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高效液相色谱法定量测定玉米中腐马素毒素(Fumonisins) 被引量:4
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作者 白清云 廖楠 +1 位作者 沈跃 张克强 《农业环境保护》 CSCD 北大核心 2002年第6期512-515,共4页
本研究介绍了一种简单、快速分析测定玉米中腐马素毒素(fumonisins)残留的方法。样品用甲醇+水混合液提取,对提取液用小型强酸型阴离子固相萃取柱(SAX)纯化。纯化后的样品经化学衍生处理后,用反相高效液相色谱分离,并以荧光分光光度检... 本研究介绍了一种简单、快速分析测定玉米中腐马素毒素(fumonisins)残留的方法。样品用甲醇+水混合液提取,对提取液用小型强酸型阴离子固相萃取柱(SAX)纯化。纯化后的样品经化学衍生处理后,用反相高效液相色谱分离,并以荧光分光光度检测器定量测定。该方法对于添加已知量、添加水平在0.3—2mg·kg-1腐马素的玉米样的测定证实:其平均回收率在80%以上,而该方法对于腐马素三种同系物的最低检出限分别为0.1—0.05mg·kg-1。此外,本方法也对有限数目的大米、大麦、小米、高粱样中存在腐马素毒素污染的可能性进行了验证,结论是否定的。 展开更多
关键词 测定 玉米 腐马素毒素 化学衍生 反相高效液相色谱 定量分析 食品 污染物
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Evaluation of maize inbred lines for resistance to pre-harvest aflatoxin and fumonisin contamination in the field 被引量:1
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作者 Baozhu Guo Xiangyun Ji +5 位作者 Xinzhi Ni Jake C.Fountain Hong Li Hamed K.Abbas Robert D.Lee Brian T.Scully 《The Crop Journal》 SCIE CAS CSCD 2017年第3期259-264,共6页
Two important mycotoxins, aflatoxin and fumonisin, are among the most potent naturally occurring carcinogens, contaminating maize(Zea mays) and affecting crop yield and quality.Resistance of maize to pre-harvest mycot... Two important mycotoxins, aflatoxin and fumonisin, are among the most potent naturally occurring carcinogens, contaminating maize(Zea mays) and affecting crop yield and quality.Resistance of maize to pre-harvest mycotoxin contamination, specifically aflatoxin produced by Aspergillus flavus and fumonisin produced by Fusarium verticillioides, is a goal in breeding programs that screen for these important traits with the aim of developing resistant commercial hybrids. We conducted two years of field evaluations on 87 inbred lines originating primarily in China and Mexico and not previously screened for resistance.The objectives of our study were to identify resistant germplasm for breeding purposes and to examine possible relationships between resistances to the two mycotoxins. Aflatoxin and fumonisin were present in samples harvested from all lines in both years.Concentrations of total aflatoxin ranged from 52.00 ± 20.00 to 1524.00 ± 396.00 μg kg^(-1),while those of fumonisin ranged from 0.60 ± 0.06 to 124.00 ± 19.50 mg kg^(-1). The inbred lines TUN15, TUN61, TUN37, CY2, and TUN49 showed the lowest aflatoxin accumulation and CN1, GT601, TUN09, TUN61, and MP717 the lowest fumonisin accumulation. TUN61 showed the lowest accumulation of both mycotoxins. This study confirmed previous observations that high levels of aflatoxin can coexist with fumonisin, with 55 maize lines showing a positive correlation coefficient between the concentrations of aflatoxin and fumonisin and 32 lines showing a negative correlation coefficient. These selected lines,particularly TUN61, may provide sources of resistance to mycotoxin contamination in breeding programs. However, the mechanism of resistance in this germplasm remains to be identified. Future research should also address factors that influence the fungus–plant interaction, such as herbivory and environmental stress. 展开更多
关键词 AFLATOXIN fumonisin Inbredline MAIZE MYCOTOXIN
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Effects of Fumonisin B1 on Biomechanics and Cytoskeleton of Human Umbilical Vein Endothelial Cells
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作者 Xue Zhao Jiangli Liu +4 位作者 Yun Wang Shichao Zhang Jing Zhou Zhu Zeng Zuquan Hu 《医用生物力学》 EI CAS CSCD 北大核心 2019年第A01期120-120,共1页
Objective Fumonisin B1(FB1)is an important mycotoxin in nature worldwide.The biomechanical properties of cells are closely related to their structure and function,and the cytoskeleton is the structural and functional ... Objective Fumonisin B1(FB1)is an important mycotoxin in nature worldwide.The biomechanical properties of cells are closely related to their structure and function,and the cytoskeleton is the structural and functional basis of cells motility,and therefore,from a biomechanical point of view,the purpose of this study is to investigate the effects of FB1 on the biomechanical properties,migration capacity and cytoskeletal structure of human umbilical vein endothelial cells(HUVECs),which may lay an experimental foundation for further exploration of the toxicity mechanism of fumonisin.Methods HUVECs were cultured and treated with different concentrations of FB1.Then,CCK-8 kit was used to detect the effect of FB1 on the survival rate.The osmotic fragility of the cells was measured after treatment with different osmotic pressures for30 min.The cell membrane fluidity was measured by fluorescence polarization method.The cell electrophoretic mobility was measured by cell electrophoretic apparatus.The migration capacity of the cells was observed by scratch repair assay.The changes of reactive oxygen species and cytoskeletal structure were observed by confocal laser scanning microscopy.Finally,the mRNA and protein relative expression levels of cytoskeletal binding proteins were detected by real-time