Diabetes mellitus(DM)is characterized by hyperglycemia and abnormalities in insulin secretion and activity.There are numerous hematological parameters;however,this review article only focuses on red blood cells,hemogl...Diabetes mellitus(DM)is characterized by hyperglycemia and abnormalities in insulin secretion and activity.There are numerous hematological parameters;however,this review article only focuses on red blood cells,hemoglobin,hematocrit,red blood cell indices,platelet count,white blood cells,lymphocytes,neutrophils,monocytes,eosinophils,neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio,platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio,and monocyte-to-lymphocyte ratio,which play an essential role in the pathogenesis of DM.Also,this review article aims to report the relationship between these hematological parameters and the development of DM.In con-clusion,this article shows that increased levels of platelets,red blood cells,hematocrit,lymphocytes,eosinophils,neutrophils,neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio,platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio,and monocyte-to-lymphocyte ratio and decreased levels of hemoglobin are involved in the pathogenesis of DM.However,the role of basophils in DM is unknown yet.展开更多
Background:Dengue fever(DF)and malaria are the two major public health concerns in tropical countries such as Thailand.Early differentiation between dengue and malaria could help clinicians to identify patients who sh...Background:Dengue fever(DF)and malaria are the two major public health concerns in tropical countries such as Thailand.Early differentiation between dengue and malaria could help clinicians to identify patients who should be closely monitored for signs of dengue hemorrhagic fever or severe malaria.This study aims to build knowledge on diagnostic markers that are used to discriminate between the infections,which frequently occur in malaria-endemic areas,such as the ones in Thailand.Methods:A retrospective study was conducted in Phop Phra Hospital,a hospital located in the Thailand-Burma border area,a malaria-endemic area,between 2013 and 2015.In brief,data on 336 patients infected with malaria were compared to data on 347 patients infected with DF.Results:White blood cells,neutrophil,monocyte,eosinophil,neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio,and monocyte-lymphocyte ratio were significantly lower in patients with DF compared to patients with malaria(P<0.0001).In contrast,red blood cells,hemoglobin,hematocrit,mean corpuscular volume,mean corpuscular hemoglobin,and mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration were significantly higher in patients with DF as compared to patients with malaria(P<0.0001).A decision tree model revealed that using neutrophils,lymphocyte,MCHC,and gender was guided to discriminate between dengue and malaria infection.Conclusion:This study concluded that several hematological parameters were different for diagnosing DF and malaria.A decision tree model revealed that using neutrophils,lymphocyte,MCHC,and gender was guided to discriminate patients with dengue and malaria infection.In addition,using these markers will thus lead to early detection,diagnosis,and prompt treatment of these tropical diseases.展开更多
<b><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Introduction: </span></b><span style="font-family:;" "=""><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Sickl...<b><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Introduction: </span></b><span style="font-family:;" "=""><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Sickle cell disease is a public health problem in the Republic of Congo where the prevalence of sickle cell trait is estimated at 1.25%. The objective of this study is to describe the variations of hematological and biochemical parameters of hemolysis in sickle cell patients in critical and inter-critical periods. </span><b><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Methods:</span></b><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> This is a descriptive cross-sectional study including sickle cell patients followed regularly at the National Reference Center for Sickle Cell Disease (CNRDr) from November 2019 to March 2020. A sample of 167 patients (sickle cell subjects in crisis and in steady state as well as control subjects) was randomly selected during the study period. The blood count was performed using a Sysmex-XN 350 automated system and the