Measuring the pionic structure function is of high interest, as it provides a new area for understanding the strong interaction among quarks and testing QCD predictions. To this end, we investigate the feasibility and...Measuring the pionic structure function is of high interest, as it provides a new area for understanding the strong interaction among quarks and testing QCD predictions. To this end, we investigate the feasibility and expected impact of a possible experiment at EicC(Electron-ion collider in China). We show the simulation results on the statistical precision of an EicC measurement, based on the model of leading neutron tagged DIS process and the parton distribution functions of the pion from JAM18 global analysis. The simulation shows that at EicC, the kinematics cover the x π range from 0.01 to 1, and the Q2 range from 1 to 50 GeV2, within the acceptable statistical uncertainty. Assuming an integrated luminosity of 50 fb-1, in the low-Q2 region(< 10 GeV2), the Monte Carlo data show that the suggested measurement in the whole x π range reaches very high precision(< 3%). To perform such an experiment, only the addition of a far-forward neutron calorimeter is needed.展开更多
The problem of the deuteron interaction with lithium nuclei,treated as a system of two coupled pointlike clusters,is formulated to calculate the cross sections of the d+Li reaction.The d+Li reaction mechanism is descr...The problem of the deuteron interaction with lithium nuclei,treated as a system of two coupled pointlike clusters,is formulated to calculate the cross sections of the d+Li reaction.The d+Li reaction mechanism is described using the Faddeev theory for the three-body problem of deuteron-nucleus interaction.This theory is slightly extended for calculation of the stripping processes ^6Li(d,p)^7Li,^7Li(d,p)^8 ,^6Li(d,n)^7 Be,and ^7Li(d,n)^8 Be,as well as fragmentation reactions yielding tritium,a-particles,and continuous neutrons and protons in the initial deuteron kineticenergy region Ed=0.5-20 MeV.The phase shifts found for d+^6Li and d+^7Li elastic scattering,as part of the simple optic model with a complex central potential,were used to find the cross sections for the 6^Li(d,yM)^8 and ^7Li(d,yE1)^9 Be radiation captures.The three-body dynamics role is also summarized to demonstrate its significant influence within the d+^7Li system.展开更多
Two low-lying unbound states in ^(16)C are investigated by deuteron inelastic scattering in inverse kinematics.Besides the 2^(-) state at 5.45 MeV previously measured in a 1n knockout reaction,a new resonant state at ...Two low-lying unbound states in ^(16)C are investigated by deuteron inelastic scattering in inverse kinematics.Besides the 2^(-) state at 5.45 MeV previously measured in a 1n knockout reaction,a new resonant state at 6.89 MeV is observed for the first time.The inelastic scattering angular distributions of these two states are well reproduced by the distorted-wave Born approximation(DWBA)calculation with an l=1 excitation.In addition,the spinparities of the unbound states are discussed and tentatively assigned based on shell model calculations using the modified YSOX interaction.展开更多
The oscillator strengths of the valence-shell excitations of C_(2)H_(2) are extremely important for testing theoretical models and studying interstellar gases.In this study,the high-resolution inelastic x-ray scatteri...The oscillator strengths of the valence-shell excitations of C_(2)H_(2) are extremely important for testing theoretical models and studying interstellar gases.In this study,the high-resolution inelastic x-ray scattering(IXS)method is adopted to determine the generalized oscillator strengths(GOSs)of the valence-shell excitations of C_(2)H_(2) at a photon energy of10 ke V.The GOSs are extrapolated to their zero limit to obtain the corresponding optical oscillator strengths(OOSs).Through taking a completely different experimental method of the IXS,the present results offer the high energy limit for electron collision to satisfy the first Born approximation(FBA)and cross-check the previous experimental and theoretical results independently.The comparisons indicate that an electron collision energy of 1500 e V is not enough for C_(2)H_(2) to satisfy the FBA for the large squared momentum transfer,and the line saturation effect limits the accuracy of the OOSs measured by the photoabsorption method.展开更多
We develop a new method for taking into account the interference contributions to proton-proton inelastic cross-section within the framework of the simplest multi-peripheral model based on the self-interacting scalar ...We develop a new method for taking into account the interference contributions to proton-proton inelastic cross-section within the framework of the simplest multi-peripheral model based on the self-interacting scalar φ3 field theory, using Laplace’s method for calculation of each interference contribution. We do not know any works that adopted the inter- ference contributions for inelastic processes. This is due to the generally adopted assumption that the main contribution to the integrals expressing the cross section makes multi-Regge domains with its characteristic strong ordering of secon- dary particles by rapidity. However, in this work, we find what kind of space domains makes a major contribution to the integral and these space domains are not multi-Regge. We demonstrated that because these interference contributions are significant, so they cannot be limited by a small part of them. With the help of the approximate replacement the sum of a huge number of these contributions by the integral were calculated partial cross sections for such numbers of secondary particles for which direct calculation would be impossible. The offered model qualitative agrees with experimental dependence of total scattering cross-section on energy with a characteristic minimum in the range ≈ 10 GeV. However, quantitative agreement was not achieved;we assume that due to the fact that we have examined the simplest diagrams of theory.展开更多
