Objective To investigate the effect of selenium supplementation on the selenium status and selenoenzyme, especially the activity and mRNA expression of type 1 deiodinase (D1) in mice with excessive iodine (EI) intake ...Objective To investigate the effect of selenium supplementation on the selenium status and selenoenzyme, especially the activity and mRNA expression of type 1 deiodinase (D1) in mice with excessive iodine (EI) intake and to explore the mechanism of selenium intervention on iodine-induced abnormities. Methods Weanling female BALB/c mice were given tap water or 3 mg/L of iodine or supplemented with 0.5 mg/L or 1.0 mg/L of selenium in the presence of excessive iodine for 5 months. Selenium status, thyroid hormone level, hepatic and renal D1 activity and mRNA expression were examined. Results Excessive iodine intake significantly decreased the selenium concentration in urine and liver, and the activity of glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) in liver. Meanwhile, serum total T4 (TT4) increased while serum total T3 (TT3) decreased. Hepatic D1 enzyme activity and mRNA expression were reduced by 33% and 86%, respectively. Renal D1 enzyme activity and mRNA were reduced by 30% and 55%, respectively. Selenium supplementation obviously increased selenium concentration, activity of GSH-Px and D1 as well as mRNA expression of D1. However, increasing the supplementation of Se from 0.5 to 1.0 mg/L did not further increase selenoenzyme activity and expression. Conclusion Relative selenium deficiency caused by excessive iodine plays an essential role in the mechanism of iodine-induced abnormalities. An appropriate dose of selenium supplementation exercises a beneficial intervention.展开更多
In order to study the effect of excessive iodine on immune function of lymphocytes and the role of selenium supplementation with excessive iodine intake,the changes of T lymphocyte number,ratio of subsets,activity of ...In order to study the effect of excessive iodine on immune function of lymphocytes and the role of selenium supplementation with excessive iodine intake,the changes of T lymphocyte number,ratio of subsets,activity of natural killer(NK) cells and lymphocytes proliferation response were investigated.150 female BALB/C mice were randomly divided into 5 groups in terms of their body weight(n=30 in each group),and 10 of each group were taken as one batch for test.Mice in the 5 groups were orally administrated with iodine 0(group Ⅰ),1500(group Ⅱ),3000(group Ⅲ),6000 μg/L(group Ⅳ),iodine 6000 μg/L plus selenium 0.3 mg/L(group Ⅴ) respectively for 30 days.Lymphocyte proliferation response,CD4+/CD8+,Th1/Th2 and the activity of NK cells were meas-ured.CD4+/CD8+ was significantly lower,while lymphocyte proliferation response stronger,and Th1/Th2 and the activity of NK cells significantly higher in group Ⅳ than in group Ⅰ(P<0.01).There was no significant difference in all indexes between group Ⅴ and group Ⅰ(P>0.05).It was suggested that excessive iodine as exogenous chemical materials can induce disorders of T lympho-cyte immune function in mice.0.3 mg/L selenium supplementation can protect mice against toxicity induced by 6000 μg/L iodine.展开更多
Objective Studies on the relationship between iodine,vitamin A(VA),and vitamin D(VD)and thyroid function are limited.This study aimed to analyze iodine and thyroid-stimulating hormone(TSH)status and their possible rel...Objective Studies on the relationship between iodine,vitamin A(VA),and vitamin D(VD)and thyroid function are limited.This study aimed to analyze iodine and thyroid-stimulating hormone(TSH)status and their possible relationships with VA,VD,and other factors in postpartum women.Methods A total of 1,311 mothers(896 lactating and 415 non-lactating)from Hebei,Zhejiang,and Guangxi provinces were included in this study.The urinary iodine concentration(UIC),TSH,VA,and VD were measured.Results The median UIC of total and lactating participants were 142.00µg/L and 139.95µg/L,respectively.The median TSH,VA,and VD levels in all the participants were 1.89 mIU/L,0.44μg/mL,and 24.04 ng/mL,respectively.No differences in the UIC were found between lactating and non-lactating mothers.UIC and TSH levels were significantly different among the three provinces.The rural UIC was higher than the urban UIC.Obese mothers had a higher UIC and a higher prevalence of excessive TSH.Higher UICs and TSHs levels were observed in both the VD deficiency and insufficiency groups than in the VD-sufficient group.After adjustment,no linear correlation was observed between UIC and VA/VD.No interaction was found between vitamins A/D and UIC on TSH levels.Conclusion The mothers in the present study had no iodine deficiency.Region,area type,BMI,and VD may be related to the iodine status or TSH levels.展开更多
Introduction: In hyperthyroidism, selective irradiation of the thyroid gland with radioactive iodine is a radical treatment and an alternative to surgery. The aim of this review is to assess the medium-term efficacy o...Introduction: In hyperthyroidism, selective irradiation of the thyroid gland with radioactive iodine is a radical treatment and an alternative to surgery. The aim of this review is to assess the medium-term efficacy of outpatient treatment of hyperthyroidism with iodine-131 in Africa. Methods: We identified the studies carried out in Africa on outpatient radiation therapy between 2016 and 2020. For each article included, we noted the country concerned and the year of publication, the numbers studied, the socio-demographic characteristics of the patients, the indications for radio iodine therapy, the dose administered, the results of the hormonal dosage 6 months after radiation. Results: 13 retrospective studies were included to constitute a total population of 925 patients. The average age was 40.77 years, the sex ratio of 1/5.4 with a clear female predominance. The 3 main etiologies of hyperthyroidism justifying outpatient radio iodine therapy were Graves’ disease (55.89%), toxic multinodular goiter (22.70%) and toxic adenoma (21.40%). The average dose of iodine 131 administered per course is 13.7 mCi. No short-and medium-term complications were reported. The radio iodine therapy was effective in 86.08% (n = 796) of the patients with extremes of 72% and 100%. Conclusion: Radio iodine therapy is effective in Africa. It is simple, inexpensive on an outpatient basis and well tolerated. The introduction of outpatient radio iodine therapy could improve the management of patients with hyperthyroidism in Burkina Faso.展开更多
