This is the first report on a polysaccharide(RCJ2-Ib)isolated from Rosa Chinensis Flos.RCJ2-Ib was obtained through the extraction with water,precipitation with ethanol,separation with DEAE-52 column and purification ...This is the first report on a polysaccharide(RCJ2-Ib)isolated from Rosa Chinensis Flos.RCJ2-Ib was obtained through the extraction with water,precipitation with ethanol,separation with DEAE-52 column and purification with DEAE-Sepharose Fast Flow column and Sephadex G100 column.GC,FT-IR and NMR analyses revealed that RCJ2-Ib(3.3 k Da)was a 1,4-linked polymannuronic acid containing substantialβ-Danomers units.The anticoagulant effect of RCJ2-Ib evaluated by using rabbit ear venous blood and an acute blood stasis rat model showed that RCJ2-Ib had obvious anticoagulant activity in regulating endogenous and exogenous coagulation pathways and reducing serum thromboxane B2 and endothelin-1.In addition,RCJ2-Ib could also increase the number of Lactobacillus and Escherichia coli.As a result,RCJ2-Ib has the potential to inhibit thrombosis and maintain the intestinal environment.展开更多
Lonicerae japonicae Flos(LF)is a kind of healthcare food with hepatoprotective function.This study was designed to explore the spectrum-effect relationships between UPLC fingerprints and the hepatoprotective effects o...Lonicerae japonicae Flos(LF)is a kind of healthcare food with hepatoprotective function.This study was designed to explore the spectrum-effect relationships between UPLC fingerprints and the hepatoprotective effects of LF.Fingerprints of ten batches of LF were established by UPLC-PDA.The inhibitory levels of AST and ALT were used as pharmacological indexes,and secoxyloganin,isochlorogenic acid A and isochlorogenic acid C were screened as hepatoprotective active compounds by grey relational analysis(GRA)and partial least squares regression analysis(PLSR).Caspase-3 was obtained by network pharmacology as a key target of hepatoprotective active compounds.Molecular docking is used to explore the interaction between small molecules and proteins.This work provided a general model of the combination of UPLC-PDA and hepatoprotective effect to study the spectrum-effect relationship of LF,which can be used to considerable methods and insight for the fundamental research of the material basis of similar healthcare food.展开更多
[Objectives]This study was conducted to explore the quality control method and establish the quality standard of Zhuang medicine Buddlejae Flos.[Methods]The microscopic identification method was adopted to identify th...[Objectives]This study was conducted to explore the quality control method and establish the quality standard of Zhuang medicine Buddlejae Flos.[Methods]The microscopic identification method was adopted to identify the characters and microscopic characteristics of dried Buddlejae Flos in combination with traditional experience.The moisture,ash,acid-insoluble components and extracts of Buddlejae Flos were determined with reference to general rules of Chinese Pharmacopoeia(2015 edition).TLC identification was performed.Liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry(LC-MS)was used to determine the contents of linarin and verbascoside in Buddlejae Flos,and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry(GC-MS)was adopted to detect pesticide residues in Buddlejae Flos.Heavy metal elements As,Cd and Pb were detected by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry(ICP-MS).[Results]The established method is simple and accurate.Clear spots were observed on the thin layer chromatograms,and the resolution was good.The average value of moisture content was 12.24%;the average value of ash content was 5.1%;the average value of acid-insoluble content was 7.5%;and the average value of extract content was 27.3%.The regression equation of rutin in Buddlejae Flos was y=11.896x-0.0049,R^(2)=0.9996,and the contents of linarin and verbascoside were 5680 and 2080 mg/kg,respectively.No pesticide residues and heavy metals were detected in the medicinal materials of Buddlejae Flos.[Conclusions]This study can provide reference for the quality standard control of Guangxi Zhuang medicine Buddlejae Flos.展开更多
Flos lonicerae is the dry flower bud of Lonicera japonica Thunb,and it is a very important Chinese herbal medicine in China.In ancient times,it was widely used to treat the exopathogenic wind-heat,epidemic febrile dis...Flos lonicerae is the dry flower bud of Lonicera japonica Thunb,and it is a very important Chinese herbal medicine in China.In ancient times,it was widely used to treat the exopathogenic wind-heat,epidemic febrile diseases,sores,carbuncles and some infectious diseases.Modern pharmacological research has indicated that it has anti-inflammatory,anti-bacterial,anti-viral and anti-oxidation activities.This paper reviews the chemical compositions and biological activities of Flos lonicerae in order to provide reference for its application in clinical practice in the future.展开更多
Albiziae Flos(AF)has been experimentally proven to have an antidepressant effect.However,due to the complexity of botanical ingredients,the exact pharmacological mechanism of action of AF in depression has not been co...Albiziae Flos(AF)has been experimentally proven to have an antidepressant effect.However,due to the complexity of botanical ingredients,the exact pharmacological mechanism of action of AF in depression has not been completely deciphered.This study used the network pharmacology method to construct a component-target-pathway network to explore the active components and potential mechanisms of action of AF.The methods included collection and screening of chemical components,prediction of depression-associated targets of the active components,gene enrichment,and network construction and analysis.Quercetin and 4 other active components were found to exert an tidepressant effects mainly via monoaminergic neurotransmitters and cAMP signaling and neuroactive ligand・wceptor interaction pathways.DRD2,HTR1 A,and SLC6A4 were identified as important targets of the studied bioactive components of AF.This network pharmacology analysis provides guidance for further study of the antidepressant mechanism of AF.展开更多
A new method of extracting chlorogenic acid from flos lonicerae, and treating the materials with enzyme before being extracted by ethanol is developed, and the optimum conditions are also investigated in detail. Three...A new method of extracting chlorogenic acid from flos lonicerae, and treating the materials with enzyme before being extracted by ethanol is developed, and the optimum conditions are also investigated in detail. Three important factors, enzyme dosage, treatment time and treatment temperature are adapted to optimize the extraction process. The experimental results show that the extract yield of flos lonicerae and chlorogenic acid can be obviously increased by the cellulase treatment, 61.5 mg chlorogenic acid is obtained from 1.00 g flos lonicerae at most. The optimal temperature of enzymatic treatment is 40 50 ℃. Compared with the use of single cellulase, the combined treatment of cellulase and pectinase increase the extract yield obviously but fail to improve that of chlorogenic acid.展开更多
