Breast cancer is one of the most commonly diagnosed cancers and one of the most significant sources of cancer mortality. Triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) is a particularly aggressive subtype that has proven diffic...Breast cancer is one of the most commonly diagnosed cancers and one of the most significant sources of cancer mortality. Triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) is a particularly aggressive subtype that has proven difficult to treat with standard chemotherapies. Obesity has also been shown to exacerbate breast cancer, and diagnoses of these two diseases frequently overlap. Both conditions are regulated in part by the fat mass and obesity-associated (FTO) demethylase, an RNA demethylase which may drive breast cancers through epigenetic alterations to gene expression. Methods of inhibiting FTO have been researched in vitro and in vivo as an alternative or adjunct to chemotherapies in multiple cancers, including breast cancer. Translating knowledge of the role of FTO in breast cancer and the development of novel agents may allow for improvements in the treatment of this refractory cancer. This review therefore aims to provide an overview of existing and developing chemical inhibitors of FTO that could be innovatively studied for the treatment of TNBC and associated comorbidity.展开更多
Background and Aims: The study aims to explore the association between body composition and depression in adolescents and young adults. Methods: A random cluster sampling method was used to select 41 age-matched indi-...Background and Aims: The study aims to explore the association between body composition and depression in adolescents and young adults. Methods: A random cluster sampling method was used to select 41 age-matched indi-viduals (aged 11 - 30) as a non-depressive control group. The Department of Psychology at the Affiliated Hospital of Youjiang Medical University for Na-tionalities recruited 27 depressive patients within the same age range. Bioelec-trical impedance analysis measured body composition, while SCL-90, SAS, and SDS were employed for depression diagnosis. Logistic regression analysis was conducted to assess the relationship between body composition and de-pression scores. Results: The Depression Group exhibited higher levels of fat mass (p Conclusion: Depression is associated with age, gender, and muscle mass in adolescents and young people. Proper exercise and a healthy diet can increase muscle mass, thereby reducing fat mass and, as a result, reducing the prevalence of depression.展开更多
Background Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease （NAFLD） is a complex disorder and has been closely linked to obesity.The fat mass and obesity-associated （FTO） gene is a newly discovered gene related to obesity,which ...Background Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease （NAFLD） is a complex disorder and has been closely linked to obesity.The fat mass and obesity-associated （FTO） gene is a newly discovered gene related to obesity,which enhances oxidative stress and tipogenesis in NAFLD.The forkhead transcription factor O1 （FoxO1） is another important gene involved in NAFLD,which causes lipid disorders when insulin resistance appears in the liver.However,the interactions between FTO and FoxO1 during the pathogenesis of NAFLD have not been fully elucidated.This study was designed to identify the relationship between these two factors that are involved in the development of NAFLD.Methods This study includes two parts referred to as animal and cell experiments.Twelve female SPF C57BL/6 mice were fed a high-fat diet to serve as an NAFLD animal model.Aspartate aminotransferase （AST）,alanine aminotransferase （ALT）,total triglyceride （TG）,total cholesterol （TC）,alkaline phosphatase （ALP）,high-density lipoprotein （HDL）,and low-density lipoprotein （LDL） were measured.Immunohistochemical analysis was used to detect the expression and histological localization of FTO,FoxO1,and adenosine monophosphate （AMP）-activated protein kinase （AMPK）.The L02 cells were exposed to high fat for 24,48,or 72 hours.Oil red O staining was used to detect intracellular lipid droplets.Reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction was used for analyzing the levels of FTO and FoxO1 mRNA.Results At the end of 10 weeks,ALP,ALT,AST,and LDL were significantly increased （P ＜0.01）,while TC and TG were also significantly higher （P ＜0.05）.In addition,HDL was significantly decreased （P ＜0.05）.The FTO and FoxO1 proteins were weakly expressed in the control group,but both FTO and FoxO1 were expressed significantly higher （P ＜0.01） in the experimental group,and the expression of the two factors was significantly correlated.AMPK in the high-fat group showed a low level of correlation with FTO,but not with FoxO1.Oil Red O staining results showed that the cells cultured in 50％ fetal bovine serum for 24,48,or 72 hours exhibited steatosis.FTO and FoxO1 mRNA were increased in the high-fat group compared with the normal group （P ＜0.01）.The expression levels of FTO and FoxO1 mRNA were the highest at 48 hours （P ＜0.05）.Conclusions A high-fat diet leads to higher expression of FTO,phosphorylation of FoxO1,and decreased phosphorylation of AMPK.These results suggest that the interactions between FTO and FoxO1 are closely related to the pathogenesis of NAFLD.展开更多