Introduction: Graves’ disease is the most common cause of hyperthyroidism. Its treatment uses synthetic antithyroid drugs but the use of aggressive radical therapy such as surgery or non-aggressive therapy such as io...Introduction: Graves’ disease is the most common cause of hyperthyroidism. Its treatment uses synthetic antithyroid drugs but the use of aggressive radical therapy such as surgery or non-aggressive therapy such as iodine-131 is not uncommon. Treatment of Graves’ disease with radioactive iodine or iratherapy is a simple, inexpensive, well-tolerated treatment. It was introduced in Senegal in 2016. We report through this work the preliminary assessment of the only nuclear medicine service in Senegal in the management of Graves’ disease by iodine-131. Patients and Methods: Retrospective study of the first cases of Graves’ disease treated with iratherapy in Senegal. Socio-demographic, clinical, paraclinical, therapeutic and evolutionary aspects were studied. Radiation protection rules have been implemented and contraception has been effective for six months in women of childbearing age. Results: 25 patients were collected with a mean age of 45 years, twenty women (80%), a family goiter in 24% and a psycho-affective context in 64% of cases. Thyrotoxicosis syndrome was associated with goiter in 68% of patients and exophthalmos in 64%. Thyroid ultrasound performed in 20 patients showed vascular goiter in 80% and thyroid scintigraphy in 3 patients, homogeneous and diffuse hyperfixation. TRAK dosed in 8 patients was still positive. All patients had received first-line medical treatment. The average duration of this treatment was more than 18 months in 92%. The empirically used iodine-131 activity averaged 15.35 mCi. Oral corticosteroid therapy was prescribed in 7 patients for the prevention of malignant orbitopathy. No early side effects were noted. The remission rate at 3 months was 52% and at 6 months was 88% to 92%. Conclusion: The effectiveness of radioactive iodine, in particular ablative doses in the treatment of hyperthyroidism, is no longer to be demonstrated. Taking into account our socioeconomic context, iratherapy should be a treatment of choice for hyperthyroidism with a good quality/price ratio and excellent tolerance.展开更多
Objective This study assesses the impact of iodine-rich processed foods and dining places on the iodine nutritional status of children.Methods School-aged children(SAC) in seven provinces in China were selected by sch...Objective This study assesses the impact of iodine-rich processed foods and dining places on the iodine nutritional status of children.Methods School-aged children(SAC) in seven provinces in China were selected by school-based multistage sampling. Urinary iodine, salt iodine, and thyroid volume(TVOL) were determined. Questionnaires were used to investigate dining places and iodine-rich processed foods. The water iodine was from the2017 national survey. Multi-factor regression analysis was used to find correlations between variables.Results Children ate 78.7% of their meals at home, 15.1% at school canteens, and 6.1% at other places.The percentage of daily iodine intake from water, iodized salt, iodine-rich processed foods, and cooked food were 1.0%, 79.2%, 1.5%, and 18.4%, respectively. The salt iodine was correlated with the urinary iodine and TVOL, respectively(r = 0.999 and-0.997, P < 0.05). The iodine intake in processed foods was weakly correlated with the TVOL(r = 0.080, P < 0.01). Non-iodized salt used in processed foods or diets when eating out had less effect on children’s iodine nutrition status.Conclusion Iodized salt remains the primary source of daily iodine intake of SAC, and processed food has less effect on iodine nutrition. Therefore, for children, iodized salt should be a compulsory supplement in their routine diet.展开更多
Rechargeable aqueous zinc iodine(ZnǀǀI_(2))batteries have been promising energy storage technologies due to low-cost position and constitutional safety of zinc anode,iodine cathode and aqueous electrolytes.Whereas,on ...Rechargeable aqueous zinc iodine(ZnǀǀI_(2))batteries have been promising energy storage technologies due to low-cost position and constitutional safety of zinc anode,iodine cathode and aqueous electrolytes.Whereas,on one hand,the low-fraction utilization of electrochemically inert host causes severe shuttle of soluble polyiodides,deficient iodine utilization and sluggish reaction kinetics.On the other hand,the usage of high mass polar electrocatalysts occupies mass and volume of electrode materials and sacrifices device-level energy density.Here,we propose a“confinement-catalysis”host composed of Fe single atom catalyst embedding inside ordered mesoporous carbon host,which can effectively confine and catalytically convert I_(2)/I^(−)couple and polyiodide intermediates.Consequently,the cathode enables the high capacity of 188.2 mAh g^(−1)at 0.3 A g^(−1),excellent rate capability with a capacity of 139.6 mAh g^(−1)delivered at high current density of 15 A g^(−1)and ultra-long cyclic stability over 50,000 cycles with 80.5%initial capacity retained under high iodine loading of 76.72 wt%.Furthermore,the electrocatalytic host can also accelerate the I^(+)↔I_(2)conversion.The greatly improved electrochemical performance originates from the modulation of physicochemical confinement and the decrease of energy barrier for reversible I−/I_(2)and I_(2)/I^(+)couples,and polyiodide intermediates conversions.展开更多
Objective To investigate the supply of iodized salt in non-excessive iodine counties and iodine-free salt in excessive iodine counties at household level in Jiangsu Province so as to provide a basis for the prevention...Objective To investigate the supply of iodized salt in non-excessive iodine counties and iodine-free salt in excessive iodine counties at household level in Jiangsu Province so as to provide a basis for the prevention and control of iodine deficiency disorders (IDD) .展开更多
Heat-killed Bifidobacterium longum CLA8013 has been demonstrated to improve the frequency of defecation, straining, and pain during defecation in human placebo-controlled, double-blind, parallel-group studies. We cond...Heat-killed Bifidobacterium longum CLA8013 has been demonstrated to improve the frequency of defecation, straining, and pain during defecation in human placebo-controlled, double-blind, parallel-group studies. We conducted a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, parallel-group study to evaluate the safety of both long-term and excessive intakes of heat-killed B. longum CLA8013, when used as a food with functional claims. In both tests, 30 healthy volunteers were divided into two groups: an active group that ingested heat-killed B. longum CLA8013 and a placebo group. In the long-term intake safety study, participants in the active group ingested 25 billion cells/day for 12 weeks. In the excessive intake safety study, participants in the active group ingested 125 billion cells/day for 4 weeks. Physical, hematological, biochemical, and urine examinations were conducted, and adverse events were evaluated in both studies. The studies revealed no abnormalities in any of the safety tests. In conclusion, no safety-related issues were identified with long-term or excessive intake of heat-killed B. longum CLA8013.展开更多
