We have previously demonstrated that allogeneic human bone marrow (BM) supports human islet function and longevity in vitro. We hypothesize that BM supporting human islets may include to increase β-cell in cultured i...We have previously demonstrated that allogeneic human bone marrow (BM) supports human islet function and longevity in vitro. We hypothesize that BM supporting human islets may include to increase β-cell in cultured islets. In this study, we developed a method to quantify insulin-producing β cells from cultured islets by using immunofluorescent staining and flow cytometry analysis to explore this possibility. The results show that human islets cocultured with BM for 39 days contained a significantly higher number of insulin-positive β cells (42.3% ± 4.5%) compared to the islet-only cultures (1.15% ± 0.78%), and increased insulin release levels evaluated by ELISA is consistent with increased β cells in same culture condition. Human islet culture with BM significantly increase β-cells while islet only culture lost β-cells in same culture period supports the possibility of BM increasing β-cells in cultured islets.展开更多
After defining landslide and debris flow,human activity,and precipitation indices,using with landslide and debris flow disaster data in low-latitude plateau of China,reflecting human activity and precipitation data,th...After defining landslide and debris flow,human activity,and precipitation indices,using with landslide and debris flow disaster data in low-latitude plateau of China,reflecting human activity and precipitation data,the influence of human activity and precipitation on mid-long term evolution of landslide and debris flow was studied with the wavelet technique.Results indicate that mid-long evolution of landslide and debris flow disaster trends to increase 0.9 unit every year,and presents obvious stage feature.The abrupt point from rare to frequent periods took place in 1993.There is significant in-phase resonance oscillation between human activity and landslide and debris flow frequency on a scale of 11–16 years,in which the variation of human activity occurs about 0.2–2.8 years before landslide and debris flow variation.Thus,the increase of landslide and debris flow frequency in low latitude plateau of China may be mainly caused by geo-environmental degradation induced by human activity.After the impact of human activity is removed,there is significant in-phase resonance oscillation between landslide and debris flow frequency and summer rainfall in low-latitude plateau of China in quasi-three-year and quasi-six-year scales,in which the variation of summer precipitation occurs about0.0–0.8 years before landslide and debris flow variation.Summer precipitation is one of important external causes which impacts landslide and debris flow frequency in low-latitude plateau of China.The mid-long term evolution predicting model of landslide and debris flow disasters frequency in low-latitude plateau region with better fitting and predicting ability was built by considering human activity and summer rainfall.展开更多
Climate change and human activities have great implications for hydrological process and water projects planning. In order to evaluate the impacts on stream-flow, statistical methods and SWAT model are applied to this...Climate change and human activities have great implications for hydrological process and water projects planning. In order to evaluate the impacts on stream-flow, statistical methods and SWAT model are applied to this research. The results indicate that the abrupt change year (1965) of annual stream-flow is chosen as the split point of natural and human influenced (particularly reservoirs) periods. The calibrated SWAT model is proved to be applicable in this catchment and is used to simulate the monthly runoff which can be regarded as the natural runoff induced by climate change. A major finding of this study is that the reservoir regulations have apparently altered the monthly and seasonal stream-flow regimes. By quantifying the impacts of climate variation and human activities, the decreasing trend of annual stream-flow is found, and human activities are proved to be the dominant role in the catchment. This research improves our knowledge of hydrological responses to natural and artificial factors, and provides a better understanding for the future reservoir regulations.展开更多
A three-dimensional computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulation of the physiological pulsatile blood flow in the human aortic arch and its three branches has been conducted by using commercial software StarCD. The b...A three-dimensional computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulation of the physiological pulsatile blood flow in the human aortic arch and its three branches has been conducted by using commercial software StarCD. The blood flow, of a peak Reynolds number of 3289 and a Womersley parameter of 16.44, was simulated in a rigid aorta geometry that was built by computer aided design (CAD) reconstruction method based on autopsy data of a female adult. The purpose of this work is to further the understanding of the complex nature of aorta flow, therefore it mainly focuses on analysis of the spatial and temporal distributions of velocities and wall shear stresses. The results, illustrated by 3D visualization pictures and 2D graphs of the primary velocity profiles, wall shear stress and pressure distributions, as well as the secondary flow patterns, are in good agreement with those of other experimental and computational works. The distributions of pressure and wall shear stress support the correlation between high and low shear stresses and pressures and the atherosclerotic lesions.展开更多