BACKGROUND: It is well established that the human aging process is associated with a significant decline in neuromuscular function and performance. Twin studies demonstrate that genetic factors partially explain the i...BACKGROUND: It is well established that the human aging process is associated with a significant decline in neuromuscular function and performance. Twin studies demonstrate that genetic factors partially explain the inter-individual variation of fat-free mass (FFM) and muscle strength. PURPOSE: To examine the association between the polymorphism of the gene IGF-2 with phenotypes strength and muscle mass of elderly women pre and post resistance training. METHODS: 76 elderly women participated in this analysis. These volunteers, who should be sedentary for at least 6 months before the study, were assigned four groups in relation to allele GAGG, AA, GAAA and GG. The first analysis compared 60 elderly women with GG and GA allele (GAGG) versus 16 elderly women with AA allele. The second analysis compared 54 elderly women with GA and AA (GAAA) versus 22 elderly women GG allele. The Body mass index, fat free mass, fat mass and Isokinetic Muscle Peak Torque were measured. All volunteers were participating in the Resistance Training program. The DNA was extracted from peripheral venous blood leukocytes using a salting out protocol. The primer for IGF-II gene exon 9 was 5’-GTCCCTGAACCAGCAAAGAG-3’ 0.5 μM (0.625 μl) Primer R-5’-TGATGGAAAAGGGAGTGAGG-3’ 0.5 μM (0.625 μl), Taq DNA Polimerase enzime 0.5 U (0.1 μl), água milli-Q (3.8 μl) 5 hg de DNA (3 μl). PCR amplification was performed in a programmable thermal cycler GeneAmp? PCR System 9700. RESULTS: The results of the first analysis GAGG × AA versus the group AA showed the relative increase in knee extensor peak torque relative and also in the fat-free mass and showed a decrease in the fat mass percentage in the GAGG group. The second analysis considered the group GAAA versus group GG showed decreases in the fat-free mass percentage in the GAAA group, also showed the relative increase in the fat-free mass in the GG group and decrease in the fat mass percentage in the GG group. CONCLUSIONS: The results of this study show that 24 weeks of the resistance training improved strength and muscle mass and decreased the fat mass. The results confirm this assertion and suggest the G allele presents more influence over the A allele, in relation to phenotypes strength and muscle mass in elderly women after resistance training.展开更多
To quantify the genetic correlations between total body fat mass （TBFM） and femoral neck geometric parameters （FNGPs） and, if pos- sible, to detect the specific genomic regions shared by them, bivariate genetic an...To quantify the genetic correlations between total body fat mass （TBFM） and femoral neck geometric parameters （FNGPs） and, if pos- sible, to detect the specific genomic regions shared by them, bivariate genetic analysis and bivariate whole-genome linkage scan were carried out in a large Caucasian population. All the phenotypes studied were significantly controlled by genetic factors （P 〈 0.001） with the heritabilities ranging from 0.45 to 0.68. Significantly genetic correlations were found between TBFM and CSA （cross-section area）, W （sub-periosteal diameter）, Z （section modulus） and CT （cortical thickness） except between TBFM and BR （buckling ratio）. The peak bivariate LOD scores were 3.23 （20q12）, 2.47 （20p11）, 3.19 （6q27）, 1.68 （20p12）, and 2.47 （7q11） for the five pairs of TBFM and BR, CSA, CT, W, and Z in the entire sample, respectively. Gender-specific bivariate linkage evidences were also found for the five pairs. 6p25 had complete pleiotropic effects on the variations of TBFM ＆ Z in the female sub-population, and 6q27 and 17q11 had coincident link- ages for TBFM ＆ CSA and TBFM ＆ Z in the entire population. We identified moderate genetic correlations and several shared genomic regions between TBFM and FNGPs in a large Caucasian population.展开更多
An intramuscular injection (IMI) is an injection given directly into the central area of a specific muscle. Certain medicines need to be administered by the gluteal route for these to be effective. The aim of this stu...An intramuscular injection (IMI) is an injection given directly into the central area of a specific muscle. Certain medicines need to be administered by the gluteal route for these to be effective. The aim of this study was to determine the influence of body mass index (BMI), subcutaneous fat, and muscular thickness of the dorsogluteal IMI site among healthy Japanese women. There were 39 healthy female subjects who volunteered and met the criteria. Their ages ranged from 40s to 60s (50.82 ± 6.04). With the data collected using the B-mode ultrasound images of the dorsogluteal site, it was found that the distance from the epidermis to the under-fascia (DEUF) of the gluteus maximus was dissimilar between the subject’s right and left buttocks. It was found that the distance from the epidermis to the iliac bone (DEI) was significantly more on the right than on the left buttocks. In the case of an adult Japanese woman with a BMI of 21 or more, the DEUF of the gluteus medius was found to be about 30 mm, and the DEI was approximately 50 mm or more. Based on these findings, it is recommended that a needle length of 38 mm (1.5 inches) can be safely used to administer IMIs to the gluteus medius muscle to effectively and efficiently deliver medications through the IMI route.展开更多
Objective To assess the obesity prevalence in body mass index （BMI） and body fat percentage Saudi adults according to the international standards of （BF%）. Methods Five hundred and thirty healthy Saudi adults aged...Objective To assess the obesity prevalence in body mass index （BMI） and body fat percentage Saudi adults according to the international standards of （BF%）. Methods Five hundred and thirty healthy Saudi adults aged 18-72 years （mean 36.91＋15.22 years） were enrolled in this study. Their body composition was assessed by bioelectrical impendence analysis with a commercially available body composition analyzer. Standard BMI and BF% values were used to define obesity. Results The prevalence of underweight, normal underweight, overweight and obesity in Saudi adults according to the BMI criteria （〈18.5 kg/mz, 18.5-24.4 kg/m2, 25-29.9 kg/m2, 30 k＆/m2 and above, respectively） was 2.5%, 30.2%, 33.6%, and 33.8%, respectively, whereas the obesity prevalence was 60% （n=31g） in Saudi adults according to the BF% criteria （25% for males and 30% for females）, which was significantly higher than that according to BMI criteria. However, it was 50.6% （n=268） when the BMI cutoff point was 27.5 kg/m2, proposed by WHO for the Asian population. Kappa analysis showed that the obesity prevalence defined by BMI and BF% was higher in females than in males （k=0.530 vs k=0.418, P〈O.O001）. The sensitivity and specificity of BMI （30 kg/m2 and 27.5 kg/m2） were 54.1% and 96.7% and 76.4% and 88.2%, respectively, for obesity. A lower BMI cutoff point （26.60 kg/m2） was proposed in this study, which gave the maximum sensitivity （84.3%） and specificity （85.4%）, with a moderate kappa agreement （k=0.686）. Moreover, the obesity prevalence at this cutoff point （56.4%） was significantly higher than that recommended by WHO. Conclusion The specificity of BMI for obesity is high and its sensitivity is low in both sexes. Its sensitivity can be increased by changing BMI cutoff to a lower value. The choice of BF% reference is of great influence for the assessment of obesity prevalence according to the BMI.展开更多