The iodine value (iodine number) and hydroxyl value are important analytical characteristics of fats and oils. The iodine (I<sub>2</sub>) required saturating the fatty acids present in 100 grams of the oil...The iodine value (iodine number) and hydroxyl value are important analytical characteristics of fats and oils. The iodine (I<sub>2</sub>) required saturating the fatty acids present in 100 grams of the oil or fat. Iodine value is a measure of the total number of double bonds (-C=C-) present in fats and oils. Unsaturated compounds contain molecules with double and triple bonds which are very reactive towards iodine. The iodine value has been determined according to Hanus with iodine monobromide in glacial acetic acid, and then the amount of iodine remaining unreacted is determined by titration using sodium thiosulfate volumetric standard solution. The hydroxyl value is the amount of potassium hydroxide in milligrams that is equivalent to the hydroxyl amount of 1 gram of the sample (mg KOH/g sample). Poloxyl Stearyl Ether is a mixture of the monostearyl ethers of mixed polyethylene glycols. It may contain various amounts of free stearyl alcohol and some free polyethylene glycol. In this study, the iodine value and hydroxyl value have been determined by titration in polyoxyl stearyl ether. Iodine value 1.84 g of I<sub>2</sub> absorbed/100g sample, and hydroxyl value 162.65 mg KOH/g sample have been found in poloxyl stearyl ether. The iodine value and hydroxyl value results met the United States Pharmacopeia specifications for Polyoxyl Stearyl Ether.展开更多
Numerous studies have been conducted on microfluidic mixers in various microanalysis systems, which elucidated the manipulation and control of small fluid volumes within microfluidic chips. These studies have demonstr...Numerous studies have been conducted on microfluidic mixers in various microanalysis systems, which elucidated the manipulation and control of small fluid volumes within microfluidic chips. These studies have demonstrated the ability to control fluids and samples precisely at the microscale. Microfluidic mixers provide high sensitivity for biochemical analysis due to their small volumes and high surface-to-volume ratios. A promising approach in drug delivery is the rapid microfluidic mixer-based extraction of elemental iodine at the micro level, demonstrating the versatility and the potential to enhance diagnostic imaging and accuracy in targeted drug delivery. Micro-mixing inside microfluidic chips plays a key role in biochemical analysis. The experimental study describes a microfluidic mixer for extraction of elemental iodine using carbon tetrachloride with a gas bubble mixing process. Gas bubbles are generated inside the microcavity to create turbulence and micro-vortices resulting in uniform mixing of samples. The bubble mixing of biochemical samples is analyzed at various pressure levels to validate the simulated results in computational fluid dynamics(CFD). The experimental setup includes a high-resolution camera and an air pump to observe the mixing process and volume at different pressure levels with time. The bubble formation is controlled by adjusting the inert gas flow inside the microfluidic chip. Microfluidic chip-based gas bubble mixing effects have been elaborated at various supplied pressures.展开更多
Objective This study explored whether thyroglobulin and thyroid disease prevalence rates were higher in pregnant Chinese women with a median urinary iodine concentration of 100-149μg/L,compared with those with a medi...Objective This study explored whether thyroglobulin and thyroid disease prevalence rates were higher in pregnant Chinese women with a median urinary iodine concentration of 100-149μg/L,compared with those with a median urinary iodine concentration of 150-249μg/L maintained through sustainable universal salt iodization.Methods This was a cross-sectional study in which 812 healthy pregnant women were enrolled to collect samples of their household edible salt,urine,and blood during their routine antenatal care in the18 counties in Fujian Province,China.The levels of salt iodine concentration,urinary iodine concentration(UIC),free triiodothyronine(FT3),free thyroid hormone(FT4),thyroid-stimulating hormone(TSH),thyroglobulin(Tg),thyroid peroxidase antibody and thyroglobulin antibody were assessed during the routine antenatal care visits.Results The median UIC(m UIC)in pregnant women was 130.8μg/L(interquartile range=91.5-198.1μg/L)in the counties with an m UIC of 100-149μg/L(Group I),and 172.0μg/L(interquartile range=123.5-244.4μg/L)in the counties with an m UIC of 150-249μg/L(Group II).Goiter prevalence and thyroid nodule detection rates showed no difference between Group I and Group II(P>0.05).Except for FT4 values,the TSH,FT4,FT3,Tg and Tg values>40(μg/L)and the thyroid diseases prevalence rate(TDR)showed no significant differences between Group I and Group II(P>0.05),whether or not iodine supplementation measures were taken.Conclusion Compared with an m UIC of 150-249μg/L,not only there was no difference in thyroid morphology,but also the Tg value,rate of Tg values>40μg/L,and TDR were not higher in pregnant women in the counties with an m UIC of 100-149μg/L achieved through sustainable universal salt iodization in Fujian Province,China.展开更多
Objective To explore possible poisonous and harnfful effect of excessive iodine intake on skeleton in male rats. Methods Male rat models receiving various amounts of excessive iodine were established for 3,6,12 months...Objective To explore possible poisonous and harnfful effect of excessive iodine intake on skeleton in male rats. Methods Male rat models receiving various amounts of excessive iodine were established for 3,6,12 months, and quantitative bone histomorphometric parameters and bone mineral density (BMD)of femur and lumbar spine (L1-4) were measured by means of dual-energy X-ray absorptimetry in vitro, and rats receiving normal diet were considered as control group. Results There was no significant difference in bone mineral quantity展开更多
Objective To investigate the status of iodine content and goiter rate of the residents in excessive iodine intaking areas in Dezhou of Shandong Province after ceasing supplementation of iodized salt.Methods In ten exc...Objective To investigate the status of iodine content and goiter rate of the residents in excessive iodine intaking areas in Dezhou of Shandong Province after ceasing supplementation of iodized salt.Methods In ten excessive iodine intaking counties(cities,districts)from 2013to 2014,300 residents were selected from each展开更多
AIM:To investigate the effects of diquafosol sodium(DQS)for dry eye model induced with povidone-iodine(PI)solution.METHODS:Ten Sprague Dawley rats as the control group.Thirty Sprague Dawley rats were used to establish...AIM:To investigate the effects of diquafosol sodium(DQS)for dry eye model induced with povidone-iodine(PI)solution.METHODS:Ten Sprague Dawley rats as the control group.Thirty Sprague Dawley rats were used to establish the dry eye model with stimulation of 10 g/L PI for 14d,then divided rats into three groups:dry eye group with no treatment(DED group,n=10);phosphate buffer saline treated group(PBS group,n=10);diquafosol treated group(DQS group,n=10).Clinical changes were observed by tear production test,fluorescein staining,tear breakup time(TBUT)test,corneal confocal microscope and ocular surface comprehensive analyzer.Eyeballs were collected on day 10 of treatment for hematoxylin-eosin(HE),periodic acid-Schiff(PAS),and alcian blue staining.TUNEL assay,polymorphonuclear(PMN)and mucin 1(MUC1)immunofluorescence were performed and corneal ultrastructural changes were detected by electron microscopy.RESULTS:Compared