biochemical parameters were determined using the Cobas e 311 automated system. Statistical analysis was performed with SPSS version 22 software. </span><b><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Results:</span></b><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> The study showed that the mean cholesterol level in controls was 4.16 ± 0.77 ul compared with 9.64 ± 4.34 ul in sickle cell crisis subjects. Hb and HCT levels were significantly higher in controls compared with sickle cell subjects in crisis. During crisis, total bilirubin, direct bilirubin, triglycerides, LDH, AST, and CRP were significantly elevated. Hematological parameters such as Hb and HCT were elevated in controls, while the mean WBC value and RET were higher in sickle cell patients in steady state. The mean values of the biochemical parameters were higher in sickle cell patients in steady state. </span><b><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Conclusion:</span></b><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> Evaluation of the influence of sickle cell trait on biochemical and hematological parameters showed significant differences between sickle cell and control subjects.</span></span>展开更多
Momordica foetida is a plant widely used in tropical Africa to manage gastroenteric diseases. Previous studies demonstrated interesting antibacterial activity against human pathogenic bacteria. However, the security o...Momordica foetida is a plant widely used in tropical Africa to manage gastroenteric diseases. Previous studies demonstrated interesting antibacterial activity against human pathogenic bacteria. However, the security or toxicity of methanol leaf extract has not been determined yet. The aim of this study was to evaluate the acute and sub-acute toxicity of the leaf extract of Momordica foetida. In the acute toxicity study, a single oral dose of 5000 mg/kg body weight was administered to rats which were observed for 14 days in order to identify signs of toxicity or death. In the sub-acute toxicity, the animals were treated with 250, 500 and 1000 mg/kg of the extract for 28 consecutive days. Body weights and behavior were noted throughout the experiment. Upon treatment, blood and urine were collected for hematological and biochemical analysis. Liver, lungs, heart, kidneys, testes and ovaries were analyzed for relative weights and histopathology. The acute toxicity study of M. foetida leaf extract revealed no signs of toxicity related to the treatment, indicating that the median-lethal-dose (LD50) value is greater than 5000 mg/Kg of body weight. In the sub-acute toxicity assay, the extract did not affect the general behavior of animals, meanwhile, it led to a significant increase in the levels of red blood cells, platelets, hemoglobin, granulocytes and Mid-Cells (MIDs). Biochemical parameters showed an increase in total cholesterol, HDL cholesterol, serum urea, serum and urinary glucose and a decrease in urinary proteins, serum creatinine, urinary urea levels, serum activities of AST, ALT and proteins levels, as well as increases in lung, spleen and ovaries relative weight were noticed, all compared to control animals. Histological analysis revealed a normal architecture of kidneys, liver, heart, lung, ovaries and testes. This study provides valuable data on the safety of per os administration of Momordica foetida leaf methanol extract that could be very useful for future assays.展开更多
Bridelia micrantha, commonly known as coastal golden leaf, is a member of the family Phyllanthaceae. In preliminary studies nine fractions, named F1 - F9, were obtained by fractionating the crude methanol extract of t...Bridelia micrantha, commonly known as coastal golden leaf, is a member of the family Phyllanthaceae. In preliminary studies nine fractions, named F1 - F9, were obtained by fractionating the crude methanol extract of the stem bark of Bridelia micrantha using column chromatographic techniques. The fraction F6 was the most active when tested for antibacterial activity. Thus, toxicity of this fraction was investigated for further use. The present study evaluated the acute and sub-chronic toxicity of the crude methanolic bark extract of Bridelia micrantha and its fraction. The acute toxicity was carried out according to the experimental protocol of Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD). The plant extract or the fraction F<sub>6</sub> was administered orally to female mice at a single dose of 2000 mg/kg and the animals were observed