To gain insight into the molecular and genetic basis of fruit size and shape in cucumber,we conducted Quantitative Trait Locus(QTL)mapping with F2 and BC1F1 populations derived froma cross between the Northern-China t...To gain insight into the molecular and genetic basis of fruit size and shape in cucumber,we conducted Quantitative Trait Locus(QTL)mapping with F2 and BC1F1 populations derived froma cross between the Northern-China type inbred line CNS21 and the Southern-China type inbred line RNS7.Populations were evaluated during two developmental stages,ovary at anthesis and commercial fruit(immature fruit).A total of 13 major-effect QTLs(R2>10%)were detected for six traits,and one of them,fruit shape index 2.1,explained more than 50%of phenotypic variation.All QTLs distributed on chromosome(chr)1 and 2.We constructed a physical map containing almost all of the QTLs with their physical location from previous studies.For fruit size and shape,the highest number of QTLs were mapped on chr1 and chr6,and the fewest number were mapped on chr2 and chr7.At least one consensus region was presented on each chromosome.In addition,three candidate genes were predicted between the long-fruited and round-fruited inbred lines by comparing the sequences of the consensus region of chr3,where many QTLs for marketable fruit length had been detected.Our results provide a base for additional QTLs and molecular markers for fruit size and shape in cucumber breeding.展开更多
Correlations of soil properties and fruit size of Calligonum mongolicum Turcz.and related species were analyzed.The results showed that the particle size characteristics of soils for growing Calligonum mongolicum and ...Correlations of soil properties and fruit size of Calligonum mongolicum Turcz.and related species were analyzed.The results showed that the particle size characteristics of soils for growing Calligonum mongolicum and related species were similar,and the soils belonged to sandyones.The organic matter contents of soils were low (averaging 1.772 to 3.054 g/kg),and the total salt content of soils was low too (averaging 0.471 g/kg).The pH values indicated that the soils were alkaline,varying from pH 7.65 to 10.25.The results of Principal Component Analysis (PCA) and hierarchical cluster showed that 9 habitats could be divided into 6 types according to salt contents and pH values.Fruit sizes of different populations and the soil properties had significant linear correlations (P<0.000).It was concluded that the differences in fruit sizes among the populations of Calligonum mongolicum and related species were related to soil variability,especially the nutrient contents of soils,and fruit size can not be considered as a taxonomic index of Calligonum mongolicum and related species.展开更多
Fruit size is largely defined by the number and size of cells in the fruit.Endoreduplication–a specialized cell cycle–is highly associated with cell expansion during tomato fruit growth.However,how endoreduplication...Fruit size is largely defined by the number and size of cells in the fruit.Endoreduplication–a specialized cell cycle–is highly associated with cell expansion during tomato fruit growth.However,how endoreduplication coupled with cell size is regulated remains poorly understood.In this study,we identified a zinc finger gene SlPZF1(Solanum lycopersicum PERICARP-ASSOCIATED ZINC FINGER PROTEIN 1)that was highly expressed in the pericarp of developing fruits.Plants with altered SlPZF1 expression produced smaller fruits due to the reduction in cell size associated with weakened endoreduplication.Overexpressing SlPZF1 delayed cell division phase by enhancing early expression of several key cell cycle regulators including SlCYCD3;1 and two plant specific mitotic cyclin-dependent protein kinase(SlCDKB1 and SlCDKB2)in the pericarp tissue.Furthermore,we identified 14 putative SlPZF1 interacting proteins(PZFIs)via yeast two hybrid screening.Several PZFIs,including Pre-mRNA-splicing factor(SlSMP1/PZFI4),PAPA-1-like conserved region family protein(PZFI6),Fanconi anemia complex components(PZFI3 and PZFI10)and bHLH transcription factor LONESOME HIGHWAY(SILHW/PZFI14),are putatively involved in cell cycle regulation.Our results demonstrate that fruit growth in tomato requires balanced expression of the novel cell size regulator SlPZF1.展开更多
