Carbon black (CB) or multi walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNT) loaded polyurethane conductive foams are used as heaters, electrodes, radar absorbers and shielding. This paper discusses the performance of an innovative fle...Carbon black (CB) or multi walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNT) loaded polyurethane conductive foams are used as heaters, electrodes, radar absorbers and shielding. This paper discusses the performance of an innovative flexible thermal radiator (FTR) constructed with CB filled or MWCNT filled conductive foam and powering electrode structure constructed with textiles manufacturing process (knitting, weaving or nonwoven). Silver (Ag) yarns are used for the powering electrodes construction. This paper discusses the construction, electro-thermal analysis, performance and applications of FTR. Also this paper compare the thermal and electrical characteristics of CB filled and MWCNT filled FTRs. The electro-thermal model is simulated by using finite element methods.展开更多
In previous years, several high-power micro-satellites below ~100 kg have been developed for high-functional spacecraft. This paper proposes a functional and high-power thermal control system with no power supply and ...In previous years, several high-power micro-satellites below ~100 kg have been developed for high-functional spacecraft. This paper proposes a functional and high-power thermal control system with no power supply and a simple configuration for micro-satellite: 100 W, 3 U. The proposed system consists of a heat storage panel (HSP) with pitch type CFRP (Carbon Fiber Reinforced Polymer), a micro loop heat pipe (m-LHP) and a flexible re-deployable radiator (FRDR) as an active thermal control system. The aim of this research is to try not only to verify the thermal control devices, but also to perform a water phase change experiment as a payload using an electric power generation of 100 W in space environment. In this paper, the basic design of the satellite, the analysis of the feasibility by the thermal mathematical model, and the fabrication of thermal test model including water phase chamber are reported. The main results of thermal analysis as feasibility verification showed that the paddles could absorb the thermal energy up to 97 W at the solar input of 180 W, and the operating temperature of bus equipment became within the allowable temperature range (0°C - 40°C). At thermal vacuum test, the difference between the analysis and the experiment for the temperature history of water due to the discordance for the value of thermal conductance was discussed.展开更多
Ultralight ceramic aerogels are attractive thermal superinsulating materials,but display a formidable tradeoff between low and high temperature thermal conductivity(κ)due to their low-density features.Embedding carbo...Ultralight ceramic aerogels are attractive thermal superinsulating materials,but display a formidable tradeoff between low and high temperature thermal conductivity(κ)due to their low-density features.Embedding carbon species as infrared opacifier in ultralight ceramic aerogels can substantially reduce the thermal radiation heat transfer without compromising the ultralow solid conduction.However,the oxidation resistance of embedded carbon species still remains inadequate to prevent thermal etching at high temperatures.Herein,we report a carbonaceous design and synthesis of ceramic nanofibrous aerogels with amorphous carbon embedded in the yttrium-stabilized zircon nanofibers to achieve a high-temperature thermal superinsulating performance with robust thermomechanical stability.The aerogels display one of the lowestκof 95 mW·m^(−1)·K^(-1)at 1,000℃in air among ultralight material family,as well as robust mechanical flexibility with up to 95%compressive strain,30%non-linear fracture strain,and 99%bending strain,and high thermal stability with ultralow strength degradation less than 1%after sharp thermal shocks(240℃·s^(-1))and working temperature up to 1,200℃.The combined high-temperature thermal superinsulating and thermomechanical properties offer an attractive material system for robust thermal insulation under extreme conditions.展开更多
Nanostructured materials with abundant defect sinks show good radiation tolerance due to their efficient absorption of irradiation-induced interstitials and vacancies.However,the poor thermal stability and limited siz...Nanostructured materials with abundant defect sinks show good radiation tolerance due to their efficient absorption of irradiation-induced interstitials and vacancies.However,the poor thermal stability and limited size of such nanomaterials severely limit their practical applications.Herein,we report a novel flexible free-standing network-structured hybrid consisting of amorphous carbon encapsulated nickel nanocrystals anchored on a single-wall carbon nanotube scaffold with excellent radiation tolerance up to 5 dpa at 673 K and exceptional thermal stability up to 1073 K.The nano-scale Ni-SWCNT network with abundant Ni-SWCNT interfaces and grain boundaries provides effective sinks and fast transportation channels for defects,which effectively absorb irradiation-induced defects and improved the irradiation tolerance.Furthermore,the formation of a low-energy Ni-C interface and surface thermal grooves significantly reduces the system free energy and increased thermal stability.The amorphous carbon layer produces an external compressive radial stress that inhibits Ni grain boundaries from migrating,which greatly improves the thermal stability of the hybrid by pinning GBs at grooves between grains and facilitates the annihilation of irradiation-induced defects at the sinks.This work provides a new strategy to improve the thermal stability and radiation tolerance of nano-materials used in an irradiation environment.展开更多
文摘Carbon black (CB) or multi walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNT) loaded polyurethane conductive foams are used as heaters, electrodes, radar absorbers and shielding. This paper discusses the performance of an innovative flexible thermal radiator (FTR) constructed with CB filled or MWCNT filled conductive foam and powering electrode structure constructed with textiles manufacturing process (knitting, weaving or nonwoven). Silver (Ag) yarns are used for the powering electrodes construction. This paper discusses the construction, electro-thermal analysis, performance and applications of FTR. Also this paper compare the thermal and electrical characteristics of CB filled and MWCNT filled FTRs. The electro-thermal model is simulated by using finite element methods.