for any behavioral changes or mortality for 14 days. In the sub-chronic toxicity study, the extract and fraction were administered orally at 200, 400 and 800 mg/kg bw/day for 28 days to healthy Wistar rats. The general behavior and body weight of the rats were recorded daily. At the end of the experimental period, hematological and biochemical analyses, changes in vital organ weight (liver, lung, heart, spleen and kidney), and histopathological examination of the liver and kidney were performed. No mortality or adverse effects were noted at the 2000 mg/kg dose during the oral acute toxicity test. In the sub-chronic study, the crude methanolic bark extract of Bridelia micrantha and the fraction F<sub>6</sub> induced no mortality or treatment-related adverse effects on body weight, general behavior, relative organ weights, hematological and biochemical parameters. Histopathological examination of the liver and kidney showed normal architecture suggesting no morphological alterations. In conclusion, the oral administration of the crude methanolic bark extract of Bridelia micrantha and the fraction F<sub>6</sub> for 28 days at a dosage of up to 800 mg/kg did not induce toxicological damage in rats. From acute toxicity study, the median lethal dose (LD<sub>50</sub>) of the crude methanolic bark extract of Bridelia micrantha and the fraction F<sub>6</sub> was estimated to be more than 2000 mg/kg.展开更多
Objective:To evaluate the effects of ethanol–water(80:20) extract of Marrubium vulgare(M.vulgare) on the hematological parameters,macroscopic and histological aspects of the uterus and fetus in non-pregnant and pregn...Objective:To evaluate the effects of ethanol–water(80:20) extract of Marrubium vulgare(M.vulgare) on the hematological parameters,macroscopic and histological aspects of the uterus and fetus in non-pregnant and pregnant rats.Methods:Female rats were divided into 4 equal groups(n = 9),group N(normal rats) and group G(pregnant rats) considered as control groups,group NE(normal rats treated with the ethanol–water(80:20,v/v) extract of M.vulgare) and group GE(pregnant rats treated with the extract).The ethanol–water(80:20) plant extract was administered in a single daily dose 1 g/kg at the morning,during 19 d.On the 19 day of the experiment,animals were sacrificed,the uterus and fetuses were removed for the morphological and histological studies and the blood was collected in EDTA tubes for the measurement of hematological parameters with the use of an automate ‘HORIBA ABX Micros 60 Hematology Analyzer'.Results:Our results showed,in group NE and GE,a significant decrease on hematological parameters:red blood cells(NE:18.6%;GE:38.4%),hematocrit(NE:13.8%;GE:20.4%),hemoglobin(NE:12.1%;GE:8.3%) and mean corpuscular volume(NE:6.4%;GE:2%) with P more less a 0.05.Indeed,the extract of M.vulgare caused a significant decrease on the mean implantations of fetuses(82.5%,P<0.001) and their size(47.2%,P< 0.01).As for the macroscopic and histological appearance of uterus,our data showed no change in normal treated rats.In contrast,the treated pregnant rats showed a severe histological change characterized by the existence of location of stopped gestation.Furthermore,it was also found in the uterus of these rat lyses placental and embryo tissue.Conclusions:All these results support the hypothesis of an abortifacient effect of M.vulgare.展开更多
Objective:To analyze the effects of Ageratum conyzoides L.on the monosodium iodoacetate induced osteoarthritis rats.Methods:Thin layer chromatography was performed to analyze the constituents of the babandotan extract...Objective:To analyze the effects of Ageratum conyzoides L.on the monosodium iodoacetate induced osteoarthritis rats.Methods:Thin layer chromatography was performed to analyze the constituents of the babandotan extract leaves.White male Sprague-Dawley rats used in this study were divided into 6 groups:normal control and negative control groups,both given0.5%carboxymethyl cellulose;the positive control group that was given glucosamine and chondroitin suspension(486 mg/200 g B.W.);the 3 dose variation extract groups including dose 1,2,and 3 that were given 40,80,and 160 mg/200 g B.W.respectively on day 29 until50.All the groups were induced with 0.05 mL monosodium iodoacetate(20 mg/mL)on day1,except normal control induced by saline.Measurement of edema volume of rat knees was performed on day 0,8,15,22,29,43,and 50.Hematology data was measured at day 1,29and 50.Serum was collected at day 50 to evaluate TNF-α and