The article analyzes the Russo-Japanese peace treaty negotiations in 2013-2019.Despite the rapprochement in the trade,economic,political and humanitarian spheres,the territorial dispute remains an obstacle,significant...The article analyzes the Russo-Japanese peace treaty negotiations in 2013-2019.Despite the rapprochement in the trade,economic,political and humanitarian spheres,the territorial dispute remains an obstacle,significantly complicating bilateral ties.There remain disagreements on the sovereignty over the southern Kuril Islands,on acceptable conditions for resolving a territorial dispute,as well as on the significance of the territorial dispute for the development of bilateral relations.The plans for the implementation of joint economic activities on the southern Kuril Islands are also analyzed.It is concluded that Russia and Japan need to continue to build upon the result of rapprochement initiated by the leaders of the countries and continue negotiations on the peace treaty that will upgrade their relations.展开更多
Japan's economic security strategy has a long history.However,Japan has significantly accelerated its economic security strategy in recent years,especially since the Kishida government came into power.At present,J...Japan's economic security strategy has a long history.However,Japan has significantly accelerated its economic security strategy in recent years,especially since the Kishida government came into power.At present,Japan is gradually forming a comprehensive economic security strategy that has clear strategic objectives,sound institutional settings,enhanced economic control,and closer external cooperation.The Japanese government is accelerating its economic and security strategy because of the changing international environment and Japan's own strategic considerations.Japan hopes to achievemany strategic goals such as improved economy and security through its economic and security strategy,but its strategic effect needs to be verified due to the constraints of many factors.展开更多
Since China’s Belt and Road Initiative was introduced,the rapid development of China–ASEAN economic cooperation has aroused suspicion from the United States and Japan,nations that have been cooperating with Southeas...Since China’s Belt and Road Initiative was introduced,the rapid development of China–ASEAN economic cooperation has aroused suspicion from the United States and Japan,nations that have been cooperating with Southeast Asia for a long time.Through comparative analysis,this paper draws a conclusion that the cooperation between China and ASEAN has rapidly grown in trade volume,tourism,infrastructure construction,and other fields,but its advantages in some fields are not yet apparent,and there is no evidence of crowding out the United States and Japan overall.The United States and Japan have been adjusting policies toward ASEAN in a targeted manner,while ASEAN countries do not completely depend on China,establishing a balance in foreign economic cooperation between great powers.Therefore,the economic cooperation between China,the United States,Japan,and ASEAN is experiencing a dynamic adjustment process in long-term competition that is unlikely to lead to exclusive monopoly circumstances.展开更多
This paper, for the goal of revealing the mechanism of compromise and change in coordination where players agree in general but disagree on coordination methods, clarifies not only the background behind Japan's decis...This paper, for the goal of revealing the mechanism of compromise and change in coordination where players agree in general but disagree on coordination methods, clarifies not only the background behind Japan's decision of terminating development aid loan to China, but also the reason why the Chinese government decided to accept it. When countries agree on the need to collaborate but are in conflict regarding the specific method, like the case of Japan-China conflict over development aid, one country must always compromise regarding the specific method of coordination. This situation is known as the Battle of the Sexes (BoS) in game theory. It has been believed that countries do not have the incentive to withdraw from the initial agreement under such a situation. This case study, however, reveals that it is not always true. From the analysis of this study, it will be concluded that the agreement reached in the initial negotiation would not be always stable even in a situation where countries agree in general but disagree on coordination methods. In this case, "institution" and "consensus" are pointed out as incentives to make countries accept a specific coordination method.展开更多
Based on the panel data of China’s foreign aid in 2003-2014 from AidData,this paper empirically investigates the relationship between China’s foreign aid and economic growth in recipient countries.Using the principa...Based on the panel data of China’s foreign aid in 2003-2014 from AidData,this paper empirically investigates the relationship between China’s foreign aid and economic growth in recipient countries.Using the principal component analysis(PCA),the authors propose a variable,i.e.the infrastructure index,to measure the effects of aid on the economic growth of recipient countries.This study shows that aid from China has significantly improved the level of economic growth in recipient countries,which provides a new evidence of China’s aid effectiveness.Through analysis of the ways by which aid in infrastructure induces economic growth,the authors conclude that the improvement of local infrastructure accounts for 55.30%of the aggregate economic growth effect of China’s aid to recipient countries.展开更多
