Moisture-enabled electricity(ME)is a method of converting the potential energy of water in the external environment into electrical energy through the interaction of functional materials with water molecules and can b...Moisture-enabled electricity(ME)is a method of converting the potential energy of water in the external environment into electrical energy through the interaction of functional materials with water molecules and can be directly applied to energy harvesting and signal expression.However,ME can be unreliable in numerous applications due to its sluggish response to moisture,thus sacrificing the value of fast energy harvesting and highly accurate information representation.Here,by constructing a moisture-electric-moisture-sensitive(ME-MS)heterostructure,we develop an efficient ME generator with ultra-fast electric response to moisture achieved by triggering Grotthuss protons hopping in the sensitized ZnO,which modulates the heterostructure built-in interfacial potential,enables quick response(0.435 s),an unprecedented ultra-fast response rate of 972.4 mV s^(−1),and a durable electrical signal output for 8 h without any attenuation.Our research provides an efficient way to generate electricity and important insight for a deeper understanding of the mechanisms of moisture-generated carrier migration in ME generator,which has a more comprehensive working scene and can serve as a typical model for human health monitoring and smart medical electronics design.展开更多
Single crystals of LaP3O9·3H2O were prepared using a classical method of aqueous chemistry whereas those of the ultraphosphate LaP5O14 were obtained by flux method.Thermal treatment of LaP3O9·3H2O up to 700 ...Single crystals of LaP3O9·3H2O were prepared using a classical method of aqueous chemistry whereas those of the ultraphosphate LaP5O14 were obtained by flux method.Thermal treatment of LaP3O9·3H2O up to 700 °C allowed us to obtain the lanthanum polyphosphate La(PO3)3.The conductivity as well as the vibrational study of the lanthanum ultraphosphate and polyphosphate were analysed in order to explain the mechanism of conduction.Activation energies of 0.45 and 0.84 eV,deduced from the Arrhenius relation,were r...展开更多
Protic organic ionic plastic crystals(POIPCs)are promising solid-state proton conductor materials in anhydrous proton exchange membrane fuel cells,due to their mechanical flexibility and high ionic conductivity in the...Protic organic ionic plastic crystals(POIPCs)are promising solid-state proton conductor materials in anhydrous proton exchange membrane fuel cells,due to their mechanical flexibility and high ionic conductivity in the plastic crystal phase.In typical POIPCs,the ions are orientationally disordered while the centers of mass are ordered(positional order)like the crystal phase.The local disorder provides more degrees of freedom for the translational and rotational diffusion of ions,thus enhancing proton conduction either via the vehicle mechanism or the Grotthuss mechanism.Yet the local dynamics and the interactions of the cations and anions during the proton transfer process are far from being fully understood.Here,we performed Car–Parrinello molecular dynamics(CPMD)simulation on the imidazolium methanesulfate([ImH][CH_(3)SO_(3)])unit cell.By artificially creating one proton hole,we found that a proton can hop directly between the cations.Though the anion is not directly involved in proton hopping,the oxygen atom in the sulfonate group interacts with the proton and has a synergetic motion along with the proton hopping process.This indicates the structural disorder of imidazolium rings and the aid of an anion can facilitate Grotthuss-type proton hopping in imidazolium-based POIPCs.展开更多
High-concentration electrolytes are considered a promising tool for widening stable electrochemical windows and enhancing the electrochemical performance of aqueous batteries.However,their high cost,high viscosity,and...High-concentration electrolytes are considered a promising tool for widening stable electrochemical windows and enhancing the electrochemical performance of aqueous batteries.However,their high cost,high viscosity,and low conductivity remain thorny issues.Because of the special Grotthuss mechanism of protons in water,proton batteries can use a low-concentration electrolyte to obtain sufficient kinetic performance.Herein,we present an unusual,ultralowconcentration sulfuric acid(0.01 mol L)electrolyte to boost the electrochemical stability of K-ion pre-intercalated VO(KVO,KVO).The KVO electrode exhibits a high reversible capacity of approximately 129 mA h g^(-1)at a low current density of 50 mA g^(-1)and impressive capacity retention of78%over 20,000 cycles at 1 A g^(-1).Ultralow-concentration electrolyte chemistry will open a novel route to exploit durable and low-cost aqueous energy storage systems.展开更多
基金the Natural Science Foundation of Beijing Municipality(2222075)National Natural Science Foundation of China(22279010,21671020,51673026)Analysis&Testing Center,Beijing Institute of Technology.