PCR,Western blotting and confocal laser scanning.Results The results of CCK-8 showed that FB1 could significantly inhibit the proliferation of HUVECs in a dose-and time-dependent manner.After treatment of HUVECs with FB1,the hypotonic resistance of the cell,cell surface charge,cell membrane fluidity and migration capacity were all weakened,while reactive oxygen species were significantly increased and the cytoskeletal structure was significantly reorganized.Furthermore,RTPCR results showed that the mRNA relative expression levels of cytoskeletal binding proteins,exception of actin,were down-regulated after treated with FB1.Besides,Western blotting and statistical analysis based on fluorescence intensity of laser confocal microscopy confirmed theses changes in protein level.Conclusions FB1 can significantly affect the biomechanical properties and motility of HUVECs,which may be directly correlated to the remodel of F-actin cytoskeleton,as well as the relative expression changes of cytoskeletal binding proteins.It is significant for further exploring the toxicity mechanism of fumonisin. 展开更多
关键词 fumonisin human UMBILICAL VEIN ENDOTHELIAL cells BIOMECHANICAL properties CYTOSKELETON
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Ameliorated effects of Lactobacillus delbrueckii subsp. lactis DSM 20076 and Pediococcus acidilactici NNRL B-5627 on Fumonisin B1-induced Hepatotoxicity and Nephrotoxicity in rats
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作者 Amira A. Abdellatef Ashraf A. Khalil 《Asian Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences》 SCIE CAS 2016年第2期326-336,共11页
Oxidative stress has been implicated in a number of human regeneration and disease processes including atherosclerosis, pulmonary fibrosis, cancer, and different neurodegenerative diseases.The aim of this study was to... Oxidative stress has been implicated in a number of human regeneration and disease processes including atherosclerosis, pulmonary fibrosis, cancer, and different neurodegenerative diseases.The aim of this study was to evaluate the protective effects of Lactobacillus delbrueckii subsp. lactis DSM 20076 (LL-DSM) and Pediococcus acidilactici NNRL B-5627 (PA-NNRL) against the hepatic-and nephro-toxicity of fumonisin B1 (FB1) in FB1-treated rats for an experimental period of 4-weeks. Eighty mature male Sprague-Dawley rats were divided to 12 groups: 1 untreated group;3 groups fed by a FB1-contaminated diet (50, 100 and 200 mg FB1/kg diet,respectively);1 group fed orally by LL-DSM(1 ml/d);1 group fed orally by PA-NNRL (1 ml/d);3 groups co-administered by FB1-contaminated diet and LL-DSM (1 ml/d), and 3 groups coadministered by FB1-contaminated diet and PA-NNRL(1 ml/d). Malonaldehyde (MDA) nitric oxide, glutathione content, SOD activity, total antioxidant capacity (TAC), total oxidant status (TOS) and oxidative stress index (OSI) were determined. DPA assay was used to assess apoptosis in liver and kidney tissues.The animals fed with FB1-contaminated diet showed a significant increase in oxidative stress markers and DNA fragmentation accompanied with significant decrease in GSH content, SOD activity, and TAC in liver and kidney tissues, especially at highdosage of FB1 (T200). Probiotics antioxidant strains (LL-DSM and PA-NNRL) relatively succeeded to restore almost all parameters investigated as well as to reduce DNA fragmentation in liver and kidney tissues. As a conclusion, probiotics may induce its protective role via increasing the antioxidant capacity, inhibition of lipid peroxidation, scavenging of free radicals and decreasing DNA lesions in liver and kidney of experimental animals tested. 展开更多
关键词 fumonisin B1 LACTIC acid bacteria Oxidative stress Antioxidant activity Lipid PEROXIDATION Apoptosis
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Effect of Planting Density, Irrigation Regimes, and Maize Hybrids with Varying Ear Size on Yield, and Aflatoxin and Fumonisin Contamination Levels
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作者 Hamed K. Abbas Henry J. Mascagni Jr. +1 位作者 H. Arnold Bruns W. Thomas Shier 《American Journal of Plant Sciences》 2012年第10期1341-1354,共14页
Corn (maize, Zea mays L.) hybrids expressing the flexibility trait in ear size (number of kernels per ear) are marketed for ability to give higher yields under adverse conditions. Altered kernel number is associated w... Corn (maize, Zea mays L.) hybrids expressing the flexibility trait in ear size (number of kernels per ear) are marketed for ability to give higher yields under adverse conditions. Altered kernel number is associated with altered number of silk, a major route for infection of kernels by aflatoxin-producing fungi such as Aspergillus flavus. The effect of plant density and irrigation level on yield and accumulation of aflatoxins and fumonisins in harvested grain was compared in a fixed-ear hybrid (Pioneer 33K81), a semi-flexible ear hybrid (Pioneer 3223) and a flexible ear hybrid (Golden Acres 8460) over a range of seeding densities (49,400, 61,750, 74,700, 86,450, and 