Located in Central Asia connecting Eurasia,Uzbekistan not only occupies an important geographical position,but also has abundant energy resources,which makes it Japan’s important economic and diplomatic target countr...Located in Central Asia connecting Eurasia,Uzbekistan not only occupies an important geographical position,but also has abundant energy resources,which makes it Japan’s important economic and diplomatic target country in Central Asia.Since the unfolding of the new century,Japan’s economic diplomacy with Uzbekistan has gone through several stages of development,from initial contact to gradual maturity,and has been undergoing twists and turns.Since Shinzo Abe came to power for the second time in 2012,Japan’s economic diplomacy with Uzbekistan has deepened significantly,showing more distinct characteristics of changes,including the substantial increase of the amount of aid to the Uzbek government,attaching importance to bilateral economic and trade cooperation,and flexibly utilising the‘Central AsiatJapan’regional cooperation mechanism.The strategic considerations behind these changes and adjustments are to deeply participate in the regional cooperation in Central Asia by building a bilateral economic and trade relationship network,ensure the security of energy and resource supply in the post-pandemic era,realise the strategy of becoming a great power,and balance the forces of foreign powers.展开更多
The People’s Republic of China(PRC)has been an aid donor for over six decades,offering multiple forms of development aid to other developing countries.Meanwhile,China has been con-stantly readjusting its strategies o...The People’s Republic of China(PRC)has been an aid donor for over six decades,offering multiple forms of development aid to other developing countries.Meanwhile,China has been con-stantly readjusting its strategies of aid provision while introducing institutional reforms to improve the efficiency of aid as a form of economic statecraft.What significant policy and institutional changes has China conducted in its aid distribution?What are the key motivators that have propelled such reforms?And how do Western donors perceive the Chinese model of aid distribution?Using a two-level analytical framework,this article mainly explores the domestic and international factors driving the three rounds of Chinese aid reforms.The article finds that while the transform-ation of China’s strategic priority enabled by leadership percep-tion change is the key domestic incentive for aid reforms,international variables contribute to such processes either directly by exerting pressure and conveying knowledge or indirectly by changing China’s global status and leadership perception.展开更多
Foreign aid is an important aspect of China’s Belt and Road Initiative (BRI)for enhancing two-way cooperation with BRI countries. Based on the panel data of China’sforeign aid over the period 2000-2014, this paper e...Foreign aid is an important aspect of China’s Belt and Road Initiative (BRI)for enhancing two-way cooperation with BRI countries. Based on the panel data of China’sforeign aid over the period 2000-2014, this paper employs the Worldwide GovernanceIndicators (WGI) to conduct an empirical study on the economic growth effects of China’sforeign aid and recipient countries’ institutional quality with the endogeneity of aid takeninto account. Results of our empirical study suggest that (i) China’s foreign aid, especiallyinfrastructure aid, can effectively promote economic growth in recipient countries;(ii)sound institutional development offers an important assurance for economic growth inrecipient countries;(iii) sample-specific regression reveals that the institutional quality ofrecipient countries can significantly influence the economic growth effects of China’s foreignaid, especially economic infrastructure aid for recipient countries in Asia and Europe.To improve aid effectiveness and quality, China needs to improve aid structure, superviseaid program implementation, and mitigate the impact of institutional risks in recipientcountries.展开更多
文摘The article analyzes the Russo-Japanese peace treaty negotiations in 2013-2019.Despite the rapprochement in the trade,economic,political and humanitarian spheres,the territorial dispute remains an obstacle,significantly complicating bilateral ties.There remain disagreements on the sovereignty over the southern Kuril Islands,on acceptable conditions for resolving a territorial dispute,as well as on the significance of the territorial dispute for the development of bilateral relations.The plans for the implementation of joint economic activities on the southern Kuril Islands are also analyzed.It is concluded that Russia and Japan need to continue to build upon the result of rapprochement initiated by the leaders of the countries and continue negotiations on the peace treaty that will upgrade their relations.
基金a phased achievement of the “Important Countries and Regions” Major Research Project of the National Social Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 20VGQ004)
文摘Japan's economic security strategy has a long history.However,Japan has significantly accelerated its economic security strategy in recent years,especially since the Kishida government came into power.At present,Japan is gradually forming a comprehensive economic security strategy that has clear strategic objectives,sound institutional settings,enhanced economic control,and closer external cooperation.The Japanese government is accelerating its economic and security strategy because of the changing international environment and Japan's own strategic considerations.Japan hopes to achievemany strategic goals such as improved economy and security through its economic and security strategy,but its strategic effect needs to be verified due to the constraints of many factors.
基金a phased result of the general project of the National Social Science Foundation of China(Project No.18BGJ068)entitled“Security Environment Research for the Implementation of the Belt and Road Initiative in Southeast Asia.”。
文摘Since China’s Belt and Road Initiative was introduced,the rapid development of China–ASEAN economic cooperation has aroused suspicion from the United States and Japan,nations that have been cooperating with Southeast Asia for a long time.Through comparative analysis,this paper draws a conclusion that the cooperation between China and ASEAN has rapidly grown in trade volume,tourism,infrastructure construction,and other fields,but its advantages in some fields are not yet apparent,and there is no evidence of crowding out the United States and Japan overall.The United States and Japan have been adjusting policies toward ASEAN in a targeted manner,while ASEAN countries do not completely depend on China,establishing a balance in foreign economic cooperation between great powers.Therefore,the economic cooperation between China,the United States,Japan,and ASEAN is experiencing a dynamic adjustment process in long-term competition that is unlikely to lead to exclusive monopoly circumstances.