with DED and PBS groups,tear production(7.26±0.440 vs 4.07±0.474 mm;7.26±0.440 vs 3.74±0.280 mm;all P<0.01)and TBUT(7.37±0.383s vs 1.49±0.260s;7.37±0.383s vs 1.42±0.437s;all P<0.01)were significantly increased in DQS group.HE,PAS,and alcian blue staining and MUC1 immunofluorescence showed mucins and conjunctival goblet cells density(8.45±0.718 vs 5.21±0.813 cells/0.1 mm^(2);8.45±0.718 vs 5.36±0.615 cells/0.1 mm^(2);all P<0.01)increased in DQS group.Confocal microscopy,PMN immunofluorescence and TUNEL staining showed inflammatory infiltration and corneal epithelial cells apoptosis decreased in DQS group.The increased number of microvilli in corneal epithelial and the recovered cell junction were observed in DQS group.CONCLUSION:PI instillation can induce goblet cells and mucin loss,epithelial cell apoptosis and inflammation,which are consistent with the pathological manifestations of dry eye.Diquafosol can repair the ocular surface damage caused by PI,reduce corneal inflammation,inhibit corneal epithelial cell apoptosis,promote mucin secretion and maintain tear film stability.展开更多
Objective To observe the effects of excessive iodine intake on autoimmune thyroiditis and mRNA expressions of interleukin-17(IL-17),interleukin-23(IL-23)and gamma interferon(IFN-γ)in thyroid gland and spleen of mice ...Objective To observe the effects of excessive iodine intake on autoimmune thyroiditis and mRNA expressions of interleukin-17(IL-17),interleukin-23(IL-23)and gamma interferon(IFN-γ)in thyroid gland and spleen of mice and to further explore the pathogenesis of iodine overdose induced autoimmune thyroiditis.Methods According to body mass,seven to eight weeks old BALB/c mice(body mass 20-25 g,half male and half female)were selected and divided into 4 groups(12 mice in展开更多
Surgical Site Infections (SSIs) remain a prevalent issue in healthcare. An average of 2% to 4% of all Total Knee Arthroplasties (TKA/TKR) result in a Prosthetic Joint Infection (PJI) (Ashraf et al. , 2018). These surg...Surgical Site Infections (SSIs) remain a prevalent issue in healthcare. An average of 2% to 4% of all Total Knee Arthroplasties (TKA/TKR) result in a Prosthetic Joint Infection (PJI) (Ashraf et al. , 2018). These surgical site infections cause significant distress to the patient and require extended courses of antibiotic treatment and revision surgery of the infected joint. SSIs also reduce financial reimbursement to the surgery facility and affect the performing surgeon’s performance scores. To prevent surgical infection, healthcare facilities have implemented various screening or decolonization methods to prevent surgical infection to may cause infection. Various treatment methods exist for managing MRSA preoperatively which include Povidone Iodine (PI) application as a universal decolonization method and/or screening every patient pre-operatively for MRSA and treating MRSA-positive patients with Mupirocin ointment. Both interventions are well-established in the literature. At the author’s facility, the elective TKR populations were analyzed while each intervention was implemented. In 2019 TKR patients underwent MRSA swabbing and testing and in 2021 PI decolonization was the decolonization method of choice. The study revealed that MRSA testing and swabbing were better at reducing SSI related to MRSA than Povidone Iodine decolonization.展开更多
Background: The aim of this work was to examine the relationship between the estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) as indicator of renal efficiency potentially related to the ability to release radioactive iodin...Background: The aim of this work was to examine the relationship between the estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) as indicator of renal efficiency potentially related to the ability to release radioactive iodine from the patients bodies and the radioactive iodine whole body effective half-life (WBEHL) defined as the time taken for the administered activity to decay to half of its value for papillary thyroid cancer (PTC) patients undergoing radioactive iodine therapy (RAIT) in a tertiary care medical Centre. Methods: This retrospective observational study included seventy nine patients, sixty females and nineteen males. The patients were divided in two subgroups, those who have WBEHL of less than 11 hours (n = 51) and those with more than 11 (n = 28) hrs based on k-means clustering technique. Results: Analysis of variance (ANOVA) was used to find out if there is a statistically significant difference between the two subgroups Conclusion: There was not a statistically significant difference between the short and the longer WBEHL patients’ groups analyzed in this study. .展开更多
BACKGROUND Transarterial chemoembolization(TACE)is an effective treatment for primary hepatocellular carcinoma(PHC).Radioactive iodine therapy has been used in the treatment of advanced PHC,especially in patients with...BACKGROUND Transarterial chemoembolization(TACE)is an effective treatment for primary hepatocellular carcinoma(PHC).Radioactive iodine therapy has been used in the treatment of advanced PHC,especially in patients with portal vein tumor thrombosis.However,data on the therapeutic effect of TACE combined with radioactive iodine therapy in PHC are scarce.AIM To investigate the clinical efficacy of TACE combined with radioactive iodine implantation therapy in advanced PHC via perfusion computed tomography(CT).METHODS For this study,98 advanced PHC patients were recruited and divided randomly into the study and control groups.Patients in the study group were treated with TACE combined radioactive iodine implantation therapy.Patients in the control group were treated with only TACE.The tumor lesion length,clinical effect,serum alpha-fetoprotein(AFP)and CT perfusion parameters were compared before and after therapy,and statistical analysis was performed.RESULTS There was no significant difference in tumor length and serum AFP between the study and control groups(P>0.05)before treatment.However,the tumor length and serum AFP in the study group were lower than those in the control group 1 mo and 3 mo after therapy.After 3 mo of treatment,the complete and partial remission rate of the study group was 93.88%,which was significantly higher than the control group(77.55%)(P<0.05).Before treatment,there were no significant differences between the two groups on the perfusion CT variables,including the lesion blood volume,permeability surface,blood flow,hepatic artery flow and mean transit time(P>0.05).After 3 mo of treatment,all perfusion CT variables were lower in the study group compared to the control group(P<0.05).The survival time of patients in the study group was 22 mo compared to 18 mo in the control group,which was significantly different[log rank(Mantel-Cox)=4.318,P=0.038].CONCLUSION TACE combined with radioactive iodine implantation in the treatment of advanced PHC can inhibit the formation of blood vessels in tumor tissue and reduce the perfusion level of tumor lesions,thereby improving the clinical efficacy and prolonging the survival time of patients.展开更多
基金This work was supported by the National Science Foundation of China (NSFC) (No. 30230330).
