BACKGROUND While the impact of depression on cognition is well-documented,the relationship between feelings and cognition has received limited attention.AIM To explore the potential association between feelings and co...BACKGROUND While the impact of depression on cognition is well-documented,the relationship between feelings and cognition has received limited attention.AIM To explore the potential association between feelings and cognition with a twosample Mendelian randomization(MR)analysis.METHODS Our analysis utilized genome-wide association data on various feelings(fed-up feelings,n=453071;worrier/anxious feelings,n=450765;guilty feelings,n=45-0704;nervous feelings,n=450700;sensitivity/hurt feelings,n=449419;miserableness,n=454982;loneliness/isolation,n=455364;happiness,n=152348)in the European population and their impact on cognitive functions(intelligence,n=269867).Conducting a univariable MR(UVMR)analysis to assess the relationship between feelings and cognition.In this analysis,we applied the inverse variance weighting(IVW),weighted median,and MR Egger methods.Additionally,we performed sensitivity analysis(leave-one-out analysis),assessed heterogeneity(using MR-PRESSO and Cochran’s Q test),and conducted multiple validity test(employing MR-Egger regression).Subsequently,a multivariable MR(MVMR)analysis was employed to examine the impact of feelings on cognition.IVW served as the primary method in the multivariable analysis,complemented by median-based and MR-Egger methods.RESULTS In this study,UVMR indicated that sensitivity/hurt feelings may have a negative causal effect on cognition(OR=0.63,95%CI:0.43-0.92,P=0.017).After adjustment of other feelings using MVMR,a direct adverse causal effect on cognition was observed(OR_(MVMR)=0.39,95%CI:0.17-0.90,P_(MVMR)=0.027).While a potential increased risk of cognitive decline was observed for fed-up feelings in the UVMR analysis(ORUVMR=0.64,95%CI:0.42-0.97,PUVMR=0.037),this effect disappeared after adjusting for other feelings(OR_(MVMR)=1.42,95%CI:0.43-4.74,P_(MVMR)=0.569).These findings were generally consistent across MV-IVW,median-based,and MR-Egger analyses.MR-Egger regression revealed pleiotropy in the impact of worrier/anxious feelings on cognition,presenting a challenge in identifying the effect.Notably,this study did not demonstrate any significant impact of guilty feelings,nervous feelings,miserableness,or loneliness/isolation on cognition.Due to a limited number of instrumental variables for happiness,this study was unable to analyze the relationship between happiness and cognition.CONCLUSION This MR study finds that sensitivity/hurt feelings are associated with cognitive decline,while the link between worrier/anxious feelings and cognition remains inconclusive.Insufficient evidence supports direct associations between happiness,guilty feelings,nervous feelings,miserableness,loneliness/isolation,and cognition.展开更多
Recently, the demand of services for architectural space is more increasing due to the diversification and complication of people＇s needs. In this research, it is assumed that the robot will support people＇s various...Recently, the demand of services for architectural space is more increasing due to the diversification and complication of people＇s needs. In this research, it is assumed that the robot will support people＇s various needs and people＇s lives in the near future. In this study, the authors investigated the relationship between a robot and a person in quasi space close to actual life space. The authors carried out an experiment to clarify the feelings of worriment due to a robot in the living room in the case of Japanese males. This research aims to establish architecture techniques for robots and humans living together. In this experiment, the robot approached a male sitting on a sofa in quasi space. At different distances between the robot and the male, the subject evaluated his feelings of worriment from ＂no worriment＂ to ＂worriment＂ in five steps from one to five. The robot used in this experiment is middle-sized （380 mm （L） × 380 mm （W） × 350 mm （H））. In this experiment, it is considered that the robot asks for help outside when an emergency occurs. In this experiment, the authors had three situations for the subject： watching television, reading a magazine and just sitting.展开更多
