The purpose of this study is to try to find a protocol defining a clinical diagnostic procedure for the patients to be admitted to the authors’ Institute to receive treatment for either suspected or confirmed diagnos...The purpose of this study is to try to find a protocol defining a clinical diagnostic procedure for the patients to be admitted to the authors’ Institute to receive treatment for either suspected or confirmed diagnosis of spine deformity in Prader-Willi syndrome (PWS). The aim is to evaluate every subject from the diagnostic point of view, assessing variability of clinical expression and evolution of spinal deformity in the light of the related genetic aspects, thus providing a univocal protocol. The present series only includes patients (18 cases) with PWS, 7 hospitalized for surgical treatment of scoliosis, 11 followed-up at the authors’ institute only for conservative treatment of scoliosis. Both BMI tracks (weight/height2) and BMI Z-score (only for children older than 2 years) were assessed. Moreover, the GH treatment was evaluated for each group of patients as follows: being administered, suspended or no treatment. Finally, the gene was compared with BMI. No relationship was observed either between GH treatment and mean BMI or between genetics and mean BMI. More patients should be seen by the authors to confirm or refute the current findings.展开更多
Background: Since 2012, the World Health Organization has recommended intermittent preventive treatment with sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine (IPT-SP) to prevent malaria-related complications in pregnant women. Ten years fol...Background: Since 2012, the World Health Organization has recommended intermittent preventive treatment with sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine (IPT-SP) to prevent malaria-related complications in pregnant women. Ten years following these recommendations, we conducted this study to estimate the coverage for three doses of IPT-SP (IPT3) as well as the prevalence of low birth weight (LBW), and its associated factors in Lomé (Togo) in 2021. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted between January and March 2021. An exhaustive recruitment of women and their newborns was carried out in the maternity wards of the Sylvanus Olympio University Hospital Center. Data from antenatal consultations and clinical data of the newborns were collected. Multivariate logistic regression was carried out to determine factors associated with LBW. Results: A total of 252 mother-child pairs were included in this study. Median age of the mothers was 27 years, IQR [24-31]. More than a third (35.3%) of the mothers were primigravida. IPT3 coverage was 66.7% and 14.7% of newborns had a LBW. The prevalence of LBW was 33.3% [23.3-43.4] in women who had received fewer than 3 doses of IPT-SP and 5.4% [2.0-8.8] in those who had received at least 3 doses of IPT-SP (p Conclusion: Ten years following recommendations of the WHO on IPT-SP, malaria prevention based on IPT-SP is not optimal among pregnant women in Lomé, and the proportion of LBW children remains high. Actions to strengthen the three-dose IPT-SP policy are needed to prevent malaria and its consequences among newborns in Togo.展开更多
Tuberculosis(TB)remains a leading cause of death among infectious diseases,particularly in poor countries.Viral infections,multidrug-resistant and ex-tensively drug-resistant TB strains,as well as the coexistence of c...Tuberculosis(TB)remains a leading cause of death among infectious diseases,particularly in poor countries.Viral infections,multidrug-resistant and ex-tensively drug-resistant TB strains,as well as the coexistence of chronic illnesses such as diabetes mellitus(DM)greatly aggravate TB morbidity and mortality.DM[particularly type 2 DM(T2DM)]and TB have converged making their control even more challenging.Two contemporary global epidemics,TB-DM behaves like a syndemic,a synergistic confluence of two highly prevalent diseases.T2DM is a risk factor for developing more severe forms of multi-drug resistant-TB and TB recurrence after preventive treatment.Since a bidirectional relationship exists between TB and DM,it is necessary to concurrently treat both,and promote recommendations for the joint management of both diseases.There are also some drug-drug interactions resulting in adverse treatment outcomes in TB-DM patients including treatment failure,and reinfection.In addition,autophagy may play a role in these comorbidities.Therefore,the TB-DM comorbidities present several health challenges,requiring a focus on multidisciplinary collaboration and integrated strategies,to effectively deal with this double burden.To effectively manage the comorbidity,further screening in affected countries,more suitable drugs,and better treatment strategies are required.展开更多
