his back and he is able to see our supposedly physical life for what it is-a fiction,and illusion.Likewise the now,the current moment in time in which we are living is referred to as the“gateway”between a fictitious computer-generated past and a hypothetical,as yet undetermined future.An explanation is also given for“eternal recurrence”.Nietzsche is prophesizing that genetic technology will advance to the point where we humans will be cloned from our DNA when we die,and we will be able to live an infinite number of lifetimes.We will be reincarnated.
文摘ZHANG Zhaohui was born in the 1970s. Her studio is piled high with paintings, and she uses a corner of it to arrange withered sunflowers. "Although withered, they are still eternal and vibrant," she says. Zhang likes to paint sunflowers, living and withered, because she equates them with life.While studying at the Central Academy of Fine Arts, Zhang went to the countryside to sketch. Exposure to nature while she
文摘As the greatest lyric poet of the 20th century,Yeats fully expresses his pursuit of eternal spiritual home in his poem“Sailing to Byzantium”.This paper analyzes the text and discusses how the poet strives to pursue his spiritual home,so as to deepen our readers’understanding of“eternity”theme in the poem.Seeking the Spiritual Home—Sailing to Byzantium.
文摘The poetry is not merely a bundle of "poetic" objects or a box with tinsel ribbon decoration.Poetry is an expression of the emotion,an experience of the objective,bustling world.To have a penetrating and comprehensive understanding of the poems by Sylvia Plath and Ge Mai,firstly,comparing in the description:images,moods and attitudes;then,analyzing the inner meaning related to the metaphor and symbol;finally,emphasizing that it is courage makes the beauty spring from the poetry.
文摘FIVE years ago, an ancient Chinese air was beamed to outer space as a PR exercise. To humankind, music is a universal language, so the tune seemed an ideal medium for communication with extraterrestrial intelligence. So far there has been no response, but it is believed that the tune will play for a billion years, and eventually be heard and understood. The melody is called High Mountain and Flowing Stream, and it is played on the guqin, a seven-stringed classical musical instrument similar to the zither.