Background: “Children with severe motor and intellectual disabilities” refers to children with markedly limited activity due to severe overlapping of physical and intellectual disabilities. The physical and mental b...Background: “Children with severe motor and intellectual disabilities” refers to children with markedly limited activity due to severe overlapping of physical and intellectual disabilities. The physical and mental burden placed on families raising severely disabled children, particularly the primary caregivers, is great in home settings. For families to effectively utilize services and over-come child rearing problems, the families themselves need the “strength” to cooperate with others for the purpose of raising a severely disabled child. The ultimate goal of family support is to enable such families to achieve satisfaction and self-growth in child rearing. Methods: We used a questionnaire to survey 75 primary caregivers to empirically elucidate the empowerment and positive feelings towards child rearing of families raising children with severe motor and intellectual disabilities and the related factors. The t-test and Spearman’s rank correlation coefficient were used to examine the association with bivariates. A multiple regression analysis was conducted for empowerment and positive feelings. Results: Results revealed that life events, livelihood, awareness of social support and the child’s sleep problems were factors related to empowerment. Of these, awareness of social support from outside of the family was found to contribute the most to empowerment. Furthermore, improvement and maintenance of positive feelings towards child rearing reaffirmed the existence of empowerment in addition to reducing negative feelings towards child rearing and ensuring social support. Conclusions: Raising children with severe motor and intellectual disabilities requires specialist knowledge and skills. Support from professionals to empower the entire family is therefore important in order to strengthen positive feelings towards child rearing.展开更多
For centuries, the question of how a physical structure (the brain) generates the subjective feeling of consciousness has plagued neuroscientists, physiologists, psychologists, linguists, and philosophers. This has be...For centuries, the question of how a physical structure (the brain) generates the subjective feeling of consciousness has plagued neuroscientists, physiologists, psychologists, linguists, and philosophers. This has become known as the “hard problem of consciousness” and has been the subject of many publications. Although lots of answers have been proposed, none has been completely satisfactory. The focus of most of these studies has been on the neuronal structures and activities. Experiential consciousness emerges from neural processes, but it has not been explained with models that have been based solely on the electro-mechanical aspects of the processes. There must be some other dynamic features of neuronal activity to explain the emergence of experiential consciousness. I argue that a likely answer to the dilemma resides in the added dimension of the neurochemistry of the brain that has, so far, received little attention.展开更多
Mental disorders are a significant cause of disability and loss of workplace productivity. Many people with mental illness want to work. Occupational health in the world has to face up to psychosocial risks to protect...Mental disorders are a significant cause of disability and loss of workplace productivity. Many people with mental illness want to work. Occupational health in the world has to face up to psychosocial risks to protect the health of employees. My study aims are to improve negative feelings in work place and work functioning and to stimulate better coping mechanisms. Participants were collected from “Mental health daycare facility”, “Regional living assistance center” and “B-type employment assistance office” in Japan. I took interviews with 25 members. The content of the interviews was categorized about negative feelings in work place. A total of 33 small category negative feelings of mental disorder were extracted and were classified into 11 subcategories. These subcategories were then classified into two higher-level categories: inward-directed feelings and outward-directed feelings. Inward-directed feelings include “reserve or timidity,” “hesitation about being open about the illness,” “anxiety about being dismissed,” “regrets about resigning,” “sense of isolation,” “feelings of remorse,” and “suffering.” Outward-directed feelings include “failure in interpersonal relationships,” “distrust,” “frustrations,” “negative feelings toward those with mental disorder.” Employment has been linked to having better social networks, to enhanced quality of life and to overall wellbeing. We will have to defend them legally. The legal and moral obligations placed on the employer require that it provides a healthy, harassment-free work environment.展开更多
Yulinling is a famous piece of Ci by Liu Yong of the Song Dynasty.It is one long-cherished classical in lamenting the sorrow of departure.The author pictures a gloomy scene of separation:the cold autumn,the long corri...Yulinling is a famous piece of Ci by Liu Yong of the Song Dynasty.It is one long-cherished classical in lamenting the sorrow of departure.The author pictures a gloomy scene of separation:the cold autumn,the long corridor,the misty sea and the lonely boat,all the scenes depicting the sorrow and unwillingness of the separation between the two who are in deep love.The translator translated it into Eng lish in order to express his depressive feelings but he did not convey the depressive meaning of the original Ci in full extend.He lost some of the intentional feelings of the original in his translation.Through the comparison between Yulingling and its translation,the paper dis cusses the missing of emotional feelings in the translation of Ci works.展开更多