Background: The lifestyle modification remains the fundamental approach for the obesity treatment. The aim of this study is to demonstrate the effect of the multimodal lifestyle intervention on the estimated visceral ...Background: The lifestyle modification remains the fundamental approach for the obesity treatment. The aim of this study is to demonstrate the effect of the multimodal lifestyle intervention on the estimated visceral fat area versus changes in musculoskeletal mass in a cohort of adult men with obesity. Subjects and Methods: A retrospective cohort study in which the file of eighty-two male subjects, aged 20 - 60 years, was studied for three months. Patients had been instructed to follow a balanced-hypocaloric diet, physical activity plan and general advice for combating the unhealthy lifestyle habits through the study period. Those who succeeded to loss > 5% of their body weight were classified as weight loser (WL) group, while others as weight resistant (WR) group. The results of In Body-720 bioelectric impedance analysis were used to report the fat mass (FM), visceral fat area (VFA), skeletal muscle mass (SMM), SMM/VFA ratio, osseous mass (OM), and basal metabolic rate (BMR) before and after the study period. Anthropometric measures, glucose, and lipid profile were also analyzed. Paired t-test was used to detect the significance of change between before and after measures, independent sample t-test was used to compare WL vs. WR groups. Results: There were significant decreases in weight, FM (p 0.05) and VFA (p 0.001), in addition to a significant rise of SMM/VFA ratio (p 0.05), together with insignificant changes of osseous mass, SMM and BMR after 3 months. Additionally, total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein, and triglycerides were significantly reduced (P 0.05). The percentages of reduction in weight, FM and VFA in WL vs. WR groups were highly significant (p 0.001), while the percentages of change in SMM, SMM/VFA ratio and BMR were significant (p 0.05). Conclusion: Lifestyle modification might be effective in production of positive changes in the body composition of patients with obesity. These changes were more significant in weight losers.展开更多
Background: Obesity is a risk factor for cardiovascular disease and mortality. Significant weight loss has beneficial effects on left ventricular structure, in particular on regression of left ventricular hypertrophy ...Background: Obesity is a risk factor for cardiovascular disease and mortality. Significant weight loss has beneficial effects on left ventricular structure, in particular on regression of left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH). We therefore evaluated the consequences of significant weight loss on left ventricular morphology, hemodynamics and pericardial fat. Methods: We performed volumetric cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) imaging before and after significant weight loss due to laparoscopic adjustable gastric banding (LAGB). CMR was used to measure cardiac mass, volume and function, as well as to quantify pericardial fat. Results: Eleven patients (age 40.5 ± 10 yrs, body mass index 42.5 ± 3.9 kg/m2) underwent CMR imaging before and a median 15.4 months after gastric banding. The BMI declined by 9.3 ± 3.3 kg/m2 (p Discussion: Significant weight loss in obesity is accompanied by a marked regression of LVH, with no apparent change in cardiac volume or function. The local effect of a diminished amount of pericardiac fat tissue may be more important than absolute weight loss with respect to the regression of LVH in obesity.展开更多
Body Mass Index (BMI) and Percentage Body Fat (%BF) values have been determined in cancer patients. In the study, 83 adult cancer patients were assessed of which 15 (18.1%) were males and 68 (81.9%) females. Body weig...Body Mass Index (BMI) and Percentage Body Fat (%BF) values have been determined in cancer patients. In the study, 83 adult cancer patients were assessed of which 15 (18.1%) were males and 68 (81.9%) females. Body weight and height of individual patients were used in calculating their respective BMI values. The respective %BF values were determined taking into consideration of the age, gender and BMI. Maximum values of BMI (34.71 kg/m2) and %BF (46.37%) were obtained, for which they were females and the minimum values of BMI (12.08 kg/m2) and %BF (12.35%) respectively. The patient with the minimum %BF value was male and that of BMI was female. It was observed from the results that females have higher values of both BMI and %BF than their male counterparts. The study reveals higher rate of female cancer incidence than males.展开更多
背景身体成分是体内各种成分的含量,其与儿童血压的关联存在争议。目的探讨身体成分与儿童血压的关联性。设计系统综述/Meta分析。方法计算机检索中国生物医学数据库、维普中文科技期刊数据库、中国知网期刊数据库、万方数据在线知识服...背景身体成分是体内各种成分的含量,其与儿童血压的关联存在争议。目的探讨身体成分与儿童血压的关联性。设计系统综述/Meta分析。方法计算机检索中国生物医学数据库、维普中文科技期刊数据库、中国知网期刊数据库、万方数据在线知识服务平台4个中文数据库和PubMed、Web of Science和EBSCO 4个外文数据库,检索起止时间均为各数据库建库至2023年8月8日。纳入身体成分与儿童血压关系的队列研究。由2名研究者独立筛选文献、提取资料并评价纳入研究的偏倚风险后,对结果进行定量和定性归纳总结。主要结局指标身体成分与儿童高血压的相关性。结果共纳入9项身体成分与儿童舒张压和收缩压的纵向队列研究,其中7个队列报告了脂肪质量相关指标与儿童舒张压和收缩压的相关性,儿童期脂肪质量百分比与儿童舒张压和收缩压呈正相关,其他脂肪质量指标研究结论仍不一致。2个队列报告了非脂肪质量指标与儿童血压的相关性,研究结论不统一。3个队列报告了脂肪质量与儿童期血压偏高和高血压的发生呈正相关,但新生儿脂肪质量与6岁时高血压的风险可能为负相关。结论儿童期脂肪质量百分比与儿童舒张压和收缩压呈正相关,身体成分对儿童血压有一定影响。展开更多
