[Objectives]To study the antioxidant and hypoglycemic effects of different parts of Ardisia gigantifolia Stapf.[Methods]The hydroxyl radical scavenging activity,DPPH radical scavenging activity and total antioxidant c...[Objectives]To study the antioxidant and hypoglycemic effects of different parts of Ardisia gigantifolia Stapf.[Methods]The hydroxyl radical scavenging activity,DPPH radical scavenging activity and total antioxidant capacity of ABTS of 75%ethanol extract of A.gigantifolia Stapf and the petroleum ether,ethyl acetate,n-butanol,chloroform and aqueous extract were measured with Vc as positive control.At the same time,acarbose was used as reference substance to determine the inhibitory effect of each polar site onα-glucosidase.[Results]All parts of A.gigantifolia Stapf had antioxidant activity,among which ethyl acetate had the strongest antioxidant activity,and the scavenging rate of hydroxyl radical and DPPH radical was higher than that of positive control.The results showed that petroleum ether,ethyl acetate and chloroform had a good inhibitory effect onα-glucosidase(better than acarbose).[Conclusions]The ethyl acetate part of A.gigantifolia Stapf had the best antioxidant activity and inhibitory effect onα-glucosidase.It provides a basis for further research and development of A.gigantifolia Stapf.展开更多
Objective:To explore the effect of outpatient nursing interventions on the hypoglycemic treatment and psychological emotions of diabetic patients.Methods:148 patients who came to our hospital for outpatient treatment ...Objective:To explore the effect of outpatient nursing interventions on the hypoglycemic treatment and psychological emotions of diabetic patients.Methods:148 patients who came to our hospital for outpatient treatment from February 2022 to October 2023 were selected and divided into a control group and an observation group,with 74 cases per group,according to the random number table method.The control group received routine nursing intervention,and the observation group received outpatient nursing intervention based on the control group.The two groups were observed for their effects of hypoglycemic treatment and psychological and emotional improvement before and after outpatient nursing intervention.Results:The health behavior scores of the control group were lower than that of the observation group;the post-intervention fasting blood glucose,2h postprandial blood glucose,anxiety self-rating scale(SAS),and the depression self-rating scale(SDS)of the control group were significantly higher than that of the observation group,and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.01).Conclusion:Outpatient nursing intervention encouraged patients to comply with healthy behaviors and helped control blood sugar levels.Patients’anxiety,depression,and other adverse psychological states were also improved hence the outpatient nursing intervention is worthy of further promotion.展开更多
Diabetes mellitus(DM)is a common multifactorial disease,causing various complications,such as chronic metabolism.The current therapies for diabetes mellitus are commercial diabetic drugs that have different definite s...Diabetes mellitus(DM)is a common multifactorial disease,causing various complications,such as chronic metabolism.The current therapies for diabetes mellitus are commercial diabetic drugs that have different definite side effect.However,polysaccharides mainly extracted from natural resources,have advantages of safety,accessibility,and anti-diabetic potential.We have summarized recent research of natural polysaccharides with hypoglycemic activities,focusing on different pharmacological mechanisms in various cell and animal models.The relationships of structure-hypoglycemic effect are also discussed in detail.This review could provide a comprehensive perspective for better understanding on development and mechanism of natural polysaccharides against diabetes mellitus,which have been required by clinical studies yet.展开更多
The unripe palmleaf raspberry,namely Fupenzi(FPZ),is an important medicinal and edible food.This study aims to evaluate the potential of FPZ extracts prepared with different approaches in attenuating hyperglycemia,gou...The unripe palmleaf raspberry,namely Fupenzi(FPZ),is an important medicinal and edible food.This study aims to evaluate the potential of FPZ extracts prepared with different approaches in attenuating hyperglycemia,gout,Alzheimer’s disease,and pigmentation,to obtain the enriching fraction and to identify the major active compounds.Results indicated that FPZ extracts showed weak activity against acetylcholinesterase,considerable ability against tyrosinase and xanthine oxidase,but excellent inhibition onα-glucosidase.Ultrasound-assisted 40%ethanol extract(40EUS)gave the highest phenolics content,and the bestα-glucosidase inhibition(IC_(50)=0.08μg/mL),which is 877-fold higher than that of positive control acarbose.The 40%ethanol eluting fraction of 40EUS showed the strongestα-glucosidase inhibition with the IC_(50) value of 37.79 ng/mL,it could also effectively attenuate the fasting blood glucose level and oral glucose tolerance of C57BL/6 mice.Twenty-six compounds were identified from 40%ethanol fraction by using HPLC-QTOF-MS/MS,hydrolysable tannins(including 11 ellagitannins and 4 gallotannins)were the major compounds,phenolic acids came to the second.Above results could provide important technical supporting for the further application and research of FPZ in health foods and drugs against diabetes.展开更多
Objective:To investigate the hypoglycemic,hypolipidemic and antioxidant activities of aqueous extract of Terminalia paniculata bark(AETPB) in streptozotocin(STZ)-mduced diabetic rats.Methods:Acute toxicity was studied...Objective:To investigate the hypoglycemic,hypolipidemic and antioxidant activities of aqueous extract of Terminalia paniculata bark(AETPB) in streptozotocin(STZ)-mduced diabetic rats.Methods:Acute toxicity was studied in rats after the oral administration of AETPB to determine the dose to assess hypoglycemic activity.In rats,diabetes was induced by injection of STZ(60 mg/kg,i.p.) and diabetes was confirmed 72 h after induction,and then allowed for 14 days to stabilize blood glucose level.In diabetic rats,AETPB was orally given for 28 days and its effect on blood glucose and body weight was determined on a weekly basis.At the end of the experimental day,fasting blood sample was collected to estimate the haemoglobin(Hb),glycosylated haemoglobin(HbA1c),serum creatinine,urea,serum glutamate-pyruvate transaminase(SGPT),serum glutamate-oxaloacetate transaminase(SGOT) and insulin levels. The liver and kidney were collected to determine antioxidants levels in diabetic rats.Results: Oral administration of AETPB did not exhibit toxicity and death at a dose of 2000 mg/kg.AETPB treated diabetic rats significantly(P<0.001,P<0.01 and P<0.05) reduced elevated blood glucose, HbAlc,creatinine,urea,SGPT and SGOT levels when compared with diabetic control rats.The body weight,Hb,insulin and total protein levels were significantly(P<0.001,P<0.01 and P<0.05) increased in diabetic rats treated with AETPB compared to diabetic control rats.In diabetic rats, AETPB treatment significantly reversed abnormal status of antioxidants and lipid profile levels towards near normal levels compared to diabetic control rats.Conclusions:Present study results confirm that AETPB possesses significant hypoglycemic,hypolipidemic and antioxidant activities in diabetic condition.展开更多
Objective:To evaluate the hypoglycemic effect of Brassica juncea(seeds) on streptozotocin induced diabetic male albino rats.Methods:Hypoglycemic activity of Brassica juncea(seeds)aqueous extract at a dose of 250,350 a...Objective:To evaluate the hypoglycemic effect of Brassica juncea(seeds) on streptozotocin induced diabetic male albino rats.Methods:Hypoglycemic activity of Brassica juncea(seeds)aqueous extract at a dose of 250,350 and 450 mg/kg body weight was evaluated.Adult male Swiss albino rats of six numbers in each group was undertaken for study and evaluated.Results:The serum insulin levels were recorded a significant depletion in all groups,short term as well as long term diabetic animals,when compared to that of normal animals.A significant dosage dependent augmenting effect of the seed extract on the serum insulin was recorded in both short term as well as long term groups.Conclusions:The aqueous seed extract of Brassica juncea has potent hypoglycemic activity in male albino rat.展开更多