Purpose: This study was conducted to describe feelings and spiritual practices of patients with mastectomy. Method: The study was employed a qualitative design at a private university hospital oncology unit in Ankara,...Purpose: This study was conducted to describe feelings and spiritual practices of patients with mastectomy. Method: The study was employed a qualitative design at a private university hospital oncology unit in Ankara, Turkey. Interviews were performed with 20 mastectomized women. Results: The findings indicated that commonly used in several spiritual practices;prayer was used by 96%, of the patients, and 94% requested that others pray for their health, the practice to positive reframing (76%), the practice to planning for family-friends activities (74%), visiting mos-que-shrine (73%), and the practice to reading Quran (71%). The categorization of the data led to identification of three thematic units. The first we described as “Experiencing the consequences of illness as a disorder”. The second was “Restoring a sense of order to life”, and the third was “Living with the new condition”. Conclusion: We concluded that a having mastectomy was difficult for the subjects. In this respect, nurses’ role is vital to help women with breast cancer in such a difficult and modifying process as breast removal.展开更多
High levels of distress and disturbance amongst those experiencing acute mental illness can be a major problem for mental health nurses. The feelings experienced by these nurses when caring for and supporting disturbe...High levels of distress and disturbance amongst those experiencing acute mental illness can be a major problem for mental health nurses. The feelings experienced by these nurses when caring for and supporting disturbed and/or distressed patients along with their concurrent thoughts are not well described in the literature. To date, this complex issue has not been explored within a comparative European context. The objective of this qualitative study was to explore the feelings and thoughts of mental health nurses when supporting and caring for distressed and/or disturbed patients in 6 European countries. Methods: Focus groups were used to collect data from 130 mental health nurses working in acute inpatient psychiatric settings. Results: Data were analysed using content analysis. Findings highlighted 6 broad themes: 1) Mixed emotions: expressive and responsive, 2) Procedure for caring for and supporting disturbed and/or distressed patients, 3) Use of guidelines for caring and supporting disturbed and/or distressed patients, 4) Team and organisational support, 5) Ethical concerns: Cognitive dissonance and 6) Education and training. Commonalities and differences were?found across all themes. Approaches to care, nurses’ role and education, clinical guidelines and/or standards vary from country to country, therefore the care, treatment and management of distressed and/or disturbed patients are various. As a result, mental health nurses have different experiences, various emotional quandaries concurrent with cognitive dissonance and different coping strategies when caring for and supporting distressed and disturbed patients. Conclusions: More emphasis needs to be given to the emotional quandaries and concurrent cognitive dissonance experienced by mental health nurses caring for distressed and/or disturbed inpatients in acute psychiatric settings. Increased access to education and training with particular attention to interpersonal communication and relationship building within clinical teams needs to be a priority given the experiences described by mental health nurses.展开更多
"The love for our children as well as the love for our country and people"are the common emotions of all human beings.The Chinese nation's feelings toward their relatives,hometown,and country are immense..."The love for our children as well as the love for our country and people"are the common emotions of all human beings.The Chinese nation's feelings toward their relatives,hometown,and country are immensely deep and strong that they have surpassed all other nations.This article analyzed the causes of the Chinese nation's strong feelings toward their home and country based on China's development history and geopolitics.展开更多
