Despite cities being recognized as being potential sources of microplastic pollution to the wider environment, most surveys of COVID-19 plastic-based litter have been undertaken through linear transects of marine beac...Despite cities being recognized as being potential sources of microplastic pollution to the wider environment, most surveys of COVID-19 plastic-based litter have been undertaken through linear transects of marine beaches. For the far fewer number of studies conducted on inland and urban locations, the site-specific focus has primarily been surveys along the length of streets. The present study is the first to specifically assess the standing stock (i.e., moment-in-time) of littered face masks for the entire surface area of urban parking lots. The density of face masks in 50 parking lots in a Canadian coastal town (0.00054 m2 ± 0.00051 m2) was found to be significantly greater than the background level of littering of town streets. Face mask density was significantly related to visitation “usage” of parking lots as gauged by the areal size of the lots and of their onsite buildings, as well as the number of vehicles present. Neither parking lot typology nor estimates of inferred export (various measures of wind exposure) and entrapment (various metrics of obstruction) of face masks had a significant influence on the extent of whole-lot littering. In consequence, modelling of the potential input of mask-derived microplastics to the marine environment from coastal communities can use the areal density of face masks found here in association with the total surface area of lots for individual municipalities as determined through GIS analysis.展开更多
In the future smart cities,parking lots(PLs)can accommodate hundreds of electric vehicles(EVs)at the same time.This trend creates an opportunity for PLs to serve as a potential flexibility resource,considering growing...In the future smart cities,parking lots(PLs)can accommodate hundreds of electric vehicles(EVs)at the same time.This trend creates an opportunity for PLs to serve as a potential flexibility resource,considering growing penetration of EVs and integration of distributed energy resources DER(such as photovoltaic and energy storages).Given this background,this paper proposes a comprehensive evaluation framework to investigate the potential role of DER-integrated PLs(DPL)with the capability of vehicle-to-grid(V2G)in improving the reliability of the distribution network.For this aim,first,an overview for the distribution system with DPLs is provided.Then,a generic model for the available generation capacity(AGC)of DPLs with consideration of EV scheduling strategy is developed.On the above basis,an iterative-based algorithm leveraging sequential Monte Carlo simulation is presented to quantify the contribution of DPLs to the reliability of the system.In order to verify the effectiveness of the proposed method,a series of numerical studies are carried out.The simulation results show that the integration of DPLs with the V2G capability could help to improve the reliability performance of distribution grid to a great extent and reduce the adverse impact incurred by EV accommodation,if utilized properly.展开更多
Last October, the Nanjing-based aiwan, Hongkong, Macao and verseas Chinese Literature Society went to Wulong Pool. Zhang Chao, vice-chairman of the society, invited me to go to see the place with him. We went eastward...Last October, the Nanjing-based aiwan, Hongkong, Macao and verseas Chinese Literature Society went to Wulong Pool. Zhang Chao, vice-chairman of the society, invited me to go to see the place with him. We went eastward out of Longpanli along bustling and seething Guangzhou Avenue. by the side of the high Suolong Bridge, we found a garden gate with flower-展开更多
In order to solve the contradiction between the rapid growth of urban motor vehicles and the lack of road traffic resources to fundamentally improve the problem of "difficult driving and difficult parking", ...In order to solve the contradiction between the rapid growth of urban motor vehicles and the lack of road traffic resources to fundamentally improve the problem of "difficult driving and difficult parking", it is necessary to carry out scientific planning and design of urban parking lots. The study analyzed the main problems of urban parking, discussed the planning principles and countermeasures of parking lot planning, and briefly introduced the practical experience of the special parking lot planning of the central urban area in Xiajiang County, Ji’an City, Jiangxi Province. It is hoped that through parking lot planning, the contradiction between supply and demand of urban parking can be effectively alleviated and the urban traffic environment can be improved.展开更多
The efficiency of businesses is often hindered by the challenges encountered in traditional Supply Chain Manage-ment(SCM),which is characterized by elevated risks due to inadequate accountability and transparency.To a...The efficiency of businesses is often hindered by the challenges encountered in traditional Supply Chain Manage-ment(SCM),which is characterized by elevated risks due to inadequate accountability and transparency.To address these challenges and improve operations in green manufacturing,optimization algorithms play a crucial role in supporting decision-making processes.In this study,we propose a solution to the green lot size optimization issue by leveraging bio-inspired algorithms,notably the Stork Optimization Algorithm(SOA).The SOA draws inspiration from the hunting and winter migration strategies employed by storks in nature.The theoretical framework of SOA is elaborated and mathematically modeled through two distinct phases:exploration,based