Objective:To investigate the therapeutic effects of methanol extract of Citrus macroptera Montr,fruit inα-amylase inhibitory activity(in vitro)and hypoglycemic activity in normal and glucose induced hyperglycemic rat...Objective:To investigate the therapeutic effects of methanol extract of Citrus macroptera Montr,fruit inα-amylase inhibitory activity(in vitro)and hypoglycemic activity in normal and glucose induced hyperglycemic rats(in vivo).Methods:Fruits of Citrus macroptera without rind was extracted with pure methanol following cold extraction and tested for presence of phytochemical constituents,α-amylase inhibitory activity,and hypoglycemic effect in normal rats and glucose induced hyperglycemic rats.Results:Presence of saponin,steroid and terpenoid were identified in the extract.The results showed that fruit extract had moderateα-amylase inhibitory activity[IC_(50)value=(3.638±0.190)mg/mL]as compared to acarbose.Moreover at 500 mg/kg and 1000 mg/kg doses fruit extract significantly(P<0.05 and P<0.01 respectively)reduced fasting blood glucose level in normal rats as compared to glibenclamide(5 mg/kg).In oral glucose tolerance test,500 mg/kg dose significantly reduced blood glucose level(P<0.05)at 2 h but 1000 mg/kg dose significantly reduced blood glucose level at 2 h and 3 h(P<0.05 and P<0.01 respectively)whereas glibenclamide(5 mg/kg)significantly reduced glucose level at every hour after administration.Overall time effect is also considered extremely significant with F value=23.83 and P value=0.0001 in oral glucose tolerance test.Conclusion:These findings suggest that the plant may be a potential source for the development of new oral hypoglycemic agent.展开更多
Murry et al in 1986 discovered the intrinsic mechanism of profound protection called ischemic preconditioning. The complex cellular signaling cascades underlying this phenomenon remain controversial and are only parti...Murry et al in 1986 discovered the intrinsic mechanism of profound protection called ischemic preconditioning. The complex cellular signaling cascades underlying this phenomenon remain controversial and are only partially understood. However, evidence suggests that adenosine, released during the initial ischemic insult, activates a variety of G protein-coupled agonists, such as opioids, bradykinin, and catecholamines, resulting in the activation of protein kinases, especially protein kinase C(PKC). This leads to the translocation of PKC from the cytoplasm to the sarcolemma, where it stimulates the opening of the ATP-sensitive K+ channel, which confers resistance to ischemia. It is known that a range of different hypoglycemic agents that activate the same signaling cascades at various cellular levels can interfere with protection from ischemic preconditioning. This review examines the effects of several hypoglycemic agents on myocardial ischemic preconditioning in animal studies and clinical trials.展开更多
This study aimed to isolate and characterize the structures of glycoproteins from peas and determine their hypoglycemic activity.The crude pea glycoproteins(PGP)were extracted by hot water and purified by diethylamino...This study aimed to isolate and characterize the structures of glycoproteins from peas and determine their hypoglycemic activity.The crude pea glycoproteins(PGP)were extracted by hot water and purified by diethylaminoethyl(DEAE)-Sepharose chromatography and Sephadex G-100 size-exclusion chromatography in sequence.Then three main fractions were obtained,namely PGP1,PGP2 and PGP3,with molecular weights of 897615,846740 and 1194692 Da,respectively.The physical and chemical properties of the three fractions were evaluated and compared by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy(FT-IR),nuclear magnetic resonance(NMR),scanning electron microscope(SEM),high performance liquid chromatography(HPLC)and other analytical techniques.The fraction PGP2 with the highest hypoglycemic activity,was screened using the Caco-2 monolayer cell model.It can inhibit the uptake of glucose in the small intestine,as well as the activities of maltase and sucrase.After simulated gastrointestinal digestion,PGP2 signifi cantly enhanced the inhibitory effect of α-glucosidase,and slightly reduced the inhibitory ability ofα-amylase.In summary,PGP2 possessed strong hypoglycemic activity after digestion.These results indicated that PGP2 has the potential to be developed into a functional food or natural medicine for the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus.展开更多
Auricularia auricula(AA)and Auricularia polytricha(AP)are popular edible fungi.This study successfully produced hypoglycemic polysaccharides from un-smashed or smashing and sieving(through a 10-mesh sieve)AA and AP(te...Auricularia auricula(AA)and Auricularia polytricha(AP)are popular edible fungi.This study successfully produced hypoglycemic polysaccharides from un-smashed or smashing and sieving(through a 10-mesh sieve)AA and AP(termed as AAP/AAP-10 and APP/APP-10)via scalable processes(water extraction,ethanolic precipitation and deproteinization).This is the first report to compare the effectiveness of AAP and APP in combating streptozotocin-induced oxidative stress and diabetes-related changes in mice(body weight,fasting blood glucose,serum insulin,proinflammatory mediator and cytokines,oxidative stress-related products,antioxidant enzymes).APP and AAP with different molecular weights and monosaccharide molar ratios could be therapeutic options for diabetes with a low dose(100 mg/kg/day)likely working better.At the same dose,APP generally performed more effective than AAP,and AAP-10/APP-10 seemed slightly more beneficial than AAP/APP.One mechanism underlying these antidiabetic functions might involve the NF-κB and associated signalling pathways.AP is cheaper than AA,thereby representing a favorable source of functional polysaccharides.展开更多
Objective:To investigate the interacting effects of co-administration of methanol leaf extract of Catharanthus roseus（C.roseus） on the hypoglycemic activity of metformin as well as glibenclamide using experimental r...Objective:To investigate the interacting effects of co-administration of methanol leaf extract of Catharanthus roseus（C.roseus） on the hypoglycemic activity of metformin as well as glibenclamide using experimental rats.Methods:Phytochemical analysis as well as acute toxicity and lethality(LD<sub>50</sub>) test were carried out on its methanol leaf extract.The alloxan model for experimental induction of diabetes in rats was employed.Six groups comprising five rats each were used.GroupsⅡ,ⅢandⅣreceived 250 mg/kg of extract,100 mg/kg of metformin and 1 mg/kg of glibenclamide respectively,while V and VI were administered metformin-extract and glibenclamide-extract combinations respectively at doses as above.Group I served as negative control and received only distilled water.All administration was done once daily for seven days. Fasting blood glucose was determined at 2,12,24,72 and 168 h using a glucometer.One-way ANOVA with post-hoc tests was used to assess for significant difference due to administration of drug alone and with co-administration of drug and extract.Results:The LD<sub>50</sub> was 2 121.32 mg/kg. The phytochemical studies indicated the presence of saponins,tannins,alkaloids,phlotatannins, flavonoids,triterpenoids,reducing sugars,anthraquinones and glycosides.All medicaments significantly reduced blood glucose levels when compared with control alone（P【0.05） with the highest percentage reduction in blood glucose（64.86%） exhibited by metformin-extract combination.Conclusions:The leaf extract of C.roseus significandy increases the hypoglycemic effect of metformin.展开更多
