Huaihe River Basin(HRB) is located in China’s north-south climatic transition zone,which is very sensitive to global climate change.Based on the daily maximum temperature,minimum temperature,and precipitation data of...Huaihe River Basin(HRB) is located in China’s north-south climatic transition zone,which is very sensitive to global climate change.Based on the daily maximum temperature,minimum temperature,and precipitation data of 40 meteorological stations and nine monthly large-scale ocean-atmospheric circulation indices data during 1959–2019,we present an assessment of the spatial and temporal variations of extreme temperature and precipitation events in the HRB using nine extreme climate indices,and analyze the teleconnection relationship between extreme climate indices and large-scale ocean-atmospheric circulation indices.The results show that warm extreme indices show a significant(P < 0.05) increasing trend,while cold extreme indices(except for cold spell duration) and diurnal temperature range(DTR) show a significant decreasing trend.Furthermore,all extreme temperature indices show significant mutations during 1959-2019.Spatially,a stronger warming trend occurs in eastern HRB than western HRB,while maximum 5-d precipitation(Rx5day) and rainstorm days(R25) show an increasing trend in the southern,central,and northwestern regions of HRB.Arctic oscillation(AO),Atlantic multidecadal oscillation(AMO),and East Atlantic/Western Russia(EA/WR) have a stronger correlation with extreme climate indices compared to other circulation indices.AO and AMO(EA/WR) exhibit a significant(P < 0.05) negative(positive)correlation with frost days and diurnal temperature range.Extreme warm events are strongly correlated with the variability of AMO and EA/WR in most parts of HRB,while extreme cold events are closely related to the variability of AO and AMO in eastern HRB.In contrast,AMO,AO,and EA/WR show limited impacts on extreme precipitation events in most parts of HRB.展开更多
[Objective] The research aimed to study the distribution characteristics of high temperature damage and its influence on the rice yield in the area along Huaihe River.[Method] The meteorological data of 10 stations in...[Objective] The research aimed to study the distribution characteristics of high temperature damage and its influence on the rice yield in the area along Huaihe River.[Method] The meteorological data of 10 stations in the area along Huaihe River during 1965-2009 and the yield data of Anhui single-season middle rice during 1967-2006 were selected.The occurrence characteristic of summer high temperature weather and the intensity of high temperature damage in the area along Huaihe River were analyzed.Based on the previous high temperature damage index of rice,Changfeng County where was the typical rice planting zone in the area along Huaihe River was as the representation,and the yield damage loss rate risk of high temperature damage in Changfeng was analyzed by combining with the historical yield data.[Result] The high temperature weather in the area along Huaihe River frequently happened.The high temperature damage presented "N" shape trend from west to east.The occurrence frequency of high temperature weather in Huainan and Bengbu where were in the middle area along Huaihe River was more and was less in Huoqiu and Shouxian where were near the south mountain area of Anhui.The occurrence time mainly focused from the middle and last dekads of July to the first dekad of August after the plum rain.At this time,it was the booting,heading and flowering periods of single-season middle rice,and the influence on the rice yield was obvious.The damage loss rate of single-season middle rice yield in Changfeng County along Huaihe River continued to increase as the increasing of high temperature damage duration.But the occurrence probability decreased.The intensity grade of high temperature damage disaster loss rate which happened frequently concentrated mainly in levels I and II.The longer the high temperature damage duration in the reproductive growth stage of rice was,the bigger the damage loss rate was.But the corresponding occurrence probability was small,and vice versa.[Conclusion] The research provided the reference for assessing the high temperature disaster risk.展开更多
[Objective] The research aimed to analyze temporal and spatial variation of strong precipitation caused flood and agricultural disaster loss in Huaihe River basin of Anhui Province during Meiyu period of 2007.[Method]...[Objective] The research aimed to analyze temporal and spatial variation of strong precipitation caused flood and agricultural disaster loss in Huaihe River basin of Anhui Province during Meiyu period of 2007.[Method] On the basis of rainfalls of each station in Huaihe River basin of Anhui,rainfall data during Meiyu period of 2007 and flood disaster data in the same period,the temporal and spatial distribution characteristics of strong precipitation caused flood during Meiyu period of 2007 and its harm on agriculture were analyzed.The variation rule,distribution characteristics of strong precipitation during Meiyu period in Huaihe River basin of Anhui and its relationship with agricultural disaster loss were discussed.[Result] During Meiyu period of 2007 in Huaihe River basin of Anhui,the rainstorm was more,and the rainfall was large.The precipitation variation showed "three-peak" trend.Rainfall in Huaihe River basin during Meiyu period of 2007 was greatly more than that homochronously in Yangtze River basin.The rain area over 400.0 mm during Meiyu period mainly located in Huaihe River basin,and the rain area over 600.0 mm mainly located from area along Huaihe River to central Huaibei.The rainfall during Meiyu period gradually decreased toward south and north by the north bank of Huaihe River as the symmetry axis.The rainfall in area along Huaihe River showed wavy distribution in east-west direction.The flood disaster loss index and disaster area of crops in Huaihe River basin of Anhui both increased as rainfall in Meiyu period.[Conclusion] The research provided theoretical basis for flood prevention,disaster reduction and agricultural flood-avoiding development in Huaihe River basin.展开更多