98,800 seeds·ha–1) in non-irrigated, moderately-irrigated (6.4 cm soil water deficit) and well-irrigated plots (3.8 cm soil water deficit), during three years with variable rainfall. Irrigation increased yields in all hybrids, but in the absence of irrigation, yields were highest with the semi-flexible ear trait hybrid. In general, the hybrid with the flexible ear trait had lower optimal seeding densities than the other hybrids for each soil water regime. In general, kernel number was least affected by seeding density in the hybrid with fixed-ear trait compared to the semi- and flexible ear hybrids. The lowest levels of aflatoxin and of fumonisin contamination in harvested grain were associated with the flexible ear trait at all rainfall and irrigation levels, but there was no evidence that reducing stress by lowering seeding density reduced mycotoxin contamination. Inoculation with A. flavus resulted in much higher levels of aflatoxin and significantly higher levels of fumonisin contamination in grain of all hybrids under most conditions of rainfall and irrigation, suggesting that factors that promote A. flavus infection can affect production of both mycotoxins. 展开更多
关键词 AFLATOXIN fumonisin MYCOTOXIN CORN Maize Environmental Manipulation Irrigation Flexible Kernel Number TRAIT
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Fumonisin-Producing Fusarium from Maize Grains in Tretep, Indonesia
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作者 Petrus Adityo Nugroho Francis Maria Constance Sigit Setyabudi +1 位作者 Baharudin Saleh Endang SutriswatiRahayu 《Journal of Food Science and Engineering》 2013年第10期534-540,共7页
Fusarium species commonly occur in maize are fungal pathogen which produce mycotoxins, such as fumonisin, trichothecene and zearalenone. In this study, Fusarium species were isolated from maize kernel from Tretep, mai... Fusarium species commonly occur in maize are fungal pathogen which produce mycotoxins, such as fumonisin, trichothecene and zearalenone. In this study, Fusarium species were isolated from maize kernel from Tretep, maize producer region and were identified based on microscopic- and macroscopic characters as well as molecular characters using PCR assays and the partial sequence of TEF 1-α gene (Translation Elongation Factor 1-α. The fumonisin-producing ability of these Fusarium was determined by growing them in corn medium and analyzed their fumonisin by ELISA (enzyme-linked immuno assay). Among 9 isolates, three of them were identified as Fusarium verticillioides, two as Fusarium temperatum, two as Fusarium globosum, one as Fusarium proliJeratum and one as Fusarium subglutinans. Fusarium temperatum is similar morphologically to F. subglutinans, however, both of their differences can be found by molecular analysis. Fumonisin-producing abilities of Fusarium were determined in concentrations 20.51 pg/g-1,109.74 pg/g medium with the highest producer was identified as F. globosum. 展开更多
关键词 FUSARIUM tretep IDENTIFICATION MOLECULAR TEF-1α fumonisin.
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Development of Three Risk Assessment Models for Deoxynivalenol and Fumonisins B1 + B2 Contents in Maize Kernel
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作者 C. Levasseur O. Surel D. Kleiber 《Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology(B)》 2011年第4期483-494,共12页
The maximal deoxynivalenol (DON) and fumonisins 131 + B2 (FUM) contents in cereals are dictated by the European regulation 1126/2007. The direct measurement of these mycotoxins is a tedious and expensive process.... The maximal deoxynivalenol (DON) and fumonisins 131 + B2 (FUM) contents in cereals are dictated by the European regulation 1126/2007. The direct measurement of these mycotoxins is a tedious and expensive process. Our study is based on an alternative tool: near infrared spectroscopy. Different models were developed on 374 maize samples to predict their DON and FUM contents. Several parameters have been determined and used in a multivariate data analysis. Three models were developed: (1) a classification model based on Discriminant Factor Analysis (DFA), (2) a linear model based on ANalysis of COVAriance (ANCOVA) and (3) a Partial Least Squares Discriminant Analysis model (PLS-DA). Firstly, the performances of the DFA model for assessing DON and FUM risk were similar: 69 and 72% of the validation samples were respectively well classified. In the second part, the performances of the ANCOVA model for DON were higher than for FUM. The r2 was worth respectively 0.85 and 0.69. In the last part, the performances of the PLS-DA models were better for FUM than for DON. These results show that an evaluation of the mycotoxin risk is possible by analyzing selected kernel parameters measurable by secondary analytical such as near-infrared spectroscopy. Further work is needed to improve the models, adding more samples and using non linear approaches. 展开更多
关键词 Maize kernel mycotoxins contents (deoxynivalenol and fumonisins) risk assessment near infrared spectroscopy.