Many-body correlations in nuclei determine the behavior of Deep-Inelastic-Scattering (DIS) and Quasi-Elastic Scattering (QES) cross section ratios off heavy over light nuclei especially for <em>x</em><s...Many-body correlations in nuclei determine the behavior of Deep-Inelastic-Scattering (DIS) and Quasi-Elastic Scattering (QES) cross section ratios off heavy over light nuclei especially for <em>x</em><sub>Bjorken</sub> > 1, obtained at Jefferson Lab. They can be described in terms of quark-cluster formation in nuclei due to wave-function overlapping, manifesting itself when the momentum transfer is high so that the partonic degrees of freedom are resolved. In clusters (correlated nucleons) the quark and gluon momentum distributions are softer than in single nucleons and extend to <em style="white-space:normal;">x</em><sub style="white-space:normal;">Bjorken</sub><span style="white-space:normal;"> > 1</span>. The cluster formation probabilities are computed using a network-defining algorithm in which the initial nucleon density is either standard Woods-Saxon or is input from lower energy data while the critical radius for nucleon merging is an adjustable parameter. The exact choice of critical radius depends on the specific nucleus and it is anti-correlated to the rescaling of the <em>x</em><sub>Bjorken</sub> needed for bound nucleons. The calculations show that there is a strong dependence of the cross section ratios on the <em>x</em><sub>Bjorken</sub> in agreement with the data and that four-body correlations are needed to explain the experimental results even in the range 1 <<em> x</em><sub>Bjorken</sub> < 2. The dependence on the specific exponents of parton distributions in high-order clusters is weak.展开更多
Fast charging and high-power delivering batteries are highly demanded in mobile electronics,electric vehicles and grid energy storage,but there are full of challenges.The star-material Li_(3)V_(2)(PO_(4))_(3) is demon...Fast charging and high-power delivering batteries are highly demanded in mobile electronics,electric vehicles and grid energy storage,but there are full of challenges.The star-material Li_(3)V_(2)(PO_(4))_(3) is demonstrated as a promising high-rate cathode material meeting the above requirements.Herein,we report the carbon decorated Li_(3)V_(2)(PO_(4))_(3) (LVP/C) cathode prepared via a facile method,which displays a remarkable high-rate capability and long-term cycling performance.Briefly,the prepared LVP/C delivers a high discharge capacity of 122 mAh g^(-1)(-93% of the theoretical capacity) at a high rate up to 20 C and a superior capacity retention of 87.1% after 1000 cycles.Importantly,by applying a combination of X-ray absorption spectroscopy and full-range mapping of resonant inelastic X-ray scattering,we clearly elucidate the structural and chemical evolutions of LVP upon various potentials and cycle numbers.We show unambiguous spectroscopic evidences that the evolution of the hybridization strength between V and O in LVP/C as a consequence of lithiation/delithiation is highly reversible both in the bulk and on the surface during the discharge-charge processes even over extended cycles,which should be responsible for the remarkable electrochemical performance of LVP/C.Our present study provides not only an effective synthesis strategy but also deeper insights into the surface and bulk electrochemical reaction mechanism of LVP,which should be beneficial for the further design of high-performance LVP electrode materials.展开更多
Precisely quantifying transition metal(TM) redox in bulk is a key to understand the fundamental of optimizing cathode materials in secondary batteries. At present, the commonly used methods to probe TM redox are hard ...Precisely quantifying transition metal(TM) redox in bulk is a key to understand the fundamental of optimizing cathode materials in secondary batteries. At present, the commonly used methods to probe TM redox are hard X-ray absorption spectroscopy(hXAS) and soft X-ray absorption spectroscopy(sXAS).However, they are both facing challenges to precisely quantify the valence states of some transition metals such as Mn. In this paper, Mn-L iPFY(inverse partial fluorescence yield) spectra extracted from Mn-L m RIXS(mapping of resonant inelastic X-ray scattering) is adopted to quantify Mn valence states. Mn-L i PFY spectra has been considered as a bulk-sensitive, non-distorted probe of TM valence states.However, the exact precision of this method is still unclear in quantifying practical battery electrodes.Herein, a series of LiMn_(2)O_(4) electrodes with different charge and discharge states are prepared. Based on their electrochemical capacity(generally considered to be very precise), the precision of Mn iPFY in quantifying bulk Mn valence state is confirmed, and the error range is unraveled. Mn-L mRIXS iPFY thus is identified as one of the best methods to quantify the bulk Mn valence state comparing with hXAS and sXAS.展开更多
