The method of compiling input-output models of science and technology was studied,and the application of input-output techniques in evaluating the progress of enterprise science and technology was discussed.And the mo...The method of compiling input-output models of science and technology was studied,and the application of input-output techniques in evaluating the progress of enterprise science and technology was discussed.And the models for determining direct,indirect and full contributions of the progress of enterprise science and technology have been set up which can be used to analyse and evaluate the direct,indirect and full benefits of the progress of enterprise science and technology.展开更多
On the basis of input-output table of Henan Province and China in 2007, this paper advances a simple method of constructing two-region input-output model using MRIO model, to research the economic link between the ind...On the basis of input-output table of Henan Province and China in 2007, this paper advances a simple method of constructing two-region input-output model using MRIO model, to research the economic link between the industries of Henan Province and the industries of other regions. I summarize the characteristics of this method based on this as follows: when researching inter-regional economic link, the multi-region or two-region input-output model has prominent superiority, and we can conduct preliminary estimation on the multi-region input-output model using location quotient approach.展开更多
Energy has laid material foundation for human society during its development. Meanwhile, any change of price in the energy industry may influence social production and people’s life at all levels via an input-output ...Energy has laid material foundation for human society during its development. Meanwhile, any change of price in the energy industry may influence social production and people’s life at all levels via an input-output mechanism under which the change related to energy is surely transmitted to other industries. The price change thus incurred in all industries may adversely affect the realization of macroeconomic objective-maintaining prices at a stable level. It is, therefore, needed to conduct an empirical research related to the impact of price change in energy industry on that in other industries. According to the data coming from “China’s 2015 Input-Output Extension Table (42 Departments)” and four hypothetical basis, this article focuses on four energy sectors and analyzes how deeply the price change of them, by use of input-output model, affects that of other industrial products under five conditions where each of their price rises by 10% individually or simultaneously, and why such an influence occurs. The results show that the price rising of the energies in question leads to an upward growth in the prices of other industrial products, especially when their prices go up simultaneously. Besides, the price increase in the four energy sectors doesn’t influence other industries in an accumulation form but actually leads to a rollback in some of other industries. It is recommended to adopt diversified pricing strategies for different energy products, thus maximizing the value of each specific energy, and meanwhile achieving the goals of energy consumption reduction and price equilibrium.展开更多
The development of any analytical method should have to experience at least four stages: its initial status, growth, mature and declining. However, although the regional input-output analysis has been widely applied f...The development of any analytical method should have to experience at least four stages: its initial status, growth, mature and declining. However, although the regional input-output analysis has been widely applied for more than forty years, it is still one of the most important approach in regional economic analysis and forecast at present in the world. This is due to the never ended modifications and its great potentials. In this paper, we review the historical development of the regional input-output analysis.展开更多
This paper addresses the robust input-output energy decoupling problem for uncertain singular systems in which all parameter matrices except E exist as time-varying uncertainties. By means of linear matrix inequalitie...This paper addresses the robust input-output energy decoupling problem for uncertain singular systems in which all parameter matrices except E exist as time-varying uncertainties. By means of linear matrix inequalities (LMIs), su?cient conditions are derived for the existence of linear state feedback and input transformation control laws, such that the resulting closed-loop uncertain singular system is generalized quadratically stable and the energy of every input controls mainly the energy of a corresponding output, and in?uences the energy of other outputs as weakly as possible.展开更多
Under the pressure of sustained growth in energy consumption in China,the implementation of a carbon pricing mechanism is an effective economic policy measure for promoting emission reduction,as well as a hotspot of r...Under the pressure of sustained growth in energy consumption in China,the implementation of a carbon pricing mechanism is an effective economic policy measure for promoting emission reduction,as well as a hotspot of research among scholars and policy makers.In this paper,the effects of carbon prices on Beijing's economy are analyzed using input-output tables.The carbon price costs are levied in accordance with the products'embodied carbon emission.By calculation,given the carbon price rate of 10 RMB/t-CO_2,the total carbon costs of Beijing account for approximately 0.22-0.40%of its gross revenue the same year.Among all industries,construction bears the largest carbon cost Among export sectors,the coal mining and washing industry has much higher export carbon price intensity than other industries.Apart from traditional energy-intensive industries,tertiary industry,which accounts for more than 70%of Beijing's economy,also bears a major carbon cost because of its large economic size.However,from 2007 to 2010,adjustment of the investment structure has reduced the emission intensity in investment sectors,contributing to the reduction of overall emissions and carbon price intensity.展开更多
