As users’access to the network has evolved into the acquisition of mass contents instead of IP addresses,the IP network architecture based on end-to-end communication cannot meet users’needs.Therefore,the Informatio...As users’access to the network has evolved into the acquisition of mass contents instead of IP addresses,the IP network architecture based on end-to-end communication cannot meet users’needs.Therefore,the Information-Centric Networking(ICN)came into being.From a technical point of view,ICN is a promising future network architecture.Researching and customizing a reasonable pricing mechanism plays a positive role in promoting the deployment of ICN.The current research on ICN pricing mechanism is focused on paid content.Therefore,we study an ICN pricing model for free content,which uses game theory based on Nash equilibrium to analysis.In this work,advertisers are considered,and an advertiser model is established to describe the economic interaction between advertisers and ICN entities.This solution can formulate the best pricing strategy for all ICN entities and maximize the benefits of each entity.Our extensive analysis and numerical results show that the proposed pricing framework is significantly better than existing solutions when it comes to free content.展开更多
One of the challenges of Informationcentric Networking(ICN)is finding the optimal location for caching content and processing users’requests.In this paper,we address this challenge by leveraging Software-defined Netw...One of the challenges of Informationcentric Networking(ICN)is finding the optimal location for caching content and processing users’requests.In this paper,we address this challenge by leveraging Software-defined Networking(SDN)for efficient ICN management.To achieve this,we formulate the problem as a mixed-integer nonlinear programming(MINLP)model,incorporating caching,routing,and load balancing decisions.We explore two distinct scenarios to tackle the problem.Firstly,we solve the problem in an offline mode using the GAMS environment,assuming a stable network state to demonstrate the superior performance of the cacheenabled network compared to non-cache networks.Subsequently,we investigate the problem in an online mode where the network state dynamically changes over time.Given the computational complexity associated with MINLP,we propose the software-defined caching,routing,and load balancing(SDCRL)algorithm as an efficient and scalable solution.Our evaluation demonstrates that the SDCRL algorithm significantly reduces computational time while maintaining results that closely resemble those achieved by GAMS.展开更多
The basic function of the Internet is to delivery data(what) to serve the needs of all applications. IP names the attachment points(where) to facilitate ubiquitous interconnectivity as the current way to deliver data....The basic function of the Internet is to delivery data(what) to serve the needs of all applications. IP names the attachment points(where) to facilitate ubiquitous interconnectivity as the current way to deliver data. The fundamental mismatch between data delivery and naming attachment points leads to a lot of challenges, e.g., mapping from data name to IP address, handling dynamics of underlying topology, scaling up the data distribution, and securing communication, etc. Informationcentric networking(ICN) is proposed to shift the focus of communication paradigm from where to what, by making the named data the first-class citizen in the network, The basic consensus of ICN is to name the data independent from its container(space dimension) and session(time dimension), which breaks the limitation of point-to-point IP semantic. It scales up data distribution by utilizing available resources, and facilitates communication to fit diverse connectivity and heterogeneous networks. However, there are only a few consensuses on the detailed design of ICN, and quite a few different ICN architectures are proposed. This paper reveals the rationales of ICN from the perspective of the Internet evolution, surveys different design choices, and discusses on two debatable topics in ICN, i.e.,self-certifying versus hierarchical names, and edge versus pervasive caching. We hope this survey helps clarify some mis-understandings on ICN and achieve more consensuses.展开更多
Information-centric networking(ICN) aims to improve the efficiency of content delivery and reduce the redundancy of data transmission by caching contents in network nodes. An important issue is to design caching metho...Information-centric networking(ICN) aims to improve the efficiency of content delivery and reduce the redundancy of data transmission by caching contents in network nodes. An important issue is to design caching methods with better cache hit rate and achieve allocating on-demand. Therefore, an in-network caching scheduling scheme for ICN was designed, distinguishing different kinds of contents and dynamically allocating the cache size on-demand. First discussing what was appropriated to be cached in nodes, and then a classification about the contents could be cached was proposed. Furthermore, we used AHP to weight different contents classes through analyzing users' behavior. And a distributed control process was built, to achieve differentiated caching resource allocation and management. The designed scheme not only avoids the waste of caching resource, but also further enhances the cache availability. Finally, the simulation results are illustrated to show that our method has the superior performance in the aspects of server hit rate and convergence.展开更多