Light(sub-GeV)dark matter has gained increasing interest in terms of direct detection.Accelerated dark matter is a promising candidate that can generate detectable nuclear recoil energy within the sub-GeV range.Becaus...Light(sub-GeV)dark matter has gained increasing interest in terms of direct detection.Accelerated dark matter is a promising candidate that can generate detectable nuclear recoil energy within the sub-GeV range.Because of the large kinetic energy,its interactions with the nucleus are predominantly governed by inelastic scattering,including quasi-elastic and deep inelastic scattering.In this work,we calculated the inelastic effects in dark matter-Earth scattering mediated by a vector particle.Our analysis revealed that the impact of inelastic scattering relies on the mediator mass and the kinetic energy spectrum of dark matter.The results exhibited considerable disparity:the upper bounds of the exclusion limit for the spin-independent cross-section between accelerated dark matter and nuclei via a heavy mediator differ by several tens of times when inelastic scattering is considered.展开更多
In this paper, we study the top content of nucleon by analyzing azimuthal asymmetries in lepton-nucleon deep inelastic scattering(DIS), also we search for the Higgs boson associated production channel, tˉt H, at the ...In this paper, we study the top content of nucleon by analyzing azimuthal asymmetries in lepton-nucleon deep inelastic scattering(DIS), also we search for the Higgs boson associated production channel, tˉt H, at the large hadron-electron collider(LHe C) caused by boson-gluon fusion(BGF) contribution. We use azimuthal asymmetries inγ*Q cross sections in terms of helicity contributions to semi-inclusive deep inelastic scattering to investigate numerical properties of the cos 2? distribution. We conclude that measuring azimuthal distributions caused by intrinsic heavy quark production can directly probe heavy quarks inside nucleon. Moreover, in order to estimate the probability of producing the Higgs boson, we suggest another approach in the framework of calculating tˉt cross section in boson-gluon fusion mechanism. Finally, we can confirm that this observed massive particle is referred to Higgs boson produced by fermion loop.展开更多
Dimuon events induced by charm-quark productions from neutrino deep inelastic scattering(DIS) processes have been studied in traditional DIS experiments for decades.The recent progress in neutrino telescopes makes it ...Dimuon events induced by charm-quark productions from neutrino deep inelastic scattering(DIS) processes have been studied in traditional DIS experiments for decades.The recent progress in neutrino telescopes makes it possible to search for such dimuon events at energies far beyond the laboratory scale.In this study,we construct a simulation framework to calculate yields and distributions of dimuon signals in an IceCube-like km3scale neutrino telescope.Owing to the experimental limitation in the resolution of double-track lateral distance,only dimuons produced outside the detector volume are considered.Detailed information about simulation results for a10-year exposure is presented.As an earlier paper [Physical Review D 105,093005(2022)] and ours report on a similar situation,we use that paper as a baseline to conduct comparisons.We then estimate the impacts of different calculation methods of muon energy losses.Finally,we study the experimental potential of dimuon searches under the hypothesis of single-muon background only.Our results based on a simplified double-track reconstruction indicate a moderate sensitivity,especially with the ORCA configuration.Further developments on both the reconstruction algorithm and possible detector designs are thus required and are under investigation.展开更多
In the context of the double folding optical model,the strong refractive effect for elastic scattering of 11Li+12C and 11Li+28Si systems at incident energies of 29,50,and 60 MeV/n is studied.Real folded potentials are...In the context of the double folding optical model,the strong refractive effect for elastic scattering of 11Li+12C and 11Li+28Si systems at incident energies of 29,50,and 60 MeV/n is studied.Real folded potentials are generated based on a variety of nucleon-nucleon interactions with the suggested density distributions for the halo structure of 11Li nuclei.The rearrangement term(RT)of the extended realistic density dependent CDM3Y6 effective interaction is considered.The imaginary potential was taken in the traditional standard Woods-Saxon form.Satisfactory results for the calculated potentials are obtained,with a slight effect of the RT in CDM3Y6 potential.Successful reproduction with a normalization factor close to one for the observed angular distributions of the elastic scattering differential cross section has been achieved using the derived potentials.The obtained reaction cross-section is studied as a guide by extrapolating our calculations and previous results.展开更多
Determination of proton parton distribution functions is presented under the dynamical parton model assumption by applying DGLAP equations with GLR-MQ-ZRS corrections.We provide two data sets,referred to as IMParton16...Determination of proton parton distribution functions is presented under the dynamical parton model assumption by applying DGLAP equations with GLR-MQ-ZRS corrections.We provide two data sets,referred to as IMParton16,which are from two different nonperturbative inputs.One is the naive input of three valence quarks and the other is the input of three valence quarks with flavor-asymmetric sea components.Basically,both data sets are compatible with the experimental measurements at high scale(Q^2> 2 GeV^2).Furthermore,our analysis shows that the input with flavor-asymmetric sea components better reproduces the structure functions at high Q^2.Generally,the parton distribution functions obtained,especially the gluon distribution function,are good options for inputs to simulations of high energy scattering processes.The analysis is performed under the fixed-flavor number scheme for nf = 3,4,5.Both data sets start from very low scales,around 0.07 GeV^2,where the nonperturbative input is directly connected to the simple picture of the quark model.These results may shed some lights on the origin of the parton distributions observed at high Q^2.展开更多