Becoming the world's largest emitter of carbon makes China the object of criticism;however,people may ignore the fact that when China exports low-carbon products,the carbon emissions have been left in the meanwhil...Becoming the world's largest emitter of carbon makes China the object of criticism;however,people may ignore the fact that when China exports low-carbon products,the carbon emissions have been left in the meanwhile,forming the so-called"embodied carbon".Using the input-output model,this paper analyzes the carbon emission intensity and amount of embodied carbon of various sectors in China's export trade in 2002 and 2007,and filters out high carbon emission sectors.In addition,this paper also points out the problem of carbon emissions'international transfer from developed countries to China through the analysis of national and regional flow of export carbon emissions and changing of the proportion of emissions for exports relative to total emissions,and explains the reason that caused carbon transfer to China by using the treadmill of production theory.Based on that,this paper proposes some measures for carbon reduction in China from the foreign trade perspective.展开更多
A method that applies clustering technique to reduce the number of samples of large data sets using input-output clustering is proposed.The proposed method clusters the output data into groups and clusters the input d...A method that applies clustering technique to reduce the number of samples of large data sets using input-output clustering is proposed.The proposed method clusters the output data into groups and clusters the input data in accordance with the groups of output data.Then,a set of prototypes are selected from the clustered input data.The inessential data can be ultimately discarded from the data set.The proposed method can reduce the effect from outliers because only the prototypes are used.This method is applied to reduce the data set in regression problems.Two standard synthetic data sets and three standard real-world data sets are used for evaluation.The root-mean-square errors are compared from support vector regression models trained with the original data sets and the corresponding instance-reduced data sets.From the experiments,the proposed method provides good results on the reduction and the reconstruction of the standard synthetic and real-world data sets.The numbers of instances of the synthetic data sets are decreased by 25%-69%.The reduction rates for the real-world data sets of the automobile miles per gallon and the 1990 census in CA are 46% and 57%,respectively.The reduction rate of 96% is very good for the electrocardiogram(ECG) data set because of the redundant and periodic nature of ECG signals.For all of the data sets,the regression results are similar to those from the corresponding original data sets.Therefore,the regression performance of the proposed method is good while only a fraction of the data is needed in the training process.展开更多
Environmentally Extended Input-Output(EEIO)tables have become a powerful element in supporting information-based environmental and economic policies.National-and provincial-level 10 tables are currently published by t...Environmentally Extended Input-Output(EEIO)tables have become a powerful element in supporting information-based environmental and economic policies.National-and provincial-level 10 tables are currently published by the National Bureau of Statistics of the People's Republic of China according to well-defined conventions.However,county-level 10tables are not provided as a rule by official statistics organizations.This paper conducts an overview of compiling EEIO tables for environmental and resources accounting at the county level and then answers several questions:First,what kind of data should be prepared for the compilation of county-level EEIO tables?Second,how can we set up comprehensive EEIO tables at the county level?Third,regarding the survey methods and the indirect modeling,which one should be chosen to build EEIO tables at the county level?Finally,what policy questions could such a table answer?EEIO tables at the county level can be used to predict the economic impacts of environmental policies and to perform trend and scenario analysis.展开更多
The input-output pollution control model given in [1] is generalized. The generalization makes it easier for the model to handle many problem instances. A linear program is used to solve the new model. An example is g...The input-output pollution control model given in [1] is generalized. The generalization makes it easier for the model to handle many problem instances. A linear program is used to solve the new model. An example is given to show that the new model can handle classes of problems that the original model cannot handle.展开更多