Information-Centric Networking (ICN) is an innovative paradigm for the future internet architecture, which addresses IP network limitations in supporting content distribution and information access by decoupling conte...Information-Centric Networking (ICN) is an innovative paradigm for the future internet architecture, which addresses IP network limitations in supporting content distribution and information access by decoupling content from hosts and providing the ability to retrieve a content object by its name (identifier), rather than its storage location (IP address). Name resolution and routing is critical for content retrieval in ICN networks. In this research, we perform a comparative study of two widely used classes of ICN name resolution and routing schemes, namely flooding and Distributed Hash Table (DHT). We consider the flooding-based routing in Content-Centric Networks due to its wide acceptance. For the DHT scheme, we design a multi-level DHT that takes into account the underlying network topology and uses name aggregation to further reduce control overhead and improve network efficiency. Then, we compare the characteristics and performance of these two classes of name resolution and routing through extensive simulations. The evaluation results show that the performances of these two approaches are reliant on several factors, including network size, content location dynamics, and content popularity. Our study reveals insights into the design tradeoffs and offers guidelines for design strategies.展开更多
In recent years, realising a ＂clean- state＂ design for the future Internet has become an important research focus. An architecture com- bining an Information-Centric Network （ICN） and Sottware-Defmed Network （SDN...In recent years, realising a ＂clean- state＂ design for the future Internet has become an important research focus. An architecture com- bining an Information-Centric Network （ICN） and Sottware-Defmed Network （SDN） （IC-SDN） has gradually attracted more attention. How- ever, the existing studies regarding IC-SDN still lack support in terms of the ＂network status awareness＂ function, resulting in unreasonable resource allocation. In this paper, we propose a new status-aware resource adaptation sche- me, i.e. a status-aware module is embedded into basic elements （Forwarding Node （FN） and Resource adaption Manager （RM））. The FNs collect the network status dynamically for the controller to reallocate network resources accor- ding to the fluctuations in environmental con- ditions. Simulation results show that, compared with the existing IC-SDN mechanism, the pro- posed scheme reduced the link bandwidth var- iance by 56% and the content delivery latency by 40%. The proof-of-concept implementation demonstrates the feasibility of our proposed sc- heme for small-scale deployment.展开更多
Information-Centric Networking(ICN), an alternative architecture to the current Internet infrastructure, focuses on the distribution and retrieval of content by employing caches in a network to reduce network traffic....Information-Centric Networking(ICN), an alternative architecture to the current Internet infrastructure, focuses on the distribution and retrieval of content by employing caches in a network to reduce network traffic. The employment of caches may be accomplished using graph-based and content-based criteria such as the position of a node in a network and content popularity. The contribution of this paper lies on the characterization of content popularity for on-path in-network caching. To this end, four dynamic approaches for identifying content popularity are evaluated via simulations. Content popularity may be determined per chunk or per object, calculated by the number of requests for a content against the sum of requests or the maximum number of requests. Based on the results, chunk-based approaches provide 23% more accurate content popularity calculations than object-based approaches. In addition, approaches that are based on the comparison of a content against the maximum number of requests have been shown to be more accurate than the alternatives.展开更多
Publish/subscribe(pub/sub) paradigm is the main communication model for Information-Centric Network(ICN) proposals.A key issue for pub/sub system is how to route the content objects to the correct subscribers,and ICN ...Publish/subscribe(pub/sub) paradigm is the main communication model for Information-Centric Network(ICN) proposals.A key issue for pub/sub system is how to route the content objects to the correct subscribers,and ICN is no exception.ICN network would be divided into core domain and many edge domains as today's internet does.HHR(Hierarchy Hybrid Routing scheme) is presented for ICN:A Chord-like routing scheme is used in core domain,while edge domains routing structure can be classified into three categories,Local Routing(LR),Delivery of Local Publication to Core domain(DLPC),and Remote Publication Routing into edge domain(RPR).LR can be decided by each edge domain,which determined by many factors,such as locality characteristic for pub/sub information and local policies.A hierarchical routing algorithm is proposed to solve DLPC and RPR simultaneously.Simulation results demonstrate that HHR can be fast deployed,and can be applied in large scale network or dynamic subscription environment.展开更多