In the process of human behavior recognition, the traditional dense optical flow method has too many pixels and too much overhead, which limits the running speed. This paper proposed a method combing YOLOv3 (You Only ...In the process of human behavior recognition, the traditional dense optical flow method has too many pixels and too much overhead, which limits the running speed. This paper proposed a method combing YOLOv3 (You Only Look Once v3) and local optical flow method. Based on the dense optical flow method, the optical flow modulus of the area where the human target is detected is calculated to reduce the amount of computation and save the cost in terms of time. And then, a threshold value is set to complete the human behavior identification. Through design algorithm, experimental verification and other steps, the walking, running and falling state of human body in real life indoor sports video was identified. Experimental results show that this algorithm is more advantageous for jogging behavior recognition.展开更多
Soil and water loss is now a major environmental problem in many areas of China, especially in the area of the Dabie Mountain, Anhui Province, which results in environmental degradation and does harm to the people’s ...Soil and water loss is now a major environmental problem in many areas of China, especially in the area of the Dabie Mountain, Anhui Province, which results in environmental degradation and does harm to the people’s life and production there. Based on the observational records from the Dasha River, the authors analyze the character of the variation in flow and sediment in different flood and dry seasons from 1970 to 2000. The result shows that human activities had significantly reduced the sediment discharge and sediment module, and increased the runoff in low-water seasons since the 1980s. The average contribution rate of human activities to decreasing sediment was 65.67%, and at the same period the contribution rate of runoff and rainfall was about 34.33%. Therefore, it is necessary to take the biological and engineering measures to solve the problem of soil and water loss in the Dasha River watershed.展开更多
Renal transplantation remains the best option for patients suffering from end stage renal disease(ESRD).Given the worldwide shortage of organs and growing population of patients with ESRD,those waitlisted for a transp...Renal transplantation remains the best option for patients suffering from end stage renal disease(ESRD).Given the worldwide shortage of organs and growing population of patients with ESRD,those waitlisted for a transplant is ever expanding.Contemporary crossmatch methods and human leukocyte antigen(HLA) typing play a pivotal role in improving organ allocation and afford better matches to recipients.Understanding crossmatch as well as HLA typing for renal transplantation and applying it in clinical practice is the key step to achieve a successful outcome.Interpretation of crossmatch results can be quite challenging where clinicians have not had formal training in applied transplant immunology.This review aims to provide a worked example using a clinical vignette.Furthermore,each technique is discussed in detail with its pros and cons.The index case is that of a young male with ESRD secondary to Lupus nephritis.He is offered a deceased donor kidney with a 1-0-0 mismatch.His complement dependent cytotoxicity(CDC) crossmatch reported positive for B lymphocyte,but flow cytometry crossmatch(FCXM) was reported negative for both B and T lymphocytes.Luminex-SAB(single antigen bead) did not identify any donor specific antibodies(DSA).He never had a blood transfusion.The positive CDCcrossmatch result is not concordant with DSA status.These implausible results are due to underlying lupus erythematosus,leading to false-positive B-lymphocyte crossmatch as a result of binding immune complexes to Fc-receptors.False positive report of CDC crossmatch can be caused by the underlying autoimmune diseases such as lupus erythematosus,that may lead to inadvertent refusal of adequate kidney grafts.Detailed study of DSA by molecular technique would prevent wrong exclusion of such donors.Based on these investigations this patient is deemed to have "standard immunological risk" for renal transplantation.展开更多