Objective To study the optimum extraction and separation process of total flavonoids in the flowers of Flos Puerariae and its antioxidative activity.Methods The total flavonoids were extracted with assistance of ultra...Objective To study the optimum extraction and separation process of total flavonoids in the flowers of Flos Puerariae and its antioxidative activity.Methods The total flavonoids were extracted with assistance of ultrasonic wave and the content was determined at 265 nm wavelength by Spectrophotometric method.Orthogonal experiment L9(34)was carried out to investigate the effects of concentration of solvent,the ratio of material to liquid,time length of extraction,and frequency of extraction on extraction results of total flavonoids from Flos Puerariae.The extracted solution was purified by petroleum ether and ethanol sequently.Under these conditions,the total flavonoids was eluted gradiently with mixed mobile phase of methanol-chloroform solution in the silica gel column system,and then determined by UV scanning and HPLC.Fenton reaction was used to produce and detect hydroxyl radicals(·OH),and pyrogallol system was used to produce and detect the superoxide radical anion(O2-·).Results The optimum conditions were as follows;using 40%(V/V)methanol as extractor with the ratio of material to liquid at 1∶30,and extracting for 2.5 h a time for 3 times.The extraction yield of total flavonoids was 13.6%.Six isoflavone compounds were isolated from the flowers of Flos Puerariae by the method of silica gel column chromatography.Antioxidative test results showed good performance of flavonoid scavenging capacity in both hydroxyl radical system and superoxide radical system and its IC50 was 7.65 μg·mL-1 and 0.18 mg·mL-1,respectively.Conclusions This study provided scientific basis for further development and utilization of Flos Puerariae and make preparation for later pharmacological research.展开更多
[Objectives]This study aimed to optimize the ultrasonic-assisted extraction process of quercetin from Flos Sophorae Immaturus.[Methods]The natural product quercetin in Flos Sophorae Immaturus was extracted by ultrason...[Objectives]This study aimed to optimize the ultrasonic-assisted extraction process of quercetin from Flos Sophorae Immaturus.[Methods]The natural product quercetin in Flos Sophorae Immaturus was extracted by ultrasonic-assisted method,and the content of quercetin in the extract was determined by ultraviolet spectrophotometry.The effect of ethanol concentration,solid/liquid ratio,temperature,time and ultrasonic power on the yield of quercetin in Flos Sophorae Immaturus was investigated by using single-factor experiments.Based on the results of single-factor experiments,an orthogonal experiment was designed to optimize the extraction process.The experimental data obtained were subjected to range analysis,analysis of variance and SSR test using SPSS 20.0 software to obtain the optimal extraction process.The results concluded were verified.[Results]The optimal ultrasonic-assisted extraction process for quercetin in Flos Sophorae Immaturus was as follows:temperature of 85℃,time of 30 min,solid/liquid ratio of 1∶20 g/mL,ethanol concentration of 50%.Under the optimal extraction conditions,the yield of quercetin in Flos Sophorae Immaturus was the highest.[Conclusions]This study provides a theoretical basis for the application of quercetin in Flos Sophorae Immaturus.展开更多
Lonicerae japonicaeFlos (LJF) is widely used in traditional Chinese medicines for the treatment of various diseases, which is now in great demand every year and has a broad development prospect. However, the flowering...Lonicerae japonicaeFlos (LJF) is widely used in traditional Chinese medicines for the treatment of various diseases, which is now in great demand every year and has a broad development prospect. However, the flowering phase of common LJF varieties is so short, which seriously restricts the development of LJF industry. As a new cultivated kind of Lonicerae japonicae Flos, “Hua Jin 6” has characteristics in long flowering phase and conveniently picking, which makes it have a broad development prospect. The aim of this study is to provide scientific guidance for its suitable harvest period by measuring yield and quality of “Hua Jin 6” from different harvest time. Studies show that flower size had a slowly rising trend from the first day to the seventh day, and then slowly declined or kept stable. There were no significant differences of total phenolic acid contents in different samples from different days, but contents of total flavonoids were on the rise and up to maximum in the ninth day. The contents of total iridoids had an increasing tendency from the first day to the fifth day and then kept relatively stable in other days. We demonstrated that the quality of “Hua Jin 6” is relatively stable and suitable for harvesting in all flower buds white stage in term of HPLC fingerprints. Our findings can make it possible to select the suitable time for different harvest purpose.展开更多
Objective: To explore the molecular mechanism of Magnoliae Flos and Xanthii Fructus herb pair for allergic rhinitis based on network pharmacology. Methods: From the Traditional Chinese Medicine Systems Pharmacology da...Objective: To explore the molecular mechanism of Magnoliae Flos and Xanthii Fructus herb pair for allergic rhinitis based on network pharmacology. Methods: From the Traditional Chinese Medicine Systems Pharmacology database, Uniprot database, and Gene Cards database, the relevant chemical constituents information, pharmacokinetic information and hub target of allergic rhinitis were obtained. The protein-protein interaction network was constructed by STRING online database, analyzed and showed by the Cytoscape software. The screened target information was analyzed by the Metascape database for Gene Ontology biological function and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathway enrichment analysis. Results: Main components of Magnoliae Flos and Xanthii Fructus herb pair, such as aloe-emodin, stigmasterol, beta-sitosterol and Yangambin, depend on the interaction of Nitric Oxide Synthase 3, Tumor Necrosis Factor, Caspase-3 and other functions involve G protein-coupled (amine) receptor activity, RNA polymerase II basic transcription factor binding, protease binding, heme binding, and integrin binding;can regulate calcium signal pathway, serotonergic synapse, Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes signal pathway, tryptophan inflammatory mediator regulation pathway, estrogen signal pathway alone or in combination, and play a role in the treatment of allergic rhinitis. Conclusion: Magnoliae Flos combined with Xanthii Fructus can regulate biomolecular network in multiple targets and pathways to treat allergic rhinitis.展开更多