The aim of this paper is to analyze the Mexican energy system and its greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions for the year 2012 and to estimate a baseline scenario for 2026 using an input-output analysis. The elasticity of emi...The aim of this paper is to analyze the Mexican energy system and its greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions for the year 2012 and to estimate a baseline scenario for 2026 using an input-output analysis. The elasticity of emissions with respect to national demand is calculated in order to identify the total and distributed effects of CO2 equivalent (CO2-eq) emissions. In this framework, the analysis evaluates the effects in the economy related to changes in individual sector demands, and, vice versa, the effect on individual sectors due to global changes in national demands. Results show that passenger and freight transport, power generation, iron and steel industry, chemical industry, air transportation and agriculture concentrate the largest potential for mitigation strategies, and also have important distributive effects on the Mexican economy. Results are evaluated under the mitigation strategies of industrial sector proposed by the Fifth Assessment Report of the IPCC.展开更多
Agricultural input and output status in southern Xinjiang,China is introduced,such as lack of agricultural input,low level of agricultural modernization,excessive fertilizer use,serious damage of environment,shortage ...Agricultural input and output status in southern Xinjiang,China is introduced,such as lack of agricultural input,low level of agricultural modernization,excessive fertilizer use,serious damage of environment,shortage of water resources,tremendous pressure on ecological balance,insignificant economic and social benefits of agricultural production in southern Xinjiang,agriculture remaining a weak industry,agricultural economy as the economic subject of southern Xinjiang,and backward economic development of southern Xinjiang.Taking the Aksu area as an example,according to the input and output data in the years 2002-2007,input-output model about regional agriculture of the southern Xinjiang is established by principal component analysis.DPS software is used in the process of solving the model.Then,Eviews software is adopted to revise and test the model in order to analyze and evaluate the economic significance of the results obtained,and to make additional explanations of the relevant model.Since the agricultural economic output is seriously restricted in southern Xinjiang at present,the following countermeasures are put forward,such as adjusting the structure of agricultural land,improving the utilization ratio of land,increasing agricultural input,realizing agricultural modernization,rationally utilizing water resources,maintaining eco-environmental balance,enhancing the awareness of agricultural insurance,minimizing the risk and loss,taking the road of industrialization of characteristic agricultural products,and realizing the transfer of surplus labor force.展开更多
This paper analyzes the citrus input-output efficiency by using the DEA-Malmquist productivity index methods based on the data of six counties in Jiangxi Province from 2010 to 2013.The result shows that TFP of Jiangxi...This paper analyzes the citrus input-output efficiency by using the DEA-Malmquist productivity index methods based on the data of six counties in Jiangxi Province from 2010 to 2013.The result shows that TFP of Jiangxi citrus is at low level overall,but the development is rapid.Technological progress is the driving force to promote productivity growth.Based on the static analysis study of six counties in 2013,it is found that the available input factors on the whole are in an ideal condition,and the citrus input factors in a few counties are redundant.Therefore,according to the results,the following policy recommendations are proposed:speeding up the intensive production of citrus in Jiangxi Province,to maximize the scale effect;adjusting the input ratio of various factors of production,so as to improve the citrus input-output efficiency.展开更多
Cable robots are structurally the same as parallel robots but with the basic difference that cables can only pull the platform and cannot push it. This feature makes control of cable robots a lot more challenging comp...Cable robots are structurally the same as parallel robots but with the basic difference that cables can only pull the platform and cannot push it. This feature makes control of cable robots a lot more challenging compared to parallel robots. This paper introduces a controller for cable robots under force constraint. The controller is based on input-output linearization and linear model predictive control. Performance of input-output linearizing (IOL) controllers suffers due to constraints on input and output variables. This problem is successfully tackled by augmenting IOL controllers with linear model predictive controller (LMPC). The effecttiveness of the proposed method is illustrated by numerical simulation.展开更多
This paper reinterprets the economic input-output equation as a description of a realized situation without considering decision making. This paper uses the equation that the self-sufficiency rate is added to the Leon...This paper reinterprets the economic input-output equation as a description of a realized situation without considering decision making. This paper uses the equation that the self-sufficiency rate is added to the Leontief type, and discusses its solvability. The equation has a unique solution if and only if each part of the relevant society satisfies the space-time openness condition. This condition means that commodities which a part of the relevant society possesses are not all inputted to its inside. Moreover, if the process of input and output is time irreversible, each part of the relevant society satisfies the space-time openness condition. Therefore, the solvability of the equation is guaranteed by time irreversibility. This proposition seems to be relevant to the grandfather paradox which is a type of time paradox.展开更多