The recent evolution of the Internet towards "Information-centric" transfer modes has renewed the interest in exploiting proxies to enhance seamless mobility. In this work, we focus on the case of multiple l...The recent evolution of the Internet towards "Information-centric" transfer modes has renewed the interest in exploiting proxies to enhance seamless mobility. In this work, we focus on the case of multiple levels of proxies in ICN architectures, in which content requests from mobile subscribers and the corresponding items are proactively cached to these proxies at different levels. Specifically, we present a multiple-level proactive caching model that selects the appropriate subset of proxies at different levels and supports distributed online decision procedures in terms of the tradeoff between delay and cache cost. We show via extensive simulations the reduction of up to 31.63% in the total cost relative to Full Caching, in which caching in all 1-level neighbor proxies is performed, and up to 84.21% relative to No Caching, in which no caching is used. Moreover, the proposed model outperforms other approaches with a flat cache structure in terms of the total cost.展开更多
Distribution feeder microgrid(DFM)built based on existing distributed feeder(DF),is a promising solution for modern microgrid.DFM contains a large number of heterogeneous devices that generate heavy network traffice a...Distribution feeder microgrid(DFM)built based on existing distributed feeder(DF),is a promising solution for modern microgrid.DFM contains a large number of heterogeneous devices that generate heavy network traffice and require a low data delivery latency.The information-centric networking(ICN)paradigm has shown a great potential to address the communication requirements of smart grid.However,the integration of advanced information and communication technologies with DFM make it vulnerable to cyber attacks.Adequate authentication of grid devices is essential for preventing unauthorized accesses to the grid network and defending against cyber attacks.In this paper,we propose a new lightweight anonymous device authentication scheme for DFM supported by named data networking(NDN),a representative implementation of ICN.We perform a security analysis to show that the proposed scheme can provide security features such as mutual authentication,session key agreement,defending against various cyber attacks,anonymity,and resilience against device capture attack.The security of the proposed scheme is also formally verified using the popular AVISPA(Automated Validation of Internet Security Protocols and Applications)tool.The computational and communication costs of the proposed scheme are evaluated.Our results demonstrate that the proposed scheme achieves significantly lower computational,communication and energy costs than other state-of-the-art schemes.展开更多
The current Internet is based on host-centric networking, and a user needs to know the host address before reaching a data target in the network. The new architecture of information-centric networking (ICN) facilitate...The current Internet is based on host-centric networking, and a user needs to know the host address before reaching a data target in the network. The new architecture of information-centric networking (ICN) facilitates users to locate data targets by giving their data names without any information about host addresses. In-network caching is one of the prominent features in ICN, which allows network routers to cache data contents. In this paper, we emphasize the management of in-network cache storage, and this includes the mechanisms of cache replacement and cache replication. A new cost function is then proposed to evaluate each cache content and the least valuable content is evicted when cache is full. To increase cache utilization, a cooperative caching policy among neighboring routers is proposed. The proper network locations to cache data contents are also discussed in the paper. Experimental results show the superiority of the proposed caching policy than some traditional caching polices.展开更多
Information-Centric Networking(ICN)is an emerging direction in Future Internet architecture research,gaining significant tractions among academia and industry.Aiming to replace the conventional host-to-host communicat...Information-Centric Networking(ICN)is an emerging direction in Future Internet architecture research,gaining significant tractions among academia and industry.Aiming to replace the conventional host-to-host communication model by a data-centric model,ICN treats data content as the first class entity in network architecture.展开更多
基金supported by the Key R&D Program of Anhui Province in 2020 under Grant No.202004a05020078China Environment for Network Innovations(CENI)under Grant No.2016-000052-73-01-000515.