OBJECTIVE Rheumatoid arthritis(RA)is the most common inflammatory autoimmune disease,affecting around 1% of the world population.Toll-like receptor 4(TLR4)signalling has been found to be involved in the pathogenesis o...OBJECTIVE Rheumatoid arthritis(RA)is the most common inflammatory autoimmune disease,affecting around 1% of the world population.Toll-like receptor 4(TLR4)signalling has been found to be involved in the pathogenesis of RA.It is a potential therapeutic target for RA treatment.A herbal formula(RL)consisting of Rosae Multiflorae Fructus and Lonicerae Japonicae Flos has traditionally been used in treating various inflammatory disorders.In this study,we would evaluate the anti-arthritic effect of RL on collagen-induced arthritis(CIA)in rats and investigate the involvement of TLR4 signaling in the mode of action of RL in vivo and in vitro.METHODS In vivo anti-arthritic efficacy was evaluated using CIA rats induced by bovine typeⅡ collagen.The treatment groups were treated with various concentrations of RL or positive control indomethacin for 35 d.Clinical signs(hind paw volume and arthritis severity scores),changes in serum inflammatory mediators,histological and radiographic changes of joints were investigated.Spleens and peritoneal macrophages were used to determine the effects of RL on innate and adaptive immune responses in CIA rats.The involvement of TLR4 signalling pathways in the anti-arthritic effect of RL was examined in cartilage tissue of CIA rats,murine RAW264.7macrophages and human THP-1 monocytic cells.RESULTS The severity of arthritis in the CIA rats was significantly attenuated by RL.Histological score and radiographic score were efficiently improved by RL.RL could also dose-dependently inhibit pro-inflammatory cytokines in serum of CIA rats.RL significantly inhibited the production of various pro-inflammatory mediators,the expression and/or activity of the components of TLR4 signalling pathways in animal tissue and cell lines.CONCLUSION RL possesses anti-arthritic effect on collagen-induced arthritis in rats.The therapeutic effect of RL may be related to its inhibition on pro-inflammatory cytokines in serum.The inhibition of the TLR4/TAK1/NF-κB and TLR4/TAK1/MAPK pathways participate in the anti-arthritic effects of RL.This provides a pharmacological justification for the use of RL in the control of various arthritic diseases.Further investigation should be done to develop RL into a modern anti-arthritic agent.展开更多
In order to better control the quality of Flos Puerariae(FP),qualitative and quantitative analyses were initially performed by using chemical fingerprint and chemometrics methods in this study.First,the fingerprint of...In order to better control the quality of Flos Puerariae(FP),qualitative and quantitative analyses were initially performed by using chemical fingerprint and chemometrics methods in this study.First,the fingerprint of FP was developed by HPLC and the chemical markers were screened out by similarity analysis(SA),hierarchical clustering analysis(HCA),principal components analysis(PCA),and orthogonal partial least squares discriminant analysis(OPLS-DA).Next,the chemical constituents in FP were profiled and identified by HPLC coupled to Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry(HPLCFT-ICR MS).Then,the characteristic constituents in FP were quantitatively analyzed by HPLC.As a result,31 common peaks were assigned in the fingerprint and 6 of them were considered as qualitative markers.A total of 35 chemical constituents were detected by HPLC-FT-ICR MS and 16 of them were unambiguously identified by comparing retention time,UV absorption wavelength,accurate mass,and MS/MS data with those of reference standards.Subsequently,the contents of glycitin,genistin,tectoridin,glycitein,genistein,and tectorigenin in 13 batches of FP were detected,ranging from 0.4438 to 11.06 mg/g,0.955 to 1.726 mg/g,9.81 to 57.22 mg/g,3.349 to 41.60 mg/g,0.3576 to 0.989 mg/g,and 2.126 to 9.99 mg/g,respectively.In conclusion,fingerprint analysis in combination with chemometrics methods could discover chemical markers for improving the quality control standard of FP.It is expected that the strategy applied in this study will be valuable for further quality control of other traditional Chinese medicines.展开更多
[Objective] The paper was to explore the combined inhibitory effect of rhizoma coptidis-folium isatidis and rhizoma coptidis-flos poprli against Escherichia coli O2.[Method] Contrast test of single and associated bact...[Objective] The paper was to explore the combined inhibitory effect of rhizoma coptidis-folium isatidis and rhizoma coptidis-flos poprli against Escherichia coli O2.[Method] Contrast test of single and associated bacteriostasis against known serotype E. coli O2 was conducted using microcheckerboard method.[Result] The MIC of rhizoma coptidis, folium isatidis and flos poprli were 1/8 extracting liquid, 1/8 extracting liquid and 1/2 extracting liquid, respectively. When combined with folium isatidis or flos poprli, the MIC of rhizoma coptidis was 1/8 extracting liq-uid or 1/16 extracting liquid compared with single use. When combined with rhizoma coptidis, the MIC of folium isatidis and flos poprli were 1/8 extracting liquid and 1/16 extracting liquid.[Conclusion] When rhizoma coptidis was combined with folium isatidis or flos poprli, the FIC values were 2 and 0.625, performing independent action and additive effect, respectively.展开更多
[Objectives]To explore the process of simultaneous extracting total flavonoids and chlorogenic acid from Flos Lonicerae by pressure assisted extraction.[Methods]Based on the single factor experiment,orthogonal experim...[Objectives]To explore the process of simultaneous extracting total flavonoids and chlorogenic acid from Flos Lonicerae by pressure assisted extraction.[Methods]Based on the single factor experiment,orthogonal experiments were carried out to investigate the effects of solvent concentration,solid-to-liquid ratio,extraction pressure,extraction time and extraction temperature on the extraction rate of total flavonoids and chlorogenic acid.[Results]The results showed that the extraction pressure had a significant effect on the extraction of two kinds of chemical constituents from F.Lonicerae.The optimum process conditions were as follows:solvent concentration was 60%,solid-liquid ratio was 1∶20(g/mL),extraction pressure was 2 MPa,extraction time was 30 min,extraction temperature was 70℃.The process conditions are stable,and the extraction efficiency is higher than that of ultrasonic assisted extraction method.Under the test conditions,the extraction rates of total flavonoids and chlorogenic acids were respectively 15.66%and 3.89%.[Conclusions]This study provides a new theoretical basis for the development and utilization of F.Lonicerae.展开更多
Lonicerae Flos(LF)derived from the dried flower buds or opening flowers of four Lonicera plants(Lonicera macranthoides,L.hypoglauca,L.confusa,and L.fulvotnetosa),is a popular traditional Chinese medicine.Because the f...Lonicerae Flos(LF)derived from the dried flower buds or opening flowers of four Lonicera plants(Lonicera macranthoides,L.hypoglauca,L.confusa,and L.fulvotnetosa),is a popular traditional Chinese medicine.Because the four origin plants are very similar in morphology,it is difficult to control the quality of LF in actual production.Over the past decade,many reports have pointed out the differences among them,including the botanical characteristics and active ingredients.However,there is still a lack of rapid methods that can be applied to the identification of the four origins.In this study,comparative analysis of the four chloroplast genomes was performed,and they showed low diversity(Pi=0.00267),three variation hotspots regions(rbcL-accD,rps12-ndhF and rps12-trnN-trnG)were identified as potentially molecular marker of highly informative.Meanwhile,the most obvious difference in SSR comparative analysis is reverse and complement repeats were only identified in L.confusa and L.hypoglauca,respectively.Lastly,the phylogenetic tree showed that L.confusa is more closely related to L.fulvotnetosa,while L.macranthoides is closer to L.hypoglauca.This study systematically revealed the differences among the four chloroplast genomes,and it provides valuable genetic information for identifying the origin of LF.展开更多
