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Fiber optic sensing and performance evaluation of a water conveyance tunnel with composite linings under super-high internal pressures 被引量:2
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作者 Deyang Wang Honghu Zhu +3 位作者 Jingwu Huang Zhenrui Yan Xing Zheng Bin Shi 《Journal of Rock Mechanics and Geotechnical Engineering》 SCIE CSCD 2023年第8期1997-2012,共16页
For long-distance water conveyance shield tunnels in operation,the high internal water pressure may cause excessive deformation of composite linings,affecting their structural integrity and serviceability.However,the ... For long-distance water conveyance shield tunnels in operation,the high internal water pressure may cause excessive deformation of composite linings,affecting their structural integrity and serviceability.However,the deformation and failure characteristics of lining structures under internal water pressure are not well investigated in the literature,particularly for three-layer composite linings.This study presents an in situ experimental investigation on the response of two types of composite linings(i.e.separated and combined lining structures)subjected to internal pressures,in which a fiber optic nerve system(FONS)equipped with distributed strain and displacement sensing nerves was employed to monitor the performance of the two composite linings during testing.The experimental results clearly show that the damage of the tunnel lining under different internal pressures was mainly located in the self-compaction concrete layer.The separated lining structure responded more aggressively to the variations in internal pressures than the combined one.Moreover,two evaluation indices,i.e.radial displacement and effective stiffness coefficient,are proposed for describing the changes in the structural bearing performance.The effective stiffness coefficients of the two types of lining structures were reduced by 39.4%and 29.5%,respectively.Considering the convenience of field monitoring,it is suggested that the average strains at different layers can be used as characteristic parameters for estimating the health conditions of lining structures in service.The analysis results provide a practical reference for the design and health evaluation of water conveyance shield tunnels with composite linings. 展开更多
关键词 Water conveyance tunnel Composite lining interface Strain measurement Geotechnical monitoring Fiber optic nerve system(FONS)
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Numerical simulation and combination optimization of aluminum holding furnace linings based on simulated annealing 被引量:2
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作者 王计敏 兰申 +2 位作者 陈涛 李文科 楚化强 《Chinese Journal of Chemical Engineering》 SCIE EI CAS CSCD 2015年第6期880-889,共10页
To reduce heat loss and save cost, a combination decision model of reverb aluminum holding furnace linings in aluminum casting industry was established based on economic thickness method, and was resolved using simula... To reduce heat loss and save cost, a combination decision model of reverb aluminum holding furnace linings in aluminum casting industry was established based on economic thickness method, and was resolved using simulated annealing. Meanwhile, a three-dimensional mathematical model of aluminum holding furnace linings was developed and integrated with user-defined heat load distribution regime model. The optimal combination was as follows: side wall with 80 mm alumino-silicate fiber felts, 232 mm diatomite brick and 116 mm chamotte brick; top wall with 50 mm clay castables, 110 mm alumino-silicate fiber felts and 200 mm refractory concrete;and bottom wall with 232 mm high-alumina brick, 60 mm clay castables and 68 mm diatomite brick. Lining temperature from high to low was successively bottom wall, side wall, and top wall. Lining temperature gradient in increasing order of magnitude was refractory layer and insulation layer. It was indicated that the results of combination optimization of aluminum holding furnace linings were valid and feasible, and its thermo-physical mechanism and cost characteristics were reasonably revealed. 展开更多
关键词 Aluminum holding furnace linings Reaction engineering Transport processes Numerical simulation Combination optimization Simulated annealing
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Corrugate Fiber Reinforced Plastic Sheet in Repairing Tunnel Linings 被引量:2
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作者 Takashi Hara 《Journal of Civil Engineering and Architecture》 2015年第6期684-690,共7页