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Growth Performance and Serum Lipids Profile of Clarias gariepinus Catfish Following Experimental Dietary Exposure to Fumonisin B1
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作者 Bolade Thomas Adeyemo Tiamiyu Lateef Oloyede +1 位作者 Ayuba Victoria Ogeh Cheikyula Joseph Orkuma 《Open Journal of Veterinary Medicine》 2016年第8期127-138,共13页
Fumonisin B<sub>1</sub> (FB<sub>1</sub>) is produced by fungus of the genus Fusarium (Fusarium verticiloides and F. proliferatum), and occurs predominantly in maize. The consumption of feed con... Fumonisin B<sub>1</sub> (FB<sub>1</sub>) is produced by fungus of the genus Fusarium (Fusarium verticiloides and F. proliferatum), and occurs predominantly in maize. The consumption of feed contaminated with FB<sub>1</sub> has been reported to cause deleterious effects in some fish species. This study was designed to determine the effects of dietary FB<sub>1</sub> on growth and lipids profile of Clarias gariepinus. 450 juvenile catfish were stocked into 5 groups of tanks consisting of 3 tanks per group and fed one of five diets amended with FB<sub>1</sub> (0.0 mg;10.0 mg;20.0 mg;40.0 mg and 80.0 mg FB<sub>1</sub>/kg) for 56 days. At time point’s day 7, 14, 28 and 56, five fish were sampled from each tank weighted, length measured and bled for of lipids profile determinations. Results show that there was a significant reduction (P < 0.05), in the mean body length of the fish fed diets amended with various amounts of FB<sub>1</sub> compared with those fed control diet;also, there was a significant reduction (P < 0.05) in the weight gain of fishes fed diets amended with FB<sub>1</sub> compared with the control. The specific growth rate and the feed conversion ratio at 56 days shows fish fed 0.0 mg FB<sub>1</sub>/kg had the highest specific growth rate (0.39 ± 0.14%/day) and the lowest feed conversion ratio (0.59 ± 0.01) whereas, fish fed 80.0 mg FB<sub>1</sub>/kg had the least specific growth rate (0.07% ± 0.01%/day) and the highest feed conversion ratio (1.95 ± 0.11). Dietary FB<sub>1</sub> caused significant increases (P < 0.05) in serum cholesterol, HDL-C;LDL-C;triglycerides and the sphinganine-sphingosine ratio. Dietary FB<sub>1</sub> at an inclusion rate ≥ 20 mg FB<sub>1</sub>/kg of diet produced significant reduction in weight gain and hyperlipidemia marked by hypercholesterolemia, increased blood high-density lipid cholesterol, increased blood low-density lipid cholesterol, elevated blood triglycerides and elevated sphinganine-sphingosine ratio. 展开更多
关键词 Clarias gariepinus fumonisin B1 Lipids Profile Growth Performance Cholesterol CATFISH
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Aflatoxin and Fumonisin in Corn Production Chain in Bafia, Centre Cameroon: Impact of Processing Techniques
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作者 E. Nguegwouo E. E. Njumbe +6 位作者 P. B. Njobeh G. N. Medoua Z. Ngoko M. Fotso S. De Saeger E. Fokou F. X. Etoa 《Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmacology》 2017年第8期579-590,共12页
Food safety is to be a vital component of food security, with mycotoxin contamination, a major contributing factor. In linewith this, this study aimed at investigating the effect of maize maturity at harvest, and proc... Food safety is to be a vital component of food security, with mycotoxin contamination, a major contributing factor. In linewith this, this study aimed at investigating the effect of maize maturity at harvest, and processing techniques on the aflatoxin andfumonisin levels in maize and maize products. Three maize maturity stages (80, 85, and 90 days after sowing), two drying processes(sun and barn drying), three storage periods (one, two and three months) and subsequent maize derivatives under these conditionswere sampled. These were analysed for total aflatoxins and total fumonisins using quantitative ELISA and samples with totalaflatoxins and total fumonisins exceeding regulated levels were analyzed by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry(LC-MS/MS) to determine the sub-types of toxins present. Results obtained showed that all analyzed samples were contaminatedwith total aflatoxins (range: 0.8 to 20 μg/kg) and total fumonisins (range: 10 to 5990 μg/kg). Sun or barn drying for one weekfollowed by one month usual storage resulted in significant total fumonisins contamination, emphasizing the need of at least twoweeks of drying maize. It was also observed that processing techniques partly reduced the levels of toxins, mainly in maize productsthat have a sieving step. 展开更多
关键词 Maize processing TOTAL aflatoxins TOTAL fumonisins Cameroon.