Obesity is included in the definition of metabolic syndrome. However, there are many controversies surrounding the evaluation of obesity such as body mass index (BMI) and waist circumference (WC) in the definition of ...Obesity is included in the definition of metabolic syndrome. However, there are many controversies surrounding the evaluation of obesity such as body mass index (BMI) and waist circumference (WC) in the definition of metabolic syndrome among various populations. To understand precisely how various anthropometric indices of obesity influence metabolic parameters, we studied the correlations of BMI, WC (Japanese criteria), WC (IDF criteria), visceral fat area (VFA), subcutaneous fat area (SFA) and the VFA/SFA ratio with metabolic parameters in patients with type 2 diabetes. The influences of BMI and WC on diastolic blood pressure and HDL-cholesterol were larger than VFA, whereas the influences of visceral fat area on triglyceride, very low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol, C-peptide and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein were larger than BMI and WC. WC (IDF) was the strongest determinant of adiponectin among anthropometric indices. Present study showed significant different associations of BMI, Japan- and IDF-defined WC, VFA, SFA and the VFA/SFA ratio with blood pressure, glucose and lipid metabolism, and adipocytokines in Japanese patients with type 2 diabetes.展开更多
Purpose:This meta-analytical study aimed to explore the effects of resistance training(RT) volume on body adiposity,metabolic risk,and inflammation in postmenopausal and older females.Methods:A systematic search was p...Purpose:This meta-analytical study aimed to explore the effects of resistance training(RT) volume on body adiposity,metabolic risk,and inflammation in postmenopausal and older females.Methods:A systematic search was performed for randomized controlled trials in PubMed,Scopus,Web of Science,and SciELO.Randomized controlled trials with postmenopausal and older females that compared RT effects on body adiposity,metabolic risk,and inflammation with a control group(CG) were included.Independent reviewers selected the studies,extracted the data,and performed the risk of bias and certainty of the evidence(Grading of Recommendations,Assessment,Development,and Evaluation(GRADE)) evaluations.Total body and abdominal adiposity,blood lipids,glucose,and C-reactive protein were included for meta-analysis.A random-effects model,standardized mean difference(Hedges’ g),and 95% confidence interval(95%CI) were used for meta-analysis.Results:Twenty randomized controlled trials(overall risk of bias:some concerns;GRADE:low to very low) with overweight/obese postmenopausal and older females were included.RT groups were divided into low-volume RT(LVRT,~44 sets/week) and high-volume RT(HVRT,~77 sets/week).Both RT groups presented improved body adiposity,metabolic risk,and inflammation when compared to CG.However,HVRT demonstrated higher effect sizes than LVRT for glucose(HVRT=-1.19;95%CI:-1.63 to-0.74;LVRT=-0.78;95%CI:-1.15 to-0.41) and C-reactive protein(HVRT=-1.00;95%CI:-1.32 to-0.67;LVRT=-0.34;95%CI,-0.63 to-0.04)) when compared to CG.Conclusion:Compared to CG,HVRT protocols elicit greater improvements in metabolic risk and inflammation outcomes than LVRT in overweight/obese postmenopausal and older females.展开更多
BACKGROUND Through experimental research on the biological function of GATA6-AS1,it was confirmed that GATA6-AS1 can inhibit the proliferation,invasion,and migration of gastric cancer cells,suggesting that GATA6-AS1 p...BACKGROUND Through experimental research on the biological function of GATA6-AS1,it was confirmed that GATA6-AS1 can inhibit the proliferation,invasion,and migration of gastric cancer cells,suggesting that GATA6-AS1 plays a role as an anti-oncogene in the occurrence and development of gastric cancer.Further experi-ments confirmed that the overexpression of fat mass and obesity-associated protein(FTO)inhibited the expression of GATA6-AS1,thereby promoting the occurrence and development of gastric cancer.AIM To investigate the effects of GATA6-AS1 on the proliferation,invasion and migration of gastric cancer cells and its mechanism of action.METHODS We used bioinformatics methods to analyze the Cancer Genome Atlas(https://portal.gdc.cancer.gov/.The Cancer Genome Atlas)and download expression data for GATA6-AS1 in gastric cancer tissue and normal tissue.We also constructed a GATA6-AS1 lentivirus overexpression vector which was transfected into gastric cancer cells to investigate its effects on proliferation,migration and invasion,and thereby clarify the expression of GATA6-AS1 in gastric cancer and its biological role in the genesis and development of gastric cancer.Next,we used a database(http://starbase.sysu.edu.cn/starbase2/)to analysis GATA6-AS1 whether by m6A methylation modify regulation and predict the methyltransferases that may methylate GATA6-AS1.Furthermore,RNA immunoprecipitation experiments confirmed that GATA6-AS1 was able to bind to the m6A methylation modification enzyme.These data allowed us to clarify the ability of m6A methylase to influence the action of GATA6-AS1 and its role in the occurrence and development of gastric cancer.RESULTS Low expression levels of GATA6-AS1 were detected in gastric cancer.We also determined the effects of GATA6-AS1 overexpression on the biological function of gastric cancer cells.GATA6-AS1 had strong binding ability with the m6A demethylase FTO,which was expressed at high levels in gastric cancer and negatively correlated with the expression of GATA6-AS1.Following transfection with siRNA to knock down the expression of FTO,the expression levels of GATA6-AS1 were up-regulated.Finally,the proliferation,migration and invasion of gastric cancer cells were all inhibited following the knockdown of FTO expression.CONCLUSION During the occurrence and development of gastric cancer,the overexpression of FTO may inhibit the expression of GATA6-AS1,thus promoting the proliferation and metastasis of gastric cancer.展开更多
