We show that an intrinsically nonlinear oscillator can always be transformed into a linear or harmonic oscillator by addition of a constant force, which shifts the equilibrium position of the oscillator.
In recent years,significant progress has been achieved in the design and fabrication of stretchable optoelectronic devices.In general,stretchability has been achieved through geometrical modifications of device compon...In recent years,significant progress has been achieved in the design and fabrication of stretchable optoelectronic devices.In general,stretchability has been achieved through geometrical modifications of device components,such as with serpentine interconnects or buckled substrates.However,the local stiffness of individual pixels and the limited pixel density of the array have impeded further advancements in stretchable optoelectronics.Therefore,intrinsically stretch-able optoelectronics have been proposed as an alternative approach.Herein,we review the recent advances in soft elec-tronic materials for application in intrinsically stretchable optoelectronic devices.First,we introduce various intrinsically stretchable electronic materials,comprised of electronic fillers,elastomers,and surfactants,and exemplify different in-trinsically stretchable conducting and semiconducting composites.We also describe the processing methods used to fabricate the electrodes,interconnections,charge transport layers,and optically active layers used in intrinsically stretch-able optoelectronic devices.Subsequently,we review representative examples of intrinsically stretchable optoelectronic devices,including light-emitting capacitors,light-emitting diodes,photodetectors,and photovoltaics.Finally,we briefly discuss intrinsically stretchable integrated optoelectronic systems.展开更多
Aiming to make a high power direct current supply safely used in coal mine production, this paper made a deep research on characteristics of intrinsically safe power supply, using the mathematical model established ac...Aiming to make a high power direct current supply safely used in coal mine production, this paper made a deep research on characteristics of intrinsically safe power supply, using the mathematical model established according to coal mine intrinsic safety standards. It provides theory support for the application of high power intrinsically safe power supply. The released energy of output short circuit of switch power supply, and the close related factors that influence the biggest output short-circuit spark discharge energy are the theoretical basis of the power supply. It is shown how to make a high power intrinsically safe power supply using the calculated values in the mathematical model, and take values from intrinsically safe requirements parameters scope, then this theoretical calculation value can be developed as the ultimate basis for research of the power supply. It gets the identification method of intrinsically safe from mathematics model of intrinsically safe power supply characteristics study, which solves the problem of theory and application of designing different power intrinsically safe power supply, and designs a kind of high power intrinsically safe power supply through this method. energy, flyback展开更多
The prediction of intrinsically disordered proteins is a hot research area in bio-information.Due to the high cost of experimental methods to evaluate disordered regions of protein sequences,it is becoming increasingl...The prediction of intrinsically disordered proteins is a hot research area in bio-information.Due to the high cost of experimental methods to evaluate disordered regions of protein sequences,it is becoming increasingly important to predict those regions through computational methods.In this paper,we developed a novel scheme by employing sequence complexity to calculate six features for each residue of a protein sequence,which includes the Shannon entropy,the topological entropy,the sample entropy and three amino acid preferences including Remark 465,Deleage/Roux,and Bfactor(2STD).Particularly,we introduced the sample entropy for calculating time series complexity by mapping the amino acid sequence to a time series of 0-9.To our knowledge,the sample entropy has not been previously used for predicting IDPs and hence is being used for the first time in our study.In addition,the scheme used a properly sized sliding window in every protein sequence which greatly improved the prediction performance.Finally,we used seven machine learning algorithms and tested with 10-fold cross-validation to get the results on the dataset R80 collected by Yang et al.and of the dataset DIS1556 from the Database of Protein Disorder(DisProt)(https://www.disprot.org)containing experimentally determined intrinsically disordered proteins(IDPs).The results showed that k-Nearest Neighbor was more appropriate and an overall prediction accuracy of 92%.Furthermore,our method just used six features and hence required lower computational complexity.展开更多
Accurately,reliably and rapidly identifying intrinsically disordered(IDPs)proteins is essential as they often play important roles in various human diseases;moreover,they are related to numerous important biological a...Accurately,reliably and rapidly identifying intrinsically disordered(IDPs)proteins is essential as they often play important roles in various human diseases;moreover,they are related to numerous important biological activities.However,current computational methods have yet to develop a network that is sufficiently deep tomake predictions about IDPs and demonstrate an improvement in performance.During this study,we constructed a deep neural network that consisted of five identical variant models,ResNet18,combined with an MLP network,for classification.Resnet18 was applied for the first time as a deep model for predicting IDPs,which allowed the extraction of information fromIDP residues in greater detail and depth,and this information was then passed through the MLP network for the final identification process.Two well-known datasets,MXD494 and R80,were used as the blind independent datasets to compare their performance with that of our method.The simulation results showed that Matthew’s correlation coefficient obtained using our deep network model was 0.517 on the blind R80 dataset and 0.450 on the MXD494 dataset;thus,our method outperformed existing methods.展开更多