The effects of two different drying methods,namely hot-air drying and freeze drying,on the phenolic profiles,antioxidant and hypoglycemic activities of pulp extracts from two main Chinese bayberry cultivars(’Biqi’or...The effects of two different drying methods,namely hot-air drying and freeze drying,on the phenolic profiles,antioxidant and hypoglycemic activities of pulp extracts from two main Chinese bayberry cultivars(’Biqi’or’BQ’and’Dongkui’or’DK’)were evaluated.The results showed that’BQ’bayberry provided higher total phenolic(TPC),total flavonoid(TFC)and total anthocyanin(TAC)contents than’DK’bayberry after the same drying method,while its antioxidant and hypoglycemic activities were highly affected by drying method.Freeze-dried samples possessed significantly higher TPC,TFC and TAC,and exhibited more potent antioxidant and hypoglycemic activities than hot-air dried ones(P<0.05).Freeze-dried’DK’bayberry exhibited similar antioxidant activities and a-amylase inhibitory activity,but higher a-glucosidase inhibition than freeze-dried’BQ’bayberry(P<0.05).Compared with hot-air dried samples,freeze-dried samples had significantly higher contents of cyanidin-3-O-glucoside,myricitin-3-O-rhamnoside,quercetin-3-O-galactoside,quercetin-3-O-glucoside and quercetin-3-O-rhamnoside,which had been proved to be the main contributors to the in vitro hypoglycemic activities of bayberry pulp extract.All these results demonstrate that freeze drying is more suitable for the preservation of phenolic components in the pulp extract of Chinese bayberry,and the pulp extract of freeze-dried’DK’could be applied as a potential hypoglycemic food additive.展开更多
[Objectives] To explore the antioxidant activity of Sambucus williamsii seed oil. [Methods]DPPH scavenging method and Prussian blue method( total reducing power) were used. S. williamsii seed oil has antioxidant activ...[Objectives] To explore the antioxidant activity of Sambucus williamsii seed oil. [Methods]DPPH scavenging method and Prussian blue method( total reducing power) were used. S. williamsii seed oil has antioxidant activity. In the DPPH scavenging free radical experiment,S. williamsii oil showed the ability to scavenge free radicals,and its scavenging ability had linear relationship with oil concentration( R =0. 999 6). Besides,the IC_(50) value of S. williamsii seed oil scavenging DPPH free radicals was 61. 30 ± 0. 88 mg/mL. In the total reducing power measurement experiment,the S. williamsii seed oil has a reducing ability,and its reducing ability is proportional to the oil concentration,and has the concentration dependence. Through studying the inhibitory effect of S. williamsii seed oil on α-glucosidase,the hypoglycemic activity of S. williamsii seed oil was determined. The ability of samples to inhibit α-glucosidase was judged through measuring the absorbance at 400 nm of the reaction system. [Results]In the concentration range of 1. 56-25. 00 mg/mL,the S. williamsii seed oil can effectively inhibit α-glucosidase,and the inhibition rate was 62. 66%-85. 22%. The animal in vivo experiment was used to determine the hypolipidemic activity of the S. williamsii seed oil. First,a high fat modelwas established,S. williamsii seed oil was given through intragastric administration. Then,total cholesterol( TC),triglyceride( TG),high-density lipoprotein cholesterol( HDL-C),and low density lipoprotein cholesterol( LDL-C) were measured. Through comparison of high,medium and low dose groups of S. williamsii seed oil with the high fat modelcontrol group,it was found that the TC,TG,LDL-C levels were significantly decreased( P < 0. 01) and the HDL-C levels were significantly increased( P < 0. 05),indicating that S. williamsii seed oil can effectively reduce the levels of TC,TG,LDL-C in the serum of hyperlipidemic mice,and effectively inhibit the decrease of HDL-C level,thus S. williamsii seed oil can reduce blood lipids in mice,namely,has hypolipidemic effects. In addition,the greater the dose of S. williamsii seed oil,the more obvious the effect of blood lipid levels in mice,indicating that the hypolipidemic effect of S. williamsii seed oil was dose dependent. [Conclusions] S. williamsii seed oil has reducing ability,and there is a significant dose-effect relationship in the concentration range of 2-10 mg/mL. As natural plant oil,S. williamsii seed oil has the advantages of good stability,small toxic and side effects,and strong effect,and has high value of developing new antioxidants.展开更多
Objective:To verify the antidiabetic potential of stem bark of Albizzia lebbeck(A.lebbeck)and seeds of Mucuna prurient(M.pruriens)using various in vitro techniques.Methods:The plant extracts were studied for their eff...Objective:To verify the antidiabetic potential of stem bark of Albizzia lebbeck(A.lebbeck)and seeds of Mucuna prurient(M.pruriens)using various in vitro techniques.Methods:The plant extracts were studied for their effects on glucose adsorption,diffusion amylolysis kinetics and glucose transport across yeast cells.Results:Both the plant extracts adsorbed glucose and the adsorption of glucose increased remarkably with an increase in glucose concentration.No significant(P≤0.05)differences were observed between the adsorption capacities of A.lebbeck and M.pruriens.In amylolysis kinetic experimental model the rale of glucose diffusion was found to increase with lime from 30 to 180min,and both the plant extracts demonstrated significant inhibitory effects on movement of glucose into external solution across dialysis membrane as compared to control.The retardation of glucose diffusion by A.lebbeck extract was significantly higher(P≤0.05)than M.pruriens.These effects were reflected with higher glucose dialysis retardation index values for A.lebbeck than M.pruriens.The plant extracts also promoted glucose uptake by yeast cells.The rate of uptake of glucose into yeast cells was linear in all the 5 glucose concentrations used in the study.M.pruriens extract exhibited significantly higher(P≤0.05)activity than the extract of A.lebbeck at all concentrations.Conclusions:The results verified the antidiabetic potential of A.lebbeck and M.pruriens.The hypoglycemic effect exhibited by the extracts is mediated by increasing glucose adsorption,decreasing glucose diffusion rate and at the cellular level by promoting glucose transport across the cell membrane as revealed by simple in vitro model of yeast cells.展开更多
Objective: To elucidate the in vivo hypoglycemic capability, antihyperglycemic and antihyperlipidemic activities of Pereskia bleo(Kunth) leaves extracts and bioactive fraction. Methods: The various solvent extracts of...Objective: To elucidate the in vivo hypoglycemic capability, antihyperglycemic and antihyperlipidemic activities of Pereskia bleo(Kunth) leaves extracts and bioactive fraction. Methods: The various solvent extracts of Pereskia bleo were investigated for the hypoglycemic and antihyperglycemic activities using a relevant in vivo normal rat model and streptozotocininduced diabetic rat model with glibenclamide and metformin utilized as positive controls. The effects of the most potent extract and its bioactive fraction on the insulin level, lipid profile and body weight of the diabetic rats were also analyzed. Results: All the extracts showed no hypoglycemic effect while petroleum ether, chloroform and aqueous extracts demonstrated significant(P<0.05) reduction in blood sugar level in the intraperitoneal glucose tolerance test. Aqueous extract and aqueous fraction significantly(P<0.05) reduced the blood glucose level in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats as early as day 6 compared to the diabetic control as well as significantly restored the serum insulin of diabetic rats. Moreover, the aqueous extract and aqueous fraction disclosed a significant(P<0.05) reduction in total cholesterol, triglycerides, and low-density lipoprotein levels. An elevation in high-density lipoprotein as well as improved body weight loss of the diabetic rats were also observed. Conclusions: In summary, Pereskia bleo appears effective in the management of diabetes and correlated impairments arising from high blood sugar level. Further studies will possibly bring about the discovery of effective and secure plant derived antidiabetic drugs.展开更多
This study was undertaken to evaluate the hypoglycemic and hypolipidemic effect of Momordica charantia (wild and hybrid variety) powder on alloxan induced type 2 diabetic male Long-Evans rats. Oral feeding of the M. c...This study was undertaken to evaluate the hypoglycemic and hypolipidemic effect of Momordica charantia (wild and hybrid variety) powder on alloxan induced type 2 diabetic male Long-Evans rats. Oral feeding of the M. charantia powder slightly decreased serum total cholesterol, triglyceride levels and LDL-cholesterol compared with wild, hybrid and standard drug. M. charantia wild variety showed more significant (p M. charantia did not show any significant effect on HDL-cholesterol and liver glycogen. Thus, results of the study prove that the wild variety of M. charantia fruit have potent antidiabetic and antilipidemic property.展开更多