Fruit size is one of the most important agronomic characters,which is mainly determined by cell number and cell size.However,our current knowledge about pear is largely unknown.Through counting of pear mesocarp cells ...Fruit size is one of the most important agronomic characters,which is mainly determined by cell number and cell size.However,our current knowledge about pear is largely unknown.Through counting of pear mesocarp cells at different stages,we found that the cell number,rather than the cell size,is responsible for the differences between small- and large-fruited cultivars.Fruit weight-2.2(fw2.2) is an important quantitative trait locus(QTL) affecting fruit weight in tomato and functions as a negative regulator in carpel cell division.To get more insights into this QTL in pear fruit development,we isolated two putative homologous fw2.2 genes,which were designated as fw2.2-like(PbFWL) genes.PbFWLs encode Cys-rich proteins with the CCXXXXCPC motif and belong to the PLAC8 superfamily.In addition,results from the subcellular localization indicated that PbFWLs were localized in the plasma membrane.The expression profile of the PbFWL genes by qRT-PCR showed they expressed higher in small-sized fruit cultivar than that in large-sized fruit cultivar during the cell division period.In summary,our data suggest that these two PbFWLs might be negatively related to the cell division in pear fruit.展开更多
The fruit swelling effect of forchlorfenuron( CPPU) and fruit thinning effect of ethychlozate on Tainong 1 mango( Mangifera indica L. cv.) were studied. Spraying 32 mg/L CPPU at 7 and 21 d post flowering for just once...The fruit swelling effect of forchlorfenuron( CPPU) and fruit thinning effect of ethychlozate on Tainong 1 mango( Mangifera indica L. cv.) were studied. Spraying 32 mg/L CPPU at 7 and 21 d post flowering for just once significantly improved the fruit size of mango,but had no significant impact on fruit quality and flavor. Spraying 200 mg/L ethychlozate at 7 d post flowering for just once significantly increased fruit drop rate and single fruit weight of mango; fruit grade was improved and total soluble solid increased to the maximum value,so ethychlozate had good fruit thinning effect.展开更多
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.31672170,31872950 and 31222048)the Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province(Grant No.JQ201309),the Shandong“Double Tops”Program(Grant No.SYL2017YSTD06)the‘Taishan Scholar’Foundation of the People’s Government of Shandong Province(Grant No.ts20130932).
文摘To gain insight into the molecular and genetic basis of fruit size and shape in cucumber,we conducted Quantitative Trait Locus(QTL)mapping with F2 and BC1F1 populations derived froma cross between the Northern-China type inbred line CNS21 and the Southern-China type inbred line RNS7.Populations were evaluated during two developmental stages,ovary at anthesis and commercial fruit(immature fruit).A total of 13 major-effect QTLs(R2>10%)were detected for six traits,and one of them,fruit shape index 2.1,explained more than 50%of phenotypic variation.All QTLs distributed on chromosome(chr)1 and 2.We constructed a physical map containing almost all of the QTLs with their physical location from previous studies.For fruit size and shape,the highest number of QTLs were mapped on chr1 and chr6,and the fewest number were mapped on chr2 and chr7.At least one consensus region was presented on each chromosome.In addition,three candidate genes were predicted between the long-fruited and round-fruited inbred lines by comparing the sequences of the consensus region of chr3,where many QTLs for marketable fruit length had been detected.Our results provide a base for additional QTLs and molecular markers for fruit size and shape in cucumber breeding.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No 31100150)the West Light Talents Cultivation Program of Chinese Academy of Sciences(XBBS 201003)
文摘Correlations of soil properties and fruit size of Calligonum mongolicum Turcz.and related species were analyzed.The results showed that the particle size characteristics of soils for growing Calligonum mongolicum and related species were similar,and the soils belonged to sandyones.The organic matter contents of soils were low (averaging 1.772 to 3.054 g/kg),and the total salt content of soils was low too (averaging 0.471 g/kg).The pH values indicated that the soils were alkaline,varying from pH 7.65 to 10.25.The results of Principal Component Analysis (PCA) and hierarchical cluster showed that 9 habitats could be divided into 6 types according to salt contents and pH values.Fruit sizes of different populations and the soil properties had significant linear correlations (P<0.000).It was concluded that the differences in fruit sizes among the populations of Calligonum mongolicum and related species were related to soil variability,especially the nutrient contents of soils,and fruit size can not be considered as a taxonomic index of Calligonum mongolicum and related species.