文摘Moisture-enabled electricity(ME)is a method of converting the potential energy of water in the external environment into electrical energy through the interaction of functional materials with water molecules and can be directly applied to energy harvesting and signal expression.However,ME can be unreliable in numerous applications due to its sluggish response to moisture,thus sacrificing the value of fast energy harvesting and highly accurate information representation.Here,by constructing a moisture-electric-moisture-sensitive(ME-MS)heterostructure,we develop an efficient ME generator with ultra-fast electric response to moisture achieved by triggering Grotthuss protons hopping in the sensitized ZnO,which modulates the heterostructure built-in interfacial potential,enables quick response(0.435 s),an unprecedented ultra-fast response rate of 972.4 mV s^(−1),and a durable electrical signal output for 8 h without any attenuation.Our research provides an efficient way to generate electricity and important insight for a deeper understanding of the mechanisms of moisture-generated carrier migration in ME generator,which has a more comprehensive working scene and can serve as a typical model for human health monitoring and smart medical electronics design.
基金supported by the Ministry of Higher Education,Scientific Research and Technology of Tunisia
文摘Single crystals of LaP3O9·3H2O were prepared using a classical method of aqueous chemistry whereas those of the ultraphosphate LaP5O14 were obtained by flux method.Thermal treatment of LaP3O9·3H2O up to 700 °C allowed us to obtain the lanthanum polyphosphate La(PO3)3.The conductivity as well as the vibrational study of the lanthanum ultraphosphate and polyphosphate were analysed in order to explain the mechanism of conduction.Activation energies of 0.45 and 0.84 eV,deduced from the Arrhenius relation,were r...
基金financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.21573112,No.21703106 and No.21776120)funding from the starting grant(‘One Hundred Talent Program’)from Sichuan University(project No.:YJ202089)the Innovative Teaching Reform Project for Postgraduate Education of Sichuan University(project No.:GSALK2020009)。
文摘Protic organic ionic plastic crystals(POIPCs)are promising solid-state proton conductor materials in anhydrous proton exchange membrane fuel cells,due to their mechanical flexibility and high ionic conductivity in the plastic crystal phase.In typical POIPCs,the ions are orientationally disordered while the centers of mass are ordered(positional order)like the crystal phase.The local disorder provides more degrees of freedom for the translational and rotational diffusion of ions,thus enhancing proton conduction either via the vehicle mechanism or the Grotthuss mechanism.Yet the local dynamics and the interactions of the cations and anions during the proton transfer process are far from being fully understood.Here,we performed Car–Parrinello molecular dynamics(CPMD)simulation on the imidazolium methanesulfate([ImH][CH_(3)SO_(3)])unit cell.By artificially creating one proton hole,we found that a proton can hop directly between the cations.Though the anion is not directly involved in proton hopping,the oxygen atom in the sulfonate group interacts with the proton and has a synergetic motion along with the proton hopping process.This indicates the structural disorder of imidazolium rings and the aid of an anion can facilitate Grotthuss-type proton hopping in imidazolium-based POIPCs.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(52102264)the Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province(BK20200826)+2 种基金the Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions(20KJB430018)the Startup Foundation for Introducing Talent of NUIST(2020r023)Jiangsu Provincial Scientific Research and Practice Innovation Program(KYCX21_0991)。
文摘High-concentration electrolytes are considered a promising tool for widening stable electrochemical windows and enhancing the electrochemical performance of aqueous batteries.However,their high cost,high viscosity,and low conductivity remain thorny issues.Because of the special Grotthuss mechanism of protons in water,proton batteries can use a low-concentration electrolyte to obtain sufficient kinetic performance.Herein,we present an unusual,ultralowconcentration sulfuric acid(0.01 mol L)electrolyte to boost the electrochemical stability of K-ion pre-intercalated VO(KVO,KVO).The KVO electrode exhibits a high reversible capacity of approximately 129 mA h g^(-1)at a low current density of 50 mA g^(-1)and impressive capacity retention of78%over 20,000 cycles at 1 A g^(-1).Ultralow-concentration electrolyte chemistry will open a novel route to exploit durable and low-cost aqueous energy storage systems.