Insomnia is among the most common sleep disorders worldwide.Insomnia in older adults is a social and public health problem.Insomnia affects the physical and mental health of elderly hospitalized patients and can aggra...Insomnia is among the most common sleep disorders worldwide.Insomnia in older adults is a social and public health problem.Insomnia affects the physical and mental health of elderly hospitalized patients and can aggravate or induce physical illnesses.Understanding subjective feelings and providing reasonable and standardized care for elderly hospitalized patients with insomnia are urgent issues.AIM To explore the differences in self-reported outcomes associated with insomnia among elderly hospitalized patients.METHODS One hundred patients admitted to the geriatric unit of our hospital between June 2021 and December 2021 were included in this study.Self-reported symptoms were assessed using the Athens Insomnia Scale(AIS),Generalized Anxiety Disorder Scale-7(GAD-7),Geriatric Depression Scale-15(GDS-15),Memorial University of Newfoundland Scale of Happiness(MUNSH),Barthel Index Evaluation(BI),Morse Fall Scale(MFS),Mini-Mental State Examination,and the Short Form 36 Health Survey Questionnaire(SF-36).Correlation coefficients were used to analyze the correlation between sleep quality and self-reported symptoms.Effects of insomnia was analyzed using Logistic regression analysis.RESULTS Nineteen patients with AIS≥6 were included in the insomnia group,and the incidence of insomnia was 19%(19/100).The remaining 81 patients were assigned to the non-insomnia group.There were significant differences between the two groups in the GDA-7,GDS-15,MUNSH,BI,MFS,and SF-36 items(P<0.05).Patients in the insomnia group were more likely to experience anxiety,depression,and other mental illnesses,as well as difficulties with everyday tasks and a greater risk of falling(P<0.05).Subjective well-being and quality of life were poorer in the insomnia group than in the control group.The AIS scores positively correlated with the GAD-7,GDS-15,and MFS scores in elderly hospitalized patients with insomnia(P<0.05).Logistic regression analysis showed that GDS-15≥5 was an independent risk factor for insomnia in elderly hospitalized patients(P<0.05).CONCLUSION The number of self-reported symptoms was higher among elderly hospitalized patients with insomnia.Therefore,we should focus on the main complaints of patients to meet their care needs.展开更多
Understanding modern poetry is a big problem for average readers because of all kinds of rhetorical devices filled with them,especially metaphors,which are hard for the readers to understand clearly.Thus,grasping meta...Understanding modern poetry is a big problem for average readers because of all kinds of rhetorical devices filled with them,especially metaphors,which are hard for the readers to understand clearly.Thus,grasping metaphors would provide a possible solution to enhance the understanding of modern poetry.Based on the motivation to better understand modern poetry,the paper explores the 11 mechanisms of metaphors in modern poetry with examples in detail,i.e.,blending,mapping,frame shifting,image schema,conceptual integration,contextual grounding,inter-subjectivity,embodied cognition,recursiveness,juxtaposition,shape-moulding,by borrowing some concepts from Cognitive Linguistics,literary studies,and Rhetorics,which can be adopted as means and methods to understand modern poems.展开更多
It is an important proposition of contemporary realist literature creation to be close to the mundane lifestyles in reality and write about the Chinese experience.From the far-reaching heroic narration of the early ye...It is an important proposition of contemporary realist literature creation to be close to the mundane lifestyles in reality and write about the Chinese experience.From the far-reaching heroic narration of the early years,to the Chinese stories since the 21st century,the realist literature creation deals with the mundane daily life,showing a turn towards worldly feelings.Liang Xiaosheng's novel A Lifelong Journey extends the perspective to the living space of ordinary people in the cities.Unlike the epic depiction of"regretless heroes"in the zhiqing novels from his earlier years,Liang makes a shift to the writing of worldly feelings about the warmth in reality.While writing about the hardships in reality,this novel continues to construct stories of good people and adheres to the ethical positioning of good people culture.The two generate a conflict with each other throughout the text,forming the narrative tension.However,governed by the emotional structure of the good people culture,the novel lacks the expression of complex human nature while putting a focus on the mundane existence.展开更多
"I’d like to say that you’v e returned home now!""To tell you my inner most feeling,I have two homes.One is in Japan,the other is in China."On a winter day in November 2009,Chinese Premier Wen Ji..."I’d like to say that you’v e returned home now!""To tell you my inner most feeling,I have two homes.One is in Japan,the other is in China."On a winter day in November 2009,Chinese Premier Wen Jiabao invited a group of展开更多