[Objectives]This study was conducted to optimize the extraction process of rutin in Flos Sophorae.[Methods]With the percentage content of rutin extracted from Flos Sophorae as the evaluation index and rutin as the ref...[Objectives]This study was conducted to optimize the extraction process of rutin in Flos Sophorae.[Methods]With the percentage content of rutin extracted from Flos Sophorae as the evaluation index and rutin as the reference substance,the content of rutin in Flos Sophorae extracted ultrasonically was determined by high performance liquid chromatography.L_(9)(3^(4))orthogonal experiments were carried out to optimize the three factors(solvent concentration,material-to-liquid ratio,extraction time)that affect the effect of ultrasonic extraction of rutin from Flos Sophorae.[Results]The extraction effect of the crude medicinal powder was best with the methanol concentration of 80%,the ratio of material to liquid at 0.1∶30,and the extraction time of 40 min.[Conclusions]This study provides a reference for optimizing the extraction process of rutin in Flos Sophorae.展开更多
The herbal textual research of Inulae Flos was carried out from the aspects of name,origin,habit and distribution,nature and flavor,meridian,efficacy and indications by referring to ancient Chinese herbal books and di...The herbal textual research of Inulae Flos was carried out from the aspects of name,origin,habit and distribution,nature and flavor,meridian,efficacy and indications by referring to ancient Chinese herbal books and different editions of Pharmacopoeia of People’s Republic of China.After textual research,Inulae Flos has been named as"Inulae Flos"since Shennong Bencaojing(Shennong’s Herbal Classic).Its original plant is Inula japonica Thunb.or I.britannica L.,which is easy to multiply and widely distributed.Inulae Flos is used medically with clean and dry capitulum,and there is also honey-burning method.The description of Inulae Flos in Pharmacopoeia of People’s Republic of China,such as nature and flavor,meridian,efficacy and indications,is generally consistent with the records in traditional herbal books.展开更多
The identification and quality evaluation of Flos carthami were studied using tunable liquid spectral imaging instrument, to discuss the application range and advantages of spectral imaging technology in Chinese medic...The identification and quality evaluation of Flos carthami were studied using tunable liquid spectral imaging instrument, to discuss the application range and advantages of spectral imaging technology in Chinese medicine identification and quality control field. The Flos carthami was indentified by extracting the normalized characteristic spectral curves of Flos carthami, Crocus sativus and Dendranthema morifolium, which were standard samples supplied by National Institute for Drug Control. The qualities of Flos carthamies collecting from different pharmacies were evaluated by extracting their normalized characteristic spectral curves. The imaging spectrum testing system was designed independently. The spectral resolution was 5 nm, and the spectral range was from 400 nm to 680 nm. The results showed that the normalized characteristic spectral curve of Flos carthami was significantly different from those of Crocus sativus’ and Dendranthema morifolium’s, and the fluorescence intensity of Flos carthami from different commercial sources were different. Spectral imaging technology could be used to identify and evaluate Flos carthami, and operation method was rapid, convenient and non-destructive.展开更多
Objectives: Puerariae flos has popularly been used to treat alcoholic disorders. However, the effect of Puerariae flos on alcoholic disorders in the gastrointestinal system has not been identified. We investigated the...Objectives: Puerariae flos has popularly been used to treat alcoholic disorders. However, the effect of Puerariae flos on alcoholic disorders in the gastrointestinal system has not been identified. We investigated the protective effect of an extract of Puerariae flos against the murine gastric mucosa. Methods: Thomsonide, the extracts containing large amounts of isoflavonoid and triterpenoid saponin, was obtained fr om Puerriae flos via Diaion HP-20 column chromatography using water and 99.5% ethanol. It was investigated whether thomsonide, as well as geranylgeranylacetone (teprenone), a popular anti-ulcer agent developed in Japan, had a cytoprotective effect that might be related to endogenous prostaglandins, which played an important role in preventing gastric mucosal lesions. Results: Thomsonide and teprenone inhibited ethanol-induced gastric lesions. Furthermore, thomsonide increased the production of PGE2 and 6-ketoPGF1α, a stable metabolite of PGI2, in the gastric mucosa, and protective effects of thomsonide, as well as teprenone, against ethanol-induced gastric lesions were attenuated by pretreatment with indomethacin. Conclusions: These findings suggest that thomsonide, as well as teprenone, has the gastro protective effect which may be related to the cytoprotective activity of endogenous prostaglandins. The results of this study also suggest that the gastro protective effect of thomsonide may partially mitigate alcoholic disorders in the gastrointestinal tract, and support our pharmacological belief that Puerariae flos is useful for treatment of alcoholic disorders.展开更多
基金supported by Research on Precision Nutrition and Health Food,Department of Science and Technology of Henan Province(CXJD2021006)Key Project in Science and Technology Agency of Henan Province(202102110283 and 202102110149)。
文摘This is the first report on a polysaccharide(RCJ2-Ib)isolated from Rosa Chinensis Flos.RCJ2-Ib was obtained through the extraction with water,precipitation with ethanol,separation with DEAE-52 column and purification with DEAE-Sepharose Fast Flow column and Sephadex G100 column.GC,FT-IR and NMR analyses revealed that RCJ2-Ib(3.3 k Da)was a 1,4-linked polymannuronic acid containing substantialβ-Danomers units.The anticoagulant effect of RCJ2-Ib evaluated by using rabbit ear venous blood and an acute blood stasis rat model showed that RCJ2-Ib had obvious anticoagulant activity in regulating endogenous and exogenous coagulation pathways and reducing serum thromboxane B2 and endothelin-1.In addition,RCJ2-Ib could also increase the number of Lactobacillus and Escherichia coli.As a result,RCJ2-Ib has the potential to inhibit thrombosis and maintain the intestinal environment.