文摘In previous years, several high-power micro-satellites below ~100 kg have been developed for high-functional spacecraft. This paper proposes a functional and high-power thermal control system with no power supply and a simple configuration for micro-satellite: 100 W, 3 U. The proposed system consists of a heat storage panel (HSP) with pitch type CFRP (Carbon Fiber Reinforced Polymer), a micro loop heat pipe (m-LHP) and a flexible re-deployable radiator (FRDR) as an active thermal control system. The aim of this research is to try not only to verify the thermal control devices, but also to perform a water phase change experiment as a payload using an electric power generation of 100 W in space environment. In this paper, the basic design of the satellite, the analysis of the feasibility by the thermal mathematical model, and the fabrication of thermal test model including water phase chamber are reported. The main results of thermal analysis as feasibility verification showed that the paddles could absorb the thermal energy up to 97 W at the solar input of 180 W, and the operating temperature of bus equipment became within the allowable temperature range (0°C - 40°C). At thermal vacuum test, the difference between the analysis and the experiment for the temperature history of water due to the discordance for the value of thermal conductance was discussed.
基金the Creative Research Groups of the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.51921006)the Heilongjiang Touyan Innovation Team Program of China.X.X.acknowledges funding from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.51878227).
文摘Ultralight ceramic aerogels are attractive thermal superinsulating materials,but display a formidable tradeoff between low and high temperature thermal conductivity(κ)due to their low-density features.Embedding carbon species as infrared opacifier in ultralight ceramic aerogels can substantially reduce the thermal radiation heat transfer without compromising the ultralow solid conduction.However,the oxidation resistance of embedded carbon species still remains inadequate to prevent thermal etching at high temperatures.Herein,we report a carbonaceous design and synthesis of ceramic nanofibrous aerogels with amorphous carbon embedded in the yttrium-stabilized zircon nanofibers to achieve a high-temperature thermal superinsulating performance with robust thermomechanical stability.The aerogels display one of the lowestκof 95 mW·m^(−1)·K^(-1)at 1,000℃in air among ultralight material family,as well as robust mechanical flexibility with up to 95%compressive strain,30%non-linear fracture strain,and 99%bending strain,and high thermal stability with ultralow strength degradation less than 1%after sharp thermal shocks(240℃·s^(-1))and working temperature up to 1,200℃.The combined high-temperature thermal superinsulating and thermomechanical properties offer an attractive material system for robust thermal insulation under extreme conditions.
基金financial support from the Ministry of Science and Technology of China(Nos.2017YFA0700702 and 2017YFA0700705)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.52073290,51927803,52130209,52188101,12075141,and 11427904)+1 种基金the Science Foundation of Shenyang National Laboratory for Materials Science,Distinguished Young Scholars Foundation of Liaoning Scientific Committee(2023JH6/100500004)Carbon Neutrality Foundation of Shenyang Scientific Committee(21-108-9-01).
文摘Nanostructured materials with abundant defect sinks show good radiation tolerance due to their efficient absorption of irradiation-induced interstitials and vacancies.However,the poor thermal stability and limited size of such nanomaterials severely limit their practical applications.Herein,we report a novel flexible free-standing network-structured hybrid consisting of amorphous carbon encapsulated nickel nanocrystals anchored on a single-wall carbon nanotube scaffold with excellent radiation tolerance up to 5 dpa at 673 K and exceptional thermal stability up to 1073 K.The nano-scale Ni-SWCNT network with abundant Ni-SWCNT interfaces and grain boundaries provides effective sinks and fast transportation channels for defects,which effectively absorb irradiation-induced defects and improved the irradiation tolerance.Furthermore,the formation of a low-energy Ni-C interface and surface thermal grooves significantly reduces the system free energy and increased thermal stability.The amorphous carbon layer produces an external compressive radial stress that inhibits Ni grain boundaries from migrating,which greatly improves the thermal stability of the hybrid by pinning GBs at grooves between grains and facilitates the annihilation of irradiation-induced defects at the sinks.This work provides a new strategy to improve the thermal stability and radiation tolerance of nano-materials used in an irradiation environment.