DNA replication is a crucial process for species survival, nevertheless it is not clear which factors define origin selection in multicellular eukaryotes. Developmental gene amplification systems, such as the one desc...DNA replication is a crucial process for species survival, nevertheless it is not clear which factors define origin selection in multicellular eukaryotes. Developmental gene amplification systems, such as the one described during ovarian follicles development in Drosophila melanogaster, are useful tools for studying of DNA replication process in these organisms. We previously described that the well characterized third chromosome amplified domain of D. melanogater displays three intrinsically bent DNA sites: b1, localized at an amplification control element (ACE3), b2 and b3, both localized at the preferential origin ori-β. This proposal aimed to construct a Drosophila transformation vector, which contains a short deletion at the ACE3, in order to reduce the intrinsically bent DNA site b1, and analyze the functional role of this site in the gene amplification process. Through a series of cloning steps, we obtained a Big Parent vector derivative, containing a deletion at the positions 176-180 bp, inside the ACE3. The generation of a Drosophila transformation vector displays a reduced intrinsically bent DNA site in the third chromosome amplified domain, it will allow the analysis of the functional role of this curvature in developmental gene amplification, providing new insights on replication initiation in D. melanogaster and the function of intrinsically bent DNA sites.展开更多
We apply a Monte Carlo simulation method to lattice systems to study the effect of an intrinsic curvature on the mechanical property of a semiflexible biopolymer.We find that when the intrinsic curvature is sufficient...We apply a Monte Carlo simulation method to lattice systems to study the effect of an intrinsic curvature on the mechanical property of a semiflexible biopolymer.We find that when the intrinsic curvature is sufficiently large,the extension of a semiflexible biopolymer can undergo a first-order transition at finite temperature.The critical force increases with increasing intrinsic curvature.However,the relationship between the critical force and the bending rigidity is structuredependent.In a triangle lattice system,when the intrinsic curvature is smaller than a critical value,the critical force increases with the increasing bending rigidity first,and then decreases with the increasing bending rigidity.In a square lattice system,however,the critical force always decreases with the increasing bending rigidity.In contrast,when the intrinsic curvature is greater than the critical value,the larger bending rigidity always results in a larger critical force in both lattice systems.展开更多
We study the behaviors of mean end-to-end distance and specific heat of a two-dimensional intrinsically curved semiflexible biopolymer with a hard-core excluded volume interaction. We find the mean square end-to-end d...We study the behaviors of mean end-to-end distance and specific heat of a two-dimensional intrinsically curved semiflexible biopolymer with a hard-core excluded volume interaction. We find the mean square end-to-end distance R2 N∝ Nβ at large N, with N being the number of monomers. Bothβ and proportional constant are dependent on the reduced bending rigidity κ and intrinsic curvature c. The larger the c, the smaller the proportional constant, and 1.5 ≥β ≥ 1. Up to a moderate κ = κc, or down to a moderate temperature T = Tc, β = 1.5, the same as that of a self-avoiding random walk, and the larger the intrinsic curvature, the smaller the κc. However, at a large κ or a low temperature,β is close to 1, and the conformation of the biopolymer can be more compact than that of a random walk. There is an intermediate regime with 1.5 〉β 〉 1 and the transition fromβ = 1.5 toβ= 1 is smooth. The specific heat of the system increases smoothly with increasing κ or there is no peak in the specific heat. Therefore, a nonvanishing intrinsic curvature seriously affects the thermal properties of a semiflexible biopolymer, but there is no phase transition in the system.展开更多
Decreasing of layer thickness causes the decrease of polarization until it disappears due to the existence of depolarization field.Therefore,the search for strong piezoelectric materials is highly desirable for multif...Decreasing of layer thickness causes the decrease of polarization until it disappears due to the existence of depolarization field.Therefore,the search for strong piezoelectric materials is highly desirable for multifunctional ultra-thin piezoelectric devices.Herein,we propose a common strategy for achieving strong piezoelectric materials through the electronic asymmetry induced by the intrinsically asymmetric atomic character of different chalcogen atoms.Accordingly,in the tetrahedral lattice structures,for example,M4X3Y3(M=Pd/Ni,X/Y=S,Se or Te,X≠Y)monolayers are proved to display excellent out-of-plane piezoelectricity.Ni4Se3Te3 possesses the largest piezoelectric coefficient d33 of 61.57 pm/V,which is much larger than that of most 2D materials.Enhancing the electronic asymmetry further increases the out-of-plane piezoelectricity of Janus M4X3Y3 materials.Correspondingly,the out-of-plane piezoelectricity is positively correlated with the ratio of electronegativity difference(Red)and the electric dipole moment(P).This work provides alternative materials for energy harvesting nano-devices or self-energized wearable devices,and supplies a valuable guideline for predicting 2D materials with strong out-of-plane piezoelectricity.展开更多
