Objective To survey avian influenza A viruses(AIVs) in the environment and explore the reasons for the surge in human H7 N9 cases.Methods A total of 1,045 samples were collected from routine surveillance on poultry-re...Objective To survey avian influenza A viruses(AIVs) in the environment and explore the reasons for the surge in human H7 N9 cases.Methods A total of 1,045 samples were collected from routine surveillance on poultry-related environments and 307 samples from human H7 N9 cases-exposed environments in Henan from 2016 to2017. The nucleic acids of influenza A(Flu A), H5, H7, and H9 subtypes were detected by real-time polymerase chain reaction.Results A total of 27 H7 N9 cases were confirmed in Henan from 2016 to 2017, 24 had a history of live poultry exposure, and 15 had H7 N9 virus detected in the related live poultry markets(LPMs). About 96%(264/275) Flu A positive-environmental samples were from LPMs. H9 was the main AIV subtype(10.05%) from routine surveillance sites with only 1 H7-positive sample, whereas 21.17% samples were H7-positive in H7 N9 cases-exposed environments. Samples from H7 N9 cases-exposed LPMs(47.56%)had much higher AIVs positive rates than those from routine surveillance sites(12.34%). The H7+H9 combination of mixed infection was 78.18%(43/55) of H7-positive samples and 41.34%(43/104) of H9-positive samples.Conclusion The contamination status of AIVs in poultry-related environments is closely associated with the incidence of human infection caused by AIVs. Therefore, systematic surveillance of AIVs in LPMs in China is essential for the detection of novel reassortant viruses and their potential for interspecies transmission.展开更多
Background Novel influenza A viruses of avian-origin may be the precursors of pandemic strains. This descriptive study aims to introduce a novel avian-origin influenza A （H10N8） virus which can infect humans and cau...Background Novel influenza A viruses of avian-origin may be the precursors of pandemic strains. This descriptive study aims to introduce a novel avian-origin influenza A （H10N8） virus which can infect humans and cause severe diseases. Methods Collecting clinical data of three cases of human infection with a novel reassortment avian influenza A （H10N8） virus in Nanchang, Jiangxi Province, China. Results Three cases of human infection with a new reassortment avian influenza A（H10N8） virus were described, of which two were fatal cases, and one was severe case. These cases presented with severe pneumonia that progressed to acute respiratory distress syndrome （ARDS） and intractable respiratory failure. Conclusion This novel reassortment avian influenza A （H10N8） virus in China resulted in fatal human infections, and should be added to concerns in clinical practice.展开更多
To the Editor: Since avian influenza A(H7N9) was first identified in Shanghai, China, in March 2013, there have been a total of five epidemics. These have amounted to 1564 laboratory-confirmed cases up to September 20...To the Editor: Since avian influenza A(H7N9) was first identified in Shanghai, China, in March 2013, there have been a total of five epidemics. These have amounted to 1564 laboratory-confirmed cases up to September 2017, with a fatality rate of about 40%.[1] In the fifth wave, 4.09% of cases (31/758) were infected with the highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) A(H7N9). This indicated that the pathotype of the A(H7N9) had switched from low pathogenic avian influenza (LPAI) to HPAI.展开更多
With the support by the National Natural Science Foundation of China,the research team led by Prof.Yu Hongjie(余宏杰)at the School of Public Health,Fudan University,Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety,Ministry of E...With the support by the National Natural Science Foundation of China,the research team led by Prof.Yu Hongjie(余宏杰)at the School of Public Health,Fudan University,Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety,Ministry of Education,and the Key Laboratory of Surveillance and Early Warning on Infectious Disease,Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention,has published the paper entitled“Global epi-展开更多
Highly pathogenic influenza A (H5N1) virus causes a widespread poultry deaths worldwide. The first human H5N1 infected case was reported in Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China in 1997. Since then, the vir...Highly pathogenic influenza A (H5N1) virus causes a widespread poultry deaths worldwide. The first human H5N1 infected case was reported in Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China in 1997. Since then, the virus re-emerged in 2003 and continues to infect people worldwide. Currently, over 400 human infections have been reported in more than 15 countries and mortality rate is greater than 60%. H5N1 viruses still pose a potential pandemic threat in the future because of the continuing global spread and evolution. Here, we summarize the epidemiological, clinical and virological characteristics of human H5N1 infection in China monitored and identified by our national surveillance systems.展开更多