Currently the deteriorated water quality for Huaihe River Basin(HRB) in China was still serious because of the negative influence multiple pollution sources including animal manure. However, little attention was paid ...Currently the deteriorated water quality for Huaihe River Basin(HRB) in China was still serious because of the negative influence multiple pollution sources including animal manure. However, little attention was paid to the potential risk of animal manure for farmland and water quality of HRB. This study was quantified and forecasted animal manure risk and its spatiotemporal variations in HRB from 2008 to 2018, through pollution discharge coefficient method and pollution load calculation, combined with kriging interpolation method of ArcGIS technology, based on statistics principle. All the data were originated from livestock and poultry breeding in HRB from 2008 to 2018. The future risk of farmland and water environment in HRB was further forecasted. The results indicated that the livestock and poultry manure has become a key pollution source causing a negative influence on farmland and water quality owing to a large amount of animal manure production without efficient recycle utilization. The chemical oxygen demand(COD) and total nitrogen(TN) discharge of animal manure in HRB almost accounted for 17.00% and 39.00% of the whole COD and TN discharge in China. The diffusion concentration of TN and TP in those regions of Shangqiu, Zhoukou, Heze, Zhumadian, Luohe, Jining, Xuchang,Kaifeng, Taian and Zhengzhou of HRB has exceeded the threshold value 10.00 mg/L of TN and 0.08 mg/L of TP, causing water eutrophication and cancer villages. The assessment of farmland and water quality risk revealed that Zhumadian, Zhoukou, Shangqiu, Taian, Jining, Heze, Linyi and Rizhao belonged to high risk areas in HRB, which were still obtained high farmland and water quality risk index in 2030. The results provided insight into an important significance of sustainable balance of livestock and poultry development and ecosystem in HRB.展开更多
From the angle of regional development, this article gives a brief account of the natural conditions, socio-economic development, the calamitous environment of the Huaihe River, the achievements and existing issues in...From the angle of regional development, this article gives a brief account of the natural conditions, socio-economic development, the calamitous environment of the Huaihe River, the achievements and existing issues in the harnessing of the River since the founding of the People’s Republic. In addition, it suggests some harnessing tasks set for the on-going Ninth Five-year Plan and some problems to be dealt with prudently.展开更多
Based on the summer precipitation data from the Huaihe River valley and the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River from 1922 to 2007,we analyzed the interannual and interdecadal oscillation and probability dist...Based on the summer precipitation data from the Huaihe River valley and the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River from 1922 to 2007,we analyzed the interannual and interdecadal oscillation and probability distribution characteristics of summer precipitation in the Huaihe River valley during the same period,using the wavelet transform and generalized extreme distribution methods.Whereby,we studied the climate background of East Asia Summer Monsoon (EASM),Sea Surface Temperature (SST),East Asia telecorrelation circulation,and their relationship with the interannual and interdecadal oscillation of summer precipitation in the Huaihe River valley.We further compared the difference of interdecadal oscillation of summer precipitation and the relevant climate background between the Huaihe River valley and the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River.The results show that:1) The intensity change of quasi-biennial oscillation (QBO) of summer precipitation in the Huaihe River valley is consistent with that of interdecadal oscillation.The summer precipitation in the Huaihe River valley has been more than normal since the end of the 1990s,and the QBO is very significant.Meanwhile,the probability of occurrence of extreme heavy rainfall increased obviously.2) The interdecadal oscillation of summer precipitation in the Huaihe River valley has a close relationship with the Pacific Decadal Oscillation (PDO) and interdecadal oscillation of EASM.When PDO is in the cold phase and EASM weakens,the summer precipitation will be greater than normal.3) QBO of summer precipitation in the Huaihe River valley is mainly controlled by that of EASM,and it has a relationship with a circulation pattern of "positive-negative-positive" from the high to the low latitudes in East Asia.4) There is interdecadal phase difference in summer precipitation between the Huaihe River valley and the middle and the lower reaches of the Yangtze River,which is mainly related to the intensity and position of West Pacific subtropical high.展开更多
In different synoptic conditions and at different time scales,the analysis of the energy budgetsby Bowen Ratio Method and Bulk Schemes over Huaihe River Basin during the field observationperiods of HUBEX in 1999 shows...In different synoptic conditions and at different time scales,the analysis of the energy budgetsby Bowen Ratio Method and Bulk Schemes over Huaihe River Basin during the field observationperiods of HUBEX in 1999 shows that,（1）the averaged latent heat flux is an order of magnitudemore than the averaged sensible heat flux during the observation period:（2）the variation of totalcloud amount is out of phase with the terms of energy budgets except for the downward longwaveradiation which maybe is related to the cloud’s height and class:（3）the values of sensible andlatent heat fluxes are small during rain episodes,but thereafter,the values become high and thenup to maximum.It is similar to the other terms of the energy budgets except for the downwardlongwave radiation.The diurnal variation of energy budgets indicates that the daytime precipitationexerts great influence to the energy budgets,but the nighttime precipitation makes little influence;（4）the variation of the latent heat flux is in phase with the evaporation,which indicates that thelatent heat flux calculated by bulk schemes is reliable:（5）the means of the sensible and latentheat flux and momentum flux by bulk schemes for the time period from May to August are,respectively,30.71W/m<sup>2</sup>.116.81W/m<sup>2</sup>.2.86×10<sup>-2</sup>N/m<sup>2</sup> in 1998 and 30.28W/m<sup>2</sup>,107.35W/m<sup>2</sup>,2.74×10<sup>-2</sup>N/m<sup>2</sup> in 1999.The values of these two years are similar.During summer in1999 the magnitude and activity of sensible heat flux are strongest in June and those of the latentheat flux are in August.展开更多