Objective:To evaluate the hypoglycemic and hypocholesterolemic activities of the aqueous preparation of Kalanchoe pinnata(K.pinnata) leaves in streplozotocin-induced diabetic rats.Methods:Diabetes mellitus was induced...Objective:To evaluate the hypoglycemic and hypocholesterolemic activities of the aqueous preparation of Kalanchoe pinnata(K.pinnata) leaves in streplozotocin-induced diabetic rats.Methods:Diabetes mellitus was induced in rats by a single administration of streptozotocin(60 mg/Kg).Diabetic rats were then treated with aqueous K.pinnata for 30 d.Serum glucose,proteins.lipid composition,liver and kidney function indices,inflammatory markers,and key enzymes of hepatic carbohydrate and lipid metabolism were determined.Results:The untreated and treated diabetic groups lost weight and consumed less food compared to the normal group.We noted 37.9%decrease in fasting blood glucose in the treated diabetic group compared to 13.2%and 17.0%increases in normal and untreated diabetic groups respectively.Serum cholesterol and triglyceride levels were significantly(P<0.05) reduced in the treated diabetic group compared to the untreated diabetic group.Blood urea nitrogen was significantly(P<0.05) elevated in the untreated and treated diabetic groups compared lo the normal group.Serum alkaline phosphatase and hepatic pyruvate kinase activities were significantly(P<0.05) elevated in the treated diabetic group.Scrum albumin level was signilieantiy(P<0.05) reduced in the untreated diabetic group.Serum IL-6 was significantly(P<0.05) depressed in the treated diabetic group.Conclusions:The observed decrease in body weight,blood glucose and cholesterol level suggests that the aqueous K.pinnata preparation consumption may be beneficial in the management of diabetes mellitus.The observed adverse effect on alkaline phosphatase activity may be due to the combined effect of streptozotocin-induced diabetes and K.pinnata preparation administration.展开更多
AIM: To investigate the presence and potency of natural enzyme inhibitors with hypoglycemic potentials amongst Eucalyptus Spp. by in vitro assays.METHODS: The leaf extracts of the three different Eucalyptus species [E...AIM: To investigate the presence and potency of natural enzyme inhibitors with hypoglycemic potentials amongst Eucalyptus Spp. by in vitro assays.METHODS: The leaf extracts of the three different Eucalyptus species [E. globulus(EG), E. citriodora(EC), E. camaldulensis(ECA)] were subjected to in vitro assay procedures to explore the prevalence of natural enzyme inhibitors(NEIs) after preliminary qualitative and quantitative phytochemical evaluations, to study their inhibitory actions against the enzymes like α-amylase, α-glucosidase, aldose reductase, angiotensin converting enzyme and dipeptidyl peptidase 4 playing pathogenic roles in type 2 diabetes. The antioxidant potential and total antioxidant capacity of the species were also evaluated.RESULTS: Major bioactive compounds like polyphenols(341.75 ± 3.63 to 496.85 ± 3.98) and flavonoids(4.89 ± 0.01 to 7.15 ± 0.02) were found in appreciable quantity in three species. Based on the IC50 values of the extracts under investigation, in all assays the effectivity was in the order of EG > ECA > EC. The results of the ferric reducing antioxidant power assay showed that the reducing ability of the species was also in the order of EG > ECA > EC. A strong correlation(R2 = 0.81-0.99) was found between the phenolic contents and the inhibitory potentials of the extracts against the targeted enzymes.CONCLUSION: These results show immense hypoglycemic potentiality of the Eucalyptus Spp. and a remarkable source of NEIs for a future phytotherapeutic approach in Type 2 diabetes.展开更多
OBJECTIVE Vanadium is a necessary trace element in the human body and has a certain role in the treatment and prevention of diabetes.Organic vanadium is more easily absorbed and less toxic than inorganic vanadium.Thus...OBJECTIVE Vanadium is a necessary trace element in the human body and has a certain role in the treatment and prevention of diabetes.Organic vanadium is more easily absorbed and less toxic than inorganic vanadium.Thus,in this study,vanadium complex was synthesized from genistein which had good hypoglycemic activity and inor⁃ganic vanadium element,and its hypoglycemic activity and acute oral toxicity were studied.METHODS The vanadium genistein complex was synthesized by chelating vanadium with genistein in methanol and its structure was determined by LC-MS,atomic absorption spectroscopy,UV-visible spectroscopy,elemental and thermodynamic analysis.The antidiabetic activity of the complex was assessed in db/db mice and C57 mice by daily oral gavage for 4 weeks.These db/db mice were divided into test groups〔high(30 mg·kg^-1),medium(20 mg·kg^-1)and low(10 mg·kg^-1)dose group〕,model group,genistein group,inorganic vanadium group,each group of 8;8 C57 mice was for normal control group.The acute toxicity test was carried out on KM mice with this complex by a maximum limit dose method.Randomly 20 healthy KM mice were divided into negative control group and test group,each group of 10,male and female half.RESULTS The molecular structure of this complex was inferred as a complex(VL2)formed by two ligands and one vanadium element.It was found that its hypoglycemic activity was better than that of genistein and inorganic vanadium.The hypoglycemic activity of the high dose group was better than that of the medium dose group and low dose group.The complex can signifi⁃cantly improve the body mass of db/db mice,fasting blood glucose,random blood glucose,liver/body,kidney/body,and the performance of oral glucose tolerance test and insulin tolerance test in db/db mice.The morphology of liver,kidney,pancreas and skeletal muscle also had obvious improvement and repair.Effect on serum index of db/db mice showed that,total cholesterol,triglyceride,low-density lipoprotein cholesterol had no significant improvement compared with the model group,but high-density lipoprotein cholesterol of complex group had significant improvement compared with the model group.In addition,this complex did not produce any hazardous symptoms or deaths in acute oral toxicity test.CONCLUSION complex has good hypoglycemic activity in vivo,and did not have the potential toxicity.This would provide an important reference for the development of functional hypoglycemic foods.展开更多
Plant polysaccharides have an excellent hypoglycemic effect through various ways such as promoting insulin secretion,improving insulin resistance,regulating related enzyme activities,improving sugar,protein and fat me...Plant polysaccharides have an excellent hypoglycemic effect through various ways such as promoting insulin secretion,improving insulin resistance,regulating related enzyme activities,improving sugar,protein and fat metabolism,promoting hepatic glycogen synthesis,inhibiting gluconeogenesis,and improving immune system function and resistance.At present,more than 200 polysaccharides derived from traditional Chinese medicines have been reported,and most of them are isolated and purified from plants.With the deepening of research on plant polysaccharides,more and more attention has been paid to the development of safe and economical natural hypoglycemic products.This paper first introduced the hypoglycemic effects of Folium Mori polysaccharides,Cucurbita moschata polysaccharides,Momordica charantia polysaccharides,Dioscoreae Rhizoma polysaccharides and Camellia sinensis O.Kuntze polysaccharides.Besides,it discussed the utilization ways of hypoglycemic plant polysaccharides,and the prospects of applying polysaccharide hypoglycemic effect to diabetes treatment,so as to provide reference for the research and utilization of plant polysaccharide hypoglycemic effects and the development of natural hypoglycemic foods.展开更多
基金Supported by Guilin Scientific Research and Technology Development Plan Project(2020011203-2)Guangxi Science and Technology Major Project(GuiKe AA22096020)+2 种基金Guilin Scientific Research and Technology Development Plan Project(20220104-4,20210202-1,2020011203-1)Open Project of Guangxi Key Laboratory of Cancer Immunology and Microenvironment Regulation(2022KF005)Central Fund for Guiding Local Science and Technology Development(ZY20230102).