目的评估自动化磁珠法提取血清脂溶性维生素应用液相色谱串联质谱法(liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry,LC-MS/MS)检测的性能。方法收集200例临床剩余血清样本,采用自动化磁珠法提取血清中脂溶性维生素A,D_(2),D_(3),E和K...目的评估自动化磁珠法提取血清脂溶性维生素应用液相色谱串联质谱法(liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry,LC-MS/MS)检测的性能。方法收集200例临床剩余血清样本,采用自动化磁珠法提取血清中脂溶性维生素A,D_(2),D_(3),E和K;同时联合LC-MS/MS检测脂溶性维生素A,D_(2),D_(3),E和K的线性、定量限、精密度、正确度、携带污染率等性能指标以及基质效应。并比较此方法与传统萃取法检测结果的一致性。结果自动化磁珠法提取脂溶性维生素A,D_(2),D_(3),E和K线性相关系数均>0.99;五种物质的定量限分别为5,0.25,0.25,125和0.025ng/ml;批内精密度和批间精密度分别为0.66%~4.83%,0.15%~3.70%;平均加标回收率为87.05%~111.11%;基质效应为95.43%~99.07%;高-低值样本循环进样结果均值与低-低值样本循环进样结果均值之差,均小于低-低值样本循环进样结果均值的3s;统计学结果显示自动化磁珠法和传统萃取法提取的脂溶性维生素结果相关性良好(r>0.99),两种方法的检测结果无显著偏倚。结论自动化磁珠法提取脂溶性维生素的检测性能良好,有望提高样品通量和分析效率。展开更多
目的:探究江苏省部分地区不同性别成年人脂肪质量随年龄增长的变化情况以及不同年龄段人群体质量指数(body fat index,BMI)和脂肪质量之间的关系。方法:收集2019年9月至2021年2月江苏省南京市、淮安市以及无锡市的体检人群数据,对符合...目的:探究江苏省部分地区不同性别成年人脂肪质量随年龄增长的变化情况以及不同年龄段人群体质量指数(body fat index,BMI)和脂肪质量之间的关系。方法:收集2019年9月至2021年2月江苏省南京市、淮安市以及无锡市的体检人群数据,对符合纳入标准人群进行体格检查和体成分检测,并分析其脂肪质量随年龄变化情况。结果:共收集2115名志愿者的基本信息,排除信息不全者46名,共纳入2069名进行研究分析。30岁以上成年人去脂体质量(fat free mass,FFM)随着年龄的增长呈现下降的趋势;30岁以上成年人的体脂肪量(body fat mass,BFM)、体脂百分比(percentage of body fat,PBF)、腰臀比(waist-hip ratio,WHR)和体脂指数(fat mass index,FMI)随着年龄的增长均呈现上升趋势,BFM、PBF和去脂体质量百分比(percentage of fat free mass,PFFM)在40岁出现显著上升,FFM和去脂体质量指数(fat free mass index,FFMI)在60岁开始出现显著下降。男性FMI在40岁出现显著上升,女性FMI从60岁出现显著上升。全年龄段成年人FFM随着BMI和腰围水平的升高呈上升趋势。结论:随着年龄的增长男性和女性的BFM、PBF和WHR均呈现上升趋势。各年龄段成年男性FFM显著高于女性,女性BFM、FMI、PBF和内脏脂肪面积显著高于男性。全年龄段成年人FFM随着BMI和WHR升高呈上升趋势。展开更多
文摘Breast cancer is one of the most commonly diagnosed cancers and one of the most significant sources of cancer mortality. Triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) is a particularly aggressive subtype that has proven difficult to treat with standard chemotherapies. Obesity has also been shown to exacerbate breast cancer, and diagnoses of these two diseases frequently overlap. Both conditions are regulated in part by the fat mass and obesity-associated (FTO) demethylase, an RNA demethylase which may drive breast cancers through epigenetic alterations to gene expression. Methods of inhibiting FTO have been researched in vitro and in vivo as an alternative or adjunct to chemotherapies in multiple cancers, including breast cancer. Translating knowledge of the role of FTO in breast cancer and the development of novel agents may allow for improvements in the treatment of this refractory cancer. This review therefore aims to provide an overview of existing and developing chemical inhibitors of FTO that could be innovatively studied for the treatment of TNBC and associated comorbidity.
文摘Background and Aims: The study aims to explore the association between body composition and depression in adolescents and young adults. Methods: A random cluster sampling method was used to select 41 age-matched indi-viduals (aged 11 - 30) as a non-depressive control group. The Department of Psychology at the Affiliated Hospital of Youjiang Medical University for Na-tionalities recruited 27 depressive patients within the same age range. Bioelec-trical impedance analysis measured body composition, while SCL-90, SAS, and SDS were employed for depression diagnosis. Logistic regression analysis was conducted to assess the relationship between body composition and de-pression scores. Results: The Depression Group exhibited higher levels of fat mass (p Conclusion: Depression is associated with age, gender, and muscle mass in adolescents and young people. Proper exercise and a healthy diet can increase muscle mass, thereby reducing fat mass and, as a result, reducing the prevalence of depression.
文摘Background Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease （NAFLD） is a complex disorder and has been closely linked to obesity.The fat mass and obesity-associated （FTO） gene is a newly discovered gene related to obesity,which enhances oxidative stress and tipogenesis in NAFLD.The forkhead transcription factor O1 （FoxO1） is another important gene involved in NAFLD,which causes lipid disorders when insulin resistance appears in the liver.However,the interactions between FTO and FoxO1 during the pathogenesis of NAFLD have not been fully elucidated.This study was designed to identify the relationship between these two factors that are involved in the development of NAFLD.Methods This study includes two parts referred to as animal and cell experiments.Twelve female SPF C57BL/6 mice were fed a high-fat diet to serve as an NAFLD animal model.Aspartate aminotransferase （AST）,alanine aminotransferase （ALT）,total triglyceride （TG）,total cholesterol （TC）,alkaline phosphatase （ALP）,high-density lipoprotein （HDL）,and low-density lipoprotein （LDL） were measured.Immunohistochemical analysis was used to detect the expression and histological localization of FTO,FoxO1,and adenosine monophosphate （AMP）-activated protein kinase （AMPK）.The L02 cells were exposed to high fat for 24,48,or 72 hours.Oil red O staining was used to detect intracellular lipid droplets.Reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction was used for analyzing the levels of FTO and FoxO1 mRNA.Results At the end of 10 weeks,ALP,ALT,AST,and LDL were significantly increased （P ＜0.01）,while TC and TG were also significantly higher （P ＜0.05）.In addition,HDL was significantly decreased （P ＜0.05）.The FTO and FoxO1 proteins were weakly expressed in the control group,but both FTO and FoxO1 were expressed significantly higher （P ＜0.01） in the experimental group,and the expression of the two factors was significantly correlated.AMPK in the high-fat group showed a low level of correlation with FTO,but not with FoxO1.Oil Red O staining results showed that the cells cultured in 50％ fetal bovine serum for 24,48,or 72 hours exhibited steatosis.FTO and FoxO1 mRNA were increased in the high-fat group compared with the normal group （P ＜0.01）.The expression levels of FTO and FoxO1 mRNA were the highest at 48 hours （P ＜0.05）.Conclusions A high-fat diet leads to higher expression of FTO,phosphorylation of FoxO1,and decreased phosphorylation of AMPK.These results suggest that the interactions between FTO and FoxO1 are closely related to the pathogenesis of NAFLD.