Federated edge learning(FEEL)technology for vehicular networks is considered as a promising technology to reduce the computation workload while keeping the privacy of users.In the FEEL system,vehicles upload data to t...Federated edge learning(FEEL)technology for vehicular networks is considered as a promising technology to reduce the computation workload while keeping the privacy of users.In the FEEL system,vehicles upload data to the edge servers,which train the vehicles’data to update local models and then return the result to vehicles to avoid sharing the original data.However,the cache queue in the edge is limited and the channel between edge server and each vehicle is time-varying.Thus,it is challenging to select a suitable number of vehicles to ensure that the uploaded data can keep a stable cache queue in edge server while maximizing the learning accuracy.Moreover,selecting vehicles with different resource statuses to update data will affect the total amount of data involved in training,which further affects the model accuracy.In this paper,we propose a vehicle selection scheme,which maximizes the learning accuracy while ensuring the stability of the cache queue,where the statuses of all the vehicles in the coverage of edge server are taken into account.The performance of this scheme is evaluated through simulation experiments,which indicates that our proposed scheme can perform better than the known benchmark scheme.展开更多
文摘BACKGROUND While the impact of depression on cognition is well-documented,the relationship between feelings and cognition has received limited attention.AIM To explore the potential association between feelings and cognition with a twosample Mendelian randomization(MR)analysis.METHODS Our analysis utilized genome-wide association data on various feelings(fed-up feelings,n=453071;worrier/anxious feelings,n=450765;guilty feelings,n=45-0704;nervous feelings,n=450700;sensitivity/hurt feelings,n=449419;miserableness,n=454982;loneliness/isolation,n=455364;happiness,n=152348)in the European population and their impact on cognitive functions(intelligence,n=269867).Conducting a univariable MR(UVMR)analysis to assess the relationship between feelings and cognition.In this analysis,we applied the inverse variance weighting(IVW),weighted median,and MR Egger methods.Additionally,we performed sensitivity analysis(leave-one-out analysis),assessed heterogeneity(using MR-PRESSO and Cochran’s Q test),and conducted multiple validity test(employing MR-Egger regression).Subsequently,a multivariable MR(MVMR)analysis was employed to examine the impact of feelings on cognition.IVW served as the primary method in the multivariable analysis,complemented by median-based and MR-Egger methods.RESULTS In this study,UVMR indicated that sensitivity/hurt feelings may have a negative causal effect on cognition(OR=0.63,95%CI:0.43-0.92,P=0.017).After adjustment of other feelings using MVMR,a direct adverse causal effect on cognition was observed(OR_(MVMR)=0.39,95%CI:0.17-0.90,P_(MVMR)=0.027).While a potential increased risk of cognitive decline was observed for fed-up feelings in the UVMR analysis(ORUVMR=0.64,95%CI:0.42-0.97,PUVMR=0.037),this effect disappeared after adjusting for other feelings(OR_(MVMR)=1.42,95%CI:0.43-4.74,P_(MVMR)=0.569).These findings were generally consistent across MV-IVW,median-based,and MR-Egger analyses.MR-Egger regression revealed pleiotropy in the impact of worrier/anxious feelings on cognition,presenting a challenge in identifying the effect.Notably,this study did not demonstrate any significant impact of guilty feelings,nervous feelings,miserableness,or loneliness/isolation on cognition.Due to a limited number of instrumental variables for happiness,this study was unable to analyze the relationship between happiness and cognition.CONCLUSION This MR study finds that sensitivity/hurt feelings are associated with cognitive decline,while the link between worrier/anxious feelings and cognition remains inconclusive.Insufficient evidence supports direct associations between happiness,guilty feelings,nervous feelings,miserableness,loneliness/isolation,and cognition.
文摘Recently, the demand of services for architectural space is more increasing due to the diversification and complication of people＇s needs. In this research, it is assumed that the robot will support people＇s various needs and people＇s lives in the near future. In this study, the authors investigated the relationship between a robot and a person in quasi space close to actual life space. The authors carried out an experiment to clarify the feelings of worriment due to a robot in the living room in the case of Japanese males. This research aims to establish architecture techniques for robots and humans living together. In this experiment, the robot approached a male sitting on a sofa in quasi space. At different distances between the robot and the male, the subject evaluated his feelings of worriment from ＂no worriment＂ to ＂worriment＂ in five steps from one to five. The robot used in this experiment is middle-sized （380 mm （L） × 380 mm （W） × 350 mm （H））. In this experiment, it is considered that the robot asks for help outside when an emergency occurs. In this experiment, the authors had three situations for the subject： watching television, reading a magazine and just sitting.