Measuring the kaon structure beyond proton and pion structures is a prominent topic in hadron physics,as it is one way to understand the nature of the Nambu-Goldstone boson of QCD and observe the interplay between the...Measuring the kaon structure beyond proton and pion structures is a prominent topic in hadron physics,as it is one way to understand the nature of the Nambu-Goldstone boson of QCD and observe the interplay between the EHM and HB mechanisms for hadron mass generation.In this study,we present a simulation of the leading A baryon tagged deep inelastic scattering experiment at EicC(Electron-ion collider in China),which is engaged to unveil the internal structure of kaon via the Sullivan process.According to our simulation results,the suggested experiment will cover the kinematical domain of 0.05≤xK≤0.85 and Q^(2)up to 50 GeV^(2),with the acceptable statistical uncertainties.In the relatively low-Q^(2) region(<10 GeV^(2)),the Monte-Carlo simulation shows a good statistical precision(<5%)for the measurement of the kaon structure function F2K.In the high-Q^(2) region(up to 50 GeV^(2)),the statistical uncertainty of F_(2)^(K) is also acceptable(<10%)for the data at xK<0.8.To perform such an experiment at an electron-ion collider,a high-performance zero-degree calorimeter is suggested.The magnitude of the background process and the assumed detector capabilities are also discussed and illustrated in the paper.展开更多
High-entropy alloys are characteristic of extensive atomic occupational disorder on high-symmetric lattices,differing from traditional alloys.Here,we investigate the magnetic and thermal transport properties of the pr...High-entropy alloys are characteristic of extensive atomic occupational disorder on high-symmetric lattices,differing from traditional alloys.Here,we investigate the magnetic and thermal transport properties of the prototype face-centered-cubic high-entropy alloy CrMnFeCoNi by combining physical properties measurements and neutron scattering.Direct-current and alternating-current magnetizations measurements indicate a mictomagnetic behavior with coexisting antiferromagnetic and ferromagnetic interactions below room temperature and three anomalies are found at about 80,40,and 20 K,which are related to the paramagnetic to antiferromagnetic transition,the antiferromagnetic to ferromagnetic transition,and the spin freezing,respectively.The electrical and thermal conductivities are significantly reduced compared to Ni,and the temperature dependence of lattice thermal conductivity exhibits a glasslike plateau.Inelastic neutron scattering measurements suggest weak anharmonicity so that the thermal transport is expected to be dominated by the defect scattering.展开更多
In scanning tunneling microscopy-induced luminescence(STML),the photon count is measured to reflect single-molecule properties,e.g.,the first molecular excited state.The energy of the first excited state is typically ...In scanning tunneling microscopy-induced luminescence(STML),the photon count is measured to reflect single-molecule properties,e.g.,the first molecular excited state.The energy of the first excited state is typically shown by a rise of the photon count as a function of the bias voltage between the tip and the substrate.It remains a challenge to determine the precise rise position of the current due to possible experimental noise.In this work,we propose an alternating current version of STML to resolve the fine structures in the photon count measurement.The measured photon count and the current at the long-time limit show a sinusoidal oscillation.The zero-frequency component of the current shows knee points at the precise voltage as the fraction of the detuning between the molecular gap and the DC component of the bias voltage.We propose to measure the energy level with discontinuity of the first derivative of such a zero-frequency component.The current method will extend the application of STML in terms of measuring molecular properties.展开更多
基金the Strategic Priority Research Program of Chinese Academy of Sciences(XDB34030301)。
文摘Measuring the pionic structure function is of high interest, as it provides a new area for understanding the strong interaction among quarks and testing QCD predictions. To this end, we investigate the feasibility and expected impact of a possible experiment at EicC(Electron-ion collider in China). We show the simulation results on the statistical precision of an EicC measurement, based on the model of leading neutron tagged DIS process and the parton distribution functions of the pion from JAM18 global analysis. The simulation shows that at EicC, the kinematics cover the x π range from 0.01 to 1, and the Q2 range from 1 to 50 GeV2, within the acceptable statistical uncertainty. Assuming an integrated luminosity of 50 fb-1, in the low-Q2 region(< 10 GeV2), the Monte Carlo data show that the suggested measurement in the whole x π range reaches very high precision(< 3%). To perform such an experiment, only the addition of a far-forward neutron calorimeter is needed.