基金National Council for Scientific and Technological Development (CNPq)Catholic University
文摘BACKGROUND: It is well established that the human aging process is associated with a significant decline in neuromuscular function and performance. Twin studies demonstrate that genetic factors partially explain the inter-individual variation of fat-free mass (FFM) and muscle strength. PURPOSE: To examine the association between the polymorphism of the gene IGF-2 with phenotypes strength and muscle mass of elderly women pre and post resistance training. METHODS: 76 elderly women participated in this analysis. These volunteers, who should be sedentary for at least 6 months before the study, were assigned four groups in relation to allele GAGG, AA, GAAA and GG. The first analysis compared 60 elderly women with GG and GA allele (GAGG) versus 16 elderly women with AA allele. The second analysis compared 54 elderly women with GA and AA (GAAA) versus 22 elderly women GG allele. The Body mass index, fat free mass, fat mass and Isokinetic Muscle Peak Torque were measured. All volunteers were participating in the Resistance Training program. The DNA was extracted from peripheral venous blood leukocytes using a salting out protocol. The primer for IGF-II gene exon 9 was 5’-GTCCCTGAACCAGCAAAGAG-3’ 0.5 μM (0.625 μl) Primer R-5’-TGATGGAAAAGGGAGTGAGG-3’ 0.5 μM (0.625 μl), Taq DNA Polimerase enzime 0.5 U (0.1 μl), água milli-Q (3.8 μl) 5 hg de DNA (3 μl). PCR amplification was performed in a programmable thermal cycler GeneAmp? PCR System 9700. RESULTS: The results of the first analysis GAGG × AA versus the group AA showed the relative increase in knee extensor peak torque relative and also in the fat-free mass and showed a decrease in the fat mass percentage in the GAGG group. The second analysis considered the group GAAA versus group GG showed decreases in the fat-free mass percentage in the GAAA group, also showed the relative increase in the fat-free mass in the GG group and decrease in the fat mass percentage in the GG group. CONCLUSIONS: The results of this study show that 24 weeks of the resistance training improved strength and muscle mass and decreased the fat mass. The results confirm this assertion and suggest the G allele presents more influence over the A allele, in relation to phenotypes strength and muscle mass in elderly women after resistance training.
基金supported by grants from NIH in USA (No. K01 AR02170-01, R01 AR45349-01, R01 GM60402-01 A1, R01 AG026564-01A2, and R21 AG027110-01A1)the Natural Science Foundation o China (NSFC) (No. 30600364)The genotyping experiment was performed by Marshfield Center for Medical Genetics and supported by NHLB Mammalian Genotyping Service (Contract No. HV48141)
文摘To quantify the genetic correlations between total body fat mass （TBFM） and femoral neck geometric parameters （FNGPs） and, if pos- sible, to detect the specific genomic regions shared by them, bivariate genetic analysis and bivariate whole-genome linkage scan were carried out in a large Caucasian population. All the phenotypes studied were significantly controlled by genetic factors （P 〈 0.001） with the heritabilities ranging from 0.45 to 0.68. Significantly genetic correlations were found between TBFM and CSA （cross-section area）, W （sub-periosteal diameter）, Z （section modulus） and CT （cortical thickness） except between TBFM and BR （buckling ratio）. The peak bivariate LOD scores were 3.23 （20q12）, 2.47 （20p11）, 3.19 （6q27）, 1.68 （20p12）, and 2.47 （7q11） for the five pairs of TBFM and BR, CSA, CT, W, and Z in the entire sample, respectively. Gender-specific bivariate linkage evidences were also found for the five pairs. 6p25 had complete pleiotropic effects on the variations of TBFM ＆ Z in the female sub-population, and 6q27 and 17q11 had coincident link- ages for TBFM ＆ CSA and TBFM ＆ Z in the entire population. We identified moderate genetic correlations and several shared genomic regions between TBFM and FNGPs in a large Caucasian population.
文摘An intramuscular injection (IMI) is an injection given directly into the central area of a specific muscle. Certain medicines need to be administered by the gluteal route for these to be effective. The aim of this study was to determine the influence of body mass index (BMI), subcutaneous fat, and muscular thickness of the dorsogluteal IMI site among healthy Japanese women. There were 39 healthy female subjects who volunteered and met the criteria. Their ages ranged from 40s to 60s (50.82 ± 6.04). With the data collected using the B-mode ultrasound images of the dorsogluteal site, it was found that the distance from the epidermis to the under-fascia (DEUF) of the gluteus maximus was dissimilar between the subject’s right and left buttocks. It was found that the distance from the epidermis to the iliac bone (DEI) was significantly more on the right than on the left buttocks. In the case of an adult Japanese woman with a BMI of 21 or more, the DEUF of the gluteus medius was found to be about 30 mm, and the DEI was approximately 50 mm or more. Based on these findings, it is recommended that a needle length of 38 mm (1.5 inches) can be safely used to administer IMIs to the gluteus medius muscle to effectively and efficiently deliver medications through the IMI route.
文摘Objective To assess the obesity prevalence in body mass index （BMI） and body fat percentage Saudi adults according to the international standards of （BF%）. Methods Five hundred and thirty healthy Saudi adults aged 18-72 years （mean 36.91＋15.22 years） were enrolled in this study. Their body composition was assessed by bioelectrical impendence analysis with a commercially available body composition analyzer. Standard BMI and BF% values were used to define obesity. Results The prevalence of underweight, normal underweight, overweight and obesity in Saudi adults according to the BMI criteria （〈18.5 kg/mz, 18.5-24.4 kg/m2, 25-29.9 kg/m2, 30 k＆/m2 and above, respectively） was 2.5%, 30.2%, 33.6%, and 33.8%, respectively, whereas the obesity prevalence was 60% （n=31g） in Saudi adults according to the BF% criteria （25% for males and 30% for females）, which was significantly higher than that according to BMI criteria. However, it was 50.6% （n=268） when the BMI cutoff point was 27.5 kg/m2, proposed by WHO for the Asian population. Kappa analysis showed that the obesity prevalence defined by BMI and BF% was higher in females than in males （k=0.530 vs k=0.418, P〈O.O001）. The sensitivity and specificity of BMI （30 kg/m2 and 27.5 kg/m2） were 54.1% and 96.7% and 76.4% and 88.2%, respectively, for obesity. A lower BMI cutoff point （26.60 kg/m2） was proposed in this study, which gave the maximum sensitivity （84.3%） and specificity （85.4%）, with a moderate kappa agreement （k=0.686）. Moreover, the obesity prevalence at this cutoff point （56.4%） was significantly higher than that recommended by WHO. Conclusion The specificity of BMI for obesity is high and its sensitivity is low in both sexes. Its sensitivity can be increased by changing BMI cutoff to a lower value. The choice of BF% reference is of great influence for the assessment of obesity prevalence according to the BMI.