This paper represented the numerical analysis of the FRP (fiber reinforced plastics) tunnel lining which was used for maintaining the old tunnel. An old tunnel covered with a concrete is prone to deteriorate due to ... This paper represented the numerical analysis of the FRP (fiber reinforced plastics) tunnel lining which was used for maintaining the old tunnel. An old tunnel covered with a concrete is prone to deteriorate due to an aging effect and a v^ater penetration. In the rehabilitation of lining concrete, a steel plate and FRP or carbon sheet have been applied. However, these sheets show small flexural rigidity and do not flow out the penetrating water. In this paper, FRP corrugate sheet was proposed. The tunnel lining was made by FRP corrugate sheet that supported the lining concrete in the tunnel and flowed the water and the moisture swept on the tunnel surface. The FRP corrugate sheet was supported by the anchor bolts. In numerical analyses, the finite element degenerate shell was adopted to represent the FRP sheet behavior. Assuming that the concrete liner at the top was fallen down, the peeled concrete was applied as the load. From the numerical analysis, the effectiveness of the FRO corrugate sheet was confirmed. 展开更多
关键词 FRP TUNNEL LINING corrugate sheet FEM REHABILITATION
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Preparation of Nanoporous Thermal Insulating Materials and Their Application as Ladle Linings 被引量:1
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作者 YU Jingkun HAN Lu 《China's Refractories》 CAS 2014年第4期13-15,共3页
The nanoporous thermal insulating material was prepared by using fumed silica,SiC powder and glass fiber as starting materials,the appropriate thickness of the nanoporous thermal insulating material lined in ladle was... The nanoporous thermal insulating material was prepared by using fumed silica,SiC powder and glass fiber as starting materials,the appropriate thickness of the nanoporous thermal insulating material lined in ladle was discussed by the simulation method,and the effect of its application as ladle lining was investigated.The results show that the thermal conductivity of the nanoporous thermal insulating material prepared in composition of fumed silica: SiC powder: glass fiber =75: 20:5 (in mass) is 0.023 W · m^-1 · K^-1 at 1 000 ℃,the appropriate thickness of the nanoporous thermal insulating material lined in ladle is ≤ 5 mm and the average temperature of the ladle outside surface when lined with the nanoporous thermal insulating material is 95 ℃ lower than that with the ordinary thermal insulating material. 展开更多
关键词 fumed silica glass fiber NANOPOROUS thermal insulating material thermal conductivity ladle lining
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Adhesion performance of alkali-activated material for 3-dimensional printing of tunnel linings at different temperatures
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作者 Yaxin TAO Xiaodi DAI +1 位作者 Geert de SCHUTTER Kim Van TITTELBOOM 《Frontiers of Structural and Civil Engineering》 SCIE EI CSCD 2024年第1期66-79,共14页
Robotic-based technologies such as automated spraying or extrusion-based 3-dimensional(3D)concrete printing can be used to build tunnel linings,aiming at reducing labor and mitigating the associated safety issues,espe... Robotic-based technologies such as automated spraying or extrusion-based 3-dimensional(3D)concrete printing can be used to build tunnel linings,aiming at reducing labor and mitigating the associated safety issues,especially in the high-geothermal environment.Extrusion-based 3D concrete printing(3DCP)has additional advantages over automated sprayings,such as improved surface quality and no rebound.However,the effect of different temperatures on the adhesion performance of 3D-printed materials for tunnel linings has not been investigated.This study developed several alkali-activated slag mixtures with different activator modulus ratios to avoid the excessive use of Portland cement and enhance sustainability of 3D printable materials.The thermal responses of the mixtures at different temperatures of 20 and 40℃ were studied.The adhesion strength of the alkali-activated material was evaluated for both early and later ages.Furthermore,the structural evolution of the material exposed to different temperatures was measured.This was followed by microstructure characterization.Results indicate that elevated temperatures accelerate material reactions,resulting in improved early-age adhesion performance.Moreover,higher temperatures contribute to the development of a denser microstructure and enhanced mechanical strength in the hardened stage,particularly in mixtures with higher silicate content. 展开更多
关键词 alkali-activated material 3DCP tunnel lining high-geothermal environment ADHESION
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Characteristics of the crack tip field in high-speed railway tunnel linings under train-induced aerodynamic shockwaves
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作者 Yi-Kang Liu Yu-Ling Wang +3 位作者 E Deng Yi-Qing Ni Wei-Chao Yang Wai-Kei Ao 《Underground Space》 SCIE EI CSCD 2024年第5期199-217,共19页