Circular RNA(circ RNA),classified as a type of non-coding RNA,has gained significant attention in the field of biology due to its distinctive ring structure and functional properties.Recent research has provided evide...Circular RNA(circ RNA),classified as a type of non-coding RNA,has gained significant attention in the field of biology due to its distinctive ring structure and functional properties.Recent research has provided evidence that specific circ RNAs have the ability to modulate disease progression through diverse mechanisms,one of which is by regulating cellular ferroptosis.Ferroptosis is a form of regulated cell death that is driven by iron dependency and lipid peroxidation,and extensive investigations have revealed a relationship between ferroptosis and disease development.In addition to evidence that both circ RNAs and ferroptosis exert critical roles in disease progression,circ RNAs have also been shown to actively mediate the process of ferroptosis.The relationship between circ RNAs and ferroptosis therefore influences disease progression and offers novel targets for disease treatment.By directly or indirectly modulating the expression of circ RNAs that regulate the expression of ferroptosisrelated proteins,it may be possible to impact disease progression by promoting or inhibiting ferroptosis.Current research indicates such approaches may hold significant value in a wide variety of common diseases across physiological systems.This review comprehensively summarizes the findings of recent studies investigating the roles of circ RNAs in the regulation of ferroptosis in various diseases.展开更多
There have been many studies on life cycle assessment in sewage treatment,but there are scarce few studies on the treatment of industrial wastewater in combination with advanced oxidation technology,especially in cata...There have been many studies on life cycle assessment in sewage treatment,but there are scarce few studies on the treatment of industrial wastewater in combination with advanced oxidation technology,especially in catalytic wet air oxidation(CWAO).There are no cases of using actual industrialized data onto life cycle assessment.This paper uses Simapro 9.0 software to establish a life cycle assessment model for the treatment of high-concentration organic wastewater by CWAO,and comprehensively explains the impact on the environment from three aspects:the construction phase,the operation phase and the demolition phase.In addition,sensitivity analysis and uncertainty analysis were performed.The results showed that the key factors affecting the environment were marine ecotoxicity,mineral resource consumption and global warming,the operation stage had the greatest impact on the environment,which was related to high power consumption during operation and emissions from the treatment process.Sensitivity analysis showed that electricity consumption has the greatest impact on abiotic depletion and freshwater aquatic ecotoxicity,and it also proved that global warming is mainly caused by pollutant emissions during operation phase.Monte Carlo simulations found slightly higher uncertainty for abiotic depletion and toxicity-related impact categories.展开更多
Natural foods,such as whole pulses,are recommended in the dietary guidelines of the US and China.The plant cell wall structure in whole pulses has important implications for the nutritional functionalities of starch.I...Natural foods,such as whole pulses,are recommended in the dietary guidelines of the US and China.The plant cell wall structure in whole pulses has important implications for the nutritional functionalities of starch.In this study,garbanzo bean cells with varying degrees of cell wall integrity were subjected to dry heat treatment(DHT)and used to elucidate the food structure-starch digestion properties of pulse food.The morphological features suggested that all cell samples do not exhibit remarkable changes after being subjected to DHT.Molecular rearrangement and the crystallite disruption of starch granules entrapped in cells occurred during DHT as assessed by the crystal structure and thermal properties.DHT decreased the inhibitory effects of enzymes of both the soluble and insoluble components,but the digestion rate and extent of slightly and highly damaged cell samples did not exhibit significant differences compared with their native counterparts.We concluded that the starch digestion of pulse cotyledon cells is primarily determined by the intactness of the cellular structure.This study reveals the role of food structure on the ability to retain the desirable nutritional properties of starch after subjection to physical modification.展开更多
A high thrust-to-weight ratio poses challenges to the high-temperature performance of Ni-based superalloys. The oxidation behavior of GH4738 at extreme temperatures has been investigated by isothermal and non-isotherm...A high thrust-to-weight ratio poses challenges to the high-temperature performance of Ni-based superalloys. The oxidation behavior of GH4738 at extreme temperatures has been investigated by isothermal and non-isothermal experiments. As a result of the competitive diffusion of alloying elements, the oxide scale included an outermost porous oxide layer (OOL), an inner relatively dense oxide layer (IOL), and an internal oxide zone (IOZ), depending on the temperature and time. A high temperature led to the formation of large voids at the IOL/IOZ interface. At 1200℃, the continuity of the Cr-rich oxide layer in the IOL was destroyed, and thus, spallation occurred. Extension of oxidation time contributed to the size of Al-rich oxide particles with the increase in the IOZ. Based on this finding,the oxidation kinetics of GH4738 was discussed, and the corresponding oxidation behavior at 900-1100℃ was predicted.展开更多