文摘Background: The lifestyle modification remains the fundamental approach for the obesity treatment. The aim of this study is to demonstrate the effect of the multimodal lifestyle intervention on the estimated visceral fat area versus changes in musculoskeletal mass in a cohort of adult men with obesity. Subjects and Methods: A retrospective cohort study in which the file of eighty-two male subjects, aged 20 - 60 years, was studied for three months. Patients had been instructed to follow a balanced-hypocaloric diet, physical activity plan and general advice for combating the unhealthy lifestyle habits through the study period. Those who succeeded to loss > 5% of their body weight were classified as weight loser (WL) group, while others as weight resistant (WR) group. The results of In Body-720 bioelectric impedance analysis were used to report the fat mass (FM), visceral fat area (VFA), skeletal muscle mass (SMM), SMM/VFA ratio, osseous mass (OM), and basal metabolic rate (BMR) before and after the study period. Anthropometric measures, glucose, and lipid profile were also analyzed. Paired t-test was used to detect the significance of change between before and after measures, independent sample t-test was used to compare WL vs. WR groups. Results: There were significant decreases in weight, FM (p 0.05) and VFA (p 0.001), in addition to a significant rise of SMM/VFA ratio (p 0.05), together with insignificant changes of osseous mass, SMM and BMR after 3 months. Additionally, total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein, and triglycerides were significantly reduced (P 0.05). The percentages of reduction in weight, FM and VFA in WL vs. WR groups were highly significant (p 0.001), while the percentages of change in SMM, SMM/VFA ratio and BMR were significant (p 0.05). Conclusion: Lifestyle modification might be effective in production of positive changes in the body composition of patients with obesity. These changes were more significant in weight losers.
文摘Background: Obesity is a risk factor for cardiovascular disease and mortality. Significant weight loss has beneficial effects on left ventricular structure, in particular on regression of left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH). We therefore evaluated the consequences of significant weight loss on left ventricular morphology, hemodynamics and pericardial fat. Methods: We performed volumetric cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) imaging before and after significant weight loss due to laparoscopic adjustable gastric banding (LAGB). CMR was used to measure cardiac mass, volume and function, as well as to quantify pericardial fat. Results: Eleven patients (age 40.5 ± 10 yrs, body mass index 42.5 ± 3.9 kg/m2) underwent CMR imaging before and a median 15.4 months after gastric banding. The BMI declined by 9.3 ± 3.3 kg/m2 (p Discussion: Significant weight loss in obesity is accompanied by a marked regression of LVH, with no apparent change in cardiac volume or function. The local effect of a diminished amount of pericardiac fat tissue may be more important than absolute weight loss with respect to the regression of LVH in obesity.
文摘Body Mass Index (BMI) and Percentage Body Fat (%BF) values have been determined in cancer patients. In the study, 83 adult cancer patients were assessed of which 15 (18.1%) were males and 68 (81.9%) females. Body weight and height of individual patients were used in calculating their respective BMI values. The respective %BF values were determined taking into consideration of the age, gender and BMI. Maximum values of BMI (34.71 kg/m2) and %BF (46.37%) were obtained, for which they were females and the minimum values of BMI (12.08 kg/m2) and %BF (12.35%) respectively. The patient with the minimum %BF value was male and that of BMI was female. It was observed from the results that females have higher values of both BMI and %BF than their male counterparts. The study reveals higher rate of female cancer incidence than males.
文摘背景身体成分是体内各种成分的含量,其与儿童血压的关联存在争议。目的探讨身体成分与儿童血压的关联性。设计系统综述/Meta分析。方法计算机检索中国生物医学数据库、维普中文科技期刊数据库、中国知网期刊数据库、万方数据在线知识服务平台4个中文数据库和PubMed、Web of Science和EBSCO 4个外文数据库,检索起止时间均为各数据库建库至2023年8月8日。纳入身体成分与儿童血压关系的队列研究。由2名研究者独立筛选文献、提取资料并评价纳入研究的偏倚风险后,对结果进行定量和定性归纳总结。主要结局指标身体成分与儿童高血压的相关性。结果共纳入9项身体成分与儿童舒张压和收缩压的纵向队列研究,其中7个队列报告了脂肪质量相关指标与儿童舒张压和收缩压的相关性,儿童期脂肪质量百分比与儿童舒张压和收缩压呈正相关,其他脂肪质量指标研究结论仍不一致。2个队列报告了非脂肪质量指标与儿童血压的相关性,研究结论不统一。3个队列报告了脂肪质量与儿童期血压偏高和高血压的发生呈正相关,但新生儿脂肪质量与6岁时高血压的风险可能为负相关。结论儿童期脂肪质量百分比与儿童舒张压和收缩压呈正相关,身体成分对儿童血压有一定影响。
文摘Obesity is included in the definition of metabolic syndrome. However, there are many controversies surrounding the evaluation of obesity such as body mass index (BMI) and waist circumference (WC) in the definition of metabolic syndrome among various populations. To understand precisely how various anthropometric indices of obesity influence metabolic parameters, we studied the correlations of BMI, WC (Japanese criteria), WC (IDF criteria), visceral fat area (VFA), subcutaneous fat area (SFA) and the VFA/SFA ratio with metabolic parameters in patients with type 2 diabetes. The influences of BMI and WC on diastolic blood pressure and HDL-cholesterol were larger than VFA, whereas the influences of visceral fat area on triglyceride, very low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol, C-peptide and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein were larger than BMI and WC. WC (IDF) was the strongest determinant of adiponectin among anthropometric indices. Present study showed significant different associations of BMI, Japan- and IDF-defined WC, VFA, SFA and the VFA/SFA ratio with blood pressure, glucose and lipid metabolism, and adipocytokines in Japanese patients with type 2 diabetes.