The upper and middle reaches of the Taoer River,a representative ecologically sensitive area,has experienced great climate change and rapid agricultural and industrial development since 1961.There is therefore an urge...The upper and middle reaches of the Taoer River,a representative ecologically sensitive area,has experienced great climate change and rapid agricultural and industrial development since 1961.There is therefore an urgent need to evaluate the impact of climate change and human activities on stream flows to serve better the water resource management in this region.The nonparametric Mann-Kendall test and moving t-test were used to identify trends and change points in stream flow,precipitation and potential evapotranspiration data series.A significant upward trend has been found in annual stream flow,with an abrupt change identified in 1985 at the Taonan station which is the station that controls the entire study area.The stream flow data was divided into a baseline period and a period of change.Both Fu and Zhang's functions were employed to evaluate the impacts of variation in climate and human activities on mean annual stream flow,based on precipitation and potential evaporation.Analysis of the increase in mean annual stream flow between the baseline and the period of change indicated that climate change accounted for about 45% of the total increase and human activities were responsible for about 55%.展开更多
Flow discharge from the river basin into the sea has severe impacts on the immediate vicinity of river channels, estuaries, and coastal areas. This paper analyzes the features and temporal trends of flow discharge at ...Flow discharge from the river basin into the sea has severe impacts on the immediate vicinity of river channels, estuaries, and coastal areas. This paper analyzes the features and temporal trends of flow discharge at Pearl River's three main gauge stations: the Wuzhou, Shijiao, and Boluo gauge stations on the West River, North River, and East River, respectively. The results show no significant trend in annual mean discharge into the sea at the three gauge stations. Changes of monthly mean discharge at the Boluo Gauge Station are evident, and a majority of monthly discharge in the dry season displays significant increasing trends. Furthermore, changes of the extreme discharge are quite evident, with a significant decreasing trend in the annual maximum discharge and a significant increasing trend in the minimum one. The significantly decreasing ratio of the flood discharge to annual discharge at the Boluo Gauge Station indicates that the flow discharge from the East River has increased in the dry season and decreased in the flood season since the construction of dams and reservoirs. At the other two gauge stations, the Wuzhou and Shijiao gauge stations, the seasonal discharge generally does not change perceptibly. Human impacts, especially those pertaining to reservoir and dam construction, appear to be responsible for the seasonal variation of flow discharge. The results indicate that the construction and operation of dams and reservoirs in the East River have a greater influence on flow discharge, which can well explain why the seasonal variation of flow discharge from the East River is more evident.展开更多
文摘We have previously demonstrated that allogeneic human bone marrow (BM) supports human islet function and longevity in vitro. We hypothesize that BM supporting human islets may include to increase β-cell in cultured islets. In this study, we developed a method to quantify insulin-producing β cells from cultured islets by using immunofluorescent staining and flow cytometry analysis to explore this possibility. The results show that human islets cocultured with BM for 39 days contained a significantly higher number of insulin-positive β cells (42.3% ± 4.5%) compared to the islet-only cultures (1.15% ± 0.78%), and increased insulin release levels evaluated by ELISA is consistent with increased β cells in same culture condition. Human islet culture with BM significantly increase β-cells while islet only culture lost β-cells in same culture period supports the possibility of BM increasing β-cells in cultured islets.
基金supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.U0933603)National Science and Technology Sup-port Program(Grant No.2011BAC09B07)
文摘After defining landslide and debris flow,human activity,and precipitation indices,using with landslide and debris flow disaster data in low-latitude plateau of China,reflecting human activity and precipitation data,the influence of human activity and precipitation on mid-long term evolution of landslide and debris flow was studied with the wavelet technique.Results indicate that mid-long evolution of landslide and debris flow disaster trends to increase 0.9 unit every year,and presents obvious stage feature.The abrupt point from rare to frequent periods took place in 1993.There is significant in-phase resonance oscillation between human activity and landslide and debris flow frequency on a scale of 11–16 years,in which the variation of human activity occurs about 0.2–2.8 years before landslide and debris flow variation.Thus,the increase of landslide and debris flow frequency in low latitude plateau of China may be mainly caused by geo-environmental degradation induced by human activity.After the impact of human activity is removed,there is significant in-phase resonance oscillation between landslide and debris flow frequency and summer rainfall in low-latitude plateau of China in quasi-three-year and quasi-six-year scales,in which the variation of summer precipitation occurs about0.0–0.8 years before landslide and debris flow variation.Summer precipitation is one of important external causes which impacts landslide and debris flow frequency in low-latitude plateau of China.The mid-long term evolution predicting model of landslide and debris flow disasters frequency in low-latitude plateau region with better fitting and predicting ability was built by considering human activity and summer rainfall.