文摘Objective To investigate the effect of selenium supplementation on the selenium status and selenoenzyme, especially the activity and mRNA expression of type 1 deiodinase (D1) in mice with excessive iodine (EI) intake and to explore the mechanism of selenium intervention on iodine-induced abnormities. Methods Weanling female BALB/c mice were given tap water or 3 mg/L of iodine or supplemented with 0.5 mg/L or 1.0 mg/L of selenium in the presence of excessive iodine for 5 months. Selenium status, thyroid hormone level, hepatic and renal D1 activity and mRNA expression were examined. Results Excessive iodine intake significantly decreased the selenium concentration in urine and liver, and the activity of glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) in liver. Meanwhile, serum total T4 (TT4) increased while serum total T3 (TT3) decreased. Hepatic D1 enzyme activity and mRNA expression were reduced by 33% and 86%, respectively. Renal D1 enzyme activity and mRNA were reduced by 30% and 55%, respectively. Selenium supplementation obviously increased selenium concentration, activity of GSH-Px and D1 as well as mRNA expression of D1. However, increasing the supplementation of Se from 0.5 to 1.0 mg/L did not further increase selenoenzyme activity and expression. Conclusion Relative selenium deficiency caused by excessive iodine plays an essential role in the mechanism of iodine-induced abnormalities. An appropriate dose of selenium supplementation exercises a beneficial intervention.
基金This project was supported by a grant from the National Natural Sciences Foundation of China (No 30230330)
文摘In order to study the effect of excessive iodine on immune function of lymphocytes and the role of selenium supplementation with excessive iodine intake,the changes of T lymphocyte number,ratio of subsets,activity of natural killer(NK) cells and lymphocytes proliferation response were investigated.150 female BALB/C mice were randomly divided into 5 groups in terms of their body weight(n=30 in each group),and 10 of each group were taken as one batch for test.Mice in the 5 groups were orally administrated with iodine 0(group Ⅰ),1500(group Ⅱ),3000(group Ⅲ),6000 μg/L(group Ⅳ),iodine 6000 μg/L plus selenium 0.3 mg/L(group Ⅴ) respectively for 30 days.Lymphocyte proliferation response,CD4+/CD8+,Th1/Th2 and the activity of NK cells were meas-ured.CD4+/CD8+ was significantly lower,while lymphocyte proliferation response stronger,and Th1/Th2 and the activity of NK cells significantly higher in group Ⅳ than in group Ⅰ(P<0.01).There was no significant difference in all indexes between group Ⅴ and group Ⅰ(P>0.05).It was suggested that excessive iodine as exogenous chemical materials can induce disorders of T lympho-cyte immune function in mice.0.3 mg/L selenium supplementation can protect mice against toxicity induced by 6000 μg/L iodine.
基金funded by the National Health Commission of People’s Republic of China Medical Reform Major Program‘2016-2017 National Nutrition and Health Surveillance of Children and Lactating Women’Major Public Health Project‘Survey and Evaluation of Iodine Nutrition and Thyroid Diseases of Chinese Population’[131031107000160007].
文摘Objective Studies on the relationship between iodine,vitamin A(VA),and vitamin D(VD)and thyroid function are limited.This study aimed to analyze iodine and thyroid-stimulating hormone(TSH)status and their possible relationships with VA,VD,and other factors in postpartum women.Methods A total of 1,311 mothers(896 lactating and 415 non-lactating)from Hebei,Zhejiang,and Guangxi provinces were included in this study.The urinary iodine concentration(UIC),TSH,VA,and VD were measured.Results The median UIC of total and lactating participants were 142.00µg/L and 139.95µg/L,respectively.The median TSH,VA,and VD levels in all the participants were 1.89 mIU/L,0.44μg/mL,and 24.04 ng/mL,respectively.No differences in the UIC were found between lactating and non-lactating mothers.UIC and TSH levels were significantly different among the three provinces.The rural UIC was higher than the urban UIC.Obese mothers had a higher UIC and a higher prevalence of excessive TSH.Higher UICs and TSHs levels were observed in both the VD deficiency and insufficiency groups than in the VD-sufficient group.After adjustment,no linear correlation was observed between UIC and VA/VD.No interaction was found between vitamins A/D and UIC on TSH levels.Conclusion The mothers in the present study had no iodine deficiency.Region,area type,BMI,and VD may be related to the iodine status or TSH levels.