MMP-9 by ELISA.Cartilage histopathology was evaluated by staining with H&E and Safranin-o-fast green staining on day 50.Results:The babandotan leaves extract dose 2(80 mg/200 g B.W.)and dose 3(160mg/200 g B.W.)could decrease the edema volume,increase the area and thickness of articular cartilage,and increase proteoglycan level.Particularly,dose 3(160 mg/200 g B.W.)of extract babandotan leaves were able to significantly decrease the number of leukocytes,lymphocytes and udem volume,and decrease TNF alpha and MMP-9 levels.Conclusions:Babandotan leaves extract can recover inflammation and cartilages degradation by inhibiting TNF-αin inflammation processes and MMP-9 in the collagenase reaction in the cartilages.展开更多
Objective:To investigate the hematological,biochemical and immunological changes in catfish(Clarias gariepinus)(C.gariepinus)experimental exposed to cadmium.Methods:C.gariepinus were exposed to different concentration...Objective:To investigate the hematological,biochemical and immunological changes in catfish(Clarias gariepinus)(C.gariepinus)experimental exposed to cadmium.Methods:C.gariepinus were exposed to different concentrations of cadmium(Cd)(0,2,5,and 10 mg/L)for 3 weeks.Blood samples were collected for assessing some hematological,biochemical and immunological studies at the end of experiment.Results:neutrophilia and lymphopenia in 5,10 mg/L in cadmium exposed fish.Also the blood level activities of ALT and AST significantly increased,as well as glucose,creatinine,urea,potassium and uric acid.Meanwhile total protein,albumin and sodium were significantly decreased at 5,10 mg/L of cadmium exposed fish.The immunological parameters in cadmium exposed experimental dose groups decreased serum bactericidal activity,lysozyme,neutrophils adhesion test as well as decreased resistance to Aeromonas hydrophilla with increasing exposure dose seemed to correspond with suppressive of non-specific immune functions.Conclusions:The treatment of C.gariepinus with cadmium under the same conditions had immunosuppressive and decrease diseases resistance in a dose-dependent effect.展开更多
Wild rodents were collected using live snap traps in pistachio gardens of Kerman Province, Southeast Iran from 2007 to 2009, then some physiological parameters of them were measured. The samples were identified as fol...Wild rodents were collected using live snap traps in pistachio gardens of Kerman Province, Southeast Iran from 2007 to 2009, then some physiological parameters of them were measured. The samples were identified as follow: Nesokia indica, Meriones persicus, Meriones lybicus and Tatera indica. Blood samples were obtained from the heart, then the blood parameters (glucose, cholesterol, triglyceride, total protein, HDL, red and white blood cell number) in wild species of rodents and laboratory rat were compared. The results showed that there were no significant differences in serum glucose, triglyceride, HDL and total protein levels among different experimental groups. The concentration of cholesterol in T. indica was more than that in N. indica (P < 0.01). The total numbers of red blood cells also showed significant difference between wild garden rodent species and laboratory rat (P < 0.01), while the numbers of white blood cells showed no significant difference.展开更多
文摘Diabetes mellitus(DM)is characterized by hyperglycemia and abnormalities in insulin secretion and activity.There are numerous hematological parameters;however,this review article only focuses on red blood cells,hemoglobin,hematocrit,red blood cell indices,platelet count,white blood cells,lymphocytes,neutrophils,monocytes,eosinophils,neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio,platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio,and monocyte-to-lymphocyte ratio,which play an essential role in the pathogenesis of DM.Also,this review article aims to report the relationship between these hematological parameters and the development of DM.In con-clusion,this article shows that increased levels of platelets,red blood cells,hematocrit,lymphocytes,eosinophils,neutrophils,neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio,platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio,and monocyte-to-lymphocyte ratio and decreased levels of hemoglobin are involved in the pathogenesis of DM.However,the role of basophils in DM is unknown yet.
基金This research was funded by grants from Walailak University(Predictive Risk Factors for Diseases and Health Impact Research Group,WU58525).