文摘Climate change and human activities have great implications for hydrological process and water projects planning. In order to evaluate the impacts on stream-flow, statistical methods and SWAT model are applied to this research. The results indicate that the abrupt change year (1965) of annual stream-flow is chosen as the split point of natural and human influenced (particularly reservoirs) periods. The calibrated SWAT model is proved to be applicable in this catchment and is used to simulate the monthly runoff which can be regarded as the natural runoff induced by climate change. A major finding of this study is that the reservoir regulations have apparently altered the monthly and seasonal stream-flow regimes. By quantifying the impacts of climate variation and human activities, the decreasing trend of annual stream-flow is found, and human activities are proved to be the dominant role in the catchment. This research improves our knowledge of hydrological responses to natural and artificial factors, and provides a better understanding for the future reservoir regulations.
文摘A three-dimensional computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulation of the physiological pulsatile blood flow in the human aortic arch and its three branches has been conducted by using commercial software StarCD. The blood flow, of a peak Reynolds number of 3289 and a Womersley parameter of 16.44, was simulated in a rigid aorta geometry that was built by computer aided design (CAD) reconstruction method based on autopsy data of a female adult. The purpose of this work is to further the understanding of the complex nature of aorta flow, therefore it mainly focuses on analysis of the spatial and temporal distributions of velocities and wall shear stresses. The results, illustrated by 3D visualization pictures and 2D graphs of the primary velocity profiles, wall shear stress and pressure distributions, as well as the secondary flow patterns, are in good agreement with those of other experimental and computational works. The distributions of pressure and wall shear stress support the correlation between high and low shear stresses and pressures and the atherosclerotic lesions.
文摘In the process of human behavior recognition, the traditional dense optical flow method has too many pixels and too much overhead, which limits the running speed. This paper proposed a method combing YOLOv3 (You Only Look Once v3) and local optical flow method. Based on the dense optical flow method, the optical flow modulus of the area where the human target is detected is calculated to reduce the amount of computation and save the cost in terms of time. And then, a threshold value is set to complete the human behavior identification. Through design algorithm, experimental verification and other steps, the walking, running and falling state of human body in real life indoor sports video was identified. Experimental results show that this algorithm is more advantageous for jogging behavior recognition.
基金Under the auspices of the Natural Science Foundation of Anhui Education Office (No. 2006KJ161C), Special FundProject of Anhui Provincial Irrigation Office (No. 2001-11)
文摘Soil and water loss is now a major environmental problem in many areas of China, especially in the area of the Dabie Mountain, Anhui Province, which results in environmental degradation and does harm to the people’s life and production there. Based on the observational records from the Dasha River, the authors analyze the character of the variation in flow and sediment in different flood and dry seasons from 1970 to 2000. The result shows that human activities had significantly reduced the sediment discharge and sediment module, and increased the runoff in low-water seasons since the 1980s. The average contribution rate of human activities to decreasing sediment was 65.67%, and at the same period the contribution rate of runoff and rainfall was about 34.33%. Therefore, it is necessary to take the biological and engineering measures to solve the problem of soil and water loss in the Dasha River watershed.