基金financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (81973604, 81803690 and 81703684)Special Funds from the Central Finance to Support the Development of Local Universities+12 种基金the National Natural Science Foundation Matching Project (2018PT02)the Innovative Talents Funding of Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine (2018RCD25)the Postdoctoral Initial Fund of Heilongjiang Province (UNPYSCT 2017219)the University Nursing Program for Young Scholars with Creative Talents in Heilongjiang Province (UNPYSCT-2017215)the National Natural Science Foundation Matching Project (2017PT01)the Natural Science Foundation of Heilongjiang Province (H2015037)the Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine Doctoral Innovation Foundation (2014bs05)the Application Technology Research and Development Projects of Harbin Technology Bureau (2014RFQXJ149)the Heilongjiang Postdoctoral Scientific Research Developmental Fund (LBH-Q16210 and LBH-Q17161)the Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine Doctoral Innovation Foundation (2013bs04)the scientific research project of Heilongjiang Provincial Health Commission (20211313050171)Heilongjiang Touyan Innovation Team ProgramNational Famous Old Traditional Chinese Medecine Experts Inheritance Studio Construction Program of National Administration of TCM ([2022]No.75)
文摘Lonicerae japonicae Flos(LF)is a kind of healthcare food with hepatoprotective function.This study was designed to explore the spectrum-effect relationships between UPLC fingerprints and the hepatoprotective effects of LF.Fingerprints of ten batches of LF were established by UPLC-PDA.The inhibitory levels of AST and ALT were used as pharmacological indexes,and secoxyloganin,isochlorogenic acid A and isochlorogenic acid C were screened as hepatoprotective active compounds by grey relational analysis(GRA)and partial least squares regression analysis(PLSR).Caspase-3 was obtained by network pharmacology as a key target of hepatoprotective active compounds.Molecular docking is used to explore the interaction between small molecules and proteins.This work provided a general model of the combination of UPLC-PDA and hepatoprotective effect to study the spectrum-effect relationship of LF,which can be used to considerable methods and insight for the fundamental research of the material basis of similar healthcare food.
基金Supported by Guangxi Key R&D Program(GK AB18221095)Guangxi Key Laboratory of Molecular Pathology of Hepatobiliary Diseases(GXZDSYS-005)+1 种基金Baise Scientific Research and Technological Development Program in 2021(BK 20211810)High-level Talent Scientific Research Project of Youjiang Medical University for Nationalities(01002018079)。
文摘[Objectives]This study was conducted to explore the quality control method and establish the quality standard of Zhuang medicine Buddlejae Flos.[Methods]The microscopic identification method was adopted to identify the characters and microscopic characteristics of dried Buddlejae Flos in combination with traditional experience.The moisture,ash,acid-insoluble components and extracts of Buddlejae Flos were determined with reference to general rules of Chinese Pharmacopoeia(2015 edition).TLC identification was performed.Liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry(LC-MS)was used to determine the contents of linarin and verbascoside in Buddlejae Flos,and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry(GC-MS)was adopted to detect pesticide residues in Buddlejae Flos.Heavy metal elements As,Cd and Pb were detected by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry(ICP-MS).[Results]The established method is simple and accurate.Clear spots were observed on the thin layer chromatograms,and the resolution was good.The average value of moisture content was 12.24%;the average value of ash content was 5.1%;the average value of acid-insoluble content was 7.5%;and the average value of extract content was 27.3%.The regression equation of rutin in Buddlejae Flos was y=11.896x-0.0049,R^(2)=0.9996,and the contents of linarin and verbascoside were 5680 and 2080 mg/kg,respectively.No pesticide residues and heavy metals were detected in the medicinal materials of Buddlejae Flos.[Conclusions]This study can provide reference for the quality standard control of Guangxi Zhuang medicine Buddlejae Flos.
基金This work was financially supported by National Nature Science Foundation of China(81973284)Scientific Research Foundation of the Education Department of Liaoning Province(LJKZ0944)College Student Innovation and Entrepreneurship Project of Shenyang Pharmaceutical University(202210163151).
文摘Flos lonicerae is the dry flower bud of Lonicera japonica Thunb,and it is a very important Chinese herbal medicine in China.In ancient times,it was widely used to treat the exopathogenic wind-heat,epidemic febrile diseases,sores,carbuncles and some infectious diseases.Modern pharmacological research has indicated that it has anti-inflammatory,anti-bacterial,anti-viral and anti-oxidation activities.This paper reviews the chemical compositions and biological activities of Flos lonicerae in order to provide reference for its application in clinical practice in the future.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.31570343).