The phytohormone auxin plays crucial roles in nearly every aspect of plant growth and development.Auxin signaling is activated through the phytohormone-induced proteasomal degradation of the Auxin/INDOLE-3-ACETIC ACID...The phytohormone auxin plays crucial roles in nearly every aspect of plant growth and development.Auxin signaling is activated through the phytohormone-induced proteasomal degradation of the Auxin/INDOLE-3-ACETIC ACID(Aux/IAA)family of transcriptional repressors.Notably,many auxin-modulated physiological processes are also regulated by nitric oxide(NO)that executes its biological effects predominantly through protein S-nitrosylation at specific cysteine residues.However,little is known about the molecular mechanisms in regulating the interactive NO and auxin networks.Here,we show that NO represses auxin signaling by inhibiting IAA17 protein degradation.NO induces the S-nitrosylation of Cys-70 located in the intrinsically disordered region of IAA17,which inhibits the TIR1-IAA17 interaction and consequently the proteasomal degradation of IAA17.The accumulation of a higher level of IAA17 attenuates auxin response.Moreover,an IAA17^(C70W)nitrosomimetic mutation renders the accumulation of a higher level of the mutated protein,thereby causing partial resistance to auxin and defective lateral root development.Taken together,these results suggest that S-nitrosylation of IAA17 at Cys-70 inhibits its interaction with TIR1,thereby negatively regulating auxin signaling.This study provides unique molecular insights into the redox-based auxin signaling in regulating plant growth and development.展开更多
Ecoflex is widely used in bioelectronics due to its outstanding properties of low modulus and large stretchability.For its use as an encapsulation layer in multi-channel wearable devices,a patterning procedure is esse...Ecoflex is widely used in bioelectronics due to its outstanding properties of low modulus and large stretchability.For its use as an encapsulation layer in multi-channel wearable devices,a patterning procedure is essential.However,conventional patterning strategies for Ecoflex,such as soft lithography,punching,and laser ablation,lack sufficient quality and process compatibility.To address this,we propose a process-compatible method of patterning Ecoflex by developing Photo-patternable Ecoflex(PPE).The PPE layer,used as an encapsulation layer,effectively dissipates strain energy at homogeneous interfaces,resulting in a 50%increase in electrical conductance under 250%strain.Using PPE,we fabricated intrinsically stretchable multi-sensors that monitor bio-signals like glucose,lactate,pH,and humidity in sweat.These sensors maintain durable sensitivity under strain up to 50%and for 1000 cycles at 20%strain.Finally,we mounted these stretchable multi-chemical sensors on an arm to monitor glucose and lactate levels in sweat.展开更多
Prostate-associated gene 4 （PAGE4） is a remarkably prostate-specific Cancer/Testis Antigen that is highly upregulated in the human fetal prostate and its diseased states but not in the adult normal gland. PAGE4 is a...Prostate-associated gene 4 （PAGE4） is a remarkably prostate-specific Cancer/Testis Antigen that is highly upregulated in the human fetal prostate and its diseased states but not in the adult normal gland. PAGE4 is an intrinsically disordered protein （IDP） that functions as a stress-response protein to suppress reactive oxygen species as well as prevent DNA damage. In addition, PAGE4 is also a transcriptional regulator that potentiates transactivation by the oncogene c-Jun, c-Jun forms the AP-1 complex by heterodimerizing with members of the Fos family and plays an important role in the development and pathology of the prostate gland, underscoring the importance of the PAGE4/c-Jun interaction. HIPK1, also a component of the stress-response pathway, phosphorylates PAGE4 at T51 which is critical for its transcriptional activity. Phosphorylation induces conformational and dynamic switching in the PAGE4 ensemble leading to a new cellular function. Finally, bioinformatics evidence suggests that the PAGE4 mRNA could be alternatively spliced resulting in four potential isoforms of the polypeptide alluding to the possibility of a range of conformational ensembles with latent functions. Considered together, the data suggest that PAGE4 may represent the first molecular link between stress and prostate cancer （PCa）. Thus, pharmacologically targeting PAGE4 may be a novel opportunity for treating and managing patients with PCa, especially patients with low-risk disease.展开更多
Aqueous zinc anodes have attracted the attention of many researchers owing to their high safety,low cost,and high theoretical specific capacity.However,its practical application is severely limited by the dendrite gro...Aqueous zinc anodes have attracted the attention of many researchers owing to their high safety,low cost,and high theoretical specific capacity.However,its practical application is severely limited by the dendrite growth on zinc anode.Herein,we develop an intrinsically zincophobic barium-titanate protective layer with a porous structure to suppress the zinc dendrite formation by homogenizing the ion distribution on the anode surface,increasing the nucleation sites,and limiting the irregular zinc growth.Based on these synergistic effects,the coated zinc anode can exhibit long cycle life(840 h at 0.5 mA/cm^(2) for 0.5 mAh/cm^(2))and low voltage hysteresis(36 mV).This work can provide a feasible direction for the design of intrinsically zincophobic coating materials to uniformize the zinc stripping and plating.展开更多
An all-optical wavelength reuse technique employing cost effective power efficient vertical surface emitting laser(VCSEL) is proposed to address uplink data streaming from end-users by exploiting the same wavelength a...An all-optical wavelength reuse technique employing cost effective power efficient vertical surface emitting laser(VCSEL) is proposed to address uplink data streaming from end-users by exploiting the same wavelength assigned to them. A saturated optical erbium-doped optical fiber amplifier(EDFA) is adopted to erase a directly modulated 10 Gbit/s data from an incoming downstream wavelength. We show that with EDFA saturation, the extinction ration of the incoming wavelength is reduced to less than 1 d Bm, therefore allowing for wavelength re-modulation. A receiver sensitivity of -19.65 d Bm and -17.86 d Bm is attained for downstream and upstream data signals respectively. A total of 24.7 km single mode fibre transmission is attained experimentally. This technique opens new perspectives towards development of efficient spectrum utilization for application in wavelength flexible optical networks with non-static flex-spectrum grids.展开更多