The Xin’anjiang Model is used as the basic model to develop a monthly grid-based macroscalehydrological model for the assessment of the effects of climate change on water resources.Themonthly discharge from 1953 thro...The Xin’anjiang Model is used as the basic model to develop a monthly grid-based macroscalehydrological model for the assessment of the effects of climate change on water resources.Themonthly discharge from 1953 through 1985 in the Huaihe River Basin is simulated.The sensitivityanalysis on runoff is made under assumed climatic scenarios.There is a good agreement betweenthe observed and simulated runoff.Due to the increase of time interval and decrease ofprecipitation intensity on monthly time scale,there is no monthly runoff in some model girds as themomhly hydrological model is applied to the Huaihe River Basin.Two methods of downscalingmonthly precipitation to daily resolution are validated by running the Xin’anjiang model withmonthly data at a daily time step.and the model outputs are more realistic than the monthlyhydrological model.The metbods of downscaling of monthly precipitation to daily resolution mayprovide an idea in solving the problem of the shortage of daily data.In the research of the climatechange on water resources,the daily hydrological model can be used instead of the monthly one.展开更多
Arsenic poses a danger to public health and drinking arsenic-rich groundwater is the main route for human exposure to this element.The focus of this study is to assess the risk magnitude and likelihood for arsenic-ric...Arsenic poses a danger to public health and drinking arsenic-rich groundwater is the main route for human exposure to this element.The focus of this study is to assess the risk magnitude and likelihood for arsenic-rich groundwater in Huaihe River Plain,China using Risk Magnitude and Indicator Kriging methods.It has been found that 481 in 5515 investigated samples exceed the drinking water standards of the World Health Organization,which present a high exposure risk for public health.Arsenic concentrations range from 0.001 to 356.00 mg/L,with a median of 2.10 mg/L.The proportion of contaminated shallow groundwater samples is 9.77%,and the counterpart from deep layer is 2.85%,respectively.Arsenic concentrations are obviously higher in plain areas than those in hilly areas.High Risk Magnitude and Very High Risk Magnitude samples are sporadically positioned in inland and coastal plain.According to the prediction of Risk Probability maps over shallow and deep groundwater,high arsenic Risk Probability areas is scattered in the inland and coastal portion,and both Risk Probability peaks are similar.Some high arsenic hazard areas have been found to possess high cancer rates,and high Risk Probability peaks are correlated with cancer cluster.The potential high arsenic hazard areas over shallow groundwater encompass more than 4709 km^(2),while the counterpart over deep groundwater is 1446 km2.2.88 million people are estimated to be potentially exposed to High Risk Probability of arsenic.This paper carried out research on exposure risk of arsenic contamination from Huaihe River Plain,China,which may provide guidance for regionalization of drinking groundwater safety.展开更多
Multi-source weighted-ensemble precipitation(MSWEP)is one of the most popular merged global precipitation products with long-term spanning and high spatial resolution.While various studies have acknowledged its abilit...Multi-source weighted-ensemble precipitation(MSWEP)is one of the most popular merged global precipitation products with long-term spanning and high spatial resolution.While various studies have acknowledged its ability to accurately estimate precipitation in terms of temporal dynamics,its performance regarding spatial pattern and extreme rainfall is overlooked.To fill this knowledge gap,the daily precipitation of two versions of MSWEP(MSWEP V2.1&V2.2)are compared with that of three representative satellite-and reanalysis-based products,namely the Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission(TRMM 3B42 V7),the climate prediction center morphing technique satellite-gauge merged product(CMORPH BLD),and the fifth-generation reanalysis product of the European Centre for Medium Range Weather Forecasts(ERA5).The comparison is made according to the dense daily rainfall observations from 539 rain gauges over the Huaihe River Basin in China during 2006–2015.The results show that MSWEP V2.1,MSWEP V2.2 and CMORPH BLD have better performance on temporal accuracy of precipitation estimation,followed by ERA5 and TRMM 3B42V7.MSWEPs yield the most even spatial distribution across the basin since it takes full advantage of the multi datasets.As the weighted-ensemble method is independently carried out on each grid in MSWEPs,the spatial distribution of local precipitation is changed by different source data,which results in that MSWEPs perform worse than CMORPH BLD in terms of the representation of precipitation spatial pattern.In addition,the capability of MSWEPs to describe the spatial structure in the rainy season is lower than that in the dry season.Strong precipitation(≥100 mm/d)events are better represented in TRMM 3B42 V7 products than in MSWEPs.Finally,based on the comparison results,we suggest to improve the merging algorithm of MSWEP by considering the precipitation spatial self-correlation and adjusting the merging weights based on the performance of the source datasets under different precipitation intensities.展开更多
With the scheme of the variation analysis and Kalman filter,the radar data were adjusted bythe real-time rain gauge data.The accuracy of areal rainfall calculation was improved and theresults can be basically used for...With the scheme of the variation analysis and Kalman filter,the radar data were adjusted bythe real-time rain gauge data.The accuracy of areal rainfall calculation was improved and theresults can be basically used for flood forecasting.It is concluded that the scheme is suitable in theupper and middle reaches of the Huaihe River.展开更多