文摘Albiziae Flos(AF)has been experimentally proven to have an antidepressant effect.However,due to the complexity of botanical ingredients,the exact pharmacological mechanism of action of AF in depression has not been completely deciphered.This study used the network pharmacology method to construct a component-target-pathway network to explore the active components and potential mechanisms of action of AF.The methods included collection and screening of chemical components,prediction of depression-associated targets of the active components,gene enrichment,and network construction and analysis.Quercetin and 4 other active components were found to exert an tidepressant effects mainly via monoaminergic neurotransmitters and cAMP signaling and neuroactive ligand・wceptor interaction pathways.DRD2,HTR1 A,and SLC6A4 were identified as important targets of the studied bioactive components of AF.This network pharmacology analysis provides guidance for further study of the antidepressant mechanism of AF.
文摘A new method of extracting chlorogenic acid from flos lonicerae, and treating the materials with enzyme before being extracted by ethanol is developed, and the optimum conditions are also investigated in detail. Three important factors, enzyme dosage, treatment time and treatment temperature are adapted to optimize the extraction process. The experimental results show that the extract yield of flos lonicerae and chlorogenic acid can be obviously increased by the cellulase treatment, 61.5 mg chlorogenic acid is obtained from 1.00 g flos lonicerae at most. The optimal temperature of enzymatic treatment is 40 50 ℃. Compared with the use of single cellulase, the combined treatment of cellulase and pectinase increase the extract yield obviously but fail to improve that of chlorogenic acid.
文摘Objective To study the optimum extraction and separation process of total flavonoids in the flowers of Flos Puerariae and its antioxidative activity.Methods The total flavonoids were extracted with assistance of ultrasonic wave and the content was determined at 265 nm wavelength by Spectrophotometric method.Orthogonal experiment L9(34)was carried out to investigate the effects of concentration of solvent,the ratio of material to liquid,time length of extraction,and frequency of extraction on extraction results of total flavonoids from Flos Puerariae.The extracted solution was purified by petroleum ether and ethanol sequently.Under these conditions,the total flavonoids was eluted gradiently with mixed mobile phase of methanol-chloroform solution in the silica gel column system,and then determined by UV scanning and HPLC.Fenton reaction was used to produce and detect hydroxyl radicals(·OH),and pyrogallol system was used to produce and detect the superoxide radical anion(O2-·).Results The optimum conditions were as follows;using 40%(V/V)methanol as extractor with the ratio of material to liquid at 1∶30,and extracting for 2.5 h a time for 3 times.The extraction yield of total flavonoids was 13.6%.Six isoflavone compounds were isolated from the flowers of Flos Puerariae by the method of silica gel column chromatography.Antioxidative test results showed good performance of flavonoid scavenging capacity in both hydroxyl radical system and superoxide radical system and its IC50 was 7.65 μg·mL-1 and 0.18 mg·mL-1,respectively.Conclusions This study provided scientific basis for further development and utilization of Flos Puerariae and make preparation for later pharmacological research.
基金Innovation and Entrepreneurship Training Program for Undergraduates of Xiamen Medical College(201812631035,201912631026).
文摘[Objectives]This study aimed to optimize the ultrasonic-assisted extraction process of quercetin from Flos Sophorae Immaturus.[Methods]The natural product quercetin in Flos Sophorae Immaturus was extracted by ultrasonic-assisted method,and the content of quercetin in the extract was determined by ultraviolet spectrophotometry.The effect of ethanol concentration,solid/liquid ratio,temperature,time and ultrasonic power on the yield of quercetin in Flos Sophorae Immaturus was investigated by using single-factor experiments.Based on the results of single-factor experiments,an orthogonal experiment was designed to optimize the extraction process.The experimental data obtained were subjected to range analysis,analysis of variance and SSR test using SPSS 20.0 software to obtain the optimal extraction process.The results concluded were verified.[Results]The optimal ultrasonic-assisted extraction process for quercetin in Flos Sophorae Immaturus was as follows:temperature of 85℃,time of 30 min,solid/liquid ratio of 1∶20 g/mL,ethanol concentration of 50%.Under the optimal extraction conditions,the yield of quercetin in Flos Sophorae Immaturus was the highest.[Conclusions]This study provides a theoretical basis for the application of quercetin in Flos Sophorae Immaturus.
文摘Lonicerae japonicaeFlos (LJF) is widely used in traditional Chinese medicines for the treatment of various diseases, which is now in great demand every year and has a broad development prospect. However, the flowering phase of common LJF varieties is so short, which seriously restricts the development of LJF industry. As a new cultivated kind of Lonicerae japonicae Flos, “Hua Jin 6” has characteristics in long flowering phase and conveniently picking, which makes it have a broad development prospect. The aim of this study is to provide scientific guidance for its suitable harvest period by measuring yield and quality of “Hua Jin 6” from different harvest time. Studies show that flower size had a slowly rising trend from the first day to the seventh day, and then slowly declined or kept stable. There were no significant differences of total phenolic acid contents in different samples from different days, but contents of total flavonoids were on the rise and up to maximum in the ninth day. The contents of total iridoids had an increasing tendency from the first day to the fifth day and then kept relatively stable in other days. We demonstrated that the quality of “Hua Jin 6” is relatively stable and suitable for harvesting in all flower buds white stage in term of HPLC fingerprints. Our findings can make it possible to select the suitable time for different harvest purpose.
基金This study was supported by the Discipline Innovation Team Construction Project of the Second Affiliated Hospital of Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine(2020XKTD-A02).
文摘Objective: To explore the molecular mechanism of Magnoliae Flos and Xanthii Fructus herb pair for allergic rhinitis based on network pharmacology. Methods: From the Traditional Chinese Medicine Systems Pharmacology database, Uniprot database, and Gene Cards database, the relevant chemical constituents information, pharmacokinetic information and hub target of allergic rhinitis were obtained. The protein-protein interaction network was constructed by STRING online database, analyzed and showed by the Cytoscape software. The screened target information was analyzed by the Metascape database for Gene Ontology biological function and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathway enrichment analysis. Results: Main components of Magnoliae Flos and Xanthii Fructus herb pair, such as aloe-emodin, stigmasterol, beta-sitosterol and Yangambin, depend on the interaction of Nitric Oxide Synthase 3, Tumor Necrosis Factor, Caspase-3 and other functions involve G protein-coupled (amine) receptor activity, RNA polymerase II basic transcription factor binding, protease binding, heme binding, and integrin binding;can regulate calcium signal pathway, serotonergic synapse, Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes signal pathway, tryptophan inflammatory mediator regulation pathway, estrogen signal pathway alone or in combination, and play a role in the treatment of allergic rhinitis. Conclusion: Magnoliae Flos combined with Xanthii Fructus can regulate biomolecular network in multiple targets and pathways to treat allergic rhinitis.