文摘This paper, for the goal of revealing the mechanism of compromise and change in coordination where players agree in general but disagree on coordination methods, clarifies not only the background behind Japan's decision of terminating development aid loan to China, but also the reason why the Chinese government decided to accept it. When countries agree on the need to collaborate but are in conflict regarding the specific method, like the case of Japan-China conflict over development aid, one country must always compromise regarding the specific method of coordination. This situation is known as the Battle of the Sexes (BoS) in game theory. It has been believed that countries do not have the incentive to withdraw from the initial agreement under such a situation. This case study, however, reveals that it is not always true. From the analysis of this study, it will be concluded that the agreement reached in the initial negotiation would not be always stable even in a situation where countries agree in general but disagree on coordination methods. In this case, "institution" and "consensus" are pointed out as incentives to make countries accept a specific coordination method.
基金This study was sponsored by the Tianjin Philosophy and Social Science Planning Project“Study on China’s Outward Direct Investment Risks and Early Warning System”(Grant No.JLJ18-003).
文摘Based on the panel data of China’s foreign aid in 2003-2014 from AidData,this paper empirically investigates the relationship between China’s foreign aid and economic growth in recipient countries.Using the principal component analysis(PCA),the authors propose a variable,i.e.the infrastructure index,to measure the effects of aid on the economic growth of recipient countries.This study shows that aid from China has significantly improved the level of economic growth in recipient countries,which provides a new evidence of China’s aid effectiveness.Through analysis of the ways by which aid in infrastructure induces economic growth,the authors conclude that the improvement of local infrastructure accounts for 55.30%of the aggregate economic growth effect of China’s aid to recipient countries.
文摘Located in Central Asia connecting Eurasia,Uzbekistan not only occupies an important geographical position,but also has abundant energy resources,which makes it Japan’s important economic and diplomatic target country in Central Asia.Since the unfolding of the new century,Japan’s economic diplomacy with Uzbekistan has gone through several stages of development,from initial contact to gradual maturity,and has been undergoing twists and turns.Since Shinzo Abe came to power for the second time in 2012,Japan’s economic diplomacy with Uzbekistan has deepened significantly,showing more distinct characteristics of changes,including the substantial increase of the amount of aid to the Uzbek government,attaching importance to bilateral economic and trade cooperation,and flexibly utilising the‘Central AsiatJapan’regional cooperation mechanism.The strategic considerations behind these changes and adjustments are to deeply participate in the regional cooperation in Central Asia by building a bilateral economic and trade relationship network,ensure the security of energy and resource supply in the post-pandemic era,realise the strategy of becoming a great power,and balance the forces of foreign powers.
基金supported by the‘Fundamental Research Funds for Central Universities of China Foreign Affairs University’[3162014ZYQDZD02].
文摘The People’s Republic of China(PRC)has been an aid donor for over six decades,offering multiple forms of development aid to other developing countries.Meanwhile,China has been con-stantly readjusting its strategies of aid provision while introducing institutional reforms to improve the efficiency of aid as a form of economic statecraft.What significant policy and institutional changes has China conducted in its aid distribution?What are the key motivators that have propelled such reforms?And how do Western donors perceive the Chinese model of aid distribution?Using a two-level analytical framework,this article mainly explores the domestic and international factors driving the three rounds of Chinese aid reforms.The article finds that while the transform-ation of China’s strategic priority enabled by leadership percep-tion change is the key domestic incentive for aid reforms,international variables contribute to such processes either directly by exerting pressure and conveying knowledge or indirectly by changing China’s global status and leadership perception.
基金the key research program of the Ministry of Education “Study on the Party’s Innovative Theories Embedded in theTheoretical Economics Knowledge System” (Grant No.19JZDZ002)the key program (Grant No.17ZDA097) of the National Social Science Fund ofChina (NSSFC)+1 种基金the general program (Grant No.71673280) of the National Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC)the School of Economicsat Renmin University of China (RUC).
文摘Foreign aid is an important aspect of China’s Belt and Road Initiative (BRI)for enhancing two-way cooperation with BRI countries. Based on the panel data of China’sforeign aid over the period 2000-2014, this paper employs the Worldwide GovernanceIndicators (WGI) to conduct an empirical study on the economic growth effects of China’sforeign aid and recipient countries’ institutional quality with the endogeneity of aid takeninto account. Results of our empirical study suggest that (i) China’s foreign aid, especiallyinfrastructure aid, can effectively promote economic growth in recipient countries;(ii)sound institutional development offers an important assurance for economic growth inrecipient countries;(iii) sample-specific regression reveals that the institutional quality ofrecipient countries can significantly influence the economic growth effects of China’s foreignaid, especially economic infrastructure aid for recipient countries in Asia and Europe.To improve aid effectiveness and quality, China needs to improve aid structure, superviseaid program implementation, and mitigate the impact of institutional risks in recipientcountries.