The effects of rainfall and underlying surface conditions on flood recession processes are a critical issue for flood risk reduction and water use in a region.In this article,we examined and clarified the issue in the...The effects of rainfall and underlying surface conditions on flood recession processes are a critical issue for flood risk reduction and water use in a region.In this article,we examined and clarified the issue in the upper Huaihe River Basin where flood disasters frequently occur.Data on 58 rainstorms and flooding events at eight watersheds during 2006–2015 were collected.An exponential equation(with a key flood recession coefficient)was used to fit the flood recession processes,and their correlations with six potential causal factors—decrease rate of rainfall intensity,distance from the storm center to the outlet of the basin,basin area,basin shape coefficient,basin average slope,and basin relief amplitude—were analyzed by the Spearman correlation test and the Kendall tau test.Our results show that 95%of the total flood recession events could be well fitted with the coefficient of determination(R2)values higher than 0.75.When the decrease rate of rainfall intensity(Vi)is smaller than 0.2 mm/h2,rainfall conditions more significantly control the flood recession process;when Vi is greater than 0.2 mm/h2,underlying surface conditions dominate.The result of backward elimination shows that when Vi takes the values of0.2–0.5 mm/h2 and is greater than 0.5 mm/h2,the flood recession process is primarily influenced by the basin’s average slope and basin area,respectively.The other three factors,however,indicate weak effects in the study area.展开更多
To investigate nitrous acid(HONO)levels and potential HONO sources above crop rotation fields.The HONO fluxes were measured by the aerodynamic gradient(AG)method from 14 December 2019 to 2 January 2020 over an agricul...To investigate nitrous acid(HONO)levels and potential HONO sources above crop rotation fields.The HONO fluxes were measured by the aerodynamic gradient(AG)method from 14 December 2019 to 2 January 2020 over an agricultural field in the Huaihe River Basin.The ambient HONO levels were measured at two different heights(0.15 and 1.5 m),showing a typical diurnal cycle with low daytime levels and high nighttime levels.The upward HONO fluxes were mostly observed during the day,whereas deposition dominated at night.The diurnal variation of HONO flux followed solar radiation,with a noontime maximum of 0.2 nmol/(m^(2)·sec).The average upward HONO flux of 0.06±0.17 nmol/(m^(2)·sec)indicated that the agricultural field was a net source for atmospheric HONO.The higher HONO/NO_(2)ratio and NO_(2)-to-HONO conversion rate close to the surface suggested that nocturnal HONO was formed and released near the ground.The unknown HONO source was derived from the daytime HONO budget analysis,with an average strength of 0.31 ppbV/hr at noontime.The surface HONO flux,which was highly correlated with the photolysis frequency J(NO_(2))(R^(2)=0.925)and the product of J(NO_(2))×NO_(2)(R^(2)=0.840),accounted for∼23%of unknown daytime HONO source.The significant correlation between HONO fluxes and J(NO_(2))suggests a light-driven HONO formation mechanism responsible for the surface HONO flux during daytime.展开更多
Huaihe River Basin Energy and Water Cycle Experiment and Research (HUBEX), as one of the Ninth Five-Year Plan (1996-2000) Major Programs supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC), succes... Huaihe River Basin Energy and Water Cycle Experiment and Research (HUBEX), as one of the Ninth Five-Year Plan (1996-2000) Major Programs supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC), successfully passed the check-up and won high appraisement from the experts.……展开更多
The deterioration of the surface water environment has become a serious challenge for water resources management due to increasing anthropogenic disturbance. Water resources protection requires control of potential po...The deterioration of the surface water environment has become a serious challenge for water resources management due to increasing anthropogenic disturbance. Water resources protection requires control of potential pollution sources. In this study, 99 water samples were collected from a river in a typical agricultural city of Anhui Province in eastern China, and these samples were analyzed in terms of pH, electrical conductivity, and the concentrations of F-, Cl-, SO42-, Na+, K+, Mg2+, Ca2+, As, Cr, Cu, Zn, and Pb. Cluster analysis, co-occurrence network analysis, and principal component analysis/factor analysis were conducted to qualitatively identify the potential sources of river water pollution in the study area. An absolute principal component score-multiple linear regression receptor model was used to quantitatively evaluate the contribution of each source to water quality parameters. The results showed that all observed water quality indices met the quality criteria specified in the Chinese drinking water standards, except for pH, ρ(F-), ρ(SO42-), and ρ(As). The heat map showed that the frequent recharge of pollutants from the tributaries during the wet season was the main reason for the deterioration of water quality. Five sources of river water pollution were identified, and their contribution ratios in a descending order were as follows: the geogenic process (24%) > agricultural activities (21%) > poultry farming sources (17%) > domestic pollution (9%) > transportation pollution (5%). Therefore, controlling pollution from agricultural activities, strengthening the regulation of livestock farming, and improving the sewage network are the recommended strategies for improving the quality of surface water resources in this area.展开更多
Relief map of the middle reaches of the Huaihe Valley in 1950s, remote sensing images of 1980 and 2000 are utilized to abstract and interpret land use maps of the study area in different periods and also the distribut...Relief map of the middle reaches of the Huaihe Valley in 1950s, remote sensing images of 1980 and 2000 are utilized to abstract and interpret land use maps of the study area in different periods and also the distribution map of different wetland types on the basis of secondary classification of wetland. Landscape index analysis is applied to analyze and evaluate ecological changes of wetland landscapes in the middle reaches of the Huaihe Valley. The analysis results show that landscape pattern indexes change greatly from 1950s to 1980, but change slightly since 1980. Such a trend demonstrates that wetland landscapes in the study area change from "diversified and complicate" to "unitary and fragmented", wetland system has drastically-reducing components, a great number of transitional zones become extinct, connectivity and heterogeneity of wetland landscapes are largely reduced, integrity and balance of wetland system is broken, as a result, ecological service functions of wetland degrade or cannot be fully utilized.展开更多