基金The project supported by Science,Technology and Innovation Commission of Shenzhen(JCYJ20120829154222473and JCYJ20140807091945050)Research Grants Council of Hong Kong(HKBU 262512)+1 种基金Food and Health Bureau of Hong Kong(HMRF 11122521)Hong Kong Baptist University(FRG2/14-15/056,FRG1/14-15/061)
文摘OBJECTIVE Rheumatoid arthritis(RA)is the most common inflammatory autoimmune disease,affecting around 1% of the world population.Toll-like receptor 4(TLR4)signalling has been found to be involved in the pathogenesis of RA.It is a potential therapeutic target for RA treatment.A herbal formula(RL)consisting of Rosae Multiflorae Fructus and Lonicerae Japonicae Flos has traditionally been used in treating various inflammatory disorders.In this study,we would evaluate the anti-arthritic effect of RL on collagen-induced arthritis(CIA)in rats and investigate the involvement of TLR4 signaling in the mode of action of RL in vivo and in vitro.METHODS In vivo anti-arthritic efficacy was evaluated using CIA rats induced by bovine typeⅡ collagen.The treatment groups were treated with various concentrations of RL or positive control indomethacin for 35 d.Clinical signs(hind paw volume and arthritis severity scores),changes in serum inflammatory mediators,histological and radiographic changes of joints were investigated.Spleens and peritoneal macrophages were used to determine the effects of RL on innate and adaptive immune responses in CIA rats.The involvement of TLR4 signalling pathways in the anti-arthritic effect of RL was examined in cartilage tissue of CIA rats,murine RAW264.7macrophages and human THP-1 monocytic cells.RESULTS The severity of arthritis in the CIA rats was significantly attenuated by RL.Histological score and radiographic score were efficiently improved by RL.RL could also dose-dependently inhibit pro-inflammatory cytokines in serum of CIA rats.RL significantly inhibited the production of various pro-inflammatory mediators,the expression and/or activity of the components of TLR4 signalling pathways in animal tissue and cell lines.CONCLUSION RL possesses anti-arthritic effect on collagen-induced arthritis in rats.The therapeutic effect of RL may be related to its inhibition on pro-inflammatory cytokines in serum.The inhibition of the TLR4/TAK1/NF-κB and TLR4/TAK1/MAPK pathways participate in the anti-arthritic effects of RL.This provides a pharmacological justification for the use of RL in the control of various arthritic diseases.Further investigation should be done to develop RL into a modern anti-arthritic agent.
基金supported by Liaoning Province Natural Science Foundation(Grant No.:2021-MS-220).
文摘In order to better control the quality of Flos Puerariae(FP),qualitative and quantitative analyses were initially performed by using chemical fingerprint and chemometrics methods in this study.First,the fingerprint of FP was developed by HPLC and the chemical markers were screened out by similarity analysis(SA),hierarchical clustering analysis(HCA),principal components analysis(PCA),and orthogonal partial least squares discriminant analysis(OPLS-DA).Next,the chemical constituents in FP were profiled and identified by HPLC coupled to Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry(HPLCFT-ICR MS).Then,the characteristic constituents in FP were quantitatively analyzed by HPLC.As a result,31 common peaks were assigned in the fingerprint and 6 of them were considered as qualitative markers.A total of 35 chemical constituents were detected by HPLC-FT-ICR MS and 16 of them were unambiguously identified by comparing retention time,UV absorption wavelength,accurate mass,and MS/MS data with those of reference standards.Subsequently,the contents of glycitin,genistin,tectoridin,glycitein,genistein,and tectorigenin in 13 batches of FP were detected,ranging from 0.4438 to 11.06 mg/g,0.955 to 1.726 mg/g,9.81 to 57.22 mg/g,3.349 to 41.60 mg/g,0.3576 to 0.989 mg/g,and 2.126 to 9.99 mg/g,respectively.In conclusion,fingerprint analysis in combination with chemometrics methods could discover chemical markers for improving the quality control standard of FP.It is expected that the strategy applied in this study will be valuable for further quality control of other traditional Chinese medicines.
基金Supported by Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province(ZR2014CQ012)
文摘[Objective] The paper was to explore the combined inhibitory effect of rhizoma coptidis-folium isatidis and rhizoma coptidis-flos poprli against Escherichia coli O2.[Method] Contrast test of single and associated bacteriostasis against known serotype E. coli O2 was conducted using microcheckerboard method.[Result] The MIC of rhizoma coptidis, folium isatidis and flos poprli were 1/8 extracting liquid, 1/8 extracting liquid and 1/2 extracting liquid, respectively. When combined with folium isatidis or flos poprli, the MIC of rhizoma coptidis was 1/8 extracting liq-uid or 1/16 extracting liquid compared with single use. When combined with rhizoma coptidis, the MIC of folium isatidis and flos poprli were 1/8 extracting liquid and 1/16 extracting liquid.[Conclusion] When rhizoma coptidis was combined with folium isatidis or flos poprli, the FIC values were 2 and 0.625, performing independent action and additive effect, respectively.
基金Supported by Scientific Research Project of Hunan Provincial Department of Education in 2017(17C1603)
文摘[Objectives]To explore the process of simultaneous extracting total flavonoids and chlorogenic acid from Flos Lonicerae by pressure assisted extraction.[Methods]Based on the single factor experiment,orthogonal experiments were carried out to investigate the effects of solvent concentration,solid-to-liquid ratio,extraction pressure,extraction time and extraction temperature on the extraction rate of total flavonoids and chlorogenic acid.[Results]The results showed that the extraction pressure had a significant effect on the extraction of two kinds of chemical constituents from F.Lonicerae.The optimum process conditions were as follows:solvent concentration was 60%,solid-liquid ratio was 1∶20(g/mL),extraction pressure was 2 MPa,extraction time was 30 min,extraction temperature was 70℃.The process conditions are stable,and the extraction efficiency is higher than that of ultrasonic assisted extraction method.Under the test conditions,the extraction rates of total flavonoids and chlorogenic acids were respectively 15.66%and 3.89%.[Conclusions]This study provides a new theoretical basis for the development and utilization of F.Lonicerae.
