Gymnastics is a discipline that has some factors that differentiate from other sports, such as: force, postural control on movement, extreme range of motion, and of the body expression. The objec- tive of the present ...Gymnastics is a discipline that has some factors that differentiate from other sports, such as: force, postural control on movement, extreme range of motion, and of the body expression. The objec- tive of the present paper was to compare: somatotype, body composition and energy availability in female gymnasts students in search for a better sport performance. We evaluated 24 healthy female children aged 7 - 12 years by means of a nutritional and anthropometric examinations, somatotype and body composition calculation, and energy availability measurement. We observed a low consumption of real calories intake, carbohydrates, and low amount of the real body weight mesurements among gymnatics students. Mesomorphic and ectomorfic somatotypes were the more frequent somatotypes found. Moreover, we saw significant differences in body composition and in energy availability among the differente somatotypes in student of gymnastics. Differences were located between endomorphic, mesomorphic, and ectomorphic somatotype groups in body composition while in energy availability were among mesomorphic-ectomorphic, and between endomorphic-ectomorphic groups. In conclusion, our data had important implications for per- formance of gymnastics in students and were discussed here.展开更多
The purpose of this study was to evaluate if Exercise Science students perceived their professors having high intelligence, based on a certain somatotype. A survey was conducted on 107 Exercise Science students at a M...The purpose of this study was to evaluate if Exercise Science students perceived their professors having high intelligence, based on a certain somatotype. A survey was conducted on 107 Exercise Science students at a Midwestern public university. Each student was shown pictures （male and female） of Sheldon＇s three somatotypes （ectomorph, endomorph, and mesomorph） and asked one question about their impression from each photo. A Wilks＇ Lambda distribution concluded at least two of the means for each somatotype group were significantly different. A pairwise comparison analysis was conducted which indicated that all of the group means were different from each other. Upon further examination of the data, a statistical significance was found using a multinomial logistic regression. The researchers＇ hypothesis was confirmed in that there was a difference in opinion regarding students＇ perception on Exercise Science professors＇. In conclusion, this study demonstrates that overweight people are also often perceived as less intelligent, unpopular, and unsuccessful than people of average weight. The findings in this study do support the outcomes of the research from previous investigations.展开更多
Objectives:This study examined the hypothesis that whether any significant differences exist or not in individual temperament and somatotype components in young athletes.Methods:The cross-sectional study was carried o...Objectives:This study examined the hypothesis that whether any significant differences exist or not in individual temperament and somatotype components in young athletes.Methods:The cross-sectional study was carried out with 202 male athletes(age=23 years±2.7,mean±SE).They were categorized into four groups according to their temperaments by using a questionnaire.Also,the Heath-Carter method was applied to estimate the somatotype components.One-Way ANOVA followed by Scheffe’s tests was organized(p<0.05)for data analysis.Results:In this research,the highest mesomorphy,ectomorphy and endomorphy components were observed in the Blood,Yellow Bile and Phlegm temperaments,respectively with means of 6.1±0.28,3.9±0.11,and 5.9±0.32.Also,a significant difference was observed between Blood temperament and mesomorphy component(p<0.001)but Blood temperament had insignificant differences with other studied somatotype components(p>0.05).Ectomorphy and mesomorphy components significantly differ among Yellow Bile temperament(p<0.05),while an insignificant difference was found between Yellow Bile temperament and endomorphy component(p>0.05).Significant differences also were showed between Black Bile temperament and all somatotype components(p<0.05).Among Phlegm temperament and endomorphy component was a significant difference(p<0.001),but there were no significant differences between the Phlegm temperament and the other two somatotype components(p>0.05).Conclusions:Given the importance of body type in sports performance,current findings suggest that coaches should be aware of the individual temperaments which could serve as a guide to design special training schedules for athletes.展开更多
文摘Gymnastics is a discipline that has some factors that differentiate from other sports, such as: force, postural control on movement, extreme range of motion, and of the body expression. The objec- tive of the present paper was to compare: somatotype, body composition and energy availability in female gymnasts students in search for a better sport performance. We evaluated 24 healthy female children aged 7 - 12 years by means of a nutritional and anthropometric examinations, somatotype and body composition calculation, and energy availability measurement. We observed a low consumption of real calories intake, carbohydrates, and low amount of the real body weight mesurements among gymnatics students. Mesomorphic and ectomorfic somatotypes were the more frequent somatotypes found. Moreover, we saw significant differences in body composition and in energy availability among the differente somatotypes in student of gymnastics. Differences were located between endomorphic, mesomorphic, and ectomorphic somatotype groups in body composition while in energy availability were among mesomorphic-ectomorphic, and between endomorphic-ectomorphic groups. In conclusion, our data had important implications for per- formance of gymnastics in students and were discussed here.
文摘The purpose of this study was to evaluate if Exercise Science students perceived their professors having high intelligence, based on a certain somatotype. A survey was conducted on 107 Exercise Science students at a Midwestern public university. Each student was shown pictures （male and female） of Sheldon＇s three somatotypes （ectomorph, endomorph, and mesomorph） and asked one question about their impression from each photo. A Wilks＇ Lambda distribution concluded at least two of the means for each somatotype group were significantly different. A pairwise comparison analysis was conducted which indicated that all of the group means were different from each other. Upon further examination of the data, a statistical significance was found using a multinomial logistic regression. The researchers＇ hypothesis was confirmed in that there was a difference in opinion regarding students＇ perception on Exercise Science professors＇. In conclusion, this study demonstrates that overweight people are also often perceived as less intelligent, unpopular, and unsuccessful than people of average weight. The findings in this study do support the outcomes of the research from previous investigations.
文摘Objectives:This study examined the hypothesis that whether any significant differences exist or not in individual temperament and somatotype components in young athletes.Methods:The cross-sectional study was carried out with 202 male athletes(age=23 years±2.7,mean±SE).They were categorized into four groups according to their temperaments by using a questionnaire.Also,the Heath-Carter method was applied to estimate the somatotype components.One-Way ANOVA followed by Scheffe’s tests was organized(p<0.05)for data analysis.Results:In this research,the highest mesomorphy,ectomorphy and endomorphy components were observed in the Blood,Yellow Bile and Phlegm temperaments,respectively with means of 6.1±0.28,3.9±0.11,and 5.9±0.32.Also,a significant difference was observed between Blood temperament and mesomorphy component(p<0.001)but Blood temperament had insignificant differences with other studied somatotype components(p>0.05).Ectomorphy and mesomorphy components significantly differ among Yellow Bile temperament(p<0.05),while an insignificant difference was found between Yellow Bile temperament and endomorphy component(p>0.05).Significant differences also were showed between Black Bile temperament and all somatotype components(p<0.05).Among Phlegm temperament and endomorphy component was a significant difference(p<0.001),but there were no significant differences between the Phlegm temperament and the other two somatotype components(p>0.05).Conclusions:Given the importance of body type in sports performance,current findings suggest that coaches should be aware of the individual temperaments which could serve as a guide to design special training schedules for athletes.