文摘As users’access to the network has evolved into the acquisition of mass contents instead of IP addresses,the IP network architecture based on end-to-end communication cannot meet users’needs.Therefore,the Information-Centric Networking(ICN)came into being.From a technical point of view,ICN is a promising future network architecture.Researching and customizing a reasonable pricing mechanism plays a positive role in promoting the deployment of ICN.The current research on ICN pricing mechanism is focused on paid content.Therefore,we study an ICN pricing model for free content,which uses game theory based on Nash equilibrium to analysis.In this work,advertisers are considered,and an advertiser model is established to describe the economic interaction between advertisers and ICN entities.This solution can formulate the best pricing strategy for all ICN entities and maximize the benefits of each entity.Our extensive analysis and numerical results show that the proposed pricing framework is significantly better than existing solutions when it comes to free content.
文摘One of the challenges of Informationcentric Networking(ICN)is finding the optimal location for caching content and processing users’requests.In this paper,we address this challenge by leveraging Software-defined Networking(SDN)for efficient ICN management.To achieve this,we formulate the problem as a mixed-integer nonlinear programming(MINLP)model,incorporating caching,routing,and load balancing decisions.We explore two distinct scenarios to tackle the problem.Firstly,we solve the problem in an offline mode using the GAMS environment,assuming a stable network state to demonstrate the superior performance of the cacheenabled network compared to non-cache networks.Subsequently,we investigate the problem in an online mode where the network state dynamically changes over time.Given the computational complexity associated with MINLP,we propose the software-defined caching,routing,and load balancing(SDCRL)algorithm as an efficient and scalable solution.Our evaluation demonstrates that the SDCRL algorithm significantly reduces computational time while maintaining results that closely resemble those achieved by GAMS.
基金supported by the National High-tech R&D Program("863"Program)of China(No.2013AA013505)the National Science Foundation of China(No.61472213)State Scholarship Fund from China Scholarship Council(No.201406210270)
文摘The basic function of the Internet is to delivery data(what) to serve the needs of all applications. IP names the attachment points(where) to facilitate ubiquitous interconnectivity as the current way to deliver data. The fundamental mismatch between data delivery and naming attachment points leads to a lot of challenges, e.g., mapping from data name to IP address, handling dynamics of underlying topology, scaling up the data distribution, and securing communication, etc. Informationcentric networking(ICN) is proposed to shift the focus of communication paradigm from where to what, by making the named data the first-class citizen in the network, The basic consensus of ICN is to name the data independent from its container(space dimension) and session(time dimension), which breaks the limitation of point-to-point IP semantic. It scales up data distribution by utilizing available resources, and facilitates communication to fit diverse connectivity and heterogeneous networks. However, there are only a few consensuses on the detailed design of ICN, and quite a few different ICN architectures are proposed. This paper reveals the rationales of ICN from the perspective of the Internet evolution, surveys different design choices, and discusses on two debatable topics in ICN, i.e.,self-certifying versus hierarchical names, and edge versus pervasive caching. We hope this survey helps clarify some mis-understandings on ICN and achieve more consensuses.