文摘Introduction: In hyperthyroidism, selective irradiation of the thyroid gland with radioactive iodine is a radical treatment and an alternative to surgery. The aim of this review is to assess the medium-term efficacy of outpatient treatment of hyperthyroidism with iodine-131 in Africa. Methods: We identified the studies carried out in Africa on outpatient radiation therapy between 2016 and 2020. For each article included, we noted the country concerned and the year of publication, the numbers studied, the socio-demographic characteristics of the patients, the indications for radio iodine therapy, the dose administered, the results of the hormonal dosage 6 months after radiation. Results: 13 retrospective studies were included to constitute a total population of 925 patients. The average age was 40.77 years, the sex ratio of 1/5.4 with a clear female predominance. The 3 main etiologies of hyperthyroidism justifying outpatient radio iodine therapy were Graves’ disease (55.89%), toxic multinodular goiter (22.70%) and toxic adenoma (21.40%). The average dose of iodine 131 administered per course is 13.7 mCi. No short-and medium-term complications were reported. The radio iodine therapy was effective in 86.08% (n = 796) of the patients with extremes of 72% and 100%. Conclusion: Radio iodine therapy is effective in Africa. It is simple, inexpensive on an outpatient basis and well tolerated. The introduction of outpatient radio iodine therapy could improve the management of patients with hyperthyroidism in Burkina Faso.
文摘Introduction: Graves’ disease is the most common cause of hyperthyroidism. Its treatment uses synthetic antithyroid drugs but the use of aggressive radical therapy such as surgery or non-aggressive therapy such as iodine-131 is not uncommon. Treatment of Graves’ disease with radioactive iodine or iratherapy is a simple, inexpensive, well-tolerated treatment. It was introduced in Senegal in 2016. We report through this work the preliminary assessment of the only nuclear medicine service in Senegal in the management of Graves’ disease by iodine-131. Patients and Methods: Retrospective study of the first cases of Graves’ disease treated with iratherapy in Senegal. Socio-demographic, clinical, paraclinical, therapeutic and evolutionary aspects were studied. Radiation protection rules have been implemented and contraception has been effective for six months in women of childbearing age. Results: 25 patients were collected with a mean age of 45 years, twenty women (80%), a family goiter in 24% and a psycho-affective context in 64% of cases. Thyrotoxicosis syndrome was associated with goiter in 68% of patients and exophthalmos in 64%. Thyroid ultrasound performed in 20 patients showed vascular goiter in 80% and thyroid scintigraphy in 3 patients, homogeneous and diffuse hyperfixation. TRAK dosed in 8 patients was still positive. All patients had received first-line medical treatment. The average duration of this treatment was more than 18 months in 92%. The empirically used iodine-131 activity averaged 15.35 mCi. Oral corticosteroid therapy was prescribed in 7 patients for the prevention of malignant orbitopathy. No early side effects were noted. The remission rate at 3 months was 52% and at 6 months was 88% to 92%. Conclusion: The effectiveness of radioactive iodine, in particular ablative doses in the treatment of hyperthyroidism, is no longer to be demonstrated. Taking into account our socioeconomic context, iratherapy should be a treatment of choice for hyperthyroidism with a good quality/price ratio and excellent tolerance.
基金supported by the National Nature Fund[No.81773370]the 2019 China Hygiene and Health Standard Project[No.20190502]。
文摘Objective This study assesses the impact of iodine-rich processed foods and dining places on the iodine nutritional status of children.Methods School-aged children(SAC) in seven provinces in China were selected by school-based multistage sampling. Urinary iodine, salt iodine, and thyroid volume(TVOL) were determined. Questionnaires were used to investigate dining places and iodine-rich processed foods. The water iodine was from the2017 national survey. Multi-factor regression analysis was used to find correlations between variables.Results Children ate 78.7% of their meals at home, 15.1% at school canteens, and 6.1% at other places.The percentage of daily iodine intake from water, iodized salt, iodine-rich processed foods, and cooked food were 1.0%, 79.2%, 1.5%, and 18.4%, respectively. The salt iodine was correlated with the urinary iodine and TVOL, respectively(r = 0.999 and-0.997, P < 0.05). The iodine intake in processed foods was weakly correlated with the TVOL(r = 0.080, P < 0.01). Non-iodized salt used in processed foods or diets when eating out had less effect on children’s iodine nutrition status.Conclusion Iodized salt remains the primary source of daily iodine intake of SAC, and processed food has less effect on iodine nutrition. Therefore, for children, iodized salt should be a compulsory supplement in their routine diet.
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Project(2020YFC1521900 and 2020YFC1521904)the Shaanxi Provincial Science Foundation(2021GXLH-01-11)+1 种基金We would also like to thank National Natural Science Foundation of China(52202299)Analytical&Testing Center of Northwestern Polytechnical University(2022T006).
文摘Rechargeable aqueous zinc iodine(ZnǀǀI_(2))batteries have been promising energy storage technologies due to low-cost position and constitutional safety of zinc anode,iodine cathode and aqueous electrolytes.Whereas,on one hand,the low-fraction utilization of electrochemically inert host causes severe shuttle of soluble polyiodides,deficient iodine utilization and sluggish reaction kinetics.On the other hand,the usage of high mass polar electrocatalysts occupies mass and volume of electrode materials and sacrifices device-level energy density.Here,we propose a“confinement-catalysis”host composed of Fe single atom catalyst embedding inside ordered mesoporous carbon host,which can effectively confine and catalytically convert I_(2)/I^(−)couple and polyiodide intermediates.Consequently,the cathode enables the high capacity of 188.2 mAh g^(−1)at 0.3 A g^(−1),excellent rate capability with a capacity of 139.6 mAh g^(−1)delivered at high current density of 15 A g^(−1)and ultra-long cyclic stability over 50,000 cycles with 80.5%initial capacity retained under high iodine loading of 76.72 wt%.Furthermore,the electrocatalytic host can also accelerate the I^(+)↔I_(2)conversion.The greatly improved electrochemical performance originates from the modulation of physicochemical confinement and the decrease of energy barrier for reversible I−/I_(2)and I_(2)/I^(+)couples,and polyiodide intermediates conversions.
基金This work was supported by the grants from the Science and Technology Council of Tianjin （No. 05YFGDSF02700） for Scientific Research and the National Natural Science Foundation of China （No. 30972559）.
文摘Objective To investigate the supply of iodized salt in non-excessive iodine counties and iodine-free salt in excessive iodine counties at household level in Jiangsu Province so as to provide a basis for the prevention and control of iodine deficiency disorders (IDD) .