基金Under the auspices of National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.52279016,51909106,51879108,42002247,41471160)Natural Science Foundation of Guangdong Province,China(No.2020A1515011038,2020A1515111054)+1 种基金Special Fund for Science and Technology Development in 2016 of Department of Science and Technology of Guangdong Province,China(No.2016A020223007)the Project of Jinan Science and Technology Bureau(No.2021GXRC070)。
文摘Huaihe River Basin(HRB) is located in China’s north-south climatic transition zone,which is very sensitive to global climate change.Based on the daily maximum temperature,minimum temperature,and precipitation data of 40 meteorological stations and nine monthly large-scale ocean-atmospheric circulation indices data during 1959–2019,we present an assessment of the spatial and temporal variations of extreme temperature and precipitation events in the HRB using nine extreme climate indices,and analyze the teleconnection relationship between extreme climate indices and large-scale ocean-atmospheric circulation indices.The results show that warm extreme indices show a significant(P < 0.05) increasing trend,while cold extreme indices(except for cold spell duration) and diurnal temperature range(DTR) show a significant decreasing trend.Furthermore,all extreme temperature indices show significant mutations during 1959-2019.Spatially,a stronger warming trend occurs in eastern HRB than western HRB,while maximum 5-d precipitation(Rx5day) and rainstorm days(R25) show an increasing trend in the southern,central,and northwestern regions of HRB.Arctic oscillation(AO),Atlantic multidecadal oscillation(AMO),and East Atlantic/Western Russia(EA/WR) have a stronger correlation with extreme climate indices compared to other circulation indices.AO and AMO(EA/WR) exhibit a significant(P < 0.05) negative(positive)correlation with frost days and diurnal temperature range.Extreme warm events are strongly correlated with the variability of AMO and EA/WR in most parts of HRB,while extreme cold events are closely related to the variability of AO and AMO in eastern HRB.In contrast,AMO,AO,and EA/WR show limited impacts on extreme precipitation events in most parts of HRB.
基金Supported by Public Welfare Industry (Meteorology) Science Research Special Item (GYHY201106027)National Science and Technology Support Plan (2011BAD16B06) .
文摘[Objective] The research aimed to study the distribution characteristics of high temperature damage and its influence on the rice yield in the area along Huaihe River.[Method] The meteorological data of 10 stations in the area along Huaihe River during 1965-2009 and the yield data of Anhui single-season middle rice during 1967-2006 were selected.The occurrence characteristic of summer high temperature weather and the intensity of high temperature damage in the area along Huaihe River were analyzed.Based on the previous high temperature damage index of rice,Changfeng County where was the typical rice planting zone in the area along Huaihe River was as the representation,and the yield damage loss rate risk of high temperature damage in Changfeng was analyzed by combining with the historical yield data.[Result] The high temperature weather in the area along Huaihe River frequently happened.The high temperature damage presented "N" shape trend from west to east.The occurrence frequency of high temperature weather in Huainan and Bengbu where were in the middle area along Huaihe River was more and was less in Huoqiu and Shouxian where were near the south mountain area of Anhui.The occurrence time mainly focused from the middle and last dekads of July to the first dekad of August after the plum rain.At this time,it was the booting,heading and flowering periods of single-season middle rice,and the influence on the rice yield was obvious.The damage loss rate of single-season middle rice yield in Changfeng County along Huaihe River continued to increase as the increasing of high temperature damage duration.But the occurrence probability decreased.The intensity grade of high temperature damage disaster loss rate which happened frequently concentrated mainly in levels I and II.The longer the high temperature damage duration in the reproductive growth stage of rice was,the bigger the damage loss rate was.But the corresponding occurrence probability was small,and vice versa.[Conclusion] The research provided the reference for assessing the high temperature disaster risk.
基金Supported by Meteorological Open Research Fund of Huaihe River basin,China(HRM200805)Soft Science Research Plan of Ministry of Science and Technology,China(2007GXS3D087)
文摘[Objective] The research aimed to analyze temporal and spatial variation of strong precipitation caused flood and agricultural disaster loss in Huaihe River basin of Anhui Province during Meiyu period of 2007.[Method] On the basis of rainfalls of each station in Huaihe River basin of Anhui,rainfall data during Meiyu period of 2007 and flood disaster data in the same period,the temporal and spatial distribution characteristics of strong precipitation caused flood during Meiyu period of 2007 and its harm on agriculture were analyzed.The variation rule,distribution characteristics of strong precipitation during Meiyu period in Huaihe River basin of Anhui and its relationship with agricultural disaster loss were discussed.[Result] During Meiyu period of 2007 in Huaihe River basin of Anhui,the rainstorm was more,and the rainfall was large.The precipitation variation showed "three-peak" trend.Rainfall in Huaihe River basin during Meiyu period of 2007 was greatly more than that homochronously in Yangtze River basin.The rain area over 400.0 mm during Meiyu period mainly located in Huaihe River basin,and the rain area over 600.0 mm mainly located from area along Huaihe River to central Huaibei.The rainfall during Meiyu period gradually decreased toward south and north by the north bank of Huaihe River as the symmetry axis.The rainfall in area along Huaihe River showed wavy distribution in east-west direction.The flood disaster loss index and disaster area of crops in Huaihe River basin of Anhui both increased as rainfall in Meiyu period.[Conclusion] The research provided theoretical basis for flood prevention,disaster reduction and agricultural flood-avoiding development in Huaihe River basin.
