Introduction: Radiotherapy is often used to treat head and neck malignancies, with inevitable effects on the surrounding healthy tissues. We have reviewed the literature concerning the experimental irradiation of faci...Introduction: Radiotherapy is often used to treat head and neck malignancies, with inevitable effects on the surrounding healthy tissues. We have reviewed the literature concerning the experimental irradiation of facial bones in animals. Materials and Methods: A PubMed search was performed to retrieve animal experiments on the irradiation of facial bones that were published between January 1992 and January 2012. The search terms were “irradiation facial bone” and “irradiation osteoradionecrosis”. Results: Thirty-six publications were included. The irradiation sources were Cobalt60, orthovoltage, 4 - 6 megavolt photons, and brachytherapy. The total dose varied between 8 - 60 Gy in single or multiple fractions. The literature presents a broad range of animal studies that differ in terms of the in vivo model, irradiation, observation period, and evaluation of results. Discussion: The different animal models used leave many questions unanswered. A detailed and standardized description of the methodology and results would facilitate the comparability of future studies.展开更多
<strong>Introduction:</strong> Orbital floor fractures are a significant pathology among maxillofacial injuries. They can cause oculomotor, sensory, and sometimes esthetic disorders. The goal of this study...<strong>Introduction:</strong> Orbital floor fractures are a significant pathology among maxillofacial injuries. They can cause oculomotor, sensory, and sometimes esthetic disorders. The goal of this study was to determine the epidemiological profile of orbital floor fractures and show their clinical and therapeutic approach in Lomé. <strong>Patients and method: </strong>This was a descriptive retrospective study of orbital floor fractures collected in the ENT and maxillofacial surgery department of Sylvanus Olympio University Hospital in Lomé over 8 years (January 1, 2011 to December 31, 2018). <strong>Results: </strong>We reviewed 63 cases of orbital floor fractures out of 552 cases of facial trauma. According to the inclusion and non-inclusion criteria, we retained 51 cases. The hospital frequency of orbital floor fractures was 9.24% of facial fractures. The average age of the patients was 35 ± 10.34 years. Males were predominant (ratio = 7.5). The main etiology was road accidents (92.16%). Ophthalmological signs were dominated by vertical diplopia (31.37%), limited eye movement (25.49%), and enophthalmia (29.41%). The sensory sign was dominated by suborbital hypoesthesia (13.73%). Surgical treatment was performed in 86.27% of patients. The average intervention time was 17.84 ± 12.69 days after the trauma. The main approach was the subciliary route (65.91%). The surgical procedures consisted of muscle and fat removal (20.45%) and orbital floor repair by mesh plate (50%). The average length of hospitalization was 9.63 ± 5.23 days. Surgical site infection was the main postoperative complication observed in 3.92% of patients. The main sequelae were diplopia (4.55%), suborbital hypoesthesia (4.55%), and enophthalmos (4.55%). <strong>Conclusion: </strong>Orbital floor fractures are mainly due to road accidents. Management must be multidisciplinary and adequate in order to avoid irreversible functional and/or morphological sequelae. Their prevention consists of effective combat of road accidents.展开更多
A variety of techniques and materials for the rehabilitation and reconstruction of traumatized maxillary ridges prior to dental implants placement have been described in literature. Autogenous bone grafting is conside...A variety of techniques and materials for the rehabilitation and reconstruction of traumatized maxillary ridges prior to dental implants placement have been described in literature. Autogenous bone grafting is considered ideal by many researchers and it still remains the most predictable and documented method. The aim of this report is to underline the effectiveness of using allogeneic bone graft for managing maxillofacial trauma. A case of a 30-year-old male with severely atrophic maxillary ridge as a conse- quence of complex craniofacial injury is presented here. Augmentation procedure in two stages was performed using allogeneic and autogenous bone grafts in different areas of the osseous defect. Four months after grafting, during the implants placement surgery, samples of both sectors were withdrawn and submitted to histological evaluation. On the examination of the specimens, treated by hematoxylin and eosin staining, the morphology of integrated allogeneic bone grafts was revealed to be similar to the autologous bone. Our clinical experience shows how the allogeneic bone graft presented normal bone tissue architecture and is highly vascularized, and it can be used for reconstruction of severe trauma of the maxilla.展开更多
文摘Introduction: Radiotherapy is often used to treat head and neck malignancies, with inevitable effects on the surrounding healthy tissues. We have reviewed the literature concerning the experimental irradiation of facial bones in animals. Materials and Methods: A PubMed search was performed to retrieve animal experiments on the irradiation of facial bones that were published between January 1992 and January 2012. The search terms were “irradiation facial bone” and “irradiation osteoradionecrosis”. Results: Thirty-six publications were included. The irradiation sources were Cobalt60, orthovoltage, 4 - 6 megavolt photons, and brachytherapy. The total dose varied between 8 - 60 Gy in single or multiple fractions. The literature presents a broad range of animal studies that differ in terms of the in vivo model, irradiation, observation period, and evaluation of results. Discussion: The different animal models used leave many questions unanswered. A detailed and standardized description of the methodology and results would facilitate the comparability of future studies.