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Probable Effects of Dual Inoculation of Maize (<i>Zea mays</i>) Stem with <i>Fusarium verticillioides</i>and Certain <i>Trichoderma</i>Species on Fumonisin Content of Maize Seeds
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作者 A.A.Sobowale 《American Journal of Plant Sciences》 2019年第5期752-759,共8页
Seeds from maize (Z. mays) plants whose stems received various treatment combinations of pathogen (F. verticillioides) and four antagonists (i.e. Trichoderma harzianum strain 2, T. hamatum, T. pseudokoningii strains 2... Seeds from maize (Z. mays) plants whose stems received various treatment combinations of pathogen (F. verticillioides) and four antagonists (i.e. Trichoderma harzianum strain 2, T. hamatum, T. pseudokoningii strains 2 and 5) in the field were subjected to fumonisin analysis. Three pairing methods were employed for the inoculation of pathogen and the antagonists into stem of the maize plant, viz., “Pathogen inoculated before Antagonist”, “Antagonist inoculated before Pathogen”, and “Antagonist and Pathogen inoculated simultaneously”. Controls include “Inoculation of pathogen alone”, “Inoculation of antagonist alone”, and “Inoculation of sterile toothpicks”. Inoculation method used was the toothpick method. Seeds were harvested five weeks after inoculation and subjected to fumonisin analysis. Resulting data were subjected to ANOVA using the GLM procedure of SAS. There was a high significance among treatments i.e. there were varying levels of fumonisin occurrence among the treatments and varying Fusarium occurrences within the blocks. Seeds from treatments involving “Inoculating T. pseudokoningii strain 5 alone” and “Inoculating T. harzianum strain 2 alone” had the highest mean fumonisin content (P > 0.01) which were not significantly higher than in control. Seeds from treatments involving “Inoculating T. pseudokoningii strain 5 and pathogen simultaneously” and “Inoculating T. harzianum strain 2 before pathogen” were significantly low in fumonisin content compared to seeds from other treatments. Seeds which received “Inoculation of T. hamatum alone” were also significantly low (P > 0.01) in fumonisin content compared to others. It could thus be said that treatments involving Trichoderma species applied in the maize stem might have an effect on the fumonisin content and hence Fusarium occurrence in the seeds depending on the occurrence pattern of the Trichoderma within the maize stem. 展开更多
关键词 fumonisinS Antagonist TRICHODERMA SPECIES Pathogen Fusarium verticillioides
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CrylAb蛋白和杂种基因型对玉米镰刀菌穗腐病和Fumonisin浓度的影响
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作者 M.J.Clements 向平 《国外作物育种》 2003年第6期23-24,共2页
关键词 CrylAb蛋白 杂种基因型 玉米 镰刀菌穗腐病 fumonisin浓度 欧洲玉米螟 玉米螟
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伏马菌素B_(1)脱毒研究进展
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作者 李露露 王硕 +1 位作者 王晓萱 龙淼 《动物营养学报》 CAS CSCD 北大核心 2024年第1期115-123,共9页
伏马菌素B_(1)(FB_(1))是由镰刀菌产生的水溶性代谢产物,存在于镰刀菌污染了的谷物、油料作物、坚果、饲草和饲料中,是常见的真菌毒素之一。FB_(1)会对神经系统、呼吸系统、消化系统和生殖系统产生不同毒性作用,给农牧业造成不可估量的... 伏马菌素B_(1)(FB_(1))是由镰刀菌产生的水溶性代谢产物,存在于镰刀菌污染了的谷物、油料作物、坚果、饲草和饲料中,是常见的真菌毒素之一。FB_(1)会对神经系统、呼吸系统、消化系统和生殖系统产生不同毒性作用,给农牧业造成不可估量的经济损失。如何对FB_(1)进行脱毒,以降低其毒性作用,是目前研究的热点。因此,本文对FB_(1)的物理脱毒、化学脱毒、生物脱毒及其应用进行综述,重点对常用于FB_(1)生物脱毒的菌株和酶及其脱毒效果、脱毒机制进行了深入探讨,以期为提高FB_(1)脱毒效率和开发新的FB_(1)脱毒方法提供参考和思路。 展开更多