基金The reported study was funded by RFBR,(20-02-00004)。
文摘The problem of the deuteron interaction with lithium nuclei,treated as a system of two coupled pointlike clusters,is formulated to calculate the cross sections of the d+Li reaction.The d+Li reaction mechanism is described using the Faddeev theory for the three-body problem of deuteron-nucleus interaction.This theory is slightly extended for calculation of the stripping processes ^6Li(d,p)^7Li,^7Li(d,p)^8 ,^6Li(d,n)^7 Be,and ^7Li(d,n)^8 Be,as well as fragmentation reactions yielding tritium,a-particles,and continuous neutrons and protons in the initial deuteron kineticenergy region Ed=0.5-20 MeV.The phase shifts found for d+^6Li and d+^7Li elastic scattering,as part of the simple optic model with a complex central potential,were used to find the cross sections for the 6^Li(d,yM)^8 and ^7Li(d,yE1)^9 Be radiation captures.The three-body dynamics role is also summarized to demonstrate its significant influence within the d+^7Li system.
基金Supported by the National Key R&D Program of China(2018YFA0404403)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(11775004,U1867214,11875074,11961141003)+1 种基金the funding from the State Key Laboratory of Nuclear Physics and Technology,Peking University(NPT2021ZZ01)the funding from Heavy Ion Research Facility in Lanzhou(HIR2021PY002)。
文摘Two low-lying unbound states in ^(16)C are investigated by deuteron inelastic scattering in inverse kinematics.Besides the 2^(-) state at 5.45 MeV previously measured in a 1n knockout reaction,a new resonant state at 6.89 MeV is observed for the first time.The inelastic scattering angular distributions of these two states are well reproduced by the distorted-wave Born approximation(DWBA)calculation with an l=1 excitation.In addition,the spinparities of the unbound states are discussed and tentatively assigned based on shell model calculations using the modified YSOX interaction.
基金Project supported by the Strategic Priority Research Program of the Chinese Academy of Science(Grant No.XDB34000000)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.U1932207 and 12104437)+3 种基金the National Key Research and Development Program of China(Grant No.2017YFA0402300)The support from the Heavy Ion Research Facility in Lanzhou(HIRFL)the BL12XU of SPring-8 with the approval of Japan Synchrotron Radiation Research Institute(Proposal No.2019A4275)“National”Synchrotron Radiation Research Center,Taiwan,China(Proposal No.2019-2-089-1)。
文摘The oscillator strengths of the valence-shell excitations of C_(2)H_(2) are extremely important for testing theoretical models and studying interstellar gases.In this study,the high-resolution inelastic x-ray scattering(IXS)method is adopted to determine the generalized oscillator strengths(GOSs)of the valence-shell excitations of C_(2)H_(2) at a photon energy of10 ke V.The GOSs are extrapolated to their zero limit to obtain the corresponding optical oscillator strengths(OOSs).Through taking a completely different experimental method of the IXS,the present results offer the high energy limit for electron collision to satisfy the first Born approximation(FBA)and cross-check the previous experimental and theoretical results independently.The comparisons indicate that an electron collision energy of 1500 e V is not enough for C_(2)H_(2) to satisfy the FBA for the large squared momentum transfer,and the line saturation effect limits the accuracy of the OOSs measured by the photoabsorption method.
