The Holocaust,also known as the Shoah,was the tragic and devastating event of the genocide of European Jews during World War II.Between 1941 and 1945,Nazi Germany and its collaborators systematically murdered some six...The Holocaust,also known as the Shoah,was the tragic and devastating event of the genocide of European Jews during World War II.Between 1941 and 1945,Nazi Germany and its collaborators systematically murdered some six million Jews across German-occupied Europe.The Jews and other racial minorities were rounded up across Europe and slaughtered by the German Nazi regime.Little was done to save,and rescue jews during that dark period,that is why the story of Albania,a small country in the Balkans,in which the entire country protected the Jewish community is so remarkable(Savich,2002).This paper will try to examine the heroic rescuing efforts made by the people of Albania during the holocaust while focusing on the Albanian moral code of honor known as“Besa”.This paper will also provide an overview of the impacts of those action.展开更多
Mendel, a survivor of Auschwitz who lives in Israel, remains silent for 40 years after his traumatic experiences. However, Mendel, for no reason that his daughter Bella, also a survivor, can discern, begins to testify...Mendel, a survivor of Auschwitz who lives in Israel, remains silent for 40 years after his traumatic experiences. However, Mendel, for no reason that his daughter Bella, also a survivor, can discern, begins to testify to his horrific ordeals during the Holocaust at putatively inopportune times, such as religious holidays and family celebrations. When his granddaughter Hayuta plans an engagement party, the social and historical incongruities of the Holocaust in the context of contemporary Israeli society become apparent. Ordinary pleasures are matters of moral obloquy in the face of the unfathomable black hole of the Holocaust. While critics have charged Mendel＇s daughter with preoccupation with invidious social climbing and his granddaughter Hayuta with moral reprehensible compartmentalization of her historical and familial existences, Liebrecht unwittingly implies that historical trauma has very diverse and inexplicable effects on different family members： Some, like the daughter Bella, eventually wish to hear more about the experiences of her father （while feeling that his words will “ruin” her social life）, while Hayutaand Shifra his danghter-in-law react by shunning the speech of Mendel, which they experience as ruining their quotidian happiness.展开更多
Saul Bellow’s seventh novel Mr.Sammler’s Planet combines the urban narrative of New York City with the Holocaust narrative,revealing the crisis of postmodern American society.This paper explores Sammler’s unique pe...Saul Bellow’s seventh novel Mr.Sammler’s Planet combines the urban narrative of New York City with the Holocaust narrative,revealing the crisis of postmodern American society.This paper explores Sammler’s unique perspective as a witness to the Holocaust history and the social phenomena of the 1960s,so as to excavate the characteristics of New York City.Under the shackles of modern instrumental rationality and social order,the feverish Holocaust turns into fanatical destruction that subverts traditional ethical values.Sammler discerns the destructive factors in history and the darkness in human nature,but he is not entirely pessimistic and makes exploration for the future of New York City.展开更多
There have been disputes about the ethical fictionalization of the Holocaust.Among all the presentations,two contemporary literary works Sarah’s Key and Schindler’s Ark represent two different writings,fiction and n...There have been disputes about the ethical fictionalization of the Holocaust.Among all the presentations,two contemporary literary works Sarah’s Key and Schindler’s Ark represent two different writings,fiction and non-fiction.Through the comparison of the writing techniques and themes in the illusion of the horror,this essay aims at discussing the method of recording the humanity catastrophe when losing testimonies as time pass by and approaching modern readers with this historical themes authentically.展开更多
This article explores the rhetoric and mass mediation of the national Holocaust Memorial Day (HMD)commemoration ceremony,as broadcast on British television.Following the recommendation of the Stockholm International F...This article explores the rhetoric and mass mediation of the national Holocaust Memorial Day (HMD)commemoration ceremony,as broadcast on British television.Following the recommendation of the Stockholm International Forum,since 2001,Britain has commemorated victims of the Holocaust and subsequent genocides on 27 January.The national commemoration has been broadcast on television five times:in 2001,2002,2005,2015 and 2016.These programmes both reflect and illuminate the complex processes of (national)histories,individual memory and collective remembrance,and the ways that they mediate and interact with each other in social and historic contexts.I argue that these televised ceremonies orientate to four communicative metafunctions,the combination of which is particular to this media genre.They aim to simultaneously achieve four things:to Communicate History ('what happened');to Communicate Values ('why we commemorate');to Communicate Solemnity ('how we commemorate');and to Communicate Hope ('that we are not defined by this catastrophic past').In this article,I examine:the ways that these metafunctions are communicated through words,music and images;and 'some of the ways that these metafunctions can rhetorically derail,undermining their communication.展开更多
Memory of the Holocaust is viewed as one of the major pillars of theIsraeli Jewish identity. The Holocaust commemoration has undergoneseveral changes during the past seventy years, and now is maintainednot only by the...Memory of the Holocaust is viewed as one of the major pillars of theIsraeli Jewish identity. The Holocaust commemoration has undergoneseveral changes during the past seventy years, and now is maintainednot only by the state from above but also by the general public frombelow. This results in pluralistic ways of remembering the victimsand their suffering. Although the generation of survivors is fading,the commemoration becomes ever more thriving and variegated. Thearticle compares this Israeli experience with China’s commemorationof the War of Resistance against Japanese Invasion. Commemorationin China is reminiscent of what was normative in Israel fifty years ago:it is directed primarily by the state, is highly politicized, and has little room for commemorating individual victims. The de–personalized way of commemoration, in addition to manipulation of memories in a variety of low–quality TV serials prevents the general public from full identification with the victims of Japanese aggression. The article analyzes lessons from changing ways of commemorating the Holocaust in Israel, suggesting novel ways of teaching the painful past to young generations in China.展开更多
文摘The Holocaust,also known as the Shoah,was the tragic and devastating event of the genocide of European Jews during World War II.Between 1941 and 1945,Nazi Germany and its collaborators systematically murdered some six million Jews across German-occupied Europe.The Jews and other racial minorities were rounded up across Europe and slaughtered by the German Nazi regime.Little was done to save,and rescue jews during that dark period,that is why the story of Albania,a small country in the Balkans,in which the entire country protected the Jewish community is so remarkable(Savich,2002).This paper will try to examine the heroic rescuing efforts made by the people of Albania during the holocaust while focusing on the Albanian moral code of honor known as“Besa”.This paper will also provide an overview of the impacts of those action.