文摘Background: “Children with severe motor and intellectual disabilities” refers to children with markedly limited activity due to severe overlapping of physical and intellectual disabilities. The physical and mental burden placed on families raising severely disabled children, particularly the primary caregivers, is great in home settings. For families to effectively utilize services and over-come child rearing problems, the families themselves need the “strength” to cooperate with others for the purpose of raising a severely disabled child. The ultimate goal of family support is to enable such families to achieve satisfaction and self-growth in child rearing. Methods: We used a questionnaire to survey 75 primary caregivers to empirically elucidate the empowerment and positive feelings towards child rearing of families raising children with severe motor and intellectual disabilities and the related factors. The t-test and Spearman’s rank correlation coefficient were used to examine the association with bivariates. A multiple regression analysis was conducted for empowerment and positive feelings. Results: Results revealed that life events, livelihood, awareness of social support and the child’s sleep problems were factors related to empowerment. Of these, awareness of social support from outside of the family was found to contribute the most to empowerment. Furthermore, improvement and maintenance of positive feelings towards child rearing reaffirmed the existence of empowerment in addition to reducing negative feelings towards child rearing and ensuring social support. Conclusions: Raising children with severe motor and intellectual disabilities requires specialist knowledge and skills. Support from professionals to empower the entire family is therefore important in order to strengthen positive feelings towards child rearing.
文摘For centuries, the question of how a physical structure (the brain) generates the subjective feeling of consciousness has plagued neuroscientists, physiologists, psychologists, linguists, and philosophers. This has become known as the “hard problem of consciousness” and has been the subject of many publications. Although lots of answers have been proposed, none has been completely satisfactory. The focus of most of these studies has been on the neuronal structures and activities. Experiential consciousness emerges from neural processes, but it has not been explained with models that have been based solely on the electro-mechanical aspects of the processes. There must be some other dynamic features of neuronal activity to explain the emergence of experiential consciousness. I argue that a likely answer to the dilemma resides in the added dimension of the neurochemistry of the brain that has, so far, received little attention.
文摘Mental disorders are a significant cause of disability and loss of workplace productivity. Many people with mental illness want to work. Occupational health in the world has to face up to psychosocial risks to protect the health of employees. My study aims are to improve negative feelings in work place and work functioning and to stimulate better coping mechanisms. Participants were collected from “Mental health daycare facility”, “Regional living assistance center” and “B-type employment assistance office” in Japan. I took interviews with 25 members. The content of the interviews was categorized about negative feelings in work place. A total of 33 small category negative feelings of mental disorder were extracted and were classified into 11 subcategories. These subcategories were then classified into two higher-level categories: inward-directed feelings and outward-directed feelings. Inward-directed feelings include “reserve or timidity,” “hesitation about being open about the illness,” “anxiety about being dismissed,” “regrets about resigning,” “sense of isolation,” “feelings of remorse,” and “suffering.” Outward-directed feelings include “failure in interpersonal relationships,” “distrust,” “frustrations,” “negative feelings toward those with mental disorder.” Employment has been linked to having better social networks, to enhanced quality of life and to overall wellbeing. We will have to defend them legally. The legal and moral obligations placed on the employer require that it provides a healthy, harassment-free work environment.
文摘Yulinling is a famous piece of Ci by Liu Yong of the Song Dynasty.It is one long-cherished classical in lamenting the sorrow of departure.The author pictures a gloomy scene of separation:the cold autumn,the long corridor,the misty sea and the lonely boat,all the scenes depicting the sorrow and unwillingness of the separation between the two who are in deep love.The translator translated it into Eng lish in order to express his depressive feelings but he did not convey the depressive meaning of the original Ci in full extend.He lost some of the intentional feelings of the original in his translation.Through the comparison between Yulingling and its translation,the paper dis cusses the missing of emotional feelings in the translation of Ci works.