文摘We develop a new method for taking into account the interference contributions to proton-proton inelastic cross-section within the framework of the simplest multi-peripheral model based on the self-interacting scalar φ3 field theory, using Laplace’s method for calculation of each interference contribution. We do not know any works that adopted the inter- ference contributions for inelastic processes. This is due to the generally adopted assumption that the main contribution to the integrals expressing the cross section makes multi-Regge domains with its characteristic strong ordering of secon- dary particles by rapidity. However, in this work, we find what kind of space domains makes a major contribution to the integral and these space domains are not multi-Regge. We demonstrated that because these interference contributions are significant, so they cannot be limited by a small part of them. With the help of the approximate replacement the sum of a huge number of these contributions by the integral were calculated partial cross sections for such numbers of secondary particles for which direct calculation would be impossible. The offered model qualitative agrees with experimental dependence of total scattering cross-section on energy with a characteristic minimum in the range ≈ 10 GeV. However, quantitative agreement was not achieved;we assume that due to the fact that we have examined the simplest diagrams of theory.
文摘Many-body correlations in nuclei determine the behavior of Deep-Inelastic-Scattering (DIS) and Quasi-Elastic Scattering (QES) cross section ratios off heavy over light nuclei especially for <em>x</em><sub>Bjorken</sub> > 1, obtained at Jefferson Lab. They can be described in terms of quark-cluster formation in nuclei due to wave-function overlapping, manifesting itself when the momentum transfer is high so that the partonic degrees of freedom are resolved. In clusters (correlated nucleons) the quark and gluon momentum distributions are softer than in single nucleons and extend to <em style="white-space:normal;">x</em><sub style="white-space:normal;">Bjorken</sub><span style="white-space:normal;"> > 1</span>. The cluster formation probabilities are computed using a network-defining algorithm in which the initial nucleon density is either standard Woods-Saxon or is input from lower energy data while the critical radius for nucleon merging is an adjustable parameter. The exact choice of critical radius depends on the specific nucleus and it is anti-correlated to the rescaling of the <em>x</em><sub>Bjorken</sub> needed for bound nucleons. The calculations show that there is a strong dependence of the cross section ratios on the <em>x</em><sub>Bjorken</sub> in agreement with the data and that four-body correlations are needed to explain the experimental results even in the range 1 <<em> x</em><sub>Bjorken</sub> < 2. The dependence on the specific exponents of parton distributions in high-order clusters is weak.
基金supported by Collaborative Innovation Center of Suzhou Nano Science & Technologythe Priority Academic Program Development of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions (PAPD)+5 种基金the 111 roject, Joint International Research Laboratory of Carbon-Based Functional Materials and Devicesthe National Natural Science Foundation of China (11905154)the Natural Science Foundation of the Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions of China (19KJA550004)the Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province (BK20190814)the National Key R&D Program of China (No. 2016YFA0202600)supported by the Director, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, of the U.S. Department of Energy under Contract No. DE-AC02-05CH11231。
文摘Fast charging and high-power delivering batteries are highly demanded in mobile electronics,electric vehicles and grid energy storage,but there are full of challenges.The star-material Li_(3)V_(2)(PO_(4))_(3) is demonstrated as a promising high-rate cathode material meeting the above requirements.Herein,we report the carbon decorated Li_(3)V_(2)(PO_(4))_(3) (LVP/C) cathode prepared via a facile method,which displays a remarkable high-rate capability and long-term cycling performance.Briefly,the prepared LVP/C delivers a high discharge capacity of 122 mAh g^(-1)(-93% of the theoretical capacity) at a high rate up to 20 C and a superior capacity retention of 87.1% after 1000 cycles.Importantly,by applying a combination of X-ray absorption spectroscopy and full-range mapping of resonant inelastic X-ray scattering,we clearly elucidate the structural and chemical evolutions of LVP upon various potentials and cycle numbers.We show unambiguous spectroscopic evidences that the evolution of the hybridization strength between V and O in LVP/C as a consequence of lithiation/delithiation is highly reversible both in the bulk and on the surface during the discharge-charge processes even over extended cycles,which should be responsible for the remarkable electrochemical performance of LVP/C.Our present study provides not only an effective synthesis strategy but also deeper insights into the surface and bulk electrochemical reaction mechanism of LVP,which should be beneficial for the further design of high-performance LVP electrode materials.