基金Under the auspices of the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.31070401)the College Natural Science Foundation of Major Project of Anhui+2 种基金China(No.KJ2018ZD033)the University Synergy Innovation Program of Anhui Province(No.GXXT-2020-075)Engineering Research Center of Biomembrance Water Purification and Utilization Technology,Ministry of Education,Anhui University of Technology。
文摘Currently the deteriorated water quality for Huaihe River Basin(HRB) in China was still serious because of the negative influence multiple pollution sources including animal manure. However, little attention was paid to the potential risk of animal manure for farmland and water quality of HRB. This study was quantified and forecasted animal manure risk and its spatiotemporal variations in HRB from 2008 to 2018, through pollution discharge coefficient method and pollution load calculation, combined with kriging interpolation method of ArcGIS technology, based on statistics principle. All the data were originated from livestock and poultry breeding in HRB from 2008 to 2018. The future risk of farmland and water environment in HRB was further forecasted. The results indicated that the livestock and poultry manure has become a key pollution source causing a negative influence on farmland and water quality owing to a large amount of animal manure production without efficient recycle utilization. The chemical oxygen demand(COD) and total nitrogen(TN) discharge of animal manure in HRB almost accounted for 17.00% and 39.00% of the whole COD and TN discharge in China. The diffusion concentration of TN and TP in those regions of Shangqiu, Zhoukou, Heze, Zhumadian, Luohe, Jining, Xuchang,Kaifeng, Taian and Zhengzhou of HRB has exceeded the threshold value 10.00 mg/L of TN and 0.08 mg/L of TP, causing water eutrophication and cancer villages. The assessment of farmland and water quality risk revealed that Zhumadian, Zhoukou, Shangqiu, Taian, Jining, Heze, Linyi and Rizhao belonged to high risk areas in HRB, which were still obtained high farmland and water quality risk index in 2030. The results provided insight into an important significance of sustainable balance of livestock and poultry development and ecosystem in HRB.
文摘From the angle of regional development, this article gives a brief account of the natural conditions, socio-economic development, the calamitous environment of the Huaihe River, the achievements and existing issues in the harnessing of the River since the founding of the People’s Republic. In addition, it suggests some harnessing tasks set for the on-going Ninth Five-year Plan and some problems to be dealt with prudently.
基金supported by State Key Laboratory of Severe Weather,Chinese Academy of Meteorological Sciences,COPES Program (Grant No.GYHY200706005)China-Japan Intergovernmental Cooperation Program from Japan International Cooperation Agency (JICA)
文摘Based on the summer precipitation data from the Huaihe River valley and the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River from 1922 to 2007,we analyzed the interannual and interdecadal oscillation and probability distribution characteristics of summer precipitation in the Huaihe River valley during the same period,using the wavelet transform and generalized extreme distribution methods.Whereby,we studied the climate background of East Asia Summer Monsoon (EASM),Sea Surface Temperature (SST),East Asia telecorrelation circulation,and their relationship with the interannual and interdecadal oscillation of summer precipitation in the Huaihe River valley.We further compared the difference of interdecadal oscillation of summer precipitation and the relevant climate background between the Huaihe River valley and the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River.The results show that:1) The intensity change of quasi-biennial oscillation (QBO) of summer precipitation in the Huaihe River valley is consistent with that of interdecadal oscillation.The summer precipitation in the Huaihe River valley has been more than normal since the end of the 1990s,and the QBO is very significant.Meanwhile,the probability of occurrence of extreme heavy rainfall increased obviously.2) The interdecadal oscillation of summer precipitation in the Huaihe River valley has a close relationship with the Pacific Decadal Oscillation (PDO) and interdecadal oscillation of EASM.When PDO is in the cold phase and EASM weakens,the summer precipitation will be greater than normal.3) QBO of summer precipitation in the Huaihe River valley is mainly controlled by that of EASM,and it has a relationship with a circulation pattern of "positive-negative-positive" from the high to the low latitudes in East Asia.4) There is interdecadal phase difference in summer precipitation between the Huaihe River valley and the middle and the lower reaches of the Yangtze River,which is mainly related to the intensity and position of West Pacific subtropical high.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.49794030).
文摘In different synoptic conditions and at different time scales,the analysis of the energy budgetsby Bowen Ratio Method and Bulk Schemes over Huaihe River Basin during the field observationperiods of HUBEX in 1999 shows that,（1）the averaged latent heat flux is an order of magnitudemore than the averaged sensible heat flux during the observation period:（2）the variation of totalcloud amount is out of phase with the terms of energy budgets except for the downward longwaveradiation which maybe is related to the cloud’s height and class:（3）the values of sensible andlatent heat fluxes are small during rain episodes,but thereafter,the values become high and thenup to maximum.It is similar to the other terms of the energy budgets except for the downwardlongwave radiation.The diurnal variation of energy budgets indicates that the daytime precipitationexerts great influence to the energy budgets,but the nighttime precipitation makes little influence;（4）the variation of the latent heat flux is in phase with the evaporation,which indicates that thelatent heat flux calculated by bulk schemes is reliable:（5）the means of the sensible and latentheat flux and momentum flux by bulk schemes for the time period from May to August are,respectively,30.71W/m<sup>2</sup>.116.81W/m<sup>2</sup>.2.86×10<sup>-2</sup>N/m<sup>2</sup> in 1998 and 30.28W/m<sup>2</sup>,107.35W/m<sup>2</sup>,2.74×10<sup>-2</sup>N/m<sup>2</sup> in 1999.The values of these two years are similar.During summer in1999 the magnitude and activity of sensible heat flux are strongest in June and those of the latentheat flux are in August.