文摘Background:Dengue fever(DF)and malaria are the two major public health concerns in tropical countries such as Thailand.Early differentiation between dengue and malaria could help clinicians to identify patients who should be closely monitored for signs of dengue hemorrhagic fever or severe malaria.This study aims to build knowledge on diagnostic markers that are used to discriminate between the infections,which frequently occur in malaria-endemic areas,such as the ones in Thailand.Methods:A retrospective study was conducted in Phop Phra Hospital,a hospital located in the Thailand-Burma border area,a malaria-endemic area,between 2013 and 2015.In brief,data on 336 patients infected with malaria were compared to data on 347 patients infected with DF.Results:White blood cells,neutrophil,monocyte,eosinophil,neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio,and monocyte-lymphocyte ratio were significantly lower in patients with DF compared to patients with malaria(P<0.0001).In contrast,red blood cells,hemoglobin,hematocrit,mean corpuscular volume,mean corpuscular hemoglobin,and mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration were significantly higher in patients with DF as compared to patients with malaria(P<0.0001).A decision tree model revealed that using neutrophils,lymphocyte,MCHC,and gender was guided to discriminate between dengue and malaria infection.Conclusion:This study concluded that several hematological parameters were different for diagnosing DF and malaria.A decision tree model revealed that using neutrophils,lymphocyte,MCHC,and gender was guided to discriminate patients with dengue and malaria infection.In addition,using these markers will thus lead to early detection,diagnosis,and prompt treatment of these tropical diseases.
文摘<b><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Introduction: </span></b><span style="font-family:;" "=""><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Sickle cell disease is a public health problem in the Republic of Congo where the prevalence of sickle cell trait is estimated at 1.25%. The objective of this study is to describe the variations of hematological and biochemical parameters of hemolysis in sickle cell patients in critical and inter-critical periods. </span><b><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Methods:</span></b><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> This is a descriptive cross-sectional study including sickle cell patients followed regularly at the National Reference Center for Sickle Cell Disease (CNRDr) from November 2019 to March 2020. A sample of 167 patients (sickle cell subjects in crisis and in steady state as well as control subjects) was randomly selected during the study period. The blood count was performed using a Sysmex-XN 350 automated system and the biochemical parameters were determined using the Cobas e 311 automated system. Statistical analysis was performed with SPSS version 22 software. </span><b><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Results:</span></b><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> The study showed that the mean cholesterol level in controls was 4.16 ± 0.77 ul compared with 9.64 ± 4.34 ul in sickle cell crisis subjects. Hb and HCT levels were significantly higher in controls compared with sickle cell subjects in crisis. During crisis, total bilirubin, direct bilirubin, triglycerides, LDH, AST, and CRP were significantly elevated. Hematological parameters such as Hb and HCT were elevated in controls, while the mean WBC value and RET were higher in sickle cell patients in steady state. The mean values of the biochemical parameters were higher in sickle cell patients in steady state. </span><b><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Conclusion:</span></b><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> Evaluation of the influence of sickle cell trait on biochemical and hematological parameters showed significant differences between sickle cell and control subjects.</span></span>
文摘Momordica foetida is a plant widely used in tropical Africa to manage gastroenteric diseases. Previous studies demonstrated interesting antibacterial activity against human pathogenic bacteria. However, the security or toxicity of methanol leaf extract has not been determined yet. The aim of this study was to evaluate the acute and sub-acute toxicity of the leaf extract of Momordica foetida. In the acute toxicity study, a single oral dose of 5000 mg/kg body weight was administered to rats which were observed for 14 days in order to identify signs of toxicity or death. In the sub-acute toxicity, the animals were treated with 250, 500 and 1000 mg/kg of the extract for 28 consecutive days. Body weights and behavior were noted throughout the experiment. Upon treatment, blood and urine were collected for hematological and biochemical analysis. Liver, lungs, heart, kidneys, testes and ovaries were analyzed for relative weights and histopathology. The acute toxicity study of M. foetida leaf extract revealed no signs of toxicity related to the treatment, indicating that the median-lethal-dose (LD50) value is greater than 5000 mg/Kg of body weight. In the sub-acute toxicity assay, the extract did not affect the general behavior of animals, meanwhile, it led to a significant increase in the levels of red blood cells, platelets, hemoglobin, granulocytes and Mid-Cells (MIDs). Biochemical parameters showed an increase in total cholesterol, HDL cholesterol, serum urea, serum and urinary glucose and a decrease in urinary proteins, serum creatinine, urinary urea levels, serum activities of AST, ALT and proteins levels, as well as increases in lung, spleen and ovaries relative weight were noticed, all compared to control animals. Histological analysis revealed a normal architecture of kidneys, liver, heart, lung, ovaries and testes. This study provides valuable data on the safety of per os administration of Momordica foetida leaf methanol extract that could be very useful for future assays.