Based on 2012 input-output table of Shandong province and the official statistics, this article uses the input-output analysis method to build the input-output table. On the basis of the development of service industr...Based on 2012 input-output table of Shandong province and the official statistics, this article uses the input-output analysis method to build the input-output table. On the basis of the development of service industry in Shandong province's ability, we make a theoretical analysis framework of a comprehensive in-depth analysis on pull employment, creatively will cost tax rate, fully and completely labor capital and the combination of both the industry development space. So that the industry's ability to pull the employment can be considered, and to realize rapid and sustained development of service industry in Shandong province.展开更多
This paper gives a report of the findings of a pilot study on task frequency effects of input-output cycles on EFL learners'oral proficiency.The results showed that the experimental group made greater progress in ...This paper gives a report of the findings of a pilot study on task frequency effects of input-output cycles on EFL learners'oral proficiency.The results showed that the experimental group made greater progress in complexity and accuracy than control groups.We may come to the conclusion that circular input-out benefits learners most.The study may give some insights for foreign language teachers to give second language learners appropriate tasks in listening and speaking classes.展开更多
Industrial wastewater discharge in China is increasing with the country′s economic development and it is worthy of concern. The discharge is primarily relevant to the direct discharge coefficient of each sector of th...Industrial wastewater discharge in China is increasing with the country′s economic development and it is worthy of concern. The discharge is primarily relevant to the direct discharge coefficient of each sector of the economy, its direct input coefficient and the final demand in input-output models. In this study, we calculated the sensitivity of the reduction in the Chinese industrial wastewater discharge using the direct input coefficients based on the theory of error-transmission in an input-output framework. Using input-output models, we calculated the direct and total industrial wastewater discharge coefficients. Analysis of 2007 input-output data of 30 sectors of the Chinese economy and of 30 provincial regions of China indicates that by lowering their direct input coefficients, the manufacturers of textiles, paper and paper products, chemical products, smelting and metal pressing, telecommunication equipment, computers and other electronic equipment will significantly reduce their amounts of industrial wastewater discharge. By lowering intra-provincial direct input coefficients to industrial sectors themselves of Jiangsu, Shandong and Zhejiang, there will be a significant reduction in industrial wastewater discharge for the country as a whole. Investment in production technology and improvement in organizational efficiency in these sectors and in these provinces can help lessen the direct input coefficients, thereby effectively achieving a reduction in industrial wastewater discharge in China via industrial restructuring.展开更多
Based on input-output approach, the robust stability and stabilization problems for uncertain singular systems with time-varying delays are investigated. The parameter uncertainties are assumed to be norm-bounded and ...Based on input-output approach, the robust stability and stabilization problems for uncertain singular systems with time-varying delays are investigated. The parameter uncertainties are assumed to be norm-bounded and the time-varying delays include both discrete delay and distributed delay. By introducing a new input-output model, the time-delay system is embedded in a family of systems with a forward system without time delay and a dynamical feedback uncertainty. A sufficient and necessary condition, which guarantees the system regular, impulse-free and stable for all admissible uncertainties, is obtained. Based on the strict linear matrix inequality, the desired robust state feedback controller is also obtained. Finally, a numerical example is provided to demonstrate the application of the proposed method.展开更多
文摘The method of compiling input-output models of science and technology was studied,and the application of input-output techniques in evaluating the progress of enterprise science and technology was discussed.And the models for determining direct,indirect and full contributions of the progress of enterprise science and technology have been set up which can be used to analyse and evaluate the direct,indirect and full benefits of the progress of enterprise science and technology.
基金Supported by Project of Henan Provincial Department of Science and Technology (112400410017)Project of Henan Provincial Department of Education (2010-QN-008)
文摘On the basis of input-output table of Henan Province and China in 2007, this paper advances a simple method of constructing two-region input-output model using MRIO model, to research the economic link between the industries of Henan Province and the industries of other regions. I summarize the characteristics of this method based on this as follows: when researching inter-regional economic link, the multi-region or two-region input-output model has prominent superiority, and we can conduct preliminary estimation on the multi-region input-output model using location quotient approach.