关键词 伏马菌素B_(1) 饲料 脱毒 微生物
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Free and Hidden Fumonisins in Hordei Fructus Germinatus and Their Transfer to the Decoction 被引量:2
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作者 Ling Hu Hai-Qiang Zhu +3 位作者 Mei-Lin Ni Jian Yang Chuan-Zhi Kang Lan-Ping Guo 《World Journal of Traditional Chinese Medicine》 2020年第1期106-111,共6页
Objective:This study aimed to determine the free and hidden fumonisins in Hordei Fructus Germinatus samples and to investigate the transfer rates of these mycotoxins from Hordei Fructus Germinatus to its decoction.Mat... Objective:This study aimed to determine the free and hidden fumonisins in Hordei Fructus Germinatus samples and to investigate the transfer rates of these mycotoxins from Hordei Fructus Germinatus to its decoction.Materials and Methods:The contamination levels of free and hidden fumonisins in a total of 60 Hordei Fructus Germinatus samples were analyzed using high-performance liquid chromatography coupled to tandem mass spectrometry(LC-MS/MS).The decoction procedure was simulated with a highly contaminated Hordei Fructus Germinatus sample,and fumonisins in the resulting decoction preparation were determined by LC-MS/MS.Results:Among all the samples,8.3%were contaminated with free fumonisins(FB1 and/or FB2)and 13.3%were contaminated with total fumonisins(free+hidden,measured as hydrolyzed fumonisins,i.e.,HFB1 and/or HFB2).The concentrations of FB1 and HFB1 reached up to 83 and 95μg/kg,respectively,whereas FB2 and HFB2 were detected only in traces.The transfer rates of free and total fumonisins from Hordei Fructus Germinatus to the decoction were 71.8%and 83.3%for FB1 and FB2,respectively.In comparison,much lower transfer rates were found for total fumonisins,i.e.,38.2%and 24.7%for HFB1 and HFB2,respectively.Conclusion:The incidence and contamination levels of free and hidden fumonisins in Hordei Fructus Germinatus samples were generally low.Regarding decoction preparation,the transfer rates of free fumonisins into the decoction were high,whereas a large part of hidden fumonisins were retained in Hordei Fructus Germinatus rather than migrating into water. 展开更多
关键词 DECOCTION fumonisinS hidden fumonisins Hordei Fructus Germinatus liquid chromatography coupled to tandem mass spectrometry transfer rate
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基于氧化应激和线粒体功能障碍的伏马毒素B1诱导线虫神经毒性机制
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作者 叶永丽 张晓娟 +3 位作者 唐莉莉 王加生 张银志 孙秀兰 《食品与生物技术学报》 CAS CSCD 北大核心 2024年第3期26-35,共10页
为研究线粒体功能和氧化应激在伏马毒素B1(fumonisin B1,FB1)诱导神经毒性中的作用,以秀丽隐杆线虫为模型,对FB1处理后的线虫行为表型以及包括氧化应激和线粒体功能相关指标变化进行分析。结果表明,20~200μg/mL的FB1暴露24 h以剂量依... 为研究线粒体功能和氧化应激在伏马毒素B1(fumonisin B1,FB1)诱导神经毒性中的作用,以秀丽隐杆线虫为模型,对FB1处理后的线虫行为表型以及包括氧化应激和线粒体功能相关指标变化进行分析。结果表明,20~200μg/mL的FB1暴露24 h以剂量依赖方式诱导细胞色素氧化酶、超氧化物歧化酶(superoxide dismutase,SOD)和过氧化氢酶(catalase,CAT)相关基因(cyp35A2、sod-1、sod-3、ctl-2和ctl-3)的异常表达。此外,100~200μg/mL的FB1处理降低了线虫线粒体密度,并显著降低了三磷酸腺苷(adenosine triphosphate,ATP)水平和线粒体膜电位(P<0.05)。200μg/mL的FB1处理显著抑制了线虫线粒体呼吸链复合物I和Ⅴ的表达,提高了线粒体分裂基因drp-1的表达水平。相关性分析显示,氧化应激和线粒体功能相关指标的表达与线虫行为学表型具有显著相关性。综上,FB1可能通过参与线虫氧化应激、线粒体呼吸链和线粒体动力学过程诱导神经毒性。 展开更多