Dear Editor,I would like to congratulate the author on their excellent paper. With great interest, I read Al-Mohaimeed et al’s study[1]“Factors affecting single-step transepithelial photorefractive keratectomy outco...Dear Editor,I would like to congratulate the author on their excellent paper. With great interest, I read Al-Mohaimeed et al’s study[1]“Factors affecting single-step transepithelial photorefractive keratectomy outcome in the treatment of mild,moderate, and high myopia:a cohort study”.展开更多
The wear behavior of an as-received Mg-Zn-Y-Zr alloy before and after a facile heat treatment was investigated under sliding in air and 0.5 wt.%NaCl solution.Results revealed that the wear resistance of the alloy was ...The wear behavior of an as-received Mg-Zn-Y-Zr alloy before and after a facile heat treatment was investigated under sliding in air and 0.5 wt.%NaCl solution.Results revealed that the wear resistance of the alloy was remarkably enhanced after the heat treatment,irrespective of testing condition.The wear mechanism was predominantly abrasive wear accompanied by oxidation under the dry sliding condition,while corrosive wear was dominant under sliding in the NaCl solution.The superior corrosive wear resistance was attributed to the homogenous distribution of fine I-phase precipitates in the alloy by the heat treatment,leading to a reduction in wear,corrosion as well as wear-corrosion synergy.The wear-accelerated corrosion rate was remarkably alleviated after the heat treatment.展开更多
Magnesium-based materials show great potential for producing biodegradable stents,but their high corrosion rates are a roadblock.This study investigates whether ultrasound melt treatment can change the corrosion respo...Magnesium-based materials show great potential for producing biodegradable stents,but their high corrosion rates are a roadblock.This study investigates whether ultrasound melt treatment can change the corrosion response of an extruded AZ91D-1.0%Ca(wt.%)in Earle's Balanced Salt Solution by tailoring the intermetallics'morphology in the as-extruded state.The results showed that the wires from ultrasound-treated ingots corroded faster than non-treated ones in immersion for up to 6 hours.This trend shifted for longer periods,and ultrasound-treated material showed lower corrosion rates and uniform corrosion,while the non-treated material displayed localized corrosion signs.Tensile testing of the wires demonstrated that immersion in EBSS lowered the tensile strength and elongation at fracture due to material degradation,regardless of the processing route.Nonetheless,this decline was sharper in the non-treated material.These findings suggest that ultrasound melt processing can be a promising method for improving the corrosion resistance of magnesium-based materials,paving the way for their use in manufacturing biodegradable stents.展开更多
文摘The purpose of this study is to try to find a protocol defining a clinical diagnostic procedure for the patients to be admitted to the authors’ Institute to receive treatment for either suspected or confirmed diagnosis of spine deformity in Prader-Willi syndrome (PWS). The aim is to evaluate every subject from the diagnostic point of view, assessing variability of clinical expression and evolution of spinal deformity in the light of the related genetic aspects, thus providing a univocal protocol. The present series only includes patients (18 cases) with PWS, 7 hospitalized for surgical treatment of scoliosis, 11 followed-up at the authors’ institute only for conservative treatment of scoliosis. Both BMI tracks (weight/height2) and BMI Z-score (only for children older than 2 years) were assessed. Moreover, the GH treatment was evaluated for each group of patients as follows: being administered, suspended or no treatment. Finally, the gene was compared with BMI. No relationship was observed either between GH treatment and mean BMI or between genetics and mean BMI. More patients should be seen by the authors to confirm or refute the current findings.
文摘Background: Since 2012, the World Health Organization has recommended intermittent preventive treatment with sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine (IPT-SP) to prevent malaria-related complications in pregnant women. Ten years following these recommendations, we conducted this study to estimate the coverage for three doses of IPT-SP (IPT3) as well as the prevalence of low birth weight (LBW), and its associated factors in Lomé (Togo) in 2021. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted between January and March 2021. An exhaustive recruitment of women and their newborns was carried out in the maternity wards of the Sylvanus Olympio University Hospital Center. Data from antenatal consultations and clinical data of the newborns were collected. Multivariate logistic regression was carried out to determine factors associated with LBW. Results: A total of 252 mother-child pairs were included in this study. Median age of the mothers was 27 years, IQR [24-31]. More than a third (35.3%) of the mothers were primigravida. IPT3 coverage was 66.7% and 14.7% of newborns had a LBW. The prevalence of LBW was 33.3% [23.3-43.4] in women who had received fewer than 3 doses of IPT-SP and 5.4% [2.0-8.8] in those who had received at least 3 doses of IPT-SP (p Conclusion: Ten years following recommendations of the WHO on IPT-SP, malaria prevention based on IPT-SP is not optimal among pregnant women in Lomé, and the proportion of LBW children remains high. Actions to strengthen the three-dose IPT-SP policy are needed to prevent malaria and its consequences among newborns in Togo.