基金the support from the key research and development and promotion of special projects (scientific and technological research) of Henan province (212102210188)the National Natural Science Foundation of China (51604244)the Energy Storage Materials and Processes Key Laboratory of Henan Province Open Fund (2021003)。
文摘Precisely quantifying transition metal(TM) redox in bulk is a key to understand the fundamental of optimizing cathode materials in secondary batteries. At present, the commonly used methods to probe TM redox are hard X-ray absorption spectroscopy(hXAS) and soft X-ray absorption spectroscopy(sXAS).However, they are both facing challenges to precisely quantify the valence states of some transition metals such as Mn. In this paper, Mn-L iPFY(inverse partial fluorescence yield) spectra extracted from Mn-L m RIXS(mapping of resonant inelastic X-ray scattering) is adopted to quantify Mn valence states. Mn-L i PFY spectra has been considered as a bulk-sensitive, non-distorted probe of TM valence states.However, the exact precision of this method is still unclear in quantifying practical battery electrodes.Herein, a series of LiMn_(2)O_(4) electrodes with different charge and discharge states are prepared. Based on their electrochemical capacity(generally considered to be very precise), the precision of Mn iPFY in quantifying bulk Mn valence state is confirmed, and the error range is unraveled. Mn-L mRIXS iPFY thus is identified as one of the best methods to quantify the bulk Mn valence state comparing with hXAS and sXAS.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.12275134,12275232,and 12335005)。
文摘Light(sub-GeV)dark matter has gained increasing interest in terms of direct detection.Accelerated dark matter is a promising candidate that can generate detectable nuclear recoil energy within the sub-GeV range.Because of the large kinetic energy,its interactions with the nucleus are predominantly governed by inelastic scattering,including quasi-elastic and deep inelastic scattering.In this work,we calculated the inelastic effects in dark matter-Earth scattering mediated by a vector particle.Our analysis revealed that the impact of inelastic scattering relies on the mediator mass and the kinetic energy spectrum of dark matter.The results exhibited considerable disparity:the upper bounds of the exclusion limit for the spin-independent cross-section between accelerated dark matter and nuclei via a heavy mediator differ by several tens of times when inelastic scattering is considered.
文摘In this paper, we study the top content of nucleon by analyzing azimuthal asymmetries in lepton-nucleon deep inelastic scattering(DIS), also we search for the Higgs boson associated production channel, tˉt H, at the large hadron-electron collider(LHe C) caused by boson-gluon fusion(BGF) contribution. We use azimuthal asymmetries inγ*Q cross sections in terms of helicity contributions to semi-inclusive deep inelastic scattering to investigate numerical properties of the cos 2? distribution. We conclude that measuring azimuthal distributions caused by intrinsic heavy quark production can directly probe heavy quarks inside nucleon. Moreover, in order to estimate the probability of producing the Higgs boson, we suggest another approach in the framework of calculating tˉt cross section in boson-gluon fusion mechanism. Finally, we can confirm that this observed massive particle is referred to Higgs boson produced by fermion loop.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (11875189, 11835005)Shanghai Jiao Tong University under the Double First Class Start-up Fund (WF220442603)。
文摘Dimuon events induced by charm-quark productions from neutrino deep inelastic scattering(DIS) processes have been studied in traditional DIS experiments for decades.The recent progress in neutrino telescopes makes it possible to search for such dimuon events at energies far beyond the laboratory scale.In this study,we construct a simulation framework to calculate yields and distributions of dimuon signals in an IceCube-like km3scale neutrino telescope.Owing to the experimental limitation in the resolution of double-track lateral distance,only dimuons produced outside the detector volume are considered.Detailed information about simulation results for a10-year exposure is presented.As an earlier paper [Physical Review D 105,093005(2022)] and ours report on a similar situation,we use that paper as a baseline to conduct comparisons.We then estimate the impacts of different calculation methods of muon energy losses.Finally,we study the experimental potential of dimuon searches under the hypothesis of single-muon background only.Our results based on a simplified double-track reconstruction indicate a moderate sensitivity,especially with the ORCA configuration.Further developments on both the reconstruction algorithm and possible detector designs are thus required and are under investigation.
文摘In the context of the double folding optical model,the strong refractive effect for elastic scattering of 11Li+12C and 11Li+28Si systems at incident energies of 29,50,and 60 MeV/n is studied.Real folded potentials are generated based on a variety of nucleon-nucleon interactions with the suggested density distributions for the halo structure of 11Li nuclei.The rearrangement term(RT)of the extended realistic density dependent CDM3Y6 effective interaction is considered.The imaginary potential was taken in the traditional standard Woods-Saxon form.Satisfactory results for the calculated potentials are obtained,with a slight effect of the RT in CDM3Y6 potential.Successful reproduction with a normalization factor close to one for the observed angular distributions of the elastic scattering differential cross section has been achieved using the derived potentials.The obtained reaction cross-section is studied as a guide by extrapolating our calculations and previous results.