文摘[Objectives]To study the antioxidant and hypoglycemic effects of different parts of Ardisia gigantifolia Stapf.[Methods]The hydroxyl radical scavenging activity,DPPH radical scavenging activity and total antioxidant capacity of ABTS of 75%ethanol extract of A.gigantifolia Stapf and the petroleum ether,ethyl acetate,n-butanol,chloroform and aqueous extract were measured with Vc as positive control.At the same time,acarbose was used as reference substance to determine the inhibitory effect of each polar site onα-glucosidase.[Results]All parts of A.gigantifolia Stapf had antioxidant activity,among which ethyl acetate had the strongest antioxidant activity,and the scavenging rate of hydroxyl radical and DPPH radical was higher than that of positive control.The results showed that petroleum ether,ethyl acetate and chloroform had a good inhibitory effect onα-glucosidase(better than acarbose).[Conclusions]The ethyl acetate part of A.gigantifolia Stapf had the best antioxidant activity and inhibitory effect onα-glucosidase.It provides a basis for further research and development of A.gigantifolia Stapf.
文摘Objective:To explore the effect of outpatient nursing interventions on the hypoglycemic treatment and psychological emotions of diabetic patients.Methods:148 patients who came to our hospital for outpatient treatment from February 2022 to October 2023 were selected and divided into a control group and an observation group,with 74 cases per group,according to the random number table method.The control group received routine nursing intervention,and the observation group received outpatient nursing intervention based on the control group.The two groups were observed for their effects of hypoglycemic treatment and psychological and emotional improvement before and after outpatient nursing intervention.Results:The health behavior scores of the control group were lower than that of the observation group;the post-intervention fasting blood glucose,2h postprandial blood glucose,anxiety self-rating scale(SAS),and the depression self-rating scale(SDS)of the control group were significantly higher than that of the observation group,and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.01).Conclusion:Outpatient nursing intervention encouraged patients to comply with healthy behaviors and helped control blood sugar levels.Patients’anxiety,depression,and other adverse psychological states were also improved hence the outpatient nursing intervention is worthy of further promotion.
基金financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(32201969)Natural Science Foundation of Henan Province(212300410297)+3 种基金Basic Research Plan of Higher Education School Key Scientific Research Project of Henan Province(21A550014)Doctoral Research Foundation of Zhengzhou University of Light Industry(2020BSJJ015)Program for Science and Technology Innovation Talents in Universities of Henan Province(20HASTIT037)Youth Talents Project of Henan Province(2020HYTP046).
文摘Diabetes mellitus(DM)is a common multifactorial disease,causing various complications,such as chronic metabolism.The current therapies for diabetes mellitus are commercial diabetic drugs that have different definite side effect.However,polysaccharides mainly extracted from natural resources,have advantages of safety,accessibility,and anti-diabetic potential.We have summarized recent research of natural polysaccharides with hypoglycemic activities,focusing on different pharmacological mechanisms in various cell and animal models.The relationships of structure-hypoglycemic effect are also discussed in detail.This review could provide a comprehensive perspective for better understanding on development and mechanism of natural polysaccharides against diabetes mellitus,which have been required by clinical studies yet.
基金the financial support of National Natural Science Foundation of China(31860475)Key Youth Foundation of Jiangxi Province(20192ACB21011)Jiangxi“Shuangqian”Program(JXSQ2018101008).
文摘The unripe palmleaf raspberry,namely Fupenzi(FPZ),is an important medicinal and edible food.This study aims to evaluate the potential of FPZ extracts prepared with different approaches in attenuating hyperglycemia,gout,Alzheimer’s disease,and pigmentation,to obtain the enriching fraction and to identify the major active compounds.Results indicated that FPZ extracts showed weak activity against acetylcholinesterase,considerable ability against tyrosinase and xanthine oxidase,but excellent inhibition onα-glucosidase.Ultrasound-assisted 40%ethanol extract(40EUS)gave the highest phenolics content,and the bestα-glucosidase inhibition(IC_(50)=0.08μg/mL),which is 877-fold higher than that of positive control acarbose.The 40%ethanol eluting fraction of 40EUS showed the strongestα-glucosidase inhibition with the IC_(50) value of 37.79 ng/mL,it could also effectively attenuate the fasting blood glucose level and oral glucose tolerance of C57BL/6 mice.Twenty-six compounds were identified from 40%ethanol fraction by using HPLC-QTOF-MS/MS,hydrolysable tannins(including 11 ellagitannins and 4 gallotannins)were the major compounds,phenolic acids came to the second.Above results could provide important technical supporting for the further application and research of FPZ in health foods and drugs against diabetes.
基金financially supported by Canara Bank,Zamin Uthukuli(grant No.133765125313)
文摘Objective:To investigate the hypoglycemic,hypolipidemic and antioxidant activities of aqueous extract of Terminalia paniculata bark(AETPB) in streptozotocin(STZ)-mduced diabetic rats.Methods:Acute toxicity was studied in rats after the oral administration of AETPB to determine the dose to assess hypoglycemic activity.In rats,diabetes was induced by injection of STZ(60 mg/kg,i.p.) and diabetes was confirmed 72 h after induction,and then allowed for 14 days to stabilize blood glucose level.In diabetic rats,AETPB was orally given for 28 days and its effect on blood glucose and body weight was determined on a weekly basis.At the end of the experimental day,fasting blood sample was collected to estimate the haemoglobin(Hb),glycosylated haemoglobin(HbA1c),serum creatinine,urea,serum glutamate-pyruvate transaminase(SGPT),serum glutamate-oxaloacetate transaminase(SGOT) and insulin levels. The liver and kidney were collected to determine antioxidants levels in diabetic rats.Results: Oral administration of AETPB did not exhibit toxicity and death at a dose of 2000 mg/kg.AETPB treated diabetic rats significantly(P<0.001,P<0.01 and P<0.05) reduced elevated blood glucose, HbAlc,creatinine,urea,SGPT and SGOT levels when compared with diabetic control rats.The body weight,Hb,insulin and total protein levels were significantly(P<0.001,P<0.01 and P<0.05) increased in diabetic rats treated with AETPB compared to diabetic control rats.In diabetic rats, AETPB treatment significantly reversed abnormal status of antioxidants and lipid profile levels towards near normal levels compared to diabetic control rats.Conclusions:Present study results confirm that AETPB possesses significant hypoglycemic,hypolipidemic and antioxidant activities in diabetic condition.