High-speed railway tunnels in various countries have continuously reported accidents of vault falling concrete blocks.Once the concrete block falling occurs,serious consequences follow,and traffic safety may be endang... High-speed railway tunnels in various countries have continuously reported accidents of vault falling concrete blocks.Once the concrete block falling occurs,serious consequences follow,and traffic safety may be endangered.The aerodynamic shockwave evolves from the initial compression wave may be an important inducement causing the tunnel lining cracks to grow and form falling concrete blocks.A joint calculation framework is established based on ANSYS Fluent,ABAQUS,and FRANC3D for calculating the crack tip field under the aerodynamic shockwave.The intensification effect of aerodynamic shockwaves in the crack is revealed,and the evolution characteristics of the crack tip field and the influence factors of stress intensity factor(SIF)are analyzed.Results show that(1)the aerodynamic shockwave intensifies after entering the crack,resulting in more significant pressure in the crack than the input pressure.The maximum pressure of the inclined and longitudinal cracks is higher than the corresponding values of the circumferential crack,respectively.(2)The maximum SIF of the circumferential,inclined,and longitudinal crack appears at 0.5,0.68,and 0.78 times the crack front length.The maximum SIF of the circumferential crack is higher than that of the inclined and longitudinal crack.The possibility of crack growth of the circumferential crack is the highest under aerodynamic shockwaves.(3)The influence of train speed on the SIF of the circumferential crack is more than 40%.When the train speed,crack depth,and crack length change,the change of pressure in the crack is the direct cause of the change of SIF. 展开更多
关键词 Falling concrete blocks Tunnel lining cracks Aerodynamic shockwave Intensification effect Crack tip field Stress intensity factor
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Prediction of maximum upward displacement of shield tunnel linings during construction using particle swarm optimization-random forest algorithm
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作者 Xiaowei YE Xiaolong ZHANG +2 位作者 Yanbo CHEN Yujun WEI Yang DING 《Journal of Zhejiang University-Science A(Applied Physics & Engineering)》 SCIE EI CAS CSCD 2024年第1期1-17,共17页
During construction,the shield linings of tunnels often face the problem of local or overall upward movement after leaving the shield tail in soft soil areas or during some large diameter shield projects.Differential ... During construction,the shield linings of tunnels often face the problem of local or overall upward movement after leaving the shield tail in soft soil areas or during some large diameter shield projects.Differential floating will increase the initial stress on the segments and bolts which is harmful to the service performance of the tunnel.In this study we used a random forest(RF)algorithm combined particle swarm optimization(PSO)and 5-fold cross-validation(5-fold CV)to predict the maximum upward displacement of tunnel linings induced by shield tunnel excavation.The mechanism and factors causing upward movement of the tunnel lining are comprehensively summarized.Twelve input variables were selected according to results from analysis of influencing factors.The prediction performance of two models,PSO-RF and RF(default)were compared.The Gini value was obtained to represent the relative importance of the influencing factors to the upward displacement of linings.The PSO-RF model successfully predicted the maximum upward displacement of the tunnel linings with a low error(mean absolute error(MAE)=4.04 mm,root mean square error(RMSE)=5.67 mm)and high correlation(R^(2)=0.915).The thrust and depth of the tunnel were the most important factors in the prediction model influencing the upward displacement of the tunnel linings. 展开更多
关键词 Random forest(RF) Particle swarm optimization(PSO) Upward displacement of lining Machine learning prediction Shieldtunneling construction
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Full-scale experiment for segmental linings of deep-buried shield tunnels bearing high inner water pressure:Comparison of mechanical behaviors of continuous-and stagger-jointed structures 被引量:5
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作者 Long Zhou Yi Shen +3 位作者 Linxing Guan Zhiguo Yan Wei Sun Yaoliang Li 《Underground Space》 SCIE EI CSCD 2023年第1期252-266,共15页
Full-scale loading tests were performed on shield segmental linings bearing a high earth pressure and high inner water pressure,focus-ing on the effects of the inner water load and assembly manner on the mechanical pr... Full-scale loading tests were performed on shield segmental linings bearing a high earth pressure and high inner water pressure,focus-ing on the effects of the inner water load and assembly manner on the mechanical properties of the segmental linings.The test results indicate that the deep-buried segmental linings without inner pressure have a high safety reserve.After the action of high inner water pressure,the lining deformation will increase with the reduction of the safety reserve,caused by the significant decrease in the axial force in the linings.Because the bending moment at the segmental joints is transferred to the segment sections in the adjacent ling rings,the convergence deformation,openings of segmental joints,and bolt strains are smaller for the stagger-jointed lining than those for the continuous-jointed lining;however,dislocations appear in the circumferential joints owing to the stagger-jointed assembly.Although it significantly improves the mechanical performance of the segmental lining,stagger-jointed assembly results in compromising the water-proofing safety of circumferential joints.The stagger-jointed assembly manner can be considered to improve the service performance of shield tunnels bearing high inner water pressure on the premise that circumferential joint waterproofing is satisfied. 展开更多