文摘Energy has laid material foundation for human society during its development. Meanwhile, any change of price in the energy industry may influence social production and people’s life at all levels via an input-output mechanism under which the change related to energy is surely transmitted to other industries. The price change thus incurred in all industries may adversely affect the realization of macroeconomic objective-maintaining prices at a stable level. It is, therefore, needed to conduct an empirical research related to the impact of price change in energy industry on that in other industries. According to the data coming from “China’s 2015 Input-Output Extension Table (42 Departments)” and four hypothetical basis, this article focuses on four energy sectors and analyzes how deeply the price change of them, by use of input-output model, affects that of other industrial products under five conditions where each of their price rises by 10% individually or simultaneously, and why such an influence occurs. The results show that the price rising of the energies in question leads to an upward growth in the prices of other industrial products, especially when their prices go up simultaneously. Besides, the price increase in the four energy sectors doesn’t influence other industries in an accumulation form but actually leads to a rollback in some of other industries. It is recommended to adopt diversified pricing strategies for different energy products, thus maximizing the value of each specific energy, and meanwhile achieving the goals of energy consumption reduction and price equilibrium.
文摘The development of any analytical method should have to experience at least four stages: its initial status, growth, mature and declining. However, although the regional input-output analysis has been widely applied for more than forty years, it is still one of the most important approach in regional economic analysis and forecast at present in the world. This is due to the never ended modifications and its great potentials. In this paper, we review the historical development of the regional input-output analysis.
文摘This paper addresses the robust input-output energy decoupling problem for uncertain singular systems in which all parameter matrices except E exist as time-varying uncertainties. By means of linear matrix inequalities (LMIs), su?cient conditions are derived for the existence of linear state feedback and input transformation control laws, such that the resulting closed-loop uncertain singular system is generalized quadratically stable and the energy of every input controls mainly the energy of a corresponding output, and in?uences the energy of other outputs as weakly as possible.
基金The authors would like to thank Key Projects in the National Science&Technology Pillar Program during the Twelfth Five Year Plan Period[grant number 2012BAC20B03]Beijing Natural Science Foundation[grant number 9112008]for supporting this research
文摘Under the pressure of sustained growth in energy consumption in China,the implementation of a carbon pricing mechanism is an effective economic policy measure for promoting emission reduction,as well as a hotspot of research among scholars and policy makers.In this paper,the effects of carbon prices on Beijing's economy are analyzed using input-output tables.The carbon price costs are levied in accordance with the products'embodied carbon emission.By calculation,given the carbon price rate of 10 RMB/t-CO_2,the total carbon costs of Beijing account for approximately 0.22-0.40%of its gross revenue the same year.Among all industries,construction bears the largest carbon cost Among export sectors,the coal mining and washing industry has much higher export carbon price intensity than other industries.Apart from traditional energy-intensive industries,tertiary industry,which accounts for more than 70%of Beijing's economy,also bears a major carbon cost because of its large economic size.However,from 2007 to 2010,adjustment of the investment structure has reduced the emission intensity in investment sectors,contributing to the reduction of overall emissions and carbon price intensity.
基金sponsored by NSFC(Grant No.71073124)National Social Science Fund Key Projects(Grant No.11AZD028)the Central University Basic Scientific Research Funds
文摘Becoming the world's largest emitter of carbon makes China the object of criticism;however,people may ignore the fact that when China exports low-carbon products,the carbon emissions have been left in the meanwhile,forming the so-called"embodied carbon".Using the input-output model,this paper analyzes the carbon emission intensity and amount of embodied carbon of various sectors in China's export trade in 2002 and 2007,and filters out high carbon emission sectors.In addition,this paper also points out the problem of carbon emissions'international transfer from developed countries to China through the analysis of national and regional flow of export carbon emissions and changing of the proportion of emissions for exports relative to total emissions,and explains the reason that caused carbon transfer to China by using the treadmill of production theory.Based on that,this paper proposes some measures for carbon reduction in China from the foreign trade perspective.
基金supported by Chiang Mai University Research Fund under the contract number T-M5744
文摘A method that applies clustering technique to reduce the number of samples of large data sets using input-output clustering is proposed.The proposed method clusters the output data into groups and clusters the input data in accordance with the groups of output data.Then,a set of prototypes are selected from the clustered input data.The inessential data can be ultimately discarded from the data set.The proposed method can reduce the effect from outliers because only the prototypes are used.This method is applied to reduce the data set in regression problems.Two standard synthetic data sets and three standard real-world data sets are used for evaluation.The root-mean-square errors are compared from support vector regression models trained with the original data sets and the corresponding instance-reduced data sets.From the experiments,the proposed method provides good results on the reduction and the reconstruction of the standard synthetic and real-world data sets.The numbers of instances of the synthetic data sets are decreased by 25%-69%.The reduction rates for the real-world data sets of the automobile miles per gallon and the 1990 census in CA are 46% and 57%,respectively.The reduction rate of 96% is very good for the electrocardiogram(ECG) data set because of the redundant and periodic nature of ECG signals.For all of the data sets,the regression results are similar to those from the corresponding original data sets.Therefore,the regression performance of the proposed method is good while only a fraction of the data is needed in the training process.