文摘Objective:To evaluate the hypoglycemic effect of Brassica juncea(seeds) on streptozotocin induced diabetic male albino rats.Methods:Hypoglycemic activity of Brassica juncea(seeds)aqueous extract at a dose of 250,350 and 450 mg/kg body weight was evaluated.Adult male Swiss albino rats of six numbers in each group was undertaken for study and evaluated.Results:The serum insulin levels were recorded a significant depletion in all groups,short term as well as long term diabetic animals,when compared to that of normal animals.A significant dosage dependent augmenting effect of the seed extract on the serum insulin was recorded in both short term as well as long term groups.Conclusions:The aqueous seed extract of Brassica juncea has potent hypoglycemic activity in male albino rat.
基金Supported by Laboratory of Natural Products Research.Jahangirnagar University,Dhaka,Bangladesh
文摘Objective:To investigate the therapeutic effects of methanol extract of Citrus macroptera Montr,fruit inα-amylase inhibitory activity(in vitro)and hypoglycemic activity in normal and glucose induced hyperglycemic rats(in vivo).Methods:Fruits of Citrus macroptera without rind was extracted with pure methanol following cold extraction and tested for presence of phytochemical constituents,α-amylase inhibitory activity,and hypoglycemic effect in normal rats and glucose induced hyperglycemic rats.Results:Presence of saponin,steroid and terpenoid were identified in the extract.The results showed that fruit extract had moderateα-amylase inhibitory activity[IC_(50)value=(3.638±0.190)mg/mL]as compared to acarbose.Moreover at 500 mg/kg and 1000 mg/kg doses fruit extract significantly(P<0.05 and P<0.01 respectively)reduced fasting blood glucose level in normal rats as compared to glibenclamide(5 mg/kg).In oral glucose tolerance test,500 mg/kg dose significantly reduced blood glucose level(P<0.05)at 2 h but 1000 mg/kg dose significantly reduced blood glucose level at 2 h and 3 h(P<0.05 and P<0.01 respectively)whereas glibenclamide(5 mg/kg)significantly reduced glucose level at every hour after administration.Overall time effect is also considered extremely significant with F value=23.83 and P value=0.0001 in oral glucose tolerance test.Conclusion:These findings suggest that the plant may be a potential source for the development of new oral hypoglycemic agent.
文摘Murry et al in 1986 discovered the intrinsic mechanism of profound protection called ischemic preconditioning. The complex cellular signaling cascades underlying this phenomenon remain controversial and are only partially understood. However, evidence suggests that adenosine, released during the initial ischemic insult, activates a variety of G protein-coupled agonists, such as opioids, bradykinin, and catecholamines, resulting in the activation of protein kinases, especially protein kinase C(PKC). This leads to the translocation of PKC from the cytoplasm to the sarcolemma, where it stimulates the opening of the ATP-sensitive K+ channel, which confers resistance to ischemia. It is known that a range of different hypoglycemic agents that activate the same signaling cascades at various cellular levels can interfere with protection from ischemic preconditioning. This review examines the effects of several hypoglycemic agents on myocardial ischemic preconditioning in animal studies and clinical trials.
基金The authors would like to show deepest gratitude tothe Earmarked Fund for Jiangsu Agricultural Industry Technology System(JATS[2020]413)Postgraduate Research&Practice Innovation Program of Jiangsu Province(No.KYCX19_0682)forfinancial assistance.
文摘This study aimed to isolate and characterize the structures of glycoproteins from peas and determine their hypoglycemic activity.The crude pea glycoproteins(PGP)were extracted by hot water and purified by diethylaminoethyl(DEAE)-Sepharose chromatography and Sephadex G-100 size-exclusion chromatography in sequence.Then three main fractions were obtained,namely PGP1,PGP2 and PGP3,with molecular weights of 897615,846740 and 1194692 Da,respectively.The physical and chemical properties of the three fractions were evaluated and compared by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy(FT-IR),nuclear magnetic resonance(NMR),scanning electron microscope(SEM),high performance liquid chromatography(HPLC)and other analytical techniques.The fraction PGP2 with the highest hypoglycemic activity,was screened using the Caco-2 monolayer cell model.It can inhibit the uptake of glucose in the small intestine,as well as the activities of maltase and sucrase.After simulated gastrointestinal digestion,PGP2 signifi cantly enhanced the inhibitory effect of α-glucosidase,and slightly reduced the inhibitory ability ofα-amylase.In summary,PGP2 possessed strong hypoglycemic activity after digestion.These results indicated that PGP2 has the potential to be developed into a functional food or natural medicine for the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus.
基金the financial support from National key Technologies R&D Program for 13th Five-year Plan(2016YFD0400803)National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.31201416)Science and Technology Plan of Guangdong Province(2017ZD093).
文摘Auricularia auricula(AA)and Auricularia polytricha(AP)are popular edible fungi.This study successfully produced hypoglycemic polysaccharides from un-smashed or smashing and sieving(through a 10-mesh sieve)AA and AP(termed as AAP/AAP-10 and APP/APP-10)via scalable processes(water extraction,ethanolic precipitation and deproteinization).This is the first report to compare the effectiveness of AAP and APP in combating streptozotocin-induced oxidative stress and diabetes-related changes in mice(body weight,fasting blood glucose,serum insulin,proinflammatory mediator and cytokines,oxidative stress-related products,antioxidant enzymes).APP and AAP with different molecular weights and monosaccharide molar ratios could be therapeutic options for diabetes with a low dose(100 mg/kg/day)likely working better.At the same dose,APP generally performed more effective than AAP,and AAP-10/APP-10 seemed slightly more beneficial than AAP/APP.One mechanism underlying these antidiabetic functions might involve the NF-κB and associated signalling pathways.AP is cheaper than AA,thereby representing a favorable source of functional polysaccharides.
文摘Objective:To investigate the interacting effects of co-administration of methanol leaf extract of Catharanthus roseus（C.roseus） on the hypoglycemic activity of metformin as well as glibenclamide using experimental rats.Methods:Phytochemical analysis as well as acute toxicity and lethality(LD<sub>50</sub>) test were carried out on its methanol leaf extract.The alloxan model for experimental induction of diabetes in rats was employed.Six groups comprising five rats each were used.GroupsⅡ,ⅢandⅣreceived 250 mg/kg of extract,100 mg/kg of metformin and 1 mg/kg of glibenclamide respectively,while V and VI were administered metformin-extract and glibenclamide-extract combinations respectively at doses as above.Group I served as negative control and received only distilled water.All administration was done once daily for seven days. Fasting blood glucose was determined at 2,12,24,72 and 168 h using a glucometer.One-way ANOVA with post-hoc tests was used to assess for significant difference due to administration of drug alone and with co-administration of drug and extract.Results:The LD<sub>50</sub> was 2 121.32 mg/kg. The phytochemical studies indicated the presence of saponins,tannins,alkaloids,phlotatannins, flavonoids,triterpenoids,reducing sugars,anthraquinones and glycosides.All medicaments significantly reduced blood glucose levels when compared with control alone（P【0.05） with the highest percentage reduction in blood glucose（64.86%） exhibited by metformin-extract combination.Conclusions:The leaf extract of C.roseus significandy increases the hypoglycemic effect of metformin.