The pursuit of high-performance is worth considerable effort in catalysis for energy efficiency and environmental sustainability. To develop redox catalysts with superior performance for soot combustion, a series of M...The pursuit of high-performance is worth considerable effort in catalysis for energy efficiency and environmental sustainability. To develop redox catalysts with superior performance for soot combustion, a series of Mn_(x)Co_(y) oxides were synthesized using MgO template substitution.This method greatly improves the preparation and catalytic efficiency and is more in line with the current theme of green catalysts and sustainable development. The resulting Mn_(1)Co_(2.3) has a strong activation capability of gaseous oxygen due to a high concentration of Co^(3+) and Mn^(3+). The Mn doping enhanced the intrinsic activity by prompting oxygen vacancy formation and gaseous oxygen adsorption. The nanosheet morphology with abundant mesoporous significantly increased the solid–solid contact efficiency and improved the adsorption capability of gaseous reactants. The novel design of Mn_(1)Co_(2.3)oxide enhanced its catalytic performance through a synergistic effect of Mn doping and the porous nanosheet morphology, showing significant potential for the preparation of high-performance soot combustion catalysts.展开更多
The prion protein(PrP) is the key molecular and pathological mediator of prion diseases,a heterogeneous group of brain disorders with fatal outcomes.Prion diseases are rare but deserve special attention because of the...The prion protein(PrP) is the key molecular and pathological mediator of prion diseases,a heterogeneous group of brain disorders with fatal outcomes.Prion diseases are rare but deserve special attention because of their unique familial,sporadic,and transmissible etiologies,all caused by a single agent:misfolded conformations of PrP.展开更多
Recently, giant intrinsic anomalous Hall effect(AHE) has been observed in the materials with kagome lattice.Here, we systematically investigate the influence of high pressure on the AHE in the ferromagnet LiMn_(6)Sn_(...Recently, giant intrinsic anomalous Hall effect(AHE) has been observed in the materials with kagome lattice.Here, we systematically investigate the influence of high pressure on the AHE in the ferromagnet LiMn_(6)Sn_(6) with clean Mn kagome lattice. Our in situ high-pressure Raman spectroscopy indicates that the crystal structure of LiMn_(6)Sn_(6) maintains a hexagonal phase under high pressures up to 8.51 GPa. The anomalous Hall conductivity(AHC) σ_(xy)^(A) remains around 150 Ω^(-1)·cm^(-1), dominated by the intrinsic mechanism. Combined with theoretical calculations, our results indicate that the stable AHE under pressure in Li Mn_(6)Sn_(6) originates from the robust electronic and magnetic structure.展开更多
A three-dimensional numerical scheme was developed to investigate the vortex-induced vibration(VIV)of a catenary-type riser(CTR)in the in-line(IL)and cross-flow(CF)directions.By using the vector form intrinsic finite ...A three-dimensional numerical scheme was developed to investigate the vortex-induced vibration(VIV)of a catenary-type riser(CTR)in the in-line(IL)and cross-flow(CF)directions.By using the vector form intrinsic finite element method,the CTR was discretized into a finite number of spatial particles whose motions satisfy Newton’s second law.The Van der Pol oscillator was used to simulate the effect of vortex shedding.The coupling equations of structural vibration and wake oscillator were solved using an explicit central differential algorithm.The numerical model was verified with the published results.The VIV characteristics of the CTR subjected to uniform flows,including displacement,frequency,standing wave,traveling wave,motion trajectory,and energy transfer,were studied comprehensively.The numerical results revealed that the multimode property occurs in the CF-and IL-direction VIV responses of the CTR.An increase in the flow velocity has slight effects on the maximum VIV displacement.Due to structural nonlin-earity,the double-frequency relationship in the CF and IL directions is rarely captured.Therefore,the vibration trajectories display the shape of an inclined elliptical orbit.Moreover,the negative energy region is inconspicuous under the excitation of the uniform flow.展开更多
Rechargeable Mg batteries(RMBs)have become one of the best subsitutes for lithium-ion batteries due to the high volumetric capacity,abundant resources,and uniform plating behavior of Mg metal anode.However,the safety ...Rechargeable Mg batteries(RMBs)have become one of the best subsitutes for lithium-ion batteries due to the high volumetric capacity,abundant resources,and uniform plating behavior of Mg metal anode.However,the safety hazard induced by the formation of high-modulue Mg dendrites under a high current density(10 mA cm^(-1))was still revealed in recent years.It has forced researchers to re-examine the safety of RMBs.In this review,the intrinsic safety factors of key components in RMBs,such as uneven plating,pitting and flammability of Mg anode,heat release and crystalline water decomposition of cathode,strong corrosion,low oxidition stability and flammability of electrolytes,and soforth,are systematacially summarized.Their origins,formation mechanisms,and possible safety hazards are deeply discussed.To develop high-performance Mg anode,current strategies including designing artificial SEI,three-dimensional substrates,and Mg alloys are summarized.For practical electrolytes,the configurations of boron-centered anions and simple Mg salts and the functionalized solvent with high boiling point and low flammability are suggested to comprehensively design.In addition,the future study should more focus on the investigation on the thermal runaway and decomposition of cathode materials and separa-tors.This review aims to provide fundamental insights into the relationship between electrochemistry and safety,further promoting the sustainable development of RMBs.展开更多
文摘We show that an intrinsically nonlinear oscillator can always be transformed into a linear or harmonic oscillator by addition of a constant force, which shifts the equilibrium position of the oscillator.