基金supported in part by The National High Technology Research and Development Program of China (863 Program) under Grant No. 2015AA016101The National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant No. 61501042+1 种基金Beijing Nova Program under Grant No. Z151100000315078BUPT Special Program for Youth Scientific Research Innovation under Grant No. 2015RC10
文摘Information-centric networking(ICN) aims to improve the efficiency of content delivery and reduce the redundancy of data transmission by caching contents in network nodes. An important issue is to design caching methods with better cache hit rate and achieve allocating on-demand. Therefore, an in-network caching scheduling scheme for ICN was designed, distinguishing different kinds of contents and dynamically allocating the cache size on-demand. First discussing what was appropriated to be cached in nodes, and then a classification about the contents could be cached was proposed. Furthermore, we used AHP to weight different contents classes through analyzing users' behavior. And a distributed control process was built, to achieve differentiated caching resource allocation and management. The designed scheme not only avoids the waste of caching resource, but also further enhances the cache availability. Finally, the simulation results are illustrated to show that our method has the superior performance in the aspects of server hit rate and convergence.
文摘Information-Centric Networking (ICN) is an innovative paradigm for the future internet architecture, which addresses IP network limitations in supporting content distribution and information access by decoupling content from hosts and providing the ability to retrieve a content object by its name (identifier), rather than its storage location (IP address). Name resolution and routing is critical for content retrieval in ICN networks. In this research, we perform a comparative study of two widely used classes of ICN name resolution and routing schemes, namely flooding and Distributed Hash Table (DHT). We consider the flooding-based routing in Content-Centric Networks due to its wide acceptance. For the DHT scheme, we design a multi-level DHT that takes into account the underlying network topology and uses name aggregation to further reduce control overhead and improve network efficiency. Then, we compare the characteristics and performance of these two classes of name resolution and routing through extensive simulations. The evaluation results show that the performances of these two approaches are reliant on several factors, including network size, content location dynamics, and content popularity. Our study reveals insights into the design tradeoffs and offers guidelines for design strategies.
基金supported in part by the National Basic Research Program of China(973 Program)under Grant No.2013CB329100the National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grants No.61232017,No.61271200the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities under Grant No.2013YJS007
文摘In recent years, realising a ＂clean- state＂ design for the future Internet has become an important research focus. An architecture com- bining an Information-Centric Network （ICN） and Sottware-Defmed Network （SDN） （IC-SDN） has gradually attracted more attention. How- ever, the existing studies regarding IC-SDN still lack support in terms of the ＂network status awareness＂ function, resulting in unreasonable resource allocation. In this paper, we propose a new status-aware resource adaptation sche- me, i.e. a status-aware module is embedded into basic elements （Forwarding Node （FN） and Resource adaption Manager （RM））. The FNs collect the network status dynamically for the controller to reallocate network resources accor- ding to the fluctuations in environmental con- ditions. Simulation results show that, compared with the existing IC-SDN mechanism, the pro- posed scheme reduced the link bandwidth var- iance by 56% and the content delivery latency by 40%. The proof-of-concept implementation demonstrates the feasibility of our proposed sc- heme for small-scale deployment.
基金funded by the Higher Education Authority (HEA)co-funded under the European Regional Development Fund (ERDF)
文摘Information-Centric Networking(ICN), an alternative architecture to the current Internet infrastructure, focuses on the distribution and retrieval of content by employing caches in a network to reduce network traffic. The employment of caches may be accomplished using graph-based and content-based criteria such as the position of a node in a network and content popularity. The contribution of this paper lies on the characterization of content popularity for on-path in-network caching. To this end, four dynamic approaches for identifying content popularity are evaluated via simulations. Content popularity may be determined per chunk or per object, calculated by the number of requests for a content against the sum of requests or the maximum number of requests. Based on the results, chunk-based approaches provide 23% more accurate content popularity calculations than object-based approaches. In addition, approaches that are based on the comparison of a content against the maximum number of requests have been shown to be more accurate than the alternatives.