基金financially supported by the Science and Technology Department of Zhejiang Province under Key Research and Development Project(2017C02004)。
文摘The effects of two different drying methods,namely hot-air drying and freeze drying,on the phenolic profiles,antioxidant and hypoglycemic activities of pulp extracts from two main Chinese bayberry cultivars(’Biqi’or’BQ’and’Dongkui’or’DK’)were evaluated.The results showed that’BQ’bayberry provided higher total phenolic(TPC),total flavonoid(TFC)and total anthocyanin(TAC)contents than’DK’bayberry after the same drying method,while its antioxidant and hypoglycemic activities were highly affected by drying method.Freeze-dried samples possessed significantly higher TPC,TFC and TAC,and exhibited more potent antioxidant and hypoglycemic activities than hot-air dried ones(P<0.05).Freeze-dried’DK’bayberry exhibited similar antioxidant activities and a-amylase inhibitory activity,but higher a-glucosidase inhibition than freeze-dried’BQ’bayberry(P<0.05).Compared with hot-air dried samples,freeze-dried samples had significantly higher contents of cyanidin-3-O-glucoside,myricitin-3-O-rhamnoside,quercetin-3-O-galactoside,quercetin-3-O-glucoside and quercetin-3-O-rhamnoside,which had been proved to be the main contributors to the in vitro hypoglycemic activities of bayberry pulp extract.All these results demonstrate that freeze drying is more suitable for the preservation of phenolic components in the pulp extract of Chinese bayberry,and the pulp extract of freeze-dried’DK’could be applied as a potential hypoglycemic food additive.
基金Supported by Fundamental Research Funds for Research Institutes of Heilongjiang Province(2014-02)Key Project of Longjiang Forest Industry(sgzj Y2014021)
文摘[Objectives] To explore the antioxidant activity of Sambucus williamsii seed oil. [Methods]DPPH scavenging method and Prussian blue method( total reducing power) were used. S. williamsii seed oil has antioxidant activity. In the DPPH scavenging free radical experiment,S. williamsii oil showed the ability to scavenge free radicals,and its scavenging ability had linear relationship with oil concentration( R =0. 999 6). Besides,the IC_(50) value of S. williamsii seed oil scavenging DPPH free radicals was 61. 30 ± 0. 88 mg/mL. In the total reducing power measurement experiment,the S. williamsii seed oil has a reducing ability,and its reducing ability is proportional to the oil concentration,and has the concentration dependence. Through studying the inhibitory effect of S. williamsii seed oil on α-glucosidase,the hypoglycemic activity of S. williamsii seed oil was determined. The ability of samples to inhibit α-glucosidase was judged through measuring the absorbance at 400 nm of the reaction system. [Results]In the concentration range of 1. 56-25. 00 mg/mL,the S. williamsii seed oil can effectively inhibit α-glucosidase,and the inhibition rate was 62. 66%-85. 22%. The animal in vivo experiment was used to determine the hypolipidemic activity of the S. williamsii seed oil. First,a high fat modelwas established,S. williamsii seed oil was given through intragastric administration. Then,total cholesterol( TC),triglyceride( TG),high-density lipoprotein cholesterol( HDL-C),and low density lipoprotein cholesterol( LDL-C) were measured. Through comparison of high,medium and low dose groups of S. williamsii seed oil with the high fat modelcontrol group,it was found that the TC,TG,LDL-C levels were significantly decreased( P < 0. 01) and the HDL-C levels were significantly increased( P < 0. 05),indicating that S. williamsii seed oil can effectively reduce the levels of TC,TG,LDL-C in the serum of hyperlipidemic mice,and effectively inhibit the decrease of HDL-C level,thus S. williamsii seed oil can reduce blood lipids in mice,namely,has hypolipidemic effects. In addition,the greater the dose of S. williamsii seed oil,the more obvious the effect of blood lipid levels in mice,indicating that the hypolipidemic effect of S. williamsii seed oil was dose dependent. [Conclusions] S. williamsii seed oil has reducing ability,and there is a significant dose-effect relationship in the concentration range of 2-10 mg/mL. As natural plant oil,S. williamsii seed oil has the advantages of good stability,small toxic and side effects,and strong effect,and has high value of developing new antioxidants.
文摘Objective:To verify the antidiabetic potential of stem bark of Albizzia lebbeck(A.lebbeck)and seeds of Mucuna prurient(M.pruriens)using various in vitro techniques.Methods:The plant extracts were studied for their effects on glucose adsorption,diffusion amylolysis kinetics and glucose transport across yeast cells.Results:Both the plant extracts adsorbed glucose and the adsorption of glucose increased remarkably with an increase in glucose concentration.No significant(P≤0.05)differences were observed between the adsorption capacities of A.lebbeck and M.pruriens.In amylolysis kinetic experimental model the rale of glucose diffusion was found to increase with lime from 30 to 180min,and both the plant extracts demonstrated significant inhibitory effects on movement of glucose into external solution across dialysis membrane as compared to control.The retardation of glucose diffusion by A.lebbeck extract was significantly higher(P≤0.05)than M.pruriens.These effects were reflected with higher glucose dialysis retardation index values for A.lebbeck than M.pruriens.The plant extracts also promoted glucose uptake by yeast cells.The rate of uptake of glucose into yeast cells was linear in all the 5 glucose concentrations used in the study.M.pruriens extract exhibited significantly higher(P≤0.05)activity than the extract of A.lebbeck at all concentrations.Conclusions:The results verified the antidiabetic potential of A.lebbeck and M.pruriens.The hypoglycemic effect exhibited by the extracts is mediated by increasing glucose adsorption,decreasing glucose diffusion rate and at the cellular level by promoting glucose transport across the cell membrane as revealed by simple in vitro model of yeast cells.
文摘Objective: To elucidate the in vivo hypoglycemic capability, antihyperglycemic and antihyperlipidemic activities of Pereskia bleo(Kunth) leaves extracts and bioactive fraction. Methods: The various solvent extracts of Pereskia bleo were investigated for the hypoglycemic and antihyperglycemic activities using a relevant in vivo normal rat model and streptozotocininduced diabetic rat model with glibenclamide and metformin utilized as positive controls. The effects of the most potent extract and its bioactive fraction on the insulin level, lipid profile and body weight of the diabetic rats were also analyzed. Results: All the extracts showed no hypoglycemic effect while petroleum ether, chloroform and aqueous extracts demonstrated significant(P<0.05) reduction in blood sugar level in the intraperitoneal glucose tolerance test. Aqueous extract and aqueous fraction significantly(P<0.05) reduced the blood glucose level in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats as early as day 6 compared to the diabetic control as well as significantly restored the serum insulin of diabetic rats. Moreover, the aqueous extract and aqueous fraction disclosed a significant(P<0.05) reduction in total cholesterol, triglycerides, and low-density lipoprotein levels. An elevation in high-density lipoprotein as well as improved body weight loss of the diabetic rats were also observed. Conclusions: In summary, Pereskia bleo appears effective in the management of diabetes and correlated impairments arising from high blood sugar level. Further studies will possibly bring about the discovery of effective and secure plant derived antidiabetic drugs.