Human infections with influenza H7 subtypes, such as H7Ng, have raised concerns worldwide. Here, we report a human infection with a novel influenza A（HTN4） virus. A 68 years-old woman with cardiovascular and cholecy...Human infections with influenza H7 subtypes, such as H7Ng, have raised concerns worldwide. Here, we report a human infection with a novel influenza A（HTN4） virus. A 68 years-old woman with cardiovascular and cholecystic comorbidities developed rapidly progressed pneumonia with influenza-like-illness as initial symptom, recovered after 23 days-hospitalization including 8 days in ICLI. Laboratory indicators for liver and blood coagulation dysfunction were observed. Oseltamivir phosphate, glucocorticoids and antibiotics were jointly implemented, with nasal catheterization of oxygen inhalation for this patient. We obtained the medical records and collected serial respiratory and blood specimens from her. We col- lected throat, cloacal and/or feces samples of poultry and wild birds from the patient＇s backyard, neigh- borhood, local live poultry markets （LPMs） and the nearest lake. All close contacts of the patient were followed up and sampled with throat swabs and sera. Influenza viruses and other respiratory pathogens were tested by real-time RT-PCR, viral culturing and/or sequencing for human respiratory and bird sam- ples. Micro-neutralizing assay was performed for sera. A novel reassortant wild bird-origin H7N4 virus is identified from the patient and her backyard poultry （chickens and ducks） by sequencing, which is dis- tinct from previously-reported avian H7N4 and H7N9 viruses. At least four folds increase of neutralizing antibodies to H7N4 was detected in her convalescent sera. No samples from close contacts, wild birds or other poultry were tested positive for H7N4 by real-time RT-PCR.展开更多
Bird infections with highly pathogenic avian influenza A(H5N6) viruses have been identified since 2014. With very limited occasion, the virus could sporadically spilled over to infect humans. It has been recognized th...Bird infections with highly pathogenic avian influenza A(H5N6) viruses have been identified since 2014. With very limited occasion, the virus could sporadically spilled over to infect humans. It has been recognized that all human infections were within southern region of China's Mainland until the case reported here in Beijing in Aug. 2019. This was the first human case infected with highly pathogenic avian influenza A(H5N6) virus in northern China. The infection was confirmed by real-time RT-PCR assay. The whole genome sequences were obtained from clinical sample. Genetic characteristics of the virus were identified similar to those of previous avian influenza A(H5N6) viruses, retaining the main features of the avian influenza virus.展开更多
基金supported by Henan Department of Science and Technology Project [182102310235]Henan Medical Science and Technology Research Project [201702269]Henan Natural Science Foundation [182300410384]
文摘Objective To survey avian influenza A viruses(AIVs) in the environment and explore the reasons for the surge in human H7 N9 cases.Methods A total of 1,045 samples were collected from routine surveillance on poultry-related environments and 307 samples from human H7 N9 cases-exposed environments in Henan from 2016 to2017. The nucleic acids of influenza A(Flu A), H5, H7, and H9 subtypes were detected by real-time polymerase chain reaction.Results A total of 27 H7 N9 cases were confirmed in Henan from 2016 to 2017, 24 had a history of live poultry exposure, and 15 had H7 N9 virus detected in the related live poultry markets(LPMs). About 96%(264/275) Flu A positive-environmental samples were from LPMs. H9 was the main AIV subtype(10.05%) from routine surveillance sites with only 1 H7-positive sample, whereas 21.17% samples were H7-positive in H7 N9 cases-exposed environments. Samples from H7 N9 cases-exposed LPMs(47.56%)had much higher AIVs positive rates than those from routine surveillance sites(12.34%). The H7+H9 combination of mixed infection was 78.18%(43/55) of H7-positive samples and 41.34%(43/104) of H9-positive samples.Conclusion The contamination status of AIVs in poultry-related environments is closely associated with the incidence of human infection caused by AIVs. Therefore, systematic surveillance of AIVs in LPMs in China is essential for the detection of novel reassortant viruses and their potential for interspecies transmission.