文摘Purpose: This study was conducted to describe feelings and spiritual practices of patients with mastectomy. Method: The study was employed a qualitative design at a private university hospital oncology unit in Ankara, Turkey. Interviews were performed with 20 mastectomized women. Results: The findings indicated that commonly used in several spiritual practices;prayer was used by 96%, of the patients, and 94% requested that others pray for their health, the practice to positive reframing (76%), the practice to planning for family-friends activities (74%), visiting mos-que-shrine (73%), and the practice to reading Quran (71%). The categorization of the data led to identification of three thematic units. The first we described as “Experiencing the consequences of illness as a disorder”. The second was “Restoring a sense of order to life”, and the third was “Living with the new condition”. Conclusion: We concluded that a having mastectomy was difficult for the subjects. In this respect, nurses’ role is vital to help women with breast cancer in such a difficult and modifying process as breast removal.
文摘High levels of distress and disturbance amongst those experiencing acute mental illness can be a major problem for mental health nurses. The feelings experienced by these nurses when caring for and supporting disturbed and/or distressed patients along with their concurrent thoughts are not well described in the literature. To date, this complex issue has not been explored within a comparative European context. The objective of this qualitative study was to explore the feelings and thoughts of mental health nurses when supporting and caring for distressed and/or disturbed patients in 6 European countries. Methods: Focus groups were used to collect data from 130 mental health nurses working in acute inpatient psychiatric settings. Results: Data were analysed using content analysis. Findings highlighted 6 broad themes: 1) Mixed emotions: expressive and responsive, 2) Procedure for caring for and supporting disturbed and/or distressed patients, 3) Use of guidelines for caring and supporting disturbed and/or distressed patients, 4) Team and organisational support, 5) Ethical concerns: Cognitive dissonance and 6) Education and training. Commonalities and differences were?found across all themes. Approaches to care, nurses’ role and education, clinical guidelines and/or standards vary from country to country, therefore the care, treatment and management of distressed and/or disturbed patients are various. As a result, mental health nurses have different experiences, various emotional quandaries concurrent with cognitive dissonance and different coping strategies when caring for and supporting distressed and disturbed patients. Conclusions: More emphasis needs to be given to the emotional quandaries and concurrent cognitive dissonance experienced by mental health nurses caring for distressed and/or disturbed inpatients in acute psychiatric settings. Increased access to education and training with particular attention to interpersonal communication and relationship building within clinical teams needs to be a priority given the experiences described by mental health nurses.
基金Phase results of Institute of College-level Project(Project No.202013)by Longjiang Provincial Political and Legal Management Cadre Institute.
文摘"The love for our children as well as the love for our country and people"are the common emotions of all human beings.The Chinese nation's feelings toward their relatives,hometown,and country are immensely deep and strong that they have surpassed all other nations.This article analyzed the causes of the Chinese nation's strong feelings toward their home and country based on China's development history and geopolitics.
文摘Insomnia is among the most common sleep disorders worldwide.Insomnia in older adults is a social and public health problem.Insomnia affects the physical and mental health of elderly hospitalized patients and can aggravate or induce physical illnesses.Understanding subjective feelings and providing reasonable and standardized care for elderly hospitalized patients with insomnia are urgent issues.AIM To explore the differences in self-reported outcomes associated with insomnia among elderly hospitalized patients.METHODS One hundred patients admitted to the geriatric unit of our hospital between June 2021 and December 2021 were included in this study.Self-reported symptoms were assessed using the Athens Insomnia Scale(AIS),Generalized Anxiety Disorder Scale-7(GAD-7),Geriatric Depression Scale-15(GDS-15),Memorial University of Newfoundland Scale of Happiness(MUNSH),Barthel Index Evaluation(BI),Morse Fall Scale(MFS),Mini-Mental State Examination,and the Short Form 36 Health Survey Questionnaire(SF-36).Correlation coefficients were used to analyze the correlation between sleep quality and self-reported symptoms.Effects of insomnia was analyzed using Logistic regression analysis.RESULTS Nineteen patients with AIS≥6 were included in the insomnia group,and the incidence of insomnia was 19%(19/100).The remaining 81 patients were assigned to the non-insomnia group.There were significant differences between the two groups in the GDA-7,GDS-15,MUNSH,BI,MFS,and SF-36 items(P<0.05).Patients in the insomnia group were more likely to experience anxiety,depression,and other mental illnesses,as well as difficulties with everyday tasks and a greater risk of falling(P<0.05).Subjective well-being and quality of life were poorer in the insomnia group than in the control group.The AIS scores positively correlated with the GAD-7,GDS-15,and MFS scores in elderly hospitalized patients with insomnia(P<0.05).Logistic regression analysis showed that GDS-15≥5 was an independent risk factor for insomnia in elderly hospitalized patients(P<0.05).CONCLUSION The number of self-reported symptoms was higher among elderly hospitalized patients with insomnia.Therefore,we should focus on the main complaints of patients to meet their care needs.