文摘Bridelia micrantha, commonly known as coastal golden leaf, is a member of the family Phyllanthaceae. In preliminary studies nine fractions, named F1 - F9, were obtained by fractionating the crude methanol extract of the stem bark of Bridelia micrantha using column chromatographic techniques. The fraction F6 was the most active when tested for antibacterial activity. Thus, toxicity of this fraction was investigated for further use. The present study evaluated the acute and sub-chronic toxicity of the crude methanolic bark extract of Bridelia micrantha and its fraction. The acute toxicity was carried out according to the experimental protocol of Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD). The plant extract or the fraction F<sub>6</sub> was administered orally to female mice at a single dose of 2000 mg/kg and the animals were observed for any behavioral changes or mortality for 14 days. In the sub-chronic toxicity study, the extract and fraction were administered orally at 200, 400 and 800 mg/kg bw/day for 28 days to healthy Wistar rats. The general behavior and body weight of the rats were recorded daily. At the end of the experimental period, hematological and biochemical analyses, changes in vital organ weight (liver, lung, heart, spleen and kidney), and histopathological examination of the liver and kidney were performed. No mortality or adverse effects were noted at the 2000 mg/kg dose during the oral acute toxicity test. In the sub-chronic study, the crude methanolic bark extract of Bridelia micrantha and the fraction F<sub>6</sub> induced no mortality or treatment-related adverse effects on body weight, general behavior, relative organ weights, hematological and biochemical parameters. Histopathological examination of the liver and kidney showed normal architecture suggesting no morphological alterations. In conclusion, the oral administration of the crude methanolic bark extract of Bridelia micrantha and the fraction F<sub>6</sub> for 28 days at a dosage of up to 800 mg/kg did not induce toxicological damage in rats. From acute toxicity study, the median lethal dose (LD<sub>50</sub>) of the crude methanolic bark extract of Bridelia micrantha and the fraction F<sub>6</sub> was estimated to be more than 2000 mg/kg.
基金supported by grants from the Ministry of Higher Education and Research,was conducted in laboratory of research:Monitoring and nutritional epidemiology in Tunisia,LR 12SP05
文摘Objective:To evaluate the effects of ethanol–water(80:20) extract of Marrubium vulgare(M.vulgare) on the hematological parameters,macroscopic and histological aspects of the uterus and fetus in non-pregnant and pregnant rats.Methods:Female rats were divided into 4 equal groups(n = 9),group N(normal rats) and group G(pregnant rats) considered as control groups,group NE(normal rats treated with the ethanol–water(80:20,v/v) extract of M.vulgare) and group GE(pregnant rats treated with the extract).The ethanol–water(80:20) plant extract was administered in a single daily dose 1 g/kg at the morning,during 19 d.On the 19 day of the experiment,animals were sacrificed,the uterus and fetuses were removed for the morphological and histological studies and the blood was collected in EDTA tubes for the measurement of hematological parameters with the use of an automate ‘HORIBA ABX Micros 60 Hematology Analyzer'.Results:Our results showed,in group NE and GE,a significant decrease on hematological parameters:red blood cells(NE:18.6%;GE:38.4%),hematocrit(NE:13.8%;GE:20.4%),hemoglobin(NE:12.1%;GE:8.3%) and mean corpuscular volume(NE:6.4%;GE:2%) with P more less a 0.05.Indeed,the extract of M.vulgare caused a significant decrease on the mean implantations of fetuses(82.5%,P<0.001) and their size(47.2%,P< 0.01).As for the macroscopic and histological appearance of uterus,our data showed no change in normal treated rats.In contrast,the treated pregnant rats showed a severe histological change characterized by the existence of location of stopped gestation.Furthermore,it was also found in the uterus of these rat lyses placental and embryo tissue.Conclusions:All these results support the hypothesis of an abortifacient effect of M.vulgare.