基金the Science and Technology Project of Changsha City(No.kq2004038)Program for Innovative Leading Talents for Science and Technology of Xianyang City。
文摘Lonicerae Flos(LF)derived from the dried flower buds or opening flowers of four Lonicera plants(Lonicera macranthoides,L.hypoglauca,L.confusa,and L.fulvotnetosa),is a popular traditional Chinese medicine.Because the four origin plants are very similar in morphology,it is difficult to control the quality of LF in actual production.Over the past decade,many reports have pointed out the differences among them,including the botanical characteristics and active ingredients.However,there is still a lack of rapid methods that can be applied to the identification of the four origins.In this study,comparative analysis of the four chloroplast genomes was performed,and they showed low diversity(Pi=0.00267),three variation hotspots regions(rbcL-accD,rps12-ndhF and rps12-trnN-trnG)were identified as potentially molecular marker of highly informative.Meanwhile,the most obvious difference in SSR comparative analysis is reverse and complement repeats were only identified in L.confusa and L.hypoglauca,respectively.Lastly,the phylogenetic tree showed that L.confusa is more closely related to L.fulvotnetosa,while L.macranthoides is closer to L.hypoglauca.This study systematically revealed the differences among the four chloroplast genomes,and it provides valuable genetic information for identifying the origin of LF.
基金Supported by 2020 Guangxi University Middle-aged and Young Teachers'Basic Research Ability Improvement Project(No.2020KY13034)Scientific Research Task of Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine of the Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region(No.GZZC2019147)+1 种基金the First Batch of High-level Talent Research Project in the Affiliated Hospital of Youjiang Medical University for Nationalities in 2019(No.Y20196311)School-level Scientific Research Project of Youjiang Medical University for Nationalities(No.yy2018ky018)。
文摘[Objectives]This study was conducted to optimize the extraction process of rutin in Flos Sophorae.[Methods]With the percentage content of rutin extracted from Flos Sophorae as the evaluation index and rutin as the reference substance,the content of rutin in Flos Sophorae extracted ultrasonically was determined by high performance liquid chromatography.L_(9)(3^(4))orthogonal experiments were carried out to optimize the three factors(solvent concentration,material-to-liquid ratio,extraction time)that affect the effect of ultrasonic extraction of rutin from Flos Sophorae.[Results]The extraction effect of the crude medicinal powder was best with the methanol concentration of 80%,the ratio of material to liquid at 0.1∶30,and the extraction time of 40 min.[Conclusions]This study provides a reference for optimizing the extraction process of rutin in Flos Sophorae.
文摘The herbal textual research of Inulae Flos was carried out from the aspects of name,origin,habit and distribution,nature and flavor,meridian,efficacy and indications by referring to ancient Chinese herbal books and different editions of Pharmacopoeia of People’s Republic of China.After textual research,Inulae Flos has been named as"Inulae Flos"since Shennong Bencaojing(Shennong’s Herbal Classic).Its original plant is Inula japonica Thunb.or I.britannica L.,which is easy to multiply and widely distributed.Inulae Flos is used medically with clean and dry capitulum,and there is also honey-burning method.The description of Inulae Flos in Pharmacopoeia of People’s Republic of China,such as nature and flavor,meridian,efficacy and indications,is generally consistent with the records in traditional herbal books.
文摘The identification and quality evaluation of Flos carthami were studied using tunable liquid spectral imaging instrument, to discuss the application range and advantages of spectral imaging technology in Chinese medicine identification and quality control field. The Flos carthami was indentified by extracting the normalized characteristic spectral curves of Flos carthami, Crocus sativus and Dendranthema morifolium, which were standard samples supplied by National Institute for Drug Control. The qualities of Flos carthamies collecting from different pharmacies were evaluated by extracting their normalized characteristic spectral curves. The imaging spectrum testing system was designed independently. The spectral resolution was 5 nm, and the spectral range was from 400 nm to 680 nm. The results showed that the normalized characteristic spectral curve of Flos carthami was significantly different from those of Crocus sativus’ and Dendranthema morifolium’s, and the fluorescence intensity of Flos carthami from different commercial sources were different. Spectral imaging technology could be used to identify and evaluate Flos carthami, and operation method was rapid, convenient and non-destructive.
文摘Objectives: Puerariae flos has popularly been used to treat alcoholic disorders. However, the effect of Puerariae flos on alcoholic disorders in the gastrointestinal system has not been identified. We investigated the protective effect of an extract of Puerariae flos against the murine gastric mucosa. Methods: Thomsonide, the extracts containing large amounts of isoflavonoid and triterpenoid saponin, was obtained fr om Puerriae flos via Diaion HP-20 column chromatography using water and 99.5% ethanol. It was investigated whether thomsonide, as well as geranylgeranylacetone (teprenone), a popular anti-ulcer agent developed in Japan, had a cytoprotective effect that might be related to endogenous prostaglandins, which played an important role in preventing gastric mucosal lesions. Results: Thomsonide and teprenone inhibited ethanol-induced gastric lesions. Furthermore, thomsonide increased the production of PGE2 and 6-ketoPGF1α, a stable metabolite of PGI2, in the gastric mucosa, and protective effects of thomsonide, as well as teprenone, against ethanol-induced gastric lesions were attenuated by pretreatment with indomethacin. Conclusions: These findings suggest that thomsonide, as well as teprenone, has the gastro protective effect which may be related to the cytoprotective activity of endogenous prostaglandins. The results of this study also suggest that the gastro protective effect of thomsonide may partially mitigate alcoholic disorders in the gastrointestinal tract, and support our pharmacological belief that Puerariae flos is useful for treatment of alcoholic disorders.