文摘The Xin’anjiang Model is used as the basic model to develop a monthly grid-based macroscalehydrological model for the assessment of the effects of climate change on water resources.Themonthly discharge from 1953 through 1985 in the Huaihe River Basin is simulated.The sensitivityanalysis on runoff is made under assumed climatic scenarios.There is a good agreement betweenthe observed and simulated runoff.Due to the increase of time interval and decrease ofprecipitation intensity on monthly time scale,there is no monthly runoff in some model girds as themomhly hydrological model is applied to the Huaihe River Basin.Two methods of downscalingmonthly precipitation to daily resolution are validated by running the Xin’anjiang model withmonthly data at a daily time step.and the model outputs are more realistic than the monthlyhydrological model.The metbods of downscaling of monthly precipitation to daily resolution mayprovide an idea in solving the problem of the shortage of daily data.In the research of the climatechange on water resources,the daily hydrological model can be used instead of the monthly one.
基金the Science and Technology Programme of the Jiangsu Province(BK20151093)the Chinese Project of the National Geological Survey(DD20221756).
文摘Arsenic poses a danger to public health and drinking arsenic-rich groundwater is the main route for human exposure to this element.The focus of this study is to assess the risk magnitude and likelihood for arsenic-rich groundwater in Huaihe River Plain,China using Risk Magnitude and Indicator Kriging methods.It has been found that 481 in 5515 investigated samples exceed the drinking water standards of the World Health Organization,which present a high exposure risk for public health.Arsenic concentrations range from 0.001 to 356.00 mg/L,with a median of 2.10 mg/L.The proportion of contaminated shallow groundwater samples is 9.77%,and the counterpart from deep layer is 2.85%,respectively.Arsenic concentrations are obviously higher in plain areas than those in hilly areas.High Risk Magnitude and Very High Risk Magnitude samples are sporadically positioned in inland and coastal plain.According to the prediction of Risk Probability maps over shallow and deep groundwater,high arsenic Risk Probability areas is scattered in the inland and coastal portion,and both Risk Probability peaks are similar.Some high arsenic hazard areas have been found to possess high cancer rates,and high Risk Probability peaks are correlated with cancer cluster.The potential high arsenic hazard areas over shallow groundwater encompass more than 4709 km^(2),while the counterpart over deep groundwater is 1446 km2.2.88 million people are estimated to be potentially exposed to High Risk Probability of arsenic.This paper carried out research on exposure risk of arsenic contamination from Huaihe River Plain,China,which may provide guidance for regionalization of drinking groundwater safety.
基金National Key R&D Program of China,No.2021YFC3000104National Natural Science Foundation of China,No.52009081,No.51479118Special Funded Project for Basic Scientific Research Operation Expenses of the Central Public Welfare Scientific Research Institutes of China,No.Y519006。
文摘Multi-source weighted-ensemble precipitation(MSWEP)is one of the most popular merged global precipitation products with long-term spanning and high spatial resolution.While various studies have acknowledged its ability to accurately estimate precipitation in terms of temporal dynamics,its performance regarding spatial pattern and extreme rainfall is overlooked.To fill this knowledge gap,the daily precipitation of two versions of MSWEP(MSWEP V2.1&V2.2)are compared with that of three representative satellite-and reanalysis-based products,namely the Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission(TRMM 3B42 V7),the climate prediction center morphing technique satellite-gauge merged product(CMORPH BLD),and the fifth-generation reanalysis product of the European Centre for Medium Range Weather Forecasts(ERA5).The comparison is made according to the dense daily rainfall observations from 539 rain gauges over the Huaihe River Basin in China during 2006–2015.The results show that MSWEP V2.1,MSWEP V2.2 and CMORPH BLD have better performance on temporal accuracy of precipitation estimation,followed by ERA5 and TRMM 3B42V7.MSWEPs yield the most even spatial distribution across the basin since it takes full advantage of the multi datasets.As the weighted-ensemble method is independently carried out on each grid in MSWEPs,the spatial distribution of local precipitation is changed by different source data,which results in that MSWEPs perform worse than CMORPH BLD in terms of the representation of precipitation spatial pattern.In addition,the capability of MSWEPs to describe the spatial structure in the rainy season is lower than that in the dry season.Strong precipitation(≥100 mm/d)events are better represented in TRMM 3B42 V7 products than in MSWEPs.Finally,based on the comparison results,we suggest to improve the merging algorithm of MSWEP by considering the precipitation spatial self-correlation and adjusting the merging weights based on the performance of the source datasets under different precipitation intensities.
文摘With the scheme of the variation analysis and Kalman filter,the radar data were adjusted bythe real-time rain gauge data.The accuracy of areal rainfall calculation was improved and theresults can be basically used for flood forecasting.It is concluded that the scheme is suitable in theupper and middle reaches of the Huaihe River.