基金Supported by National Basic Research Program(973 Program 2014CB845406)Century Program of Chinese Academy of Sciences(Y101020BR0)
文摘Determination of proton parton distribution functions is presented under the dynamical parton model assumption by applying DGLAP equations with GLR-MQ-ZRS corrections.We provide two data sets,referred to as IMParton16,which are from two different nonperturbative inputs.One is the naive input of three valence quarks and the other is the input of three valence quarks with flavor-asymmetric sea components.Basically,both data sets are compatible with the experimental measurements at high scale(Q^2> 2 GeV^2).Furthermore,our analysis shows that the input with flavor-asymmetric sea components better reproduces the structure functions at high Q^2.Generally,the parton distribution functions obtained,especially the gluon distribution function,are good options for inputs to simulations of high energy scattering processes.The analysis is performed under the fixed-flavor number scheme for nf = 3,4,5.Both data sets start from very low scales,around 0.07 GeV^2,where the nonperturbative input is directly connected to the simple picture of the quark model.These results may shed some lights on the origin of the parton distributions observed at high Q^2.
基金Supported by the Strategic Priority Research Program of Chinese Academy of Sciences(XDB34030301)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(12005266)the Guangdong Major Project of Basic and Applied Basic Research(2020B0301030008)。
文摘Measuring the kaon structure beyond proton and pion structures is a prominent topic in hadron physics,as it is one way to understand the nature of the Nambu-Goldstone boson of QCD and observe the interplay between the EHM and HB mechanisms for hadron mass generation.In this study,we present a simulation of the leading A baryon tagged deep inelastic scattering experiment at EicC(Electron-ion collider in China),which is engaged to unveil the internal structure of kaon via the Sullivan process.According to our simulation results,the suggested experiment will cover the kinematical domain of 0.05≤xK≤0.85 and Q^(2)up to 50 GeV^(2),with the acceptable statistical uncertainties.In the relatively low-Q^(2) region(<10 GeV^(2)),the Monte-Carlo simulation shows a good statistical precision(<5%)for the measurement of the kaon structure function F2K.In the high-Q^(2) region(up to 50 GeV^(2)),the statistical uncertainty of F_(2)^(K) is also acceptable(<10%)for the data at xK<0.8.To perform such an experiment at an electron-ion collider,a high-performance zero-degree calorimeter is suggested.The magnitude of the background process and the assumed detector capabilities are also discussed and illustrated in the paper.
基金financially supported by the Liaoning Revitalization Talents Program(No.XLYC1807122)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.11804346,12005243,and 51771197)+1 种基金the Key Research Program of Frontier Sciences of Chinese Academy of Sciences(No.ZDBS-LY-JSC002)the Ministry of Science and Technology of China(No.2020YFA0406002)
文摘High-entropy alloys are characteristic of extensive atomic occupational disorder on high-symmetric lattices,differing from traditional alloys.Here,we investigate the magnetic and thermal transport properties of the prototype face-centered-cubic high-entropy alloy CrMnFeCoNi by combining physical properties measurements and neutron scattering.Direct-current and alternating-current magnetizations measurements indicate a mictomagnetic behavior with coexisting antiferromagnetic and ferromagnetic interactions below room temperature and three anomalies are found at about 80,40,and 20 K,which are related to the paramagnetic to antiferromagnetic transition,the antiferromagnetic to ferromagnetic transition,and the spin freezing,respectively.The electrical and thermal conductivities are significantly reduced compared to Ni,and the temperature dependence of lattice thermal conductivity exhibits a glasslike plateau.Inelastic neutron scattering measurements suggest weak anharmonicity so that the thermal transport is expected to be dominated by the defect scattering.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(NSFC)(Grant No.11875049)the NSAF(Grant Nos.U1730449 and U1930403)the National Basic Research Program of China(Grant No.2016YFA0301201).
文摘In scanning tunneling microscopy-induced luminescence(STML),the photon count is measured to reflect single-molecule properties,e.g.,the first molecular excited state.The energy of the first excited state is typically shown by a rise of the photon count as a function of the bias voltage between the tip and the substrate.It remains a challenge to determine the precise rise position of the current due to possible experimental noise.In this work,we propose an alternating current version of STML to resolve the fine structures in the photon count measurement.The measured photon count and the current at the long-time limit show a sinusoidal oscillation.The zero-frequency component of the current shows knee points at the precise voltage as the fraction of the detuning between the molecular gap and the DC component of the bias voltage.We propose to measure the energy level with discontinuity of the first derivative of such a zero-frequency component.The current method will extend the application of STML in terms of measuring molecular properties.