文摘Mendel, a survivor of Auschwitz who lives in Israel, remains silent for 40 years after his traumatic experiences. However, Mendel, for no reason that his daughter Bella, also a survivor, can discern, begins to testify to his horrific ordeals during the Holocaust at putatively inopportune times, such as religious holidays and family celebrations. When his granddaughter Hayuta plans an engagement party, the social and historical incongruities of the Holocaust in the context of contemporary Israeli society become apparent. Ordinary pleasures are matters of moral obloquy in the face of the unfathomable black hole of the Holocaust. While critics have charged Mendel＇s daughter with preoccupation with invidious social climbing and his granddaughter Hayuta with moral reprehensible compartmentalization of her historical and familial existences, Liebrecht unwittingly implies that historical trauma has very diverse and inexplicable effects on different family members： Some, like the daughter Bella, eventually wish to hear more about the experiences of her father （while feeling that his words will “ruin” her social life）, while Hayutaand Shifra his danghter-in-law react by shunning the speech of Mendel, which they experience as ruining their quotidian happiness.
文摘Saul Bellow’s seventh novel Mr.Sammler’s Planet combines the urban narrative of New York City with the Holocaust narrative,revealing the crisis of postmodern American society.This paper explores Sammler’s unique perspective as a witness to the Holocaust history and the social phenomena of the 1960s,so as to excavate the characteristics of New York City.Under the shackles of modern instrumental rationality and social order,the feverish Holocaust turns into fanatical destruction that subverts traditional ethical values.Sammler discerns the destructive factors in history and the darkness in human nature,but he is not entirely pessimistic and makes exploration for the future of New York City.
文摘There have been disputes about the ethical fictionalization of the Holocaust.Among all the presentations,two contemporary literary works Sarah’s Key and Schindler’s Ark represent two different writings,fiction and non-fiction.Through the comparison of the writing techniques and themes in the illusion of the horror,this essay aims at discussing the method of recording the humanity catastrophe when losing testimonies as time pass by and approaching modern readers with this historical themes authentically.
文摘This article explores the rhetoric and mass mediation of the national Holocaust Memorial Day (HMD)commemoration ceremony,as broadcast on British television.Following the recommendation of the Stockholm International Forum,since 2001,Britain has commemorated victims of the Holocaust and subsequent genocides on 27 January.The national commemoration has been broadcast on television five times:in 2001,2002,2005,2015 and 2016.These programmes both reflect and illuminate the complex processes of (national)histories,individual memory and collective remembrance,and the ways that they mediate and interact with each other in social and historic contexts.I argue that these televised ceremonies orientate to four communicative metafunctions,the combination of which is particular to this media genre.They aim to simultaneously achieve four things:to Communicate History ('what happened');to Communicate Values ('why we commemorate');to Communicate Solemnity ('how we commemorate');and to Communicate Hope ('that we are not defined by this catastrophic past').In this article,I examine:the ways that these metafunctions are communicated through words,music and images;and 'some of the ways that these metafunctions can rhetorically derail,undermining their communication.
文摘Memory of the Holocaust is viewed as one of the major pillars of theIsraeli Jewish identity. The Holocaust commemoration has undergoneseveral changes during the past seventy years, and now is maintainednot only by the state from above but also by the general public frombelow. This results in pluralistic ways of remembering the victimsand their suffering. Although the generation of survivors is fading,the commemoration becomes ever more thriving and variegated. Thearticle compares this Israeli experience with China’s commemorationof the War of Resistance against Japanese Invasion. Commemorationin China is reminiscent of what was normative in Israel fifty years ago:it is directed primarily by the state, is highly politicized, and has little room for commemorating individual victims. The de–personalized way of commemoration, in addition to manipulation of memories in a variety of low–quality TV serials prevents the general public from full identification with the victims of Japanese aggression. The article analyzes lessons from changing ways of commemorating the Holocaust in Israel, suggesting novel ways of teaching the painful past to young generations in China.