文摘Heat-killed Bifidobacterium longum CLA8013 has been demonstrated to improve the frequency of defecation, straining, and pain during defecation in human placebo-controlled, double-blind, parallel-group studies. We conducted a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, parallel-group study to evaluate the safety of both long-term and excessive intakes of heat-killed B. longum CLA8013, when used as a food with functional claims. In both tests, 30 healthy volunteers were divided into two groups: an active group that ingested heat-killed B. longum CLA8013 and a placebo group. In the long-term intake safety study, participants in the active group ingested 25 billion cells/day for 12 weeks. In the excessive intake safety study, participants in the active group ingested 125 billion cells/day for 4 weeks. Physical, hematological, biochemical, and urine examinations were conducted, and adverse events were evaluated in both studies. The studies revealed no abnormalities in any of the safety tests. In conclusion, no safety-related issues were identified with long-term or excessive intake of heat-killed B. longum CLA8013.
文摘The iodine value (iodine number) and hydroxyl value are important analytical characteristics of fats and oils. The iodine (I<sub>2</sub>) required saturating the fatty acids present in 100 grams of the oil or fat. Iodine value is a measure of the total number of double bonds (-C=C-) present in fats and oils. Unsaturated compounds contain molecules with double and triple bonds which are very reactive towards iodine. The iodine value has been determined according to Hanus with iodine monobromide in glacial acetic acid, and then the amount of iodine remaining unreacted is determined by titration using sodium thiosulfate volumetric standard solution. The hydroxyl value is the amount of potassium hydroxide in milligrams that is equivalent to the hydroxyl amount of 1 gram of the sample (mg KOH/g sample). Poloxyl Stearyl Ether is a mixture of the monostearyl ethers of mixed polyethylene glycols. It may contain various amounts of free stearyl alcohol and some free polyethylene glycol. In this study, the iodine value and hydroxyl value have been determined by titration in polyoxyl stearyl ether. Iodine value 1.84 g of I<sub>2</sub> absorbed/100g sample, and hydroxyl value 162.65 mg KOH/g sample have been found in poloxyl stearyl ether. The iodine value and hydroxyl value results met the United States Pharmacopeia specifications for Polyoxyl Stearyl Ether.
基金Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 51175101)。
文摘Numerous studies have been conducted on microfluidic mixers in various microanalysis systems, which elucidated the manipulation and control of small fluid volumes within microfluidic chips. These studies have demonstrated the ability to control fluids and samples precisely at the microscale. Microfluidic mixers provide high sensitivity for biochemical analysis due to their small volumes and high surface-to-volume ratios. A promising approach in drug delivery is the rapid microfluidic mixer-based extraction of elemental iodine at the micro level, demonstrating the versatility and the potential to enhance diagnostic imaging and accuracy in targeted drug delivery. Micro-mixing inside microfluidic chips plays a key role in biochemical analysis. The experimental study describes a microfluidic mixer for extraction of elemental iodine using carbon tetrachloride with a gas bubble mixing process. Gas bubbles are generated inside the microcavity to create turbulence and micro-vortices resulting in uniform mixing of samples. The bubble mixing of biochemical samples is analyzed at various pressure levels to validate the simulated results in computational fluid dynamics(CFD). The experimental setup includes a high-resolution camera and an air pump to observe the mixing process and volume at different pressure levels with time. The bubble formation is controlled by adjusting the inert gas flow inside the microfluidic chip. Microfluidic chip-based gas bubble mixing effects have been elaborated at various supplied pressures.
基金sponsored by the Fujian Provincial Health Technology Project[2020CXA020]Fujian Provincial Natural Science Funding[2020J01093]Construction of Fujian Provincial Scientific and Technological Innovation Platform[2019Y2001]
文摘Objective This study explored whether thyroglobulin and thyroid disease prevalence rates were higher in pregnant Chinese women with a median urinary iodine concentration of 100-149μg/L,compared with those with a median urinary iodine concentration of 150-249μg/L maintained through sustainable universal salt iodization.Methods This was a cross-sectional study in which 812 healthy pregnant women were enrolled to collect samples of their household edible salt,urine,and blood during their routine antenatal care in the18 counties in Fujian Province,China.The levels of salt iodine concentration,urinary iodine concentration(UIC),free triiodothyronine(FT3),free thyroid hormone(FT4),thyroid-stimulating hormone(TSH),thyroglobulin(Tg),thyroid peroxidase antibody and thyroglobulin antibody were assessed during the routine antenatal care visits.Results The median UIC(m UIC)in pregnant women was 130.8μg/L(interquartile range=91.5-198.1μg/L)in the counties with an m UIC of 100-149μg/L(Group I),and 172.0μg/L(interquartile range=123.5-244.4μg/L)in the counties with an m UIC of 150-249μg/L(Group II).Goiter prevalence and thyroid nodule detection rates showed no difference between Group I and Group II(P>0.05).Except for FT4 values,the TSH,FT4,FT3,Tg and Tg values>40(μg/L)and the thyroid diseases prevalence rate(TDR)showed no significant differences between Group I and Group II(P>0.05),whether or not iodine supplementation measures were taken.Conclusion Compared with an m UIC of 150-249μg/L,not only there was no difference in thyroid morphology,but also the Tg value,rate of Tg values>40μg/L,and TDR were not higher in pregnant women in the counties with an m UIC of 100-149μg/L achieved through sustainable universal salt iodization in Fujian Province,China.