关键词 Shield tunnel Inner water pressure Continuous-jointed lining Stagger-jointed lining Full-scale experiment
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Large-scale model test study on the water pressure resistance of construction joints of karst tunnel linings 被引量:1
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作者 Meng HUANG Mingli HUANG +2 位作者 Ze YANG Yuan SONG Zhien ZHANG 《Frontiers of Structural and Civil Engineering》 SCIE EI CSCD 2023年第8期1249-1263,共15页
Model tests and numerical calculations were adopted based on the New Yuanliangshan tunnel project to investigate the water pressure resistance of lining construction joints in high-pressure and water-rich karst tunnel... Model tests and numerical calculations were adopted based on the New Yuanliangshan tunnel project to investigate the water pressure resistance of lining construction joints in high-pressure and water-rich karst tunnels.A large-scale model test was designed and conducted,innovatively transforming the external water pressure of the lining construction joint into internal water pressure.The effects of the embedded position and waterstop type on the water pressure resistance of the construction joint were analyzed,and the reliability of the model test was verified via numerical calculations.The results show that using waterstops can significantly improve the water pressure resistance of lining construction joints.The water pressure resistance of the lining construction joint is positively correlated with the lining thickness and embedded depth of the waterstop.In addition,the type of waterstop significantly influences the water pressure resistance of lining construction joints.The test results show that the water pressure resistance of the embedded transverse reinforced waterstop is similar to that of the steel plate waterstop,and both have more advantages than the rubber waterstop.The water pressure resistance of the construction joint determined via numerical calculations is similar to the model test results,indicating that the model test results have high accuracy and reliability.This study provides a reference for similar projects and has wide applications. 展开更多
关键词 karst tunnel lining construction joint water pressure resistance large-scale model test numerical calculations
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Experimental,Numerical,and Analytical Studies on the Bending of Mechanically Lined Pipe 被引量:1
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作者 WEI Wen-bin YUAN Lin +1 位作者 ZHOU Jia-sheng LIU Zheng 《China Ocean Engineering》 SCIE EI CSCD 2024年第2期221-232,共12页
Mechanically lined pipe(MLP)is often used for offshore oil and gas transport because of its low cost and corrosion resistance.During installation and operation,the pipe may undergo severe bending deformation,which cau... Mechanically lined pipe(MLP)is often used for offshore oil and gas transport because of its low cost and corrosion resistance.During installation and operation,the pipe may undergo severe bending deformation,which causes the liner to separate from the outer pipe and buckles,affecting the stability of the whole line.In this paper,the buckling response of MLP subjected to bending is investigated to clarify its bending characteristics by employing both experiments,numerical simulation,as theoretical methods.Two types of MLPs were manufactured with GB 45 carbon steel(SLP)and Al 6061(ALP)used as the outer pipe material,respectively.The hydraulic expansion and bending experiments of small-scale MLPs are conducted.In addition to the ovalized shape of the cross-section for the SLP specimens,the copper liner was found to wrinkle on the compressive side.In contrast,the liner of ALP remains intact without developing any wrinkling and collapse mode.In addition,a dedicated numerical framework and theoretical models were also established.It was found both the manufacturing and bending responses of the MLP can be well reproduced,and the predicted maximum moment and critical curvatures are in good agreement with the experimental results. 展开更多
关键词 lined pipe BENDING nonlinear ring theory BUCKLING PLASTICITY
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Evaluation of the effect of using fiber reinforcement in tunnel linings for metro projects 被引量:1
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作者 Mucahit Namli 《Underground Space》 SCIE EI 2021年第6期732-750,共19页