基金supported by Institute for Basic Science(IBS-R006-A1)supported by Basic Science Research Program through the National Research Foundation of Korea funded by the Ministry of Education(2021R1I1A1A01060389).
文摘In recent years,significant progress has been achieved in the design and fabrication of stretchable optoelectronic devices.In general,stretchability has been achieved through geometrical modifications of device components,such as with serpentine interconnects or buckled substrates.However,the local stiffness of individual pixels and the limited pixel density of the array have impeded further advancements in stretchable optoelectronics.Therefore,intrinsically stretch-able optoelectronics have been proposed as an alternative approach.Herein,we review the recent advances in soft elec-tronic materials for application in intrinsically stretchable optoelectronic devices.First,we introduce various intrinsically stretchable electronic materials,comprised of electronic fillers,elastomers,and surfactants,and exemplify different in-trinsically stretchable conducting and semiconducting composites.We also describe the processing methods used to fabricate the electrodes,interconnections,charge transport layers,and optically active layers used in intrinsically stretch-able optoelectronic devices.Subsequently,we review representative examples of intrinsically stretchable optoelectronic devices,including light-emitting capacitors,light-emitting diodes,photodetectors,and photovoltaics.Finally,we briefly discuss intrinsically stretchable integrated optoelectronic systems.
文摘Aiming to make a high power direct current supply safely used in coal mine production, this paper made a deep research on characteristics of intrinsically safe power supply, using the mathematical model established according to coal mine intrinsic safety standards. It provides theory support for the application of high power intrinsically safe power supply. The released energy of output short circuit of switch power supply, and the close related factors that influence the biggest output short-circuit spark discharge energy are the theoretical basis of the power supply. It is shown how to make a high power intrinsically safe power supply using the calculated values in the mathematical model, and take values from intrinsically safe requirements parameters scope, then this theoretical calculation value can be developed as the ultimate basis for research of the power supply. It gets the identification method of intrinsically safe from mathematics model of intrinsically safe power supply characteristics study, which solves the problem of theory and application of designing different power intrinsically safe power supply, and designs a kind of high power intrinsically safe power supply through this method. energy, flyback
文摘The prediction of intrinsically disordered proteins is a hot research area in bio-information.Due to the high cost of experimental methods to evaluate disordered regions of protein sequences,it is becoming increasingly important to predict those regions through computational methods.In this paper,we developed a novel scheme by employing sequence complexity to calculate six features for each residue of a protein sequence,which includes the Shannon entropy,the topological entropy,the sample entropy and three amino acid preferences including Remark 465,Deleage/Roux,and Bfactor(2STD).Particularly,we introduced the sample entropy for calculating time series complexity by mapping the amino acid sequence to a time series of 0-9.To our knowledge,the sample entropy has not been previously used for predicting IDPs and hence is being used for the first time in our study.In addition,the scheme used a properly sized sliding window in every protein sequence which greatly improved the prediction performance.Finally,we used seven machine learning algorithms and tested with 10-fold cross-validation to get the results on the dataset R80 collected by Yang et al.and of the dataset DIS1556 from the Database of Protein Disorder(DisProt)(https://www.disprot.org)containing experimentally determined intrinsically disordered proteins(IDPs).The results showed that k-Nearest Neighbor was more appropriate and an overall prediction accuracy of 92%.Furthermore,our method just used six features and hence required lower computational complexity.
文摘Accurately,reliably and rapidly identifying intrinsically disordered(IDPs)proteins is essential as they often play important roles in various human diseases;moreover,they are related to numerous important biological activities.However,current computational methods have yet to develop a network that is sufficiently deep tomake predictions about IDPs and demonstrate an improvement in performance.During this study,we constructed a deep neural network that consisted of five identical variant models,ResNet18,combined with an MLP network,for classification.Resnet18 was applied for the first time as a deep model for predicting IDPs,which allowed the extraction of information fromIDP residues in greater detail and depth,and this information was then passed through the MLP network for the final identification process.Two well-known datasets,MXD494 and R80,were used as the blind independent datasets to compare their performance with that of our method.The simulation results showed that Matthew’s correlation coefficient obtained using our deep network model was 0.517 on the blind R80 dataset and 0.450 on the MXD494 dataset;thus,our method outperformed existing methods.