文摘Objective To explore possible poisonous and harnfful effect of excessive iodine intake on skeleton in male rats. Methods Male rat models receiving various amounts of excessive iodine were established for 3,6,12 months, and quantitative bone histomorphometric parameters and bone mineral density (BMD)of femur and lumbar spine (L1-4) were measured by means of dual-energy X-ray absorptimetry in vitro, and rats receiving normal diet were considered as control group. Results There was no significant difference in bone mineral quantity
文摘Objective To investigate the status of iodine content and goiter rate of the residents in excessive iodine intaking areas in Dezhou of Shandong Province after ceasing supplementation of iodized salt.Methods In ten excessive iodine intaking counties(cities,districts)from 2013to 2014,300 residents were selected from each
文摘AIM:To investigate the effects of diquafosol sodium(DQS)for dry eye model induced with povidone-iodine(PI)solution.METHODS:Ten Sprague Dawley rats as the control group.Thirty Sprague Dawley rats were used to establish the dry eye model with stimulation of 10 g/L PI for 14d,then divided rats into three groups:dry eye group with no treatment(DED group,n=10);phosphate buffer saline treated group(PBS group,n=10);diquafosol treated group(DQS group,n=10).Clinical changes were observed by tear production test,fluorescein staining,tear breakup time(TBUT)test,corneal confocal microscope and ocular surface comprehensive analyzer.Eyeballs were collected on day 10 of treatment for hematoxylin-eosin(HE),periodic acid-Schiff(PAS),and alcian blue staining.TUNEL assay,polymorphonuclear(PMN)and mucin 1(MUC1)immunofluorescence were performed and corneal ultrastructural changes were detected by electron microscopy.RESULTS:Compared with DED and PBS groups,tear production(7.26±0.440 vs 4.07±0.474 mm;7.26±0.440 vs 3.74±0.280 mm;all P<0.01)and TBUT(7.37±0.383s vs 1.49±0.260s;7.37±0.383s vs 1.42±0.437s;all P<0.01)were significantly increased in DQS group.HE,PAS,and alcian blue staining and MUC1 immunofluorescence showed mucins and conjunctival goblet cells density(8.45±0.718 vs 5.21±0.813 cells/0.1 mm^(2);8.45±0.718 vs 5.36±0.615 cells/0.1 mm^(2);all P<0.01)increased in DQS group.Confocal microscopy,PMN immunofluorescence and TUNEL staining showed inflammatory infiltration and corneal epithelial cells apoptosis decreased in DQS group.The increased number of microvilli in corneal epithelial and the recovered cell junction were observed in DQS group.CONCLUSION:PI instillation can induce goblet cells and mucin loss,epithelial cell apoptosis and inflammation,which are consistent with the pathological manifestations of dry eye.Diquafosol can repair the ocular surface damage caused by PI,reduce corneal inflammation,inhibit corneal epithelial cell apoptosis,promote mucin secretion and maintain tear film stability.
文摘Objective To observe the effects of excessive iodine intake on autoimmune thyroiditis and mRNA expressions of interleukin-17(IL-17),interleukin-23(IL-23)and gamma interferon(IFN-γ)in thyroid gland and spleen of mice and to further explore the pathogenesis of iodine overdose induced autoimmune thyroiditis.Methods According to body mass,seven to eight weeks old BALB/c mice(body mass 20-25 g,half male and half female)were selected and divided into 4 groups(12 mice in
文摘Surgical Site Infections (SSIs) remain a prevalent issue in healthcare. An average of 2% to 4% of all Total Knee Arthroplasties (TKA/TKR) result in a Prosthetic Joint Infection (PJI) (Ashraf et al. , 2018). These surgical site infections cause significant distress to the patient and require extended courses of antibiotic treatment and revision surgery of the infected joint. SSIs also reduce financial reimbursement to the surgery facility and affect the performing surgeon’s performance scores. To prevent surgical infection, healthcare facilities have implemented various screening or decolonization methods to prevent surgical infection to may cause infection. Various treatment methods exist for managing MRSA preoperatively which include Povidone Iodine (PI) application as a universal decolonization method and/or screening every patient pre-operatively for MRSA and treating MRSA-positive patients with Mupirocin ointment. Both interventions are well-established in the literature. At the author’s facility, the elective TKR populations were analyzed while each intervention was implemented. In 2019 TKR patients underwent MRSA swabbing and testing and in 2021 PI decolonization was the decolonization method of choice. The study revealed that MRSA testing and swabbing were better at reducing SSI related to MRSA than Povidone Iodine decolonization.
文摘Background: The aim of this work was to examine the relationship between the estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) as indicator of renal efficiency potentially related to the ability to release radioactive iodine from the patients bodies and the radioactive iodine whole body effective half-life (WBEHL) defined as the time taken for the administered activity to decay to half of its value for papillary thyroid cancer (PTC) patients undergoing radioactive iodine therapy (RAIT) in a tertiary care medical Centre. Methods: This retrospective observational study included seventy nine patients, sixty females and nineteen males. The patients were divided in two subgroups, those who have WBEHL of less than 11 hours (n = 51) and those with more than 11 (n = 28) hrs based on k-means clustering technique. Results: Analysis of variance (ANOVA) was used to find out if there is a statistically significant difference between the two subgroups Conclusion: There was not a statistically significant difference between the short and the longer WBEHL patients’ groups analyzed in this study. .
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China General Program,No.81871461.
文摘BACKGROUND Transarterial chemoembolization(TACE)is an effective treatment for primary hepatocellular carcinoma(PHC).Radioactive iodine therapy has been used in the treatment of advanced PHC,especially in patients with portal vein tumor thrombosis.However,data on the therapeutic effect of TACE combined with radioactive iodine therapy in PHC are scarce.AIM To investigate the clinical efficacy of TACE combined with radioactive iodine implantation therapy in advanced PHC via perfusion computed tomography(CT).METHODS For this study,98 advanced PHC patients were recruited and divided randomly into the study and control groups.Patients in the study group were treated with TACE combined radioactive iodine implantation therapy.Patients in the control group were treated with only TACE.The tumor lesion length,clinical effect,serum alpha-fetoprotein(AFP)and CT perfusion parameters were compared before and after therapy,and statistical analysis was performed.RESULTS There was no significant difference in tumor length and serum AFP between the study and control groups(P>0.05)before treatment.However,the tumor length and serum AFP in the study group were lower than those in the control group 1 mo and 3 mo after therapy.After 3 mo of treatment,the complete and partial remission rate of the study group was 93.88%,which was significantly higher than the control group(77.55%)(P<0.05).Before treatment,there were no significant differences between the two groups on the perfusion CT variables,including the lesion blood volume,permeability surface,blood flow,hepatic artery flow and mean transit time(P>0.05).After 3 mo of treatment,all perfusion CT variables were lower in the study group compared to the control group(P<0.05).The survival time of patients in the study group was 22 mo compared to 18 mo in the control group,which was significantly different[log rank(Mantel-Cox)=4.318,P=0.038].CONCLUSION TACE combined with radioactive iodine implantation in the treatment of advanced PHC can inhibit the formation of blood vessels in tumor tissue and reduce the perfusion level of tumor lesions,thereby improving the clinical efficacy and prolonging the survival time of patients.