Metro(subway)is an advanced public transport infrastructure system in urban areas with high capacity.The traffic operation of a metro is not affected by other vehicle traffic thanks to underground tunnels.With these b... Metro(subway)is an advanced public transport infrastructure system in urban areas with high capacity.The traffic operation of a metro is not affected by other vehicle traffic thanks to underground tunnels.With these benefits metro lines are preferred to solve the traffic problem in urbanized cities such as Istanbul,which is the focus of this study.Metro projects require huge amounts of budgets to be built.Putting these projects into service in targeted time is of great importance.The objective of this study is to minimize total metro construction project time by utilizing fiber reinforcement in tunnel linings.In this research,using fiber reinforcement to construct primary(initial)tunnel linings and secondary(final)tunnel linings of the metro projects are analyzed in terms of project duration.After comparison of two railway tunnel projects,evaluations and observations of a completed metro project revealed that using fiber reinforcement for either the primary lining or the final lining of tunnels reduces construction time of metro station tunnels by 25%.In addition,using fiber reinforcement to construct both the final lining and the primary lining of tunnels reduces construction time of the metro station tunnels and the whole metro project by 47% and 22%,respectively.The results of this study can be useful for completing challenging metro projects and putting it into service within the targeted time. 展开更多
关键词 METRO TUNNEL Tunnel linings SHOTCRETE Fiber Reinforced Shotcrete Tunnel Boring Machines
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Toward a Direct Measurement of the Cosmic Acceleration:The Pilot Observation of HI 21 cm Absorption Line at FAST
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作者 Jiangang Kang Chang-Zhi Lu +1 位作者 Tong-Jie Zhang Ming Zhu 《Research in Astronomy and Astrophysics》 SCIE CAS CSCD 2024年第7期47-55,共9页
This study presents results on detecting neutral atomic hydrogen(H I)21 cm absorption in the spectrum of PKS PKS1413+13 at redshift z=0.24670041.The observation was conducted by FAST,with a spectral resolution of10 Hz... This study presents results on detecting neutral atomic hydrogen(H I)21 cm absorption in the spectrum of PKS PKS1413+13 at redshift z=0.24670041.The observation was conducted by FAST,with a spectral resolution of10 Hz,using 10 minutes of observing time.The global spectral profile is examined by modeling the absorption line using a single Gaussian function with a resolution of 10 kHz within a 2 MHz bandwidth.The goal is to determine the rate of the latest cosmic acceleration by directly measuring the redshift evolution of the H I 21 cm absorption line with Hubble flow toward a common background quasar over a decade or longer time span.This will serve as a detectable signal generated by the accelerated expansion of the Universe at redshift z<1,referred to as redshift drift z(5)or the SL effect.The measured H I gas column density in this DLA system is approximately equivalent to the initial observation value,considering uncertainties of the spin temperature of a spiral host galaxy.The high signal-to-noise ratio of 57,obtained at a 10 kHz resolution,strongly supports the feasibility of using the H I 21 cm absorption line in DLA systems to accurately measure the redshift drift rate at a precision level of around 10~(-10)per decade. 展开更多
关键词 (cosmology)cosmological parameters-cosmology observations-cosmology theory-(cosmology)dark energy-radio lines ISM-radio lines galaxies-ISM clouds
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Observation of HⅠaround three Satellite Galaxies of M31 with FAST:AndromedaⅡ,NGC 205,and NGC 185
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作者 Ziming Liu Jie Wang +6 位作者 Yingjie Jing Chen Xu Tiantian Liang Qingze Chen Zerui Liu Zhipeng Hou Yougang Wang 《Research in Astronomy and Astrophysics》 SCIE CAS CSCD 2024年第8期52-59,共8页
With the exceptional sensitivity of the Five-hundred-meter Aperture Spherical radio Telescope,we conducted observations of the neutral hydrogen(HⅠ)in the circumgalactic medium of Andromeda’s(M31)satellite galaxies,s... With the exceptional sensitivity of the Five-hundred-meter Aperture Spherical radio Telescope,we conducted observations of the neutral hydrogen(HⅠ)in the circumgalactic medium of Andromeda’s(M31)satellite galaxies,specifically AndromedaⅡ,NGC 205,and NGC 185.Initially,three drift scans were executed for these satellites,with a detection limit of 4×10^(18)cm^(-2)(approximately 1.88×10^(3)M_Θof HⅠmass),followed by a more in-depth scan of a specific region.We discovered a C-shaped HⅠarc structure sharing a position and line-of-sight velocity similar to a stellar ring structure around AndromedaⅡ,hinting at a potential connection with AndromedaⅡ.In the context of NGC 205,we identified two mass concentrations in the northeast direction,which could be indicative of tidal streams resulting from the interaction between this galaxy and M31.These new lumps discovered could be very helpful in solving the missing interstellar medium problem for NGC 205.Observations regarding NGC 185are consistent with previous studies,and we did not detect any additional HⅠmaterial around this galaxy.These observational results enhance our understanding of the evolution of these satellite galaxies and provide insight into their historical interactions with the galaxy M31. 展开更多
关键词 ISM structure-(Galaxy)local interstellar matter-galaxies interactions-galaxies ISM-(galaxies)Local Group-radio lines ISM-radio lines GALAXIES