基金supported by the Key Project of the Chinese Academy of Sciences[grant number KZZD-EW-08]the Exploratory Forefront Project for the Strategic Science Plan in IGSNRR,CAS
文摘Environmentally Extended Input-Output(EEIO)tables have become a powerful element in supporting information-based environmental and economic policies.National-and provincial-level 10 tables are currently published by the National Bureau of Statistics of the People's Republic of China according to well-defined conventions.However,county-level 10tables are not provided as a rule by official statistics organizations.This paper conducts an overview of compiling EEIO tables for environmental and resources accounting at the county level and then answers several questions:First,what kind of data should be prepared for the compilation of county-level EEIO tables?Second,how can we set up comprehensive EEIO tables at the county level?Third,regarding the survey methods and the indirect modeling,which one should be chosen to build EEIO tables at the county level?Finally,what policy questions could such a table answer?EEIO tables at the county level can be used to predict the economic impacts of environmental policies and to perform trend and scenario analysis.
文摘The input-output pollution control model given in [1] is generalized. The generalization makes it easier for the model to handle many problem instances. A linear program is used to solve the new model. An example is given to show that the new model can handle classes of problems that the original model cannot handle.
文摘The aim of this paper is to analyze the Mexican energy system and its greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions for the year 2012 and to estimate a baseline scenario for 2026 using an input-output analysis. The elasticity of emissions with respect to national demand is calculated in order to identify the total and distributed effects of CO2 equivalent (CO2-eq) emissions. In this framework, the analysis evaluates the effects in the economy related to changes in individual sector demands, and, vice versa, the effect on individual sectors due to global changes in national demands. Results show that passenger and freight transport, power generation, iron and steel industry, chemical industry, air transportation and agriculture concentrate the largest potential for mitigation strategies, and also have important distributive effects on the Mexican economy. Results are evaluated under the mitigation strategies of industrial sector proposed by the Fifth Assessment Report of the IPCC.
基金Supported by the Key Research Subject of Economic Census of Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps(201004)the President Fund for Natural Science Project of Tarim University(TDZKSS09010)+1 种基金the Quality Project of Tarim University(TDZGKC09085)the Quality Project of Tarim University(TDZGTD09004)
文摘Agricultural input and output status in southern Xinjiang,China is introduced,such as lack of agricultural input,low level of agricultural modernization,excessive fertilizer use,serious damage of environment,shortage of water resources,tremendous pressure on ecological balance,insignificant economic and social benefits of agricultural production in southern Xinjiang,agriculture remaining a weak industry,agricultural economy as the economic subject of southern Xinjiang,and backward economic development of southern Xinjiang.Taking the Aksu area as an example,according to the input and output data in the years 2002-2007,input-output model about regional agriculture of the southern Xinjiang is established by principal component analysis.DPS software is used in the process of solving the model.Then,Eviews software is adopted to revise and test the model in order to analyze and evaluate the economic significance of the results obtained,and to make additional explanations of the relevant model.Since the agricultural economic output is seriously restricted in southern Xinjiang at present,the following countermeasures are put forward,such as adjusting the structure of agricultural land,improving the utilization ratio of land,increasing agricultural input,realizing agricultural modernization,rationally utilizing water resources,maintaining eco-environmental balance,enhancing the awareness of agricultural insurance,minimizing the risk and loss,taking the road of industrialization of characteristic agricultural products,and realizing the transfer of surplus labor force.
文摘This paper analyzes the citrus input-output efficiency by using the DEA-Malmquist productivity index methods based on the data of six counties in Jiangxi Province from 2010 to 2013.The result shows that TFP of Jiangxi citrus is at low level overall,but the development is rapid.Technological progress is the driving force to promote productivity growth.Based on the static analysis study of six counties in 2013,it is found that the available input factors on the whole are in an ideal condition,and the citrus input factors in a few counties are redundant.Therefore,according to the results,the following policy recommendations are proposed:speeding up the intensive production of citrus in Jiangxi Province,to maximize the scale effect;adjusting the input ratio of various factors of production,so as to improve the citrus input-output efficiency.