文摘This study was undertaken to evaluate the hypoglycemic and hypolipidemic effect of Momordica charantia (wild and hybrid variety) powder on alloxan induced type 2 diabetic male Long-Evans rats. Oral feeding of the M. charantia powder slightly decreased serum total cholesterol, triglyceride levels and LDL-cholesterol compared with wild, hybrid and standard drug. M. charantia wild variety showed more significant (p M. charantia did not show any significant effect on HDL-cholesterol and liver glycogen. Thus, results of the study prove that the wild variety of M. charantia fruit have potent antidiabetic and antilipidemic property.
基金Supported by Texas A&M University-Corpus Christi University Research Enhancement Grant
文摘Objective:To evaluate the hypoglycemic and hypocholesterolemic activities of the aqueous preparation of Kalanchoe pinnata(K.pinnata) leaves in streplozotocin-induced diabetic rats.Methods:Diabetes mellitus was induced in rats by a single administration of streptozotocin(60 mg/Kg).Diabetic rats were then treated with aqueous K.pinnata for 30 d.Serum glucose,proteins.lipid composition,liver and kidney function indices,inflammatory markers,and key enzymes of hepatic carbohydrate and lipid metabolism were determined.Results:The untreated and treated diabetic groups lost weight and consumed less food compared to the normal group.We noted 37.9%decrease in fasting blood glucose in the treated diabetic group compared to 13.2%and 17.0%increases in normal and untreated diabetic groups respectively.Serum cholesterol and triglyceride levels were significantly(P<0.05) reduced in the treated diabetic group compared to the untreated diabetic group.Blood urea nitrogen was significantly(P<0.05) elevated in the untreated and treated diabetic groups compared lo the normal group.Serum alkaline phosphatase and hepatic pyruvate kinase activities were significantly(P<0.05) elevated in the treated diabetic group.Scrum albumin level was signilieantiy(P<0.05) reduced in the untreated diabetic group.Serum IL-6 was significantly(P<0.05) depressed in the treated diabetic group.Conclusions:The observed decrease in body weight,blood glucose and cholesterol level suggests that the aqueous K.pinnata preparation consumption may be beneficial in the management of diabetes mellitus.The observed adverse effect on alkaline phosphatase activity may be due to the combined effect of streptozotocin-induced diabetes and K.pinnata preparation administration.
文摘AIM: To investigate the presence and potency of natural enzyme inhibitors with hypoglycemic potentials amongst Eucalyptus Spp. by in vitro assays.METHODS: The leaf extracts of the three different Eucalyptus species [E. globulus(EG), E. citriodora(EC), E. camaldulensis(ECA)] were subjected to in vitro assay procedures to explore the prevalence of natural enzyme inhibitors(NEIs) after preliminary qualitative and quantitative phytochemical evaluations, to study their inhibitory actions against the enzymes like α-amylase, α-glucosidase, aldose reductase, angiotensin converting enzyme and dipeptidyl peptidase 4 playing pathogenic roles in type 2 diabetes. The antioxidant potential and total antioxidant capacity of the species were also evaluated.RESULTS: Major bioactive compounds like polyphenols(341.75 ± 3.63 to 496.85 ± 3.98) and flavonoids(4.89 ± 0.01 to 7.15 ± 0.02) were found in appreciable quantity in three species. Based on the IC50 values of the extracts under investigation, in all assays the effectivity was in the order of EG > ECA > EC. The results of the ferric reducing antioxidant power assay showed that the reducing ability of the species was also in the order of EG > ECA > EC. A strong correlation(R2 = 0.81-0.99) was found between the phenolic contents and the inhibitory potentials of the extracts against the targeted enzymes.CONCLUSION: These results show immense hypoglycemic potentiality of the Eucalyptus Spp. and a remarkable source of NEIs for a future phytotherapeutic approach in Type 2 diabetes.
文摘OBJECTIVE Vanadium is a necessary trace element in the human body and has a certain role in the treatment and prevention of diabetes.Organic vanadium is more easily absorbed and less toxic than inorganic vanadium.Thus,in this study,vanadium complex was synthesized from genistein which had good hypoglycemic activity and inor⁃ganic vanadium element,and its hypoglycemic activity and acute oral toxicity were studied.METHODS The vanadium genistein complex was synthesized by chelating vanadium with genistein in methanol and its structure was determined by LC-MS,atomic absorption spectroscopy,UV-visible spectroscopy,elemental and thermodynamic analysis.The antidiabetic activity of the complex was assessed in db/db mice and C57 mice by daily oral gavage for 4 weeks.These db/db mice were divided into test groups〔high(30 mg·kg^-1),medium(20 mg·kg^-1)and low(10 mg·kg^-1)dose group〕,model group,genistein group,inorganic vanadium group,each group of 8;8 C57 mice was for normal control group.The acute toxicity test was carried out on KM mice with this complex by a maximum limit dose method.Randomly 20 healthy KM mice were divided into negative control group and test group,each group of 10,male and female half.RESULTS The molecular structure of this complex was inferred as a complex(VL2)formed by two ligands and one vanadium element.It was found that its hypoglycemic activity was better than that of genistein and inorganic vanadium.The hypoglycemic activity of the high dose group was better than that of the medium dose group and low dose group.The complex can signifi⁃cantly improve the body mass of db/db mice,fasting blood glucose,random blood glucose,liver/body,kidney/body,and the performance of oral glucose tolerance test and insulin tolerance test in db/db mice.The morphology of liver,kidney,pancreas and skeletal muscle also had obvious improvement and repair.Effect on serum index of db/db mice showed that,total cholesterol,triglyceride,low-density lipoprotein cholesterol had no significant improvement compared with the model group,but high-density lipoprotein cholesterol of complex group had significant improvement compared with the model group.In addition,this complex did not produce any hazardous symptoms or deaths in acute oral toxicity test.CONCLUSION complex has good hypoglycemic activity in vivo,and did not have the potential toxicity.This would provide an important reference for the development of functional hypoglycemic foods.
基金Supported by Liaoning Provincial Undergraduate Training Program for Innovation and Entrepreneurship(2017101670035)Bohai University "Dr.Feng" Cultivation Plan of Excellent Undergraduates(BHU2018DFSBU1401)
文摘Plant polysaccharides have an excellent hypoglycemic effect through various ways such as promoting insulin secretion,improving insulin resistance,regulating related enzyme activities,improving sugar,protein and fat metabolism,promoting hepatic glycogen synthesis,inhibiting gluconeogenesis,and improving immune system function and resistance.At present,more than 200 polysaccharides derived from traditional Chinese medicines have been reported,and most of them are isolated and purified from plants.With the deepening of research on plant polysaccharides,more and more attention has been paid to the development of safe and economical natural hypoglycemic products.This paper first introduced the hypoglycemic effects of Folium Mori polysaccharides,Cucurbita moschata polysaccharides,Momordica charantia polysaccharides,Dioscoreae Rhizoma polysaccharides and Camellia sinensis O.Kuntze polysaccharides.Besides,it discussed the utilization ways of hypoglycemic plant polysaccharides,and the prospects of applying polysaccharide hypoglycemic effect to diabetes treatment,so as to provide reference for the research and utilization of plant polysaccharide hypoglycemic effects and the development of natural hypoglycemic foods.