基金funded by the National Key Research&Development(R&D)Plan(Grants No.2016YFC0400902)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grants No.41971039)the Youth Innovation Promotion Association CAS(No.2017074)
文摘The effects of rainfall and underlying surface conditions on flood recession processes are a critical issue for flood risk reduction and water use in a region.In this article,we examined and clarified the issue in the upper Huaihe River Basin where flood disasters frequently occur.Data on 58 rainstorms and flooding events at eight watersheds during 2006–2015 were collected.An exponential equation(with a key flood recession coefficient)was used to fit the flood recession processes,and their correlations with six potential causal factors—decrease rate of rainfall intensity,distance from the storm center to the outlet of the basin,basin area,basin shape coefficient,basin average slope,and basin relief amplitude—were analyzed by the Spearman correlation test and the Kendall tau test.Our results show that 95%of the total flood recession events could be well fitted with the coefficient of determination(R2)values higher than 0.75.When the decrease rate of rainfall intensity(Vi)is smaller than 0.2 mm/h2,rainfall conditions more significantly control the flood recession process;when Vi is greater than 0.2 mm/h2,underlying surface conditions dominate.The result of backward elimination shows that when Vi takes the values of0.2–0.5 mm/h2 and is greater than 0.5 mm/h2,the flood recession process is primarily influenced by the basin’s average slope and basin area,respectively.The other three factors,however,indicate weak effects in the study area.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.41875154,U19A2044 and91544104)the Anhui Provincial Key R&D Program(No.202104i07020010)
文摘To investigate nitrous acid(HONO)levels and potential HONO sources above crop rotation fields.The HONO fluxes were measured by the aerodynamic gradient(AG)method from 14 December 2019 to 2 January 2020 over an agricultural field in the Huaihe River Basin.The ambient HONO levels were measured at two different heights(0.15 and 1.5 m),showing a typical diurnal cycle with low daytime levels and high nighttime levels.The upward HONO fluxes were mostly observed during the day,whereas deposition dominated at night.The diurnal variation of HONO flux followed solar radiation,with a noontime maximum of 0.2 nmol/(m^(2)·sec).The average upward HONO flux of 0.06±0.17 nmol/(m^(2)·sec)indicated that the agricultural field was a net source for atmospheric HONO.The higher HONO/NO_(2)ratio and NO_(2)-to-HONO conversion rate close to the surface suggested that nocturnal HONO was formed and released near the ground.The unknown HONO source was derived from the daytime HONO budget analysis,with an average strength of 0.31 ppbV/hr at noontime.The surface HONO flux,which was highly correlated with the photolysis frequency J(NO_(2))(R^(2)=0.925)and the product of J(NO_(2))×NO_(2)(R^(2)=0.840),accounted for∼23%of unknown daytime HONO source.The significant correlation between HONO fluxes and J(NO_(2))suggests a light-driven HONO formation mechanism responsible for the surface HONO flux during daytime.
文摘 Huaihe River Basin Energy and Water Cycle Experiment and Research (HUBEX), as one of the Ninth Five-Year Plan (1996-2000) Major Programs supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC), successfully passed the check-up and won high appraisement from the experts.……
基金supported by the 2021 Graduate Science Research Project of the Anhui Higher Education Institutions(Grant No.YJS20210375)the Natural Science Research Project of Universities in Anhui Province(Grant No.KJ2020ZD64)+2 种基金the Natural Science Foundation of Anhui Province(Grant No.2008085MD122)the Outstanding Young Talents in Higher Education Institutions of Anhui Province(Grant No.ZD2021134)the Research Development Foundation of Suzhou University(Grant No.2021fzjj28).
文摘The deterioration of the surface water environment has become a serious challenge for water resources management due to increasing anthropogenic disturbance. Water resources protection requires control of potential pollution sources. In this study, 99 water samples were collected from a river in a typical agricultural city of Anhui Province in eastern China, and these samples were analyzed in terms of pH, electrical conductivity, and the concentrations of F-, Cl-, SO42-, Na+, K+, Mg2+, Ca2+, As, Cr, Cu, Zn, and Pb. Cluster analysis, co-occurrence network analysis, and principal component analysis/factor analysis were conducted to qualitatively identify the potential sources of river water pollution in the study area. An absolute principal component score-multiple linear regression receptor model was used to quantitatively evaluate the contribution of each source to water quality parameters. The results showed that all observed water quality indices met the quality criteria specified in the Chinese drinking water standards, except for pH, ρ(F-), ρ(SO42-), and ρ(As). The heat map showed that the frequent recharge of pollutants from the tributaries during the wet season was the main reason for the deterioration of water quality. Five sources of river water pollution were identified, and their contribution ratios in a descending order were as follows: the geogenic process (24%) > agricultural activities (21%) > poultry farming sources (17%) > domestic pollution (9%) > transportation pollution (5%). Therefore, controlling pollution from agricultural activities, strengthening the regulation of livestock farming, and improving the sewage network are the recommended strategies for improving the quality of surface water resources in this area.
基金Supported by National Basic Research Program of China:"Coupling Mechanism of Aquatic Eco-process and Pattern of Wetland System"(2006CB403301)Doctoral Initiation Project of Hanshan Normal University:"Study on Evolution of Wetland Landscape Pattern in the Middle Reaches of the Huaihe Valley"~~
文摘Relief map of the middle reaches of the Huaihe Valley in 1950s, remote sensing images of 1980 and 2000 are utilized to abstract and interpret land use maps of the study area in different periods and also the distribution map of different wetland types on the basis of secondary classification of wetland. Landscape index analysis is applied to analyze and evaluate ecological changes of wetland landscapes in the middle reaches of the Huaihe Valley. The analysis results show that landscape pattern indexes change greatly from 1950s to 1980, but change slightly since 1980. Such a trend demonstrates that wetland landscapes in the study area change from "diversified and complicate" to "unitary and fragmented", wetland system has drastically-reducing components, a great number of transitional zones become extinct, connectivity and heterogeneity of wetland landscapes are largely reduced, integrity and balance of wetland system is broken, as a result, ecological service functions of wetland degrade or cannot be fully utilized.