文摘Cable robots are structurally the same as parallel robots but with the basic difference that cables can only pull the platform and cannot push it. This feature makes control of cable robots a lot more challenging compared to parallel robots. This paper introduces a controller for cable robots under force constraint. The controller is based on input-output linearization and linear model predictive control. Performance of input-output linearizing (IOL) controllers suffers due to constraints on input and output variables. This problem is successfully tackled by augmenting IOL controllers with linear model predictive controller (LMPC). The effecttiveness of the proposed method is illustrated by numerical simulation.
文摘This paper reinterprets the economic input-output equation as a description of a realized situation without considering decision making. This paper uses the equation that the self-sufficiency rate is added to the Leontief type, and discusses its solvability. The equation has a unique solution if and only if each part of the relevant society satisfies the space-time openness condition. This condition means that commodities which a part of the relevant society possesses are not all inputted to its inside. Moreover, if the process of input and output is time irreversible, each part of the relevant society satisfies the space-time openness condition. Therefore, the solvability of the equation is guaranteed by time irreversibility. This proposition seems to be relevant to the grandfather paradox which is a type of time paradox.
基金supported by the National Social Science Fund of China (Grant No. 15CGL048)
文摘Based on 2012 input-output table of Shandong province and the official statistics, this article uses the input-output analysis method to build the input-output table. On the basis of the development of service industry in Shandong province's ability, we make a theoretical analysis framework of a comprehensive in-depth analysis on pull employment, creatively will cost tax rate, fully and completely labor capital and the combination of both the industry development space. So that the industry's ability to pull the employment can be considered, and to realize rapid and sustained development of service industry in Shandong province.
文摘This paper gives a report of the findings of a pilot study on task frequency effects of input-output cycles on EFL learners'oral proficiency.The results showed that the experimental group made greater progress in complexity and accuracy than control groups.We may come to the conclusion that circular input-out benefits learners most.The study may give some insights for foreign language teachers to give second language learners appropriate tasks in listening and speaking classes.
基金Under the auspices of Key Program of Chinese Academy of Sciences(No.KZZD-EW-06-02)National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.41201129)Humanities and Social Science Research Planning Fund,Ministry of Education of China(No.13YJAZH042)
文摘Industrial wastewater discharge in China is increasing with the country′s economic development and it is worthy of concern. The discharge is primarily relevant to the direct discharge coefficient of each sector of the economy, its direct input coefficient and the final demand in input-output models. In this study, we calculated the sensitivity of the reduction in the Chinese industrial wastewater discharge using the direct input coefficients based on the theory of error-transmission in an input-output framework. Using input-output models, we calculated the direct and total industrial wastewater discharge coefficients. Analysis of 2007 input-output data of 30 sectors of the Chinese economy and of 30 provincial regions of China indicates that by lowering their direct input coefficients, the manufacturers of textiles, paper and paper products, chemical products, smelting and metal pressing, telecommunication equipment, computers and other electronic equipment will significantly reduce their amounts of industrial wastewater discharge. By lowering intra-provincial direct input coefficients to industrial sectors themselves of Jiangsu, Shandong and Zhejiang, there will be a significant reduction in industrial wastewater discharge for the country as a whole. Investment in production technology and improvement in organizational efficiency in these sectors and in these provinces can help lessen the direct input coefficients, thereby effectively achieving a reduction in industrial wastewater discharge in China via industrial restructuring.
基金Project supported by the Key Program of the National NaturalScience Foundation of China (No. 60434020)the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 60604003)
文摘Based on input-output approach, the robust stability and stabilization problems for uncertain singular systems with time-varying delays are investigated. The parameter uncertainties are assumed to be norm-bounded and the time-varying delays include both discrete delay and distributed delay. By introducing a new input-output model, the time-delay system is embedded in a family of systems with a forward system without time delay and a dynamical feedback uncertainty. A sufficient and necessary condition, which guarantees the system regular, impulse-free and stable for all admissible uncertainties, is obtained. Based on the strict linear matrix inequality, the desired robust state feedback controller is also obtained. Finally, a numerical example is provided to demonstrate the application of the proposed method.