文摘Tuberculosis(TB)remains a leading cause of death among infectious diseases,particularly in poor countries.Viral infections,multidrug-resistant and ex-tensively drug-resistant TB strains,as well as the coexistence of chronic illnesses such as diabetes mellitus(DM)greatly aggravate TB morbidity and mortality.DM[particularly type 2 DM(T2DM)]and TB have converged making their control even more challenging.Two contemporary global epidemics,TB-DM behaves like a syndemic,a synergistic confluence of two highly prevalent diseases.T2DM is a risk factor for developing more severe forms of multi-drug resistant-TB and TB recurrence after preventive treatment.Since a bidirectional relationship exists between TB and DM,it is necessary to concurrently treat both,and promote recommendations for the joint management of both diseases.There are also some drug-drug interactions resulting in adverse treatment outcomes in TB-DM patients including treatment failure,and reinfection.In addition,autophagy may play a role in these comorbidities.Therefore,the TB-DM comorbidities present several health challenges,requiring a focus on multidisciplinary collaboration and integrated strategies,to effectively deal with this double burden.To effectively manage the comorbidity,further screening in affected countries,more suitable drugs,and better treatment strategies are required.
基金Key Clinical Specialty Project of Beijing,Grant/Award Number:2020National Natural Science Foundation of China,Grant/Award Number:82072337 and 82272407。
文摘Circular RNA(circ RNA),classified as a type of non-coding RNA,has gained significant attention in the field of biology due to its distinctive ring structure and functional properties.Recent research has provided evidence that specific circ RNAs have the ability to modulate disease progression through diverse mechanisms,one of which is by regulating cellular ferroptosis.Ferroptosis is a form of regulated cell death that is driven by iron dependency and lipid peroxidation,and extensive investigations have revealed a relationship between ferroptosis and disease development.In addition to evidence that both circ RNAs and ferroptosis exert critical roles in disease progression,circ RNAs have also been shown to actively mediate the process of ferroptosis.The relationship between circ RNAs and ferroptosis therefore influences disease progression and offers novel targets for disease treatment.By directly or indirectly modulating the expression of circ RNAs that regulate the expression of ferroptosisrelated proteins,it may be possible to impact disease progression by promoting or inhibiting ferroptosis.Current research indicates such approaches may hold significant value in a wide variety of common diseases across physiological systems.This review comprehensively summarizes the findings of recent studies investigating the roles of circ RNAs in the regulation of ferroptosis in various diseases.
基金supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(52100072,52100213)the Fundamental Research FundsfortheCentralUniversities(JZ2021HGTA0159,JZ2021HGQA0212)+2 种基金the Strategic Priority Research Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(XDA21021101)the Scientific Research Common Program of Beijing Municipal Commission of Education(KM202010017006)the Beijing Natural Science Foundation(8214056)。
文摘There have been many studies on life cycle assessment in sewage treatment,but there are scarce few studies on the treatment of industrial wastewater in combination with advanced oxidation technology,especially in catalytic wet air oxidation(CWAO).There are no cases of using actual industrialized data onto life cycle assessment.This paper uses Simapro 9.0 software to establish a life cycle assessment model for the treatment of high-concentration organic wastewater by CWAO,and comprehensively explains the impact on the environment from three aspects:the construction phase,the operation phase and the demolition phase.In addition,sensitivity analysis and uncertainty analysis were performed.The results showed that the key factors affecting the environment were marine ecotoxicity,mineral resource consumption and global warming,the operation stage had the greatest impact on the environment,which was related to high power consumption during operation and emissions from the treatment process.Sensitivity analysis showed that electricity consumption has the greatest impact on abiotic depletion and freshwater aquatic ecotoxicity,and it also proved that global warming is mainly caused by pollutant emissions during operation phase.Monte Carlo simulations found slightly higher uncertainty for abiotic depletion and toxicity-related impact categories.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(31701546)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities of China(2019ZD40)+5 种基金the 111 Project(B17018)for financial supportPearl River Talent Recruitment Program of Guangdong Province(2017GC010229)the Pearl River Nova Program of Guangzhou(201906010079)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(32001691)the special fund for scientific innovation strategyconstruction of high-level academy of agriculture science(R2019YJYB1001)the Application-oriented Projects of Guangdong Province(2017B020232002)。
文摘Natural foods,such as whole pulses,are recommended in the dietary guidelines of the US and China.The plant cell wall structure in whole pulses has important implications for the nutritional functionalities of starch.In this study,garbanzo bean cells with varying degrees of cell wall integrity were subjected to dry heat treatment(DHT)and used to elucidate the food structure-starch digestion properties of pulse food.The morphological features suggested that all cell samples do not exhibit remarkable changes after being subjected to DHT.Molecular rearrangement and the crystallite disruption of starch granules entrapped in cells occurred during DHT as assessed by the crystal structure and thermal properties.DHT decreased the inhibitory effects of enzymes of both the soluble and insoluble components,but the digestion rate and extent of slightly and highly damaged cell samples did not exhibit significant differences compared with their native counterparts.We concluded that the starch digestion of pulse cotyledon cells is primarily determined by the intactness of the cellular structure.This study reveals the role of food structure on the ability to retain the desirable nutritional properties of starch after subjection to physical modification.