文摘DNA replication is a crucial process for species survival, nevertheless it is not clear which factors define origin selection in multicellular eukaryotes. Developmental gene amplification systems, such as the one described during ovarian follicles development in Drosophila melanogaster, are useful tools for studying of DNA replication process in these organisms. We previously described that the well characterized third chromosome amplified domain of D. melanogater displays three intrinsically bent DNA sites: b1, localized at an amplification control element (ACE3), b2 and b3, both localized at the preferential origin ori-β. This proposal aimed to construct a Drosophila transformation vector, which contains a short deletion at the ACE3, in order to reduce the intrinsically bent DNA site b1, and analyze the functional role of this site in the gene amplification process. Through a series of cloning steps, we obtained a Big Parent vector derivative, containing a deletion at the positions 176-180 bp, inside the ACE3. The generation of a Drosophila transformation vector displays a reduced intrinsically bent DNA site in the third chromosome amplified domain, it will allow the analysis of the functional role of this curvature in developmental gene amplification, providing new insights on replication initiation in D. melanogaster and the function of intrinsically bent DNA sites.
基金supported by the Funds from MOST"National" Center for Theoretical Physics(NCTS)
文摘We apply a Monte Carlo simulation method to lattice systems to study the effect of an intrinsic curvature on the mechanical property of a semiflexible biopolymer.We find that when the intrinsic curvature is sufficiently large,the extension of a semiflexible biopolymer can undergo a first-order transition at finite temperature.The critical force increases with increasing intrinsic curvature.However,the relationship between the critical force and the bending rigidity is structuredependent.In a triangle lattice system,when the intrinsic curvature is smaller than a critical value,the critical force increases with the increasing bending rigidity first,and then decreases with the increasing bending rigidity.In a square lattice system,however,the critical force always decreases with the increasing bending rigidity.In contrast,when the intrinsic curvature is greater than the critical value,the larger bending rigidity always results in a larger critical force in both lattice systems.
基金Project supported by the Minister of Science and Technology of China
文摘We study the behaviors of mean end-to-end distance and specific heat of a two-dimensional intrinsically curved semiflexible biopolymer with a hard-core excluded volume interaction. We find the mean square end-to-end distance R2 N∝ Nβ at large N, with N being the number of monomers. Bothβ and proportional constant are dependent on the reduced bending rigidity κ and intrinsic curvature c. The larger the c, the smaller the proportional constant, and 1.5 ≥β ≥ 1. Up to a moderate κ = κc, or down to a moderate temperature T = Tc, β = 1.5, the same as that of a self-avoiding random walk, and the larger the intrinsic curvature, the smaller the κc. However, at a large κ or a low temperature,β is close to 1, and the conformation of the biopolymer can be more compact than that of a random walk. There is an intermediate regime with 1.5 〉β 〉 1 and the transition fromβ = 1.5 toβ= 1 is smooth. The specific heat of the system increases smoothly with increasing κ or there is no peak in the specific heat. Therefore, a nonvanishing intrinsic curvature seriously affects the thermal properties of a semiflexible biopolymer, but there is no phase transition in the system.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.11474123).
文摘Decreasing of layer thickness causes the decrease of polarization until it disappears due to the existence of depolarization field.Therefore,the search for strong piezoelectric materials is highly desirable for multifunctional ultra-thin piezoelectric devices.Herein,we propose a common strategy for achieving strong piezoelectric materials through the electronic asymmetry induced by the intrinsically asymmetric atomic character of different chalcogen atoms.Accordingly,in the tetrahedral lattice structures,for example,M4X3Y3(M=Pd/Ni,X/Y=S,Se or Te,X≠Y)monolayers are proved to display excellent out-of-plane piezoelectricity.Ni4Se3Te3 possesses the largest piezoelectric coefficient d33 of 61.57 pm/V,which is much larger than that of most 2D materials.Enhancing the electronic asymmetry further increases the out-of-plane piezoelectricity of Janus M4X3Y3 materials.Correspondingly,the out-of-plane piezoelectricity is positively correlated with the ratio of electronegativity difference(Red)and the electric dipole moment(P).This work provides alternative materials for energy harvesting nano-devices or self-energized wearable devices,and supplies a valuable guideline for predicting 2D materials with strong out-of-plane piezoelectricity.
基金supported by grants from the National Natural Science Foundation of China (31830017)Chinese Academy of Sciences (XDB27030207)+1 种基金the Hainan Excellent Talent TeamState Key Laboratory of Plant Genomics (SKLPG2023-22)
文摘The phytohormone auxin plays crucial roles in nearly every aspect of plant growth and development.Auxin signaling is activated through the phytohormone-induced proteasomal degradation of the Auxin/INDOLE-3-ACETIC ACID(Aux/IAA)family of transcriptional repressors.Notably,many auxin-modulated physiological processes are also regulated by nitric oxide(NO)that executes its biological effects predominantly through protein S-nitrosylation at specific cysteine residues.However,little is known about the molecular mechanisms in regulating the interactive NO and auxin networks.Here,we show that NO represses auxin signaling by inhibiting IAA17 protein degradation.NO induces the S-nitrosylation of Cys-70 located in the intrinsically disordered region of IAA17,which inhibits the TIR1-IAA17 interaction and consequently the proteasomal degradation of IAA17.The accumulation of a higher level of IAA17 attenuates auxin response.Moreover,an IAA17^(C70W)nitrosomimetic mutation renders the accumulation of a higher level of the mutated protein,thereby causing partial resistance to auxin and defective lateral root development.Taken together,these results suggest that S-nitrosylation of IAA17 at Cys-70 inhibits its interaction with TIR1,thereby negatively regulating auxin signaling.This study provides unique molecular insights into the redox-based auxin signaling in regulating plant growth and development.