文摘Background Novel influenza A viruses of avian-origin may be the precursors of pandemic strains. This descriptive study aims to introduce a novel avian-origin influenza A （H10N8） virus which can infect humans and cause severe diseases. Methods Collecting clinical data of three cases of human infection with a novel reassortment avian influenza A （H10N8） virus in Nanchang, Jiangxi Province, China. Results Three cases of human infection with a new reassortment avian influenza A（H10N8） virus were described, of which two were fatal cases, and one was severe case. These cases presented with severe pneumonia that progressed to acute respiratory distress syndrome （ARDS） and intractable respiratory failure. Conclusion This novel reassortment avian influenza A （H10N8） virus in China resulted in fatal human infections, and should be added to concerns in clinical practice.
文摘To the Editor: Since avian influenza A(H7N9) was first identified in Shanghai, China, in March 2013, there have been a total of five epidemics. These have amounted to 1564 laboratory-confirmed cases up to September 2017, with a fatality rate of about 40%.[1] In the fifth wave, 4.09% of cases (31/758) were infected with the highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) A(H7N9). This indicated that the pathotype of the A(H7N9) had switched from low pathogenic avian influenza (LPAI) to HPAI.
文摘With the support by the National Natural Science Foundation of China,the research team led by Prof.Yu Hongjie(余宏杰)at the School of Public Health,Fudan University,Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety,Ministry of Education,and the Key Laboratory of Surveillance and Early Warning on Infectious Disease,Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention,has published the paper entitled“Global epi-
基金Chinese Nature Science Foundation Key Project (Grant No. 30599433)Chinese Basic Science Research Program (973)Key Project (Grant No. 2005CB523006)
文摘Highly pathogenic influenza A (H5N1) virus causes a widespread poultry deaths worldwide. The first human H5N1 infected case was reported in Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China in 1997. Since then, the virus re-emerged in 2003 and continues to infect people worldwide. Currently, over 400 human infections have been reported in more than 15 countries and mortality rate is greater than 60%. H5N1 viruses still pose a potential pandemic threat in the future because of the continuing global spread and evolution. Here, we summarize the epidemiological, clinical and virological characteristics of human H5N1 infection in China monitored and identified by our national surveillance systems.
基金supported by National Science and Technology Major Project of China (2015ZX09101044)Science & Technology Demonstration Project for Emerging Infectious Diseases Control and Prevention of Jiangsu Province, China (BE2015714 & BE2017749)Key Medical Discipline of Jiangsu Science & Technology Project of China (epidemiology,ZDXKA2016008)
文摘Human infections with influenza H7 subtypes, such as H7Ng, have raised concerns worldwide. Here, we report a human infection with a novel influenza A（HTN4） virus. A 68 years-old woman with cardiovascular and cholecystic comorbidities developed rapidly progressed pneumonia with influenza-like-illness as initial symptom, recovered after 23 days-hospitalization including 8 days in ICLI. Laboratory indicators for liver and blood coagulation dysfunction were observed. Oseltamivir phosphate, glucocorticoids and antibiotics were jointly implemented, with nasal catheterization of oxygen inhalation for this patient. We obtained the medical records and collected serial respiratory and blood specimens from her. We col- lected throat, cloacal and/or feces samples of poultry and wild birds from the patient＇s backyard, neigh- borhood, local live poultry markets （LPMs） and the nearest lake. All close contacts of the patient were followed up and sampled with throat swabs and sera. Influenza viruses and other respiratory pathogens were tested by real-time RT-PCR, viral culturing and/or sequencing for human respiratory and bird sam- ples. Micro-neutralizing assay was performed for sera. A novel reassortant wild bird-origin H7N4 virus is identified from the patient and her backyard poultry （chickens and ducks） by sequencing, which is dis- tinct from previously-reported avian H7N4 and H7N9 viruses. At least four folds increase of neutralizing antibodies to H7N4 was detected in her convalescent sera. No samples from close contacts, wild birds or other poultry were tested positive for H7N4 by real-time RT-PCR.
基金This study was supported by the National Mega-projects for Infectious Diseases(2017ZX10303401-004)。
文摘Bird infections with highly pathogenic avian influenza A(H5N6) viruses have been identified since 2014. With very limited occasion, the virus could sporadically spilled over to infect humans. It has been recognized that all human infections were within southern region of China's Mainland until the case reported here in Beijing in Aug. 2019. This was the first human case infected with highly pathogenic avian influenza A(H5N6) virus in northern China. The infection was confirmed by real-time RT-PCR assay. The whole genome sequences were obtained from clinical sample. Genetic characteristics of the virus were identified similar to those of previous avian influenza A(H5N6) viruses, retaining the main features of the avian influenza virus.