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Derivative Spectroscopy and its Application at Detecting the Weak Emission/Absorption Lines
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作者 Lihuan Yu Jiangdan Li +4 位作者 Jinliang Wang Jiajia Li Jiao Li Qiang Xi Zhanwen Han 《Research in Astronomy and Astrophysics》 SCIE CAS CSCD 2024年第3期205-223,共19页
The development of spectroscopic survey telescopes like Large Sky Area Multi-Object Fiber Spectroscopic Telescope(LAMOST),Apache Point Observatory Galactic Evolution Experiment and Sloan Digital Sky Survey has opened ... The development of spectroscopic survey telescopes like Large Sky Area Multi-Object Fiber Spectroscopic Telescope(LAMOST),Apache Point Observatory Galactic Evolution Experiment and Sloan Digital Sky Survey has opened up unprecedented opportunities for stellar classification.Specific types of stars,such as early-type emission-line stars and those with stellar winds,can be distinguished by the profiles of their spectral lines.In this paper,we introduce a method based on derivative spectroscopy(DS)designed to detect signals within complex backgrounds and provide a preliminary estimation of curve profiles.This method exhibits a unique advantage in identifying weak signals and unusual spectral line profiles when compared to other popular line detection methods.We validated our approach using synthesis spectra,demonstrating that DS can detect emission signals three times fainter than Gaussian fitting.Furthermore,we applied our method to 579,680 co-added spectra from LAMOST Medium-Resolution Spectroscopic Survey,identifying 16,629 spectra with emission peaks around the Hαline from 10,963 stars.These spectra were classified into three distinct morphological groups,resulting in nine subclasses as follows.(1)Emission peak above the pseudo-continuum line(single peak,double peaks,emission peak situated within an absorption line,P Cygni profile,Inverse P Cygni profile);(2)Emission peak below the pseudo-continuum line(sharp emission peak,double absorption peaks,emission peak shifted to one side of the absorption line);(3)Emission peak between the pseudo-continuum line. 展开更多
关键词 LINE identification-line profiles-methods data analysis-techniques spectroscopic-techniques radial velocities
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HI in High Gas-phase Metallicity Dwarf Galaxy WISEA J230615.06+143927.9
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作者 Yan Guo C.Sengupta +2 位作者 T.C.Scott P.Lagos Y.Luo 《Research in Astronomy and Astrophysics》 SCIE CAS CSCD 2024年第1期292-299,共8页
We present resolved Giant Metrewave Radio Telescope H I observations of the high gas-phase metallicity dwarf galaxy WISEA J230615.06+143927.9(z = 0.005)(hereafter J2306) and investigate whether it could be a Tidal Dwa... We present resolved Giant Metrewave Radio Telescope H I observations of the high gas-phase metallicity dwarf galaxy WISEA J230615.06+143927.9(z = 0.005)(hereafter J2306) and investigate whether it could be a Tidal Dwarf Galaxy(TDG) candidate. TDGs are observed to have higher metallicities than normal dwarfs. J2306 has an unusual combination of a blue g-r color of 0.23 mag, irregular optical morphology and high-metallicity(12 +log(O/H) = 8.68 ± 0.14), making it an interesting galaxy to study in more detail. We find J2306 to be an H I rich galaxy with a large extended, unperturbed rotating H I disk. Using our H I data we estimated its dynamical mass and found the galaxy to be dark matter(DM) dominated within its H I radius. The quantity of DM, inferred from its dynamical mass, appears to rule out J2306 as an evolved TDG. A wide area environment search reveals J2306 to be isolated from any larger galaxies which could have been the source of its high gas metallicity. Additionally, the H I morphology and kinematics of the galaxy show no indication of a recent merger to explain the high-metallicity.Further detailed optical spectroscopic observations of J2306 might provide an answer to how a seemingly ordinary irregular dwarf galaxy achieved such a high level of metal enrichment. 展开更多
关键词 galaxies:abundances galaxies:dwarf galaxies:irregular radio lines:galaxies radio lines:ISM
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Struggle zone: alpine shrubs are limited in the Southern Urals by an advancing treeline and insufficient snow depth
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作者 Andrey A.Grigoriev Vladimir S.Mikryukov +3 位作者 Yulia V.Shalaumova Pavel A.Moiseev Sergey O.Vuykhin Jesús J.Camarero 《Journal of Forestry Research》 SCIE EI CAS CSCD 2024年第6期1-12,共12页