基金financially supported by the National Key R&D Program of China (No.2021YFB3700400)the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos.52074030,51904021,and 52174294)。
文摘A high thrust-to-weight ratio poses challenges to the high-temperature performance of Ni-based superalloys. The oxidation behavior of GH4738 at extreme temperatures has been investigated by isothermal and non-isothermal experiments. As a result of the competitive diffusion of alloying elements, the oxide scale included an outermost porous oxide layer (OOL), an inner relatively dense oxide layer (IOL), and an internal oxide zone (IOZ), depending on the temperature and time. A high temperature led to the formation of large voids at the IOL/IOZ interface. At 1200℃, the continuity of the Cr-rich oxide layer in the IOL was destroyed, and thus, spallation occurred. Extension of oxidation time contributed to the size of Al-rich oxide particles with the increase in the IOZ. Based on this finding,the oxidation kinetics of GH4738 was discussed, and the corresponding oxidation behavior at 900-1100℃ was predicted.
文摘Dear Editor,I would like to congratulate the author on their excellent paper. With great interest, I read Al-Mohaimeed et al’s study[1]“Factors affecting single-step transepithelial photorefractive keratectomy outcome in the treatment of mild,moderate, and high myopia:a cohort study”.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China Projects under Grant[Nos.5207011217,51871211 and 51701129]。
文摘The wear behavior of an as-received Mg-Zn-Y-Zr alloy before and after a facile heat treatment was investigated under sliding in air and 0.5 wt.%NaCl solution.Results revealed that the wear resistance of the alloy was remarkably enhanced after the heat treatment,irrespective of testing condition.The wear mechanism was predominantly abrasive wear accompanied by oxidation under the dry sliding condition,while corrosive wear was dominant under sliding in the NaCl solution.The superior corrosive wear resistance was attributed to the homogenous distribution of fine I-phase precipitates in the alloy by the heat treatment,leading to a reduction in wear,corrosion as well as wear-corrosion synergy.The wear-accelerated corrosion rate was remarkably alleviated after the heat treatment.
基金This work was supported by Portuguese FCT under the project UIDB/04436/2020the doctoral grant PD/BD/140094/2018 and SFRH/BD/145285/2019.
文摘Magnesium-based materials show great potential for producing biodegradable stents,but their high corrosion rates are a roadblock.This study investigates whether ultrasound melt treatment can change the corrosion response of an extruded AZ91D-1.0%Ca(wt.%)in Earle's Balanced Salt Solution by tailoring the intermetallics'morphology in the as-extruded state.The results showed that the wires from ultrasound-treated ingots corroded faster than non-treated ones in immersion for up to 6 hours.This trend shifted for longer periods,and ultrasound-treated material showed lower corrosion rates and uniform corrosion,while the non-treated material displayed localized corrosion signs.Tensile testing of the wires demonstrated that immersion in EBSS lowered the tensile strength and elongation at fracture due to material degradation,regardless of the processing route.Nonetheless,this decline was sharper in the non-treated material.These findings suggest that ultrasound melt processing can be a promising method for improving the corrosion resistance of magnesium-based materials,paving the way for their use in manufacturing biodegradable stents.