文摘<strong>Introduction:</strong> Orbital floor fractures are a significant pathology among maxillofacial injuries. They can cause oculomotor, sensory, and sometimes esthetic disorders. The goal of this study was to determine the epidemiological profile of orbital floor fractures and show their clinical and therapeutic approach in Lomé. <strong>Patients and method: </strong>This was a descriptive retrospective study of orbital floor fractures collected in the ENT and maxillofacial surgery department of Sylvanus Olympio University Hospital in Lomé over 8 years (January 1, 2011 to December 31, 2018). <strong>Results: </strong>We reviewed 63 cases of orbital floor fractures out of 552 cases of facial trauma. According to the inclusion and non-inclusion criteria, we retained 51 cases. The hospital frequency of orbital floor fractures was 9.24% of facial fractures. The average age of the patients was 35 ± 10.34 years. Males were predominant (ratio = 7.5). The main etiology was road accidents (92.16%). Ophthalmological signs were dominated by vertical diplopia (31.37%), limited eye movement (25.49%), and enophthalmia (29.41%). The sensory sign was dominated by suborbital hypoesthesia (13.73%). Surgical treatment was performed in 86.27% of patients. The average intervention time was 17.84 ± 12.69 days after the trauma. The main approach was the subciliary route (65.91%). The surgical procedures consisted of muscle and fat removal (20.45%) and orbital floor repair by mesh plate (50%). The average length of hospitalization was 9.63 ± 5.23 days. Surgical site infection was the main postoperative complication observed in 3.92% of patients. The main sequelae were diplopia (4.55%), suborbital hypoesthesia (4.55%), and enophthalmos (4.55%). <strong>Conclusion: </strong>Orbital floor fractures are mainly due to road accidents. Management must be multidisciplinary and adequate in order to avoid irreversible functional and/or morphological sequelae. Their prevention consists of effective combat of road accidents.
文摘A variety of techniques and materials for the rehabilitation and reconstruction of traumatized maxillary ridges prior to dental implants placement have been described in literature. Autogenous bone grafting is considered ideal by many researchers and it still remains the most predictable and documented method. The aim of this report is to underline the effectiveness of using allogeneic bone graft for managing maxillofacial trauma. A case of a 30-year-old male with severely atrophic maxillary ridge as a conse- quence of complex craniofacial injury is presented here. Augmentation procedure in two stages was performed using allogeneic and autogenous bone grafts in different areas of the osseous defect. Four months after grafting, during the implants placement surgery, samples of both sectors were withdrawn and submitted to histological evaluation. On the examination of the specimens, treated by hematoxylin and eosin staining, the morphology of integrated allogeneic bone grafts was revealed to be similar to the autologous bone. Our clinical experience shows how the allogeneic bone graft presented normal bone tissue architecture and is highly vascularized, and it can be used for reconstruction of severe trauma of the maxilla.