关键词 伏马毒素B1 秀丽隐杆线虫 氧化应激 线粒体功能障碍 神经毒性
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外源氨基酸对层出镰刀菌菌丝生长和伏马毒素合成的影响
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作者 梁文豪 胡时开 +7 位作者 圣忠华 魏祥进 焦桂爱 邵高能 谢黎虹 王玲 唐绍清 胡培松 《中国稻米》 北大核心 2024年第1期47-52,共6页
由层出镰刀菌引起的水稻穗腐病,不仅造成水稻产量损失,而且因产生真菌毒素而导致稻米品质下降。本研究通过在生长培养基中添加外源氨基酸,评价其对层出镰刀菌菌丝生长和伏马毒素合成的影响。结果表明,不同氨基酸和不同添加量对菌丝生长... 由层出镰刀菌引起的水稻穗腐病,不仅造成水稻产量损失,而且因产生真菌毒素而导致稻米品质下降。本研究通过在生长培养基中添加外源氨基酸,评价其对层出镰刀菌菌丝生长和伏马毒素合成的影响。结果表明,不同氨基酸和不同添加量对菌丝生长均有影响。与未添加氨基酸的对照相比,在MM培养基上添加L-精氨酸、L-谷氨酸、L-脯氨酸和L-瓜氨酸,在PDA培养基上添加L-谷氨酸,均抑制菌丝生长。添加氨基酸显著提高了伏马毒素含量,且随着氨基酸浓度升高,在PDA中产毒量减少,在MM中则呈增加趋势。外源氨基酸明显改变了伏马毒素生物合成基因在转录水平上的表达,但基因表达模式与毒素含量并不一致。综合分析表明,外源氨基酸会影响层出镰刀菌菌丝生长和伏马毒素含量,且不同氨基酸组分与菌丝生长和伏马毒素合成的关联性不同。 展开更多
关键词 水稻 穗腐病 层出镰刀菌 外源氨基酸 菌丝生长 伏马毒素
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利用时间分辨荧光免疫层析法同时定量检测玉米中的伏马毒素B_(1)、B_(2)和B_(3)
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作者 张佳林 马立才 +3 位作者 侯璐 孟和那仁 温凯 侯晓林 《食品工业科技》 CAS 北大核心 2024年第13期265-271,共7页
建立了一种可同时定量检测玉米中伏马毒素B_(1)、B_(2)和B_(3)的时间分辨荧光免疫层析方法。利用活化酯法制备时间分辨荧光微球和伏马毒素抗体的偶联物,将伏马毒素抗原包被到硝酸纤维素膜上作为T线,通过优化不同T线包被条数,最终建立伏... 建立了一种可同时定量检测玉米中伏马毒素B_(1)、B_(2)和B_(3)的时间分辨荧光免疫层析方法。利用活化酯法制备时间分辨荧光微球和伏马毒素抗体的偶联物,将伏马毒素抗原包被到硝酸纤维素膜上作为T线,通过优化不同T线包被条数,最终建立伏马毒素竞争性免疫层析方法。并对所建立方法的灵敏度、特异性、准确度、精密度和与国标方法分析结果的相关性进行评价。包被两条T线建立的检测方法检出限为107.68~168.28μg/kg,定量限为283.46~444.63μg/kg;与伏马毒素B_(1)、伏马毒素B_(2)和伏马毒素B_(3)的交叉反应率分别为100%、85.59%和72.72%,与其它5种常见的真菌毒素均无明显交叉;加标回收率范围88.37%~117.42%,变异系数小于10%;该方法与国标方法GB 5009.240-2016中规定的免疫亲和柱净化-高效液相色谱法(IAC-HPLC)检测结果的符合度在92.17%~107.21%之间。建立的时间分辨荧光免疫层析检测方法能满足对玉米中伏马毒素B_(1)、B_(2)和B_(3)的现场快速定量检测。 展开更多
关键词 时间分辨荧光微球 伏马毒素B_(1) 伏马毒素B_(2) 伏马毒素B_(3) 玉米 定量检测
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RNA m^(1)A和m^(5)C甲基化修饰在拟轮枝镰孢伏马毒素生物合成中的作用
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作者 侯智涵 郝楠 +2 位作者 李佳琪 赵斌 刘颖超 《生物技术通报》 CAS CSCD 北大核心 2024年第9期282-290,共9页
【目的】拟轮枝镰孢(Fusarium verticillioides)是一种危害严重的植物病原真菌,极大降低了粮食产量,还产生2B类致癌物伏马毒素,威胁人畜健康。探究RNA甲基化修饰与伏马毒素之间的联系,解析RNA修饰甲基化转移酶在伏马毒素合成中的作用。... 【目的】拟轮枝镰孢(Fusarium verticillioides)是一种危害严重的植物病原真菌,极大降低了粮食产量,还产生2B类致癌物伏马毒素,威胁人畜健康。探究RNA甲基化修饰与伏马毒素之间的联系,解析RNA修饰甲基化转移酶在伏马毒素合成中的作用。【方法】利用HPLC检测了不同地区的拟轮枝镰孢菌株的伏马毒素合成能力,采用QuEChERS前处理结合超高效液相色谱-串联质谱(UPLC-MS/MS)技术建立了m^(6)A、m^(1)A、m^(5)C、Gm、m^(7)G和Um等6种RNA甲基化修饰检测方法,继而对不同产毒菌株的RNA甲基化修饰进行了检测,并采用生物信息学和RT-qPCR方法确定了与伏马毒素合成相关的RNA甲基化修饰基因。【结果】不同地区的拟轮枝镰孢菌株伏马毒素合成能力具有显著差异,成功建立了RNA甲基化修饰检测方法,并确定m^(1)A和m^(5)CRNA甲基化修饰与伏马毒素合成负相关,RT-qPCR发现Fvalyref基因负调控伏马毒素生物合成。【结论】RNA m^(5)C甲基化修饰与伏马毒素生物合成呈负相关且其Reader基因Fvalyref负调控伏马毒素生物合成。 展开更多
关键词 拟轮枝镰孢 RNA甲基化修饰 检测 伏马毒素
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伏马毒素B_(1)对棉铃虫生长发育、解毒酶系和抗氧化酶系的影响
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作者 肖宏丽 杨南 +3 位作者 赵倩倩 庞民好 唐博文 刘颖超 《中国生物防治学报》 CSCD 北大核心 2024年第3期600-607,共8页
玉米耕作模式的转变,使伏马毒素B_(1)成为棉铃虫需要面对的新环境因素。为明确棉铃虫对这种新环境因素的适应机制,本研究测定了饲喂伏马毒素B_(1)后棉铃虫的生长发育情况及体内解毒酶、抗氧化酶活性。自棉铃虫3龄幼虫连续摄入伏马毒素B_... 玉米耕作模式的转变,使伏马毒素B_(1)成为棉铃虫需要面对的新环境因素。为明确棉铃虫对这种新环境因素的适应机制,本研究测定了饲喂伏马毒素B_(1)后棉铃虫的生长发育情况及体内解毒酶、抗氧化酶活性。自棉铃虫3龄幼虫连续摄入伏马毒素B_(1)后,幼虫期7 d体质量增长量、产卵量及孵化率较对照组有不同程度的降低,棉铃虫化蛹之前的发育历期较对照组缩短,而蛹期却延长。不同浓度的伏马毒素B_(1)胁迫不同时间后棉铃虫体内酯酶的活性均显著升高,细胞色素P450和谷胱甘肽S-转移酶的活性有不同程度的变化;抗氧化酶系中,过氧化氢酶和超氧化物歧化酶活性在伏马毒素B_(1)胁迫1 d时较对照组均显著升高,过氧化物酶活性仅在高剂量处理5 d时显著升高。棉铃虫伏马毒素B_(1)耐受品系中羧酸酯酶、过氧化氢酶、过氧化物酶活性较敏感品系显著升高,分别上升75.40%、50.74%、117.21%。综上,摄入伏马毒素B_(1)后棉铃虫的生长发育受到影响,棉铃虫通过激活酯酶、过氧化氢酶、过氧化物酶等应对伏马毒素B1的胁迫。 展开更多