基金supported by the Wearable Platform Materials Technology Center(WMC)funded by the National Research Foundation of Korea(NRF)grant by the Korea Government(MSIT)(NRF-2022R1A5A6000846,NRF-2021M3D1A2049869,NRF-2020M3H4A3106405)supported by Nano Material Technology Development Program(2021M3H4A1A04092879)through the National Research Foundation of Korea funded by the Ministry of Science and ICT.
文摘Ecoflex is widely used in bioelectronics due to its outstanding properties of low modulus and large stretchability.For its use as an encapsulation layer in multi-channel wearable devices,a patterning procedure is essential.However,conventional patterning strategies for Ecoflex,such as soft lithography,punching,and laser ablation,lack sufficient quality and process compatibility.To address this,we propose a process-compatible method of patterning Ecoflex by developing Photo-patternable Ecoflex(PPE).The PPE layer,used as an encapsulation layer,effectively dissipates strain energy at homogeneous interfaces,resulting in a 50%increase in electrical conductance under 250%strain.Using PPE,we fabricated intrinsically stretchable multi-sensors that monitor bio-signals like glucose,lactate,pH,and humidity in sweat.These sensors maintain durable sensitivity under strain up to 50%and for 1000 cycles at 20%strain.Finally,we mounted these stretchable multi-chemical sensors on an arm to monitor glucose and lactate levels in sweat.
文摘Prostate-associated gene 4 （PAGE4） is a remarkably prostate-specific Cancer/Testis Antigen that is highly upregulated in the human fetal prostate and its diseased states but not in the adult normal gland. PAGE4 is an intrinsically disordered protein （IDP） that functions as a stress-response protein to suppress reactive oxygen species as well as prevent DNA damage. In addition, PAGE4 is also a transcriptional regulator that potentiates transactivation by the oncogene c-Jun, c-Jun forms the AP-1 complex by heterodimerizing with members of the Fos family and plays an important role in the development and pathology of the prostate gland, underscoring the importance of the PAGE4/c-Jun interaction. HIPK1, also a component of the stress-response pathway, phosphorylates PAGE4 at T51 which is critical for its transcriptional activity. Phosphorylation induces conformational and dynamic switching in the PAGE4 ensemble leading to a new cellular function. Finally, bioinformatics evidence suggests that the PAGE4 mRNA could be alternatively spliced resulting in four potential isoforms of the polypeptide alluding to the possibility of a range of conformational ensembles with latent functions. Considered together, the data suggest that PAGE4 may represent the first molecular link between stress and prostate cancer （PCa）. Thus, pharmacologically targeting PAGE4 may be a novel opportunity for treating and managing patients with PCa, especially patients with low-risk disease.
基金supported by National Nature Science Foundation of China(Nos.U19A2019,U22109181)Hunan Provincial Science and Technology Plan Project of China(Nos.2017TP1001 and 2020JJ2042)the Open Research Fund of School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering,Henan Normal University。
文摘Aqueous zinc anodes have attracted the attention of many researchers owing to their high safety,low cost,and high theoretical specific capacity.However,its practical application is severely limited by the dendrite growth on zinc anode.Herein,we develop an intrinsically zincophobic barium-titanate protective layer with a porous structure to suppress the zinc dendrite formation by homogenizing the ion distribution on the anode surface,increasing the nucleation sites,and limiting the irregular zinc growth.Based on these synergistic effects,the coated zinc anode can exhibit long cycle life(840 h at 0.5 mA/cm^(2) for 0.5 mAh/cm^(2))and low voltage hysteresis(36 mV).This work can provide a feasible direction for the design of intrinsically zincophobic coating materials to uniformize the zinc stripping and plating.
文摘An all-optical wavelength reuse technique employing cost effective power efficient vertical surface emitting laser(VCSEL) is proposed to address uplink data streaming from end-users by exploiting the same wavelength assigned to them. A saturated optical erbium-doped optical fiber amplifier(EDFA) is adopted to erase a directly modulated 10 Gbit/s data from an incoming downstream wavelength. We show that with EDFA saturation, the extinction ration of the incoming wavelength is reduced to less than 1 d Bm, therefore allowing for wavelength re-modulation. A receiver sensitivity of -19.65 d Bm and -17.86 d Bm is attained for downstream and upstream data signals respectively. A total of 24.7 km single mode fibre transmission is attained experimentally. This technique opens new perspectives towards development of efficient spectrum utilization for application in wavelength flexible optical networks with non-static flex-spectrum grids.
基金supported by the top talent program of Henan Agricultural University[grant numbers 30501029].
文摘The pursuit of high-performance is worth considerable effort in catalysis for energy efficiency and environmental sustainability. To develop redox catalysts with superior performance for soot combustion, a series of Mn_(x)Co_(y) oxides were synthesized using MgO template substitution.This method greatly improves the preparation and catalytic efficiency and is more in line with the current theme of green catalysts and sustainable development. The resulting Mn_(1)Co_(2.3) has a strong activation capability of gaseous oxygen due to a high concentration of Co^(3+) and Mn^(3+). The Mn doping enhanced the intrinsic activity by prompting oxygen vacancy formation and gaseous oxygen adsorption. The nanosheet morphology with abundant mesoporous significantly increased the solid–solid contact efficiency and improved the adsorption capability of gaseous reactants. The novel design of Mn_(1)Co_(2.3)oxide enhanced its catalytic performance through a synergistic effect of Mn doping and the porous nanosheet morphology, showing significant potential for the preparation of high-performance soot combustion catalysts.