文摘Renal transplantation remains the best option for patients suffering from end stage renal disease(ESRD).Given the worldwide shortage of organs and growing population of patients with ESRD,those waitlisted for a transplant is ever expanding.Contemporary crossmatch methods and human leukocyte antigen(HLA) typing play a pivotal role in improving organ allocation and afford better matches to recipients.Understanding crossmatch as well as HLA typing for renal transplantation and applying it in clinical practice is the key step to achieve a successful outcome.Interpretation of crossmatch results can be quite challenging where clinicians have not had formal training in applied transplant immunology.This review aims to provide a worked example using a clinical vignette.Furthermore,each technique is discussed in detail with its pros and cons.The index case is that of a young male with ESRD secondary to Lupus nephritis.He is offered a deceased donor kidney with a 1-0-0 mismatch.His complement dependent cytotoxicity(CDC) crossmatch reported positive for B lymphocyte,but flow cytometry crossmatch(FCXM) was reported negative for both B and T lymphocytes.Luminex-SAB(single antigen bead) did not identify any donor specific antibodies(DSA).He never had a blood transfusion.The positive CDCcrossmatch result is not concordant with DSA status.These implausible results are due to underlying lupus erythematosus,leading to false-positive B-lymphocyte crossmatch as a result of binding immune complexes to Fc-receptors.False positive report of CDC crossmatch can be caused by the underlying autoimmune diseases such as lupus erythematosus,that may lead to inadvertent refusal of adequate kidney grafts.Detailed study of DSA by molecular technique would prevent wrong exclusion of such donors.Based on these investigations this patient is deemed to have "standard immunological risk" for renal transplantation.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China titled Study on Mechanism and Quantitative Methods of Ecological Water Requirements in Typical Watersheds of Northeastern China (Grant No. 40571029)project (KZCX2-YW-Q06-1),Program of Knowledge Innovation,Chinese Academy of Sciences
文摘The upper and middle reaches of the Taoer River,a representative ecologically sensitive area,has experienced great climate change and rapid agricultural and industrial development since 1961.There is therefore an urgent need to evaluate the impact of climate change and human activities on stream flows to serve better the water resource management in this region.The nonparametric Mann-Kendall test and moving t-test were used to identify trends and change points in stream flow,precipitation and potential evapotranspiration data series.A significant upward trend has been found in annual stream flow,with an abrupt change identified in 1985 at the Taonan station which is the station that controls the entire study area.The stream flow data was divided into a baseline period and a period of change.Both Fu and Zhang's functions were employed to evaluate the impacts of variation in climate and human activities on mean annual stream flow,based on precipitation and potential evaporation.Analysis of the increase in mean annual stream flow between the baseline and the period of change indicated that climate change accounted for about 45% of the total increase and human activities were responsible for about 55%.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grants No.41006046and51061130545)the Special Fund for Public Welfare Industry of Ministry of Water Resources of China(GrantNo.201301072)+1 种基金the New Teachers'Fund for Doctor Stations of the Ministry of Education of China(GrantNo.20100094120008)the Special Fund of State Key Laboratory of Hydrology-Water Resources and Hydraulic Engineering of Hohai University(Grants No.2009586712and2009585812)
文摘Flow discharge from the river basin into the sea has severe impacts on the immediate vicinity of river channels, estuaries, and coastal areas. This paper analyzes the features and temporal trends of flow discharge at Pearl River's three main gauge stations: the Wuzhou, Shijiao, and Boluo gauge stations on the West River, North River, and East River, respectively. The results show no significant trend in annual mean discharge into the sea at the three gauge stations. Changes of monthly mean discharge at the Boluo Gauge Station are evident, and a majority of monthly discharge in the dry season displays significant increasing trends. Furthermore, changes of the extreme discharge are quite evident, with a significant decreasing trend in the annual maximum discharge and a significant increasing trend in the minimum one. The significantly decreasing ratio of the flood discharge to annual discharge at the Boluo Gauge Station indicates that the flow discharge from the East River has increased in the dry season and decreased in the flood season since the construction of dams and reservoirs. At the other two gauge stations, the Wuzhou and Shijiao gauge stations, the seasonal discharge generally does not change perceptibly. Human impacts, especially those pertaining to reservoir and dam construction, appear to be responsible for the seasonal variation of flow discharge. The results indicate that the construction and operation of dams and reservoirs in the East River have a greater influence on flow discharge, which can well explain why the seasonal variation of flow discharge from the East River is more evident.