In recent decades,the rapid climate warming in polar and alpine regions has been accompanied by an expan-sion of shrub vegetation.However,little is known about how changes in shrub distribution will change as the dist... In recent decades,the rapid climate warming in polar and alpine regions has been accompanied by an expan-sion of shrub vegetation.However,little is known about how changes in shrub distribution will change as the distribution of tree species and snow cover changes as temperatures rise.In this work,we analyzed the main environmental factors influencing the distribution and structure of Juniperus sibir-ica,the most common shrub species in the Southern Ural Mountains.Using mapping and digital elevation models,we demonstrated that J.sibirica forms a well-defined vegeta-tion belt mainly between 1100 and 1400 m a.s.l.Within this zone,the abundance and cover of J.sibirica are influenced by factors such as rockiness,slope steepness,water regime and tree(Picea obovata)cover.An analysis of data spanning the past 9 years revealed an upward shift in the distribution of J.sibirica with a decrease in its area.The primary limit-ing factors for the distribution of J.sibirica were the removal of snow cover by strong winter winds and competition with trees.As a consequence of climatic changes,the tree line and forest limit have shifted upward,further restricting the distribution of J.sibirica to higher elevations where com-petition for light with trees is reduced and snow cover is sufficiently deep. 展开更多
关键词 Juniperaceae Juniperus sibirica Snowpack cover Shrubline Shrub-tree competition Southern Urals Tree line
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Observation of parabolic electron bands on superconductor LaRu_(2)As_(2)
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作者 周兴泰 李更 +5 位作者 潘禄禄 陈子超 李萌 时延昊 杨海涛 高鸿钧 《Chinese Physics B》 SCIE EI CAS CSCD 2024年第7期60-64,共5页
Ru-based superconductor LaRu_(2)As_(2) has been discovered exhibiting the highest critical temperature of ~ 7.8 K among iron-free transition metal pnictides with the ThCr_(2)Si_(2)-type crystal structure. However, mic... Ru-based superconductor LaRu_(2)As_(2) has been discovered exhibiting the highest critical temperature of ~ 7.8 K among iron-free transition metal pnictides with the ThCr_(2)Si_(2)-type crystal structure. However, microscopic research on this novel superconducting material is still lacking. Here, we utilize scanning tunneling microscopy/spectroscopy to uncover the superconductivity and surface structure of LaRu_(2)As_(2). Two distinct terminating surfaces are identified on the cleaved crystals, namely, the As surface and the La surface. Atomic missing line defects are observed on the La surface. Both surfaces exhibit a superconducting gap of ~ 1.0 me V. By employing quasiparticle interference techniques, we observe standing wave patterns near the line defects on the La atomic plane. These patterns are attributed to quasiparticle scattering from two electron type parabolic bands. 展开更多
关键词 SUPERCONDUCTIVITY line defect quasi-particle scattering electron band
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Evaluation of red soil-bentonite mixtures for compacted clay liners
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作者 A.S.Devapriya T.Thyagaraj 《Journal of Rock Mechanics and Geotechnical Engineering》 SCIE CSCD 2024年第2期697-710,共14页
Compacted clay liners are an integral part of the waste landfills,which are provided to contain the leachate within the landfills and protect the surrounding environment.Generally,locally available natural soils are u... Compacted clay liners are an integral part of the waste landfills,which are provided to contain the leachate within the landfills and protect the surrounding environment.Generally,locally available natural soils are used for the construction of compacted clay liners if they satisfy the design criteria.However,not all soils in their natural state satisfy all the design criteria for the liner materials.Thus,there is a definite need to modify the locally available natural soils by blending with bentonite to meet the required design criteria for the liners.In view of this,the present study evaluates the suitability of an Indian red soil enhanced with bentonite as a liner material.To achieve this,a series of experiments were carried out using locally available red soil and bentonite.First,the suitability of the red soil was evaluated as a liner material.The experimental results showed that the red soil met all the selection criteria stipulated by the Environmental Protection Agencies(EPAs)for the liners except the hydraulic conductivity criterion.Therefore,the red soil was mixed with bentonite contents of 10%,20%and 30%,and the red soil-bentonite mixtures were evaluated for their suitability for liners in their compacted state.Further,as the liners in the arid and semi-arid regions are subjected to moisture variations due to seasonal moisture fluctuations and other factors,the red soil-bentonite mixtures were subjected to wetdry cycles,and their suitability was evaluated after wet-dry cycles.The experimental results revealed that all the red soil-bentonite mixtures met the stipulated EPA criteria for the liners in the as-compacted state.However,the red soil-bentonite mixtures with 20%and 30%bentonite contents only satisfied the hydraulic conductivity requirement even after wet-dry cycles.The experimental findings were supplemented with the microstructural insights captured through digital camera images,scanning electron microscopy(SEM),and mercury intrusion porosimetry(MIP)studies. 展开更多
关键词 Compacted clay lines Hydraulic conductivity Wet-dry cycles Microstructure