基金supported by the NIH grant7R21 NS09662 7-02 to PFFthe Winston and Maxine Wallin Neuroscience Discovery Fund award CON000000083928 to PFF and AC。
文摘The prion protein(PrP) is the key molecular and pathological mediator of prion diseases,a heterogeneous group of brain disorders with fatal outcomes.Prion diseases are rare but deserve special attention because of their unique familial,sporadic,and transmissible etiologies,all caused by a single agent:misfolded conformations of PrP.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 52272265)the National Key R&D Program of China (Grant Nos. 2023YFA1607400 and 2018YFA0704300)+4 种基金the support from the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos. 52271016 and 52188101)the support from Analytical Instrumentation Center (# SPST-AIC10112914), SPST, Shanghai Tech Universitythe European Research Council (ERC Advanced Grant No. 742068 ‘TOPMAT’)the DFG through SFB 1143 (Project ID 247310070)the Würzburg-Dresden Cluster of Excellence on Complexity and Topology in Quantum Matter ct.qmat (EXC2147,Project ID 390858490)。
文摘Recently, giant intrinsic anomalous Hall effect(AHE) has been observed in the materials with kagome lattice.Here, we systematically investigate the influence of high pressure on the AHE in the ferromagnet LiMn_(6)Sn_(6) with clean Mn kagome lattice. Our in situ high-pressure Raman spectroscopy indicates that the crystal structure of LiMn_(6)Sn_(6) maintains a hexagonal phase under high pressures up to 8.51 GPa. The anomalous Hall conductivity(AHC) σ_(xy)^(A) remains around 150 Ω^(-1)·cm^(-1), dominated by the intrinsic mechanism. Combined with theoretical calculations, our results indicate that the stable AHE under pressure in Li Mn_(6)Sn_(6) originates from the robust electronic and magnetic structure.
基金supported by the National Key R&D Program of China(No.2022YFB2602800)the National Science Foundation of China(No.51979257)+3 种基金the Basic Funding of the Central Public Research Institutes(Nos.TKS20210101,TKS20220103,TKS20230102)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(No.202413018)the postdoctoral project of Shandong(No.SDCX-ZG-202400218)the postdoctoral project of Qingdao(No.QDBSH20240101013).
文摘A three-dimensional numerical scheme was developed to investigate the vortex-induced vibration(VIV)of a catenary-type riser(CTR)in the in-line(IL)and cross-flow(CF)directions.By using the vector form intrinsic finite element method,the CTR was discretized into a finite number of spatial particles whose motions satisfy Newton’s second law.The Van der Pol oscillator was used to simulate the effect of vortex shedding.The coupling equations of structural vibration and wake oscillator were solved using an explicit central differential algorithm.The numerical model was verified with the published results.The VIV characteristics of the CTR subjected to uniform flows,including displacement,frequency,standing wave,traveling wave,motion trajectory,and energy transfer,were studied comprehensively.The numerical results revealed that the multimode property occurs in the CF-and IL-direction VIV responses of the CTR.An increase in the flow velocity has slight effects on the maximum VIV displacement.Due to structural nonlin-earity,the double-frequency relationship in the CF and IL directions is rarely captured.Therefore,the vibration trajectories display the shape of an inclined elliptical orbit.Moreover,the negative energy region is inconspicuous under the excitation of the uniform flow.
基金supported by the National Key R&D Program of China(No.2023YFB3809500)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.U23A20555,52202211)+1 种基金the Ninth Young Elite Scientists Sponsorship Program by CAST(2023QNRC001)the Chongqing Technology Innovation and Application Development Project(No.CSTB2022TIAD-KPX0028).
文摘Rechargeable Mg batteries(RMBs)have become one of the best subsitutes for lithium-ion batteries due to the high volumetric capacity,abundant resources,and uniform plating behavior of Mg metal anode.However,the safety hazard induced by the formation of high-modulue Mg dendrites under a high current density(10 mA cm^(-1))was still revealed in recent years.It has forced researchers to re-examine the safety of RMBs.In this review,the intrinsic safety factors of key components in RMBs,such as uneven plating,pitting and flammability of Mg anode,heat release and crystalline water decomposition of cathode,strong corrosion,low oxidition stability and flammability of electrolytes,and soforth,are systematacially summarized.Their origins,formation mechanisms,and possible safety hazards are deeply discussed.To develop high-performance Mg anode,current strategies including designing artificial SEI,three-dimensional substrates,and Mg alloys are summarized.For practical electrolytes,the configurations of boron-centered anions and simple Mg salts and the functionalized solvent with high boiling point and low flammability are suggested to comprehensively design.In addition,the future study should more focus on the investigation on the thermal runaway and decomposition of cathode materials and separa-tors.This review aims to provide fundamental insights into the relationship between electrochemistry and safety,further promoting the sustainable development of RMBs.