基金supported by the Minas Gerais State University (UEMG/Brazil)a Research Productivity Scholarship Program (UEMG-PQ08/2021)+1 种基金a doctorate scholarship from the National Council of Technological and Scientific Development (CNPq/Brazil-Process140473/2020-3)a doctorate scholarship fromthe Coordination of Improvement of Higher Education Personnel (CAPES/Brazil-Code 001)。
文摘Purpose:This meta-analytical study aimed to explore the effects of resistance training(RT) volume on body adiposity,metabolic risk,and inflammation in postmenopausal and older females.Methods:A systematic search was performed for randomized controlled trials in PubMed,Scopus,Web of Science,and SciELO.Randomized controlled trials with postmenopausal and older females that compared RT effects on body adiposity,metabolic risk,and inflammation with a control group(CG) were included.Independent reviewers selected the studies,extracted the data,and performed the risk of bias and certainty of the evidence(Grading of Recommendations,Assessment,Development,and Evaluation(GRADE)) evaluations.Total body and abdominal adiposity,blood lipids,glucose,and C-reactive protein were included for meta-analysis.A random-effects model,standardized mean difference(Hedges’ g),and 95% confidence interval(95%CI) were used for meta-analysis.Results:Twenty randomized controlled trials(overall risk of bias:some concerns;GRADE:low to very low) with overweight/obese postmenopausal and older females were included.RT groups were divided into low-volume RT(LVRT,~44 sets/week) and high-volume RT(HVRT,~77 sets/week).Both RT groups presented improved body adiposity,metabolic risk,and inflammation when compared to CG.However,HVRT demonstrated higher effect sizes than LVRT for glucose(HVRT=-1.19;95%CI:-1.63 to-0.74;LVRT=-0.78;95%CI:-1.15 to-0.41) and C-reactive protein(HVRT=-1.00;95%CI:-1.32 to-0.67;LVRT=-0.34;95%CI,-0.63 to-0.04)) when compared to CG.Conclusion:Compared to CG,HVRT protocols elicit greater improvements in metabolic risk and inflammation outcomes than LVRT in overweight/obese postmenopausal and older females.
基金Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province,No.ZR2020MH207 and No.ZR2020MH251.
文摘BACKGROUND Through experimental research on the biological function of GATA6-AS1,it was confirmed that GATA6-AS1 can inhibit the proliferation,invasion,and migration of gastric cancer cells,suggesting that GATA6-AS1 plays a role as an anti-oncogene in the occurrence and development of gastric cancer.Further experi-ments confirmed that the overexpression of fat mass and obesity-associated protein(FTO)inhibited the expression of GATA6-AS1,thereby promoting the occurrence and development of gastric cancer.AIM To investigate the effects of GATA6-AS1 on the proliferation,invasion and migration of gastric cancer cells and its mechanism of action.METHODS We used bioinformatics methods to analyze the Cancer Genome Atlas(https://portal.gdc.cancer.gov/.The Cancer Genome Atlas)and download expression data for GATA6-AS1 in gastric cancer tissue and normal tissue.We also constructed a GATA6-AS1 lentivirus overexpression vector which was transfected into gastric cancer cells to investigate its effects on proliferation,migration and invasion,and thereby clarify the expression of GATA6-AS1 in gastric cancer and its biological role in the genesis and development of gastric cancer.Next,we used a database(http://starbase.sysu.edu.cn/starbase2/)to analysis GATA6-AS1 whether by m6A methylation modify regulation and predict the methyltransferases that may methylate GATA6-AS1.Furthermore,RNA immunoprecipitation experiments confirmed that GATA6-AS1 was able to bind to the m6A methylation modification enzyme.These data allowed us to clarify the ability of m6A methylase to influence the action of GATA6-AS1 and its role in the occurrence and development of gastric cancer.RESULTS Low expression levels of GATA6-AS1 were detected in gastric cancer.We also determined the effects of GATA6-AS1 overexpression on the biological function of gastric cancer cells.GATA6-AS1 had strong binding ability with the m6A demethylase FTO,which was expressed at high levels in gastric cancer and negatively correlated with the expression of GATA6-AS1.Following transfection with siRNA to knock down the expression of FTO,the expression levels of GATA6-AS1 were up-regulated.Finally,the proliferation,migration and invasion of gastric cancer cells were all inhibited following the knockdown of FTO expression.CONCLUSION During the occurrence and development of gastric cancer,the overexpression of FTO may inhibit the expression of GATA6-AS1,thus promoting the proliferation and metastasis of gastric cancer.
文摘目的评估自动化磁珠法提取血清脂溶性维生素应用液相色谱串联质谱法(liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry,LC-MS/MS)检测的性能。方法收集200例临床剩余血清样本,采用自动化磁珠法提取血清中脂溶性维生素A,D_(2),D_(3),E和K;同时联合LC-MS/MS检测脂溶性维生素A,D_(2),D_(3),E和K的线性、定量限、精密度、正确度、携带污染率等性能指标以及基质效应。并比较此方法与传统萃取法检测结果的一致性。结果自动化磁珠法提取脂溶性维生素A,D_(2),D_(3),E和K线性相关系数均>0.99;五种物质的定量限分别为5,0.25,0.25,125和0.025ng/ml;批内精密度和批间精密度分别为0.66%~4.83%,0.15%~3.70%;平均加标回收率为87.05%~111.11%;基质效应为95.43%~99.07%;高-低值样本循环进样结果均值与低-低值样本循环进样结果均值之差,均小于低-低值样本循环进样结果均值的3s;统计学结果显示自动化磁珠法和传统萃取法提取的脂溶性维生素结果相关性良好(r>0.99),两种方法的检测结果无显著偏倚。结论自动化磁珠法提取脂溶性维生素的检测性能良好,有望提高样品通量和分析效率。
文摘目的:探究江苏省部分地区不同性别成年人脂肪质量随年龄增长的变化情况以及不同年龄段人群体质量指数(body fat index,BMI)和脂肪质量之间的关系。方法:收集2019年9月至2021年2月江苏省南京市、淮安市以及无锡市的体检人群数据,对符合纳入标准人群进行体格检查和体成分检测,并分析其脂肪质量随年龄变化情况。结果:共收集2115名志愿者的基本信息,排除信息不全者46名,共纳入2069名进行研究分析。30岁以上成年人去脂体质量(fat free mass,FFM)随着年龄的增长呈现下降的趋势;30岁以上成年人的体脂肪量(body fat mass,BFM)、体脂百分比(percentage of body fat,PBF)、腰臀比(waist-hip ratio,WHR)和体脂指数(fat mass index,FMI)随着年龄的增长均呈现上升趋势,BFM、PBF和去脂体质量百分比(percentage of fat free mass,PFFM)在40岁出现显著上升,FFM和去脂体质量指数(fat free mass index,FFMI)在60岁开始出现显著下降。男性FMI在40岁出现显著上升,女性FMI从60岁出现显著上升。全年龄段成年人FFM随着BMI和腰围水平的升高呈上升趋势。结论:随着年龄的增长男性和女性的BFM、PBF和WHR均呈现上升趋势。各年龄段成年男性FFM显著高于女性,女性BFM、FMI、PBF和内脏脂肪面积显著高于男性。全年龄段成年人FFM随着BMI和WHR升高呈上升趋势。