基金supported by the Ministry of Research Technology and Higher Education of Indonesia 2016
文摘Objective:To analyze the effects of Ageratum conyzoides L.on the monosodium iodoacetate induced osteoarthritis rats.Methods:Thin layer chromatography was performed to analyze the constituents of the babandotan extract leaves.White male Sprague-Dawley rats used in this study were divided into 6 groups:normal control and negative control groups,both given0.5%carboxymethyl cellulose;the positive control group that was given glucosamine and chondroitin suspension(486 mg/200 g B.W.);the 3 dose variation extract groups including dose 1,2,and 3 that were given 40,80,and 160 mg/200 g B.W.respectively on day 29 until50.All the groups were induced with 0.05 mL monosodium iodoacetate(20 mg/mL)on day1,except normal control induced by saline.Measurement of edema volume of rat knees was performed on day 0,8,15,22,29,43,and 50.Hematology data was measured at day 1,29and 50.Serum was collected at day 50 to evaluate TNF-α and MMP-9 by ELISA.Cartilage histopathology was evaluated by staining with H&E and Safranin-o-fast green staining on day 50.Results:The babandotan leaves extract dose 2(80 mg/200 g B.W.)and dose 3(160mg/200 g B.W.)could decrease the edema volume,increase the area and thickness of articular cartilage,and increase proteoglycan level.Particularly,dose 3(160 mg/200 g B.W.)of extract babandotan leaves were able to significantly decrease the number of leukocytes,lymphocytes and udem volume,and decrease TNF alpha and MMP-9 levels.Conclusions:Babandotan leaves extract can recover inflammation and cartilages degradation by inhibiting TNF-αin inflammation processes and MMP-9 in the collagenase reaction in the cartilages.
文摘Objective:To investigate the hematological,biochemical and immunological changes in catfish(Clarias gariepinus)(C.gariepinus)experimental exposed to cadmium.Methods:C.gariepinus were exposed to different concentrations of cadmium(Cd)(0,2,5,and 10 mg/L)for 3 weeks.Blood samples were collected for assessing some hematological,biochemical and immunological studies at the end of experiment.Results:neutrophilia and lymphopenia in 5,10 mg/L in cadmium exposed fish.Also the blood level activities of ALT and AST significantly increased,as well as glucose,creatinine,urea,potassium and uric acid.Meanwhile total protein,albumin and sodium were significantly decreased at 5,10 mg/L of cadmium exposed fish.The immunological parameters in cadmium exposed experimental dose groups decreased serum bactericidal activity,lysozyme,neutrophils adhesion test as well as decreased resistance to Aeromonas hydrophilla with increasing exposure dose seemed to correspond with suppressive of non-specific immune functions.Conclusions:The treatment of C.gariepinus with cadmium under the same conditions had immunosuppressive and decrease diseases resistance in a dose-dependent effect.
文摘Wild rodents were collected using live snap traps in pistachio gardens of Kerman Province, Southeast Iran from 2007 to 2009, then some physiological parameters of them were measured. The samples were identified as follow: Nesokia indica, Meriones persicus, Meriones lybicus and Tatera indica. Blood samples were obtained from the heart, then the blood parameters (glucose, cholesterol, triglyceride, total protein, HDL, red and white blood cell number) in wild species of rodents and laboratory rat were compared. The results showed that there were no significant differences in serum glucose, triglyceride, HDL and total protein levels among different experimental groups. The concentration of cholesterol in T. indica was more than that in N. indica (P < 0.01). The total numbers of red blood cells also showed significant difference between wild garden rodent species and laboratory rat (P < 0.01), while the numbers of white blood cells showed no significant difference.