基金The work was supported by National Key Research and Development Program of China(2016YFD0101900)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(31672164)Agriculture and Rural Affairs Commission of Shanghai municipality(Agriculture Applied Technology Development Program,HuNongKeGong Grant No.2015-6-1-7).
文摘Fruit size is largely defined by the number and size of cells in the fruit.Endoreduplication–a specialized cell cycle–is highly associated with cell expansion during tomato fruit growth.However,how endoreduplication coupled with cell size is regulated remains poorly understood.In this study,we identified a zinc finger gene SlPZF1(Solanum lycopersicum PERICARP-ASSOCIATED ZINC FINGER PROTEIN 1)that was highly expressed in the pericarp of developing fruits.Plants with altered SlPZF1 expression produced smaller fruits due to the reduction in cell size associated with weakened endoreduplication.Overexpressing SlPZF1 delayed cell division phase by enhancing early expression of several key cell cycle regulators including SlCYCD3;1 and two plant specific mitotic cyclin-dependent protein kinase(SlCDKB1 and SlCDKB2)in the pericarp tissue.Furthermore,we identified 14 putative SlPZF1 interacting proteins(PZFIs)via yeast two hybrid screening.Several PZFIs,including Pre-mRNA-splicing factor(SlSMP1/PZFI4),PAPA-1-like conserved region family protein(PZFI6),Fanconi anemia complex components(PZFI3 and PZFI10)and bHLH transcription factor LONESOME HIGHWAY(SILHW/PZFI14),are putatively involved in cell cycle regulation.Our results demonstrate that fruit growth in tomato requires balanced expression of the novel cell size regulator SlPZF1.
基金supported by the National High-Tech Researchand Development Program of China(2011AA10020604)the Pomology Major Projects of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region of China(201130102-1)the Special Research Projects of National Forestry Industry of Public Benefit,China(201304701-1)
文摘Fruit size is one of the most important agronomic characters,which is mainly determined by cell number and cell size.However,our current knowledge about pear is largely unknown.Through counting of pear mesocarp cells at different stages,we found that the cell number,rather than the cell size,is responsible for the differences between small- and large-fruited cultivars.Fruit weight-2.2(fw2.2) is an important quantitative trait locus(QTL) affecting fruit weight in tomato and functions as a negative regulator in carpel cell division.To get more insights into this QTL in pear fruit development,we isolated two putative homologous fw2.2 genes,which were designated as fw2.2-like(PbFWL) genes.PbFWLs encode Cys-rich proteins with the CCXXXXCPC motif and belong to the PLAC8 superfamily.In addition,results from the subcellular localization indicated that PbFWLs were localized in the plasma membrane.The expression profile of the PbFWL genes by qRT-PCR showed they expressed higher in small-sized fruit cultivar than that in large-sized fruit cultivar during the cell division period.In summary,our data suggest that these two PbFWLs might be negatively related to the cell division in pear fruit.
基金Supported by Natural Science Foundation of Hainan Province(314161)Special Fund for Agro-scientific Research in the Public Interest(201203092)
文摘The fruit swelling effect of forchlorfenuron( CPPU) and fruit thinning effect of ethychlozate on Tainong 1 mango( Mangifera indica L. cv.) were studied. Spraying 32 mg/L CPPU at 7 and 21 d post flowering for just once significantly improved the fruit size of mango,but had no significant impact on fruit quality and flavor. Spraying 200 mg/L ethychlozate at 7 d post flowering for just once significantly increased fruit drop rate and single fruit weight of mango; fruit grade was improved and total soluble solid increased to the maximum value,so ethychlozate had good fruit thinning effect.