基金supported by 973 Program(2013CB329103)NSFC Fund (61271165,61301153)Program for Changjiang Scholars and Innovative Research Team (PCSIRT) in University and the 111 Project B14039
文摘Publish/subscribe(pub/sub) paradigm is the main communication model for Information-Centric Network(ICN) proposals.A key issue for pub/sub system is how to route the content objects to the correct subscribers,and ICN is no exception.ICN network would be divided into core domain and many edge domains as today's internet does.HHR(Hierarchy Hybrid Routing scheme) is presented for ICN:A Chord-like routing scheme is used in core domain,while edge domains routing structure can be classified into three categories,Local Routing(LR),Delivery of Local Publication to Core domain(DLPC),and Remote Publication Routing into edge domain(RPR).LR can be decided by each edge domain,which determined by many factors,such as locality characteristic for pub/sub information and local policies.A hierarchical routing algorithm is proposed to solve DLPC and RPR simultaneously.Simulation results demonstrate that HHR can be fast deployed,and can be applied in large scale network or dynamic subscription environment.
基金supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos. 61302078 and 61372108)National High-tech R&D Program of China (863 Program) (Grant Nos. 2011AA01A102)+1 种基金National S&T Major Project (Grant Nos. 2011ZX 03005-004-02)Beijing Higher Education Young Elite Teacher Project (Grant Nos. YETP0476)
文摘The recent evolution of the Internet towards "Information-centric" transfer modes has renewed the interest in exploiting proxies to enhance seamless mobility. In this work, we focus on the case of multiple levels of proxies in ICN architectures, in which content requests from mobile subscribers and the corresponding items are proactively cached to these proxies at different levels. Specifically, we present a multiple-level proactive caching model that selects the appropriate subset of proxies at different levels and supports distributed online decision procedures in terms of the tradeoff between delay and cache cost. We show via extensive simulations the reduction of up to 31.63% in the total cost relative to Full Caching, in which caching in all 1-level neighbor proxies is performed, and up to 84.21% relative to No Caching, in which no caching is used. Moreover, the proposed model outperforms other approaches with a flat cache structure in terms of the total cost.
基金This material is based upon work funded by the National Science Foundation EPSCoR Cooperative Agreement OIA-1757207。
文摘Distribution feeder microgrid(DFM)built based on existing distributed feeder(DF),is a promising solution for modern microgrid.DFM contains a large number of heterogeneous devices that generate heavy network traffice and require a low data delivery latency.The information-centric networking(ICN)paradigm has shown a great potential to address the communication requirements of smart grid.However,the integration of advanced information and communication technologies with DFM make it vulnerable to cyber attacks.Adequate authentication of grid devices is essential for preventing unauthorized accesses to the grid network and defending against cyber attacks.In this paper,we propose a new lightweight anonymous device authentication scheme for DFM supported by named data networking(NDN),a representative implementation of ICN.We perform a security analysis to show that the proposed scheme can provide security features such as mutual authentication,session key agreement,defending against various cyber attacks,anonymity,and resilience against device capture attack.The security of the proposed scheme is also formally verified using the popular AVISPA(Automated Validation of Internet Security Protocols and Applications)tool.The computational and communication costs of the proposed scheme are evaluated.Our results demonstrate that the proposed scheme achieves significantly lower computational,communication and energy costs than other state-of-the-art schemes.
文摘The current Internet is based on host-centric networking, and a user needs to know the host address before reaching a data target in the network. The new architecture of information-centric networking (ICN) facilitates users to locate data targets by giving their data names without any information about host addresses. In-network caching is one of the prominent features in ICN, which allows network routers to cache data contents. In this paper, we emphasize the management of in-network cache storage, and this includes the mechanisms of cache replacement and cache replication. A new cost function is then proposed to evaluate each cache content and the least valuable content is evicted when cache is full. To increase cache utilization, a cooperative caching policy among neighboring routers is proposed. The proper network locations to cache data contents are also discussed in the paper. Experimental results show the superiority of the proposed caching policy than some traditional caching polices.
文摘Information-Centric Networking(ICN)is an emerging direction in Future Internet architecture research,gaining significant tractions among academia and industry.Aiming to replace the conventional host-to-host communication model by a data-centric model,ICN treats data content as the first class entity in network architecture.