关键词 棉铃虫 伏马毒素B_(1) 生长发育 解毒酶 抗氧化酶
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Occurrence of mycotoxins in food,feed,and milk in two counties from different agro-ecological zones and with historical outbreak of aflatoxins and fumonisins poisonings in Kenya 被引量:1
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作者 E.K.Kang’ethe A.J.Sirma +8 位作者 G.Murithi C.K.Mburugu-Mosoti E.O.Ouko H.J.Korhonen G.J.Nduhiu J.K.Mungatu V.Joutsjoki E.Lindfors S.Ramo 《Food Quality and Safety》 SCIE 2017年第3期161-169,共9页
Aflatoxins and fumonisins contaminate cereals during pre-and post-harvest periods.In this study,household or market maize,sorghum,millet,cow or goat milk,and animal feed samples collected from two counties(Makueni and... Aflatoxins and fumonisins contaminate cereals during pre-and post-harvest periods.In this study,household or market maize,sorghum,millet,cow or goat milk,and animal feed samples collected from two counties(Makueni and Nandi)of Kenya and were analyzed for aflatoxins and fumonisins using competitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and confirmation with high performance liquid chromatography.There was a significant difference(P<0.005)in the levels of aflatoxins between the home grown and market-sourced maize,sorghum,and millet samples.In Makueni,24.8%of home maize and 44.6%of the market maize samples exceeded the 10 ppb limit for aflatoxins.In all,93%and 90%of the maize samples were contaminated with fumonisins and 34%and 6%exceeded the 2 ppm limit in Makueni and Nandi,respectively;30%and 37%of homegrown sorghum and millet samples exceeded the 10 ppb limit for aflatoxin in Makueni and Nandi,respectively;and 89%and 81%of homegrown millet samples in Makueni and Nandi,respectively,were positive for fumonisins and 22%and 7%in Makueni and Nandi,respectively,exceeded the 2 ppm fumonisins limit.In total,52%and 87%of the milk samples in Nandi and Makueni,respectively,were contaminated with aflatoxin M1 and 8%of the samples from Makueni exceeded the 50 ppt limit.There is an urgent need to build capacity among the households on cheap,practical,and effective technologies that would reduce the proportions of food samples contaminated with aflatoxins and fumonisins. 展开更多
关键词 AFLATOXINS fumonisinS contamination CEREALS agro-ecological zones Kenya.
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我国饲料原料和配合饲料中T-2毒素、赭曲霉毒素A和伏马毒素的污染研究
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作者 赵伟 厉学武 +4 位作者 DESSALEGN Lamesgen 孙华 郭林英 刘梦 孙铝辉 《动物营养学报》 CAS CSCD 北大核心 2024年第4期2690-2698,共9页
本试验旨在研究我国饲料原料和配合饲料中T-2毒素、赭曲霉毒素A(OTA)和伏马毒素(FUM)的单独及联合污染情况。分别对从我国不同地区采集474、385和1905份饲料原料和配合饲料样品,进行T-2毒素、OTA和FUM含量检测。结果显示:饲料原料和配... 本试验旨在研究我国饲料原料和配合饲料中T-2毒素、赭曲霉毒素A(OTA)和伏马毒素(FUM)的单独及联合污染情况。分别对从我国不同地区采集474、385和1905份饲料原料和配合饲料样品,进行T-2毒素、OTA和FUM含量检测。结果显示:饲料原料和配合饲料中T-2毒素、OTA和FUM总污染率分别为26.8%、61.8%和59.3%,其含量平均值分别为0~45.8μg/kg、0.3~11.1μg/kg和0~16.3 mg/kg。值得注意的是,分别有0.4%、0.3%和0.5%的饲料原料和配合饲料中T-2毒素、OTA和FUM含量超过了我国《饲料卫生标准》,并且,60%以上的饲料原料中霉菌毒素的联合污染率达30.3%~88.9%。由此可见,我国饲料原料和配合饲料中T-2毒素、OTA和FUM的污染较严重,生产中加强监测我国饲料原料和配合饲料中上述霉菌毒素的污染情况和实施相关防控措施尤为重要。 展开更多
关键词 饲料 T-2毒素 赭曲霉毒素A 伏马毒素 污染
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