文摘Understanding modern poetry is a big problem for average readers because of all kinds of rhetorical devices filled with them,especially metaphors,which are hard for the readers to understand clearly.Thus,grasping metaphors would provide a possible solution to enhance the understanding of modern poetry.Based on the motivation to better understand modern poetry,the paper explores the 11 mechanisms of metaphors in modern poetry with examples in detail,i.e.,blending,mapping,frame shifting,image schema,conceptual integration,contextual grounding,inter-subjectivity,embodied cognition,recursiveness,juxtaposition,shape-moulding,by borrowing some concepts from Cognitive Linguistics,literary studies,and Rhetorics,which can be adopted as means and methods to understand modern poems.
基金Jiangxi Provincial Social Science Planning Project"Research and Reflection on the'Modern Literary Tradition'of Literature in the New Era"(Project No.19WXo2).
文摘It is an important proposition of contemporary realist literature creation to be close to the mundane lifestyles in reality and write about the Chinese experience.From the far-reaching heroic narration of the early years,to the Chinese stories since the 21st century,the realist literature creation deals with the mundane daily life,showing a turn towards worldly feelings.Liang Xiaosheng's novel A Lifelong Journey extends the perspective to the living space of ordinary people in the cities.Unlike the epic depiction of"regretless heroes"in the zhiqing novels from his earlier years,Liang makes a shift to the writing of worldly feelings about the warmth in reality.While writing about the hardships in reality,this novel continues to construct stories of good people and adheres to the ethical positioning of good people culture.The two generate a conflict with each other throughout the text,forming the narrative tension.However,governed by the emotional structure of the good people culture,the novel lacks the expression of complex human nature while putting a focus on the mundane existence.
文摘"I’d like to say that you’v e returned home now!""To tell you my inner most feeling,I have two homes.One is in Japan,the other is in China."On a winter day in November 2009,Chinese Premier Wen Jiabao invited a group of
基金supported in part by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.61701197)in part by the open research fund of State Key Laboratory of Integrated Services Networks(No.ISN23-11)+3 种基金in part by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(No.2021YFA1000500(4))in part by the 111 Project(No.B23008)in part by the Future Network Scientific Research Fund Project(FNSRFP2021-YB-11)in part by the project of Changzhou Key Laboratory of 5G+Industrial Internet Fusion Application(No.CM20223015)。
文摘Federated edge learning(FEEL)technology for vehicular networks is considered as a promising technology to reduce the computation workload while keeping the privacy of users.In the FEEL system,vehicles upload data to the edge servers,which train the vehicles’data to update local models and then return the result to vehicles to avoid sharing the original data.However,the cache queue in the edge is limited and the channel between edge server and each vehicle is time-varying.Thus,it is challenging to select a suitable number of vehicles to ensure that the uploaded data can keep a stable cache queue in edge server while maximizing the learning accuracy.Moreover,selecting vehicles with different resource statuses to update data will affect the total amount of data involved in training,which further affects the model accuracy.In this paper,we propose a vehicle selection scheme,which maximizes the learning accuracy while ensuring the stability of the cache queue,where the statuses of all the vehicles in the coverage of edge server are taken into account.The performance of this scheme is evaluated through simulation experiments,which indicates that our proposed scheme can perform better than the known benchmark scheme.