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ST-LaneNet: Lane Line Detection Method Based on Swin Transformer and LaneNet
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作者 Yufeng Du Rongyun Zhang +3 位作者 Peicheng Shi Linfeng Zhao Bin Zhang Yaming Liu 《Chinese Journal of Mechanical Engineering》 SCIE EI CAS CSCD 2024年第1期130-145,共16页
The advancement of autonomous driving heavily relies on the ability to accurate lane lines detection.As deep learning and computer vision technologies evolve,a variety of deep learning-based methods for lane line dete... The advancement of autonomous driving heavily relies on the ability to accurate lane lines detection.As deep learning and computer vision technologies evolve,a variety of deep learning-based methods for lane line detection have been proposed by researchers in the field.However,owing to the simple appearance of lane lines and the lack of distinctive features,it is easy for other objects with similar local appearances to interfere with the process of detecting lane lines.The precision of lane line detection is limited by the unpredictable quantity and diversity of lane lines.To address the aforementioned challenges,we propose a novel deep learning approach for lane line detection.This method leverages the Swin Transformer in conjunction with LaneNet(called ST-LaneNet).The experience results showed that the true positive detection rate can reach 97.53%for easy lanes and 96.83%for difficult lanes(such as scenes with severe occlusion and extreme lighting conditions),which can better accomplish the objective of detecting lane lines.In 1000 detection samples,the average detection accuracy can reach 97.83%,the average inference time per image can reach 17.8 ms,and the average number of frames per second can reach 64.8 Hz.The programming scripts and associated models for this project can be accessed openly at the following GitHub repository:https://github.com/Duane 711/Lane-line-detec tion-ST-LaneNet. 展开更多
关键词 Autonomous driving Lane line detection Deep learning Swin transformer
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An Optimization Approach of IoD Deployment for Optimal Coverage Based on Radio Frequency Model
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作者 Tarek Sheltami Gamil Ahmed Ansar Yasar 《Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences》 SCIE EI 2024年第6期2627-2647,共21页
Recently,Internet of Drones(IoD)has garnered significant attention due to its widespread applications.However,deploying IoD for area coverage poses numerous limitations and challenges.These include interference betwee... Recently,Internet of Drones(IoD)has garnered significant attention due to its widespread applications.However,deploying IoD for area coverage poses numerous limitations and challenges.These include interference between neighboring drones,the need for directional antennas,and altitude restrictions for drones.These challenges necessitate the development of efficient solutions.This research paper presents a cooperative decision-making approach for an efficient IoDdeployment to address these challenges effectively.The primary objective of this study is to achieve an efficient IoDdeployment strategy thatmaximizes the coverage regionwhile minimizing interference between neighboring drones.In deployment problem,the interference increases as the number of deployed drones increases,resulting in bad quality of communication.On the other hand,deploying a few drones cannot satisfy the coverage demand.To accomplish this,an enhanced version of a concise population-based meta-heuristic algorithm,namely Improved Particle SwarmOptimization(IPSO),is applied.The objective function of IPSO is defined based on the coverage probability,which is primarily influenced by the characteristics of the antennas and drone altitude.A radio frequency(RF)model is derived to evaluate the coverage quality,considering both Line of Sight(LOS)and Non-Line of Sight(NLOS)down-link coverage probabilities for ground communication.It is assumed that each drone is equipped with a directional antenna to optimize coverage in a given region.Extensive simulations are conducted to assess the effectiveness of the proposed approach.Results demonstrate that the proposed method achieves maximum coverage with minimum transmission power.Furthermore,a comparison is made against Collaborative Visual Area Coverage Approach(CVACA),and a game-based approach in terms of coverage quality and convergence speed.The simulation results reveal that our approach outperforms both CVACA and the gamebased schemes in terms of coverage and convergence speed.Comparisons validate the superiority of our approach over existing methods.To assess the robustness of the proposed RFmodel,we have considered two distinct ranges of noise:range1 spanning from−120 to−90 dBm,and range2 spanning from−90 to−70 dBmfor different numbers of UAVs.In summary,this research presents a cooperative decision-making approach for efficient IoD deployment to address the challenges associatedwith area coverage and achieves an optimal coveragewithminimal interference. 展开更多
关键词 IOD line of sight optimal deployment IPSO RF model
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