on migration simulation,and exploitation,based on hunting strategy simulation.To tackle the green lot size optimization issue,our methodology involved gathering real-world data,which was then transformed into a simplified function with multiple constraints aimed at optimizing total costs and minimizing CO_(2) emissions.This function served as input for the SOA model.Subsequently,the SOA model was applied to identify the optimal lot size that strikes a balance between cost-effectiveness and sustainability.Through extensive experimentation,we compared the performance of SOA with twelve established metaheuristic algorithms,consistently demonstrating that SOA outperformed the others.This study’s contribution lies in providing an effective solution to the sustainable lot-size optimization dilemma,thereby reducing environmental impact and enhancing supply chain efficiency.The simulation findings underscore that SOA consistently achieves superior outcomes compared to existing optimization methodologies,making it a promising approach for green manufacturing and sustainable supply chain management.展开更多
In recent years,disorderly parking and difficult charging of electric bicycles have been challenges in urban management.The rapid growth of electric bicycles is in contradiction with the lack of dedicated parking spac...In recent years,disorderly parking and difficult charging of electric bicycles have been challenges in urban management.The rapid growth of electric bicycles is in contradiction with the lack of dedicated parking spaces and charging service facilities in towns and villages.To solve the issue of parking and charging electric bicycles in limited urban and rural spaces,prefabricated building technology is applied to the design of a multi-story electric bicycle parking lot.The multi-story prefabricated electric bicycle parking lot is utilized in urban and rural planning and design to upgrade parking facilities in old urban areas,land-constrained commercial areas,as well as counties,towns,and rural areas with inadequate municipal facilities.Multi-story prefabricated electric bicycle parking lots are the application exploration of industrial buildings,and promote the high-quality development planning and construction of towns and counties and villages.Compared with the single-story metal charging station,the multi-story assembled electric bicycle parking lot has the characteristics of integrating parking and charging,being more durable and safer in structure,accommodating a large number of vehicles,and improving the space utilization rate.展开更多
LOT(License on Transfer)网络是应对专利主张实体诉讼风险的专利防御市场机制,其目的是降低企业的专利风险。然而,企业加入LOT网络的收益并不容易量化。本文通过简述加入LOT网络的投资回报模型,分析中国企业加入LOT网络的收益以及对公...LOT(License on Transfer)网络是应对专利主张实体诉讼风险的专利防御市场机制,其目的是降低企业的专利风险。然而,企业加入LOT网络的收益并不容易量化。本文通过简述加入LOT网络的投资回报模型,分析中国企业加入LOT网络的收益以及对公司业绩的影响。研究发现,对于在海外业务较多或只在较窄技术领域有专利申请、采用防御性专利战略的中国企业而言,加入LOT网络能有较高的投资回报比。本研究可为中国企业抵御专利主张实体的诉讼风险,制定专利防御策略,以及量化评估加入LOT网络的价值提供参考。展开更多
文摘Despite cities being recognized as being potential sources of microplastic pollution to the wider environment, most surveys of COVID-19 plastic-based litter have been undertaken through linear transects of marine beaches. For the far fewer number of studies conducted on inland and urban locations, the site-specific focus has primarily been surveys along the length of streets. The present study is the first to specifically assess the standing stock (i.e., moment-in-time) of littered face masks for the entire surface area of urban parking lots. The density of face masks in 50 parking lots in a Canadian coastal town (0.00054 m2 ± 0.00051 m2) was found to be significantly greater than the background level of littering of town streets. Face mask density was significantly related to visitation “usage” of parking lots as gauged by the areal size of the lots and of their onsite buildings, as well as the number of vehicles present. Neither parking lot typology nor estimates of inferred export (various measures of wind exposure) and entrapment (various metrics of obstruction) of face masks had a significant influence on the extent of whole-lot littering. In consequence, modelling of the potential input of mask-derived microplastics to the marine environment from coastal communities can use the areal density of face masks found here in association with the total surface area of lots for individual municipalities as determined through GIS analysis.
基金financially supported by the National Social Science Fund of China(No.19ZDA081)Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(No.2020MS067).
文摘In the future smart cities,parking lots(PLs)can accommodate hundreds of electric vehicles(EVs)at the same time.This trend creates an opportunity for PLs to serve as a potential flexibility resource,considering growing penetration of EVs and integration of distributed energy resources DER(such as photovoltaic and energy storages).Given this background,this paper proposes a comprehensive evaluation framework to investigate the potential role of DER-integrated PLs(DPL)with the capability of vehicle-to-grid(V2G)in improving the reliability of the distribution network.For this aim,first,an overview for the distribution system with DPLs is provided.Then,a generic model for the available generation capacity(AGC)of DPLs with consideration of EV scheduling strategy is developed.On the above basis,an iterative-based algorithm leveraging sequential Monte Carlo simulation is presented to quantify the contribution of DPLs to the reliability of the system.In order to verify the effectiveness of the proposed method,a series of numerical studies are carried out.The simulation results show that the integration of DPLs with the V2G capability could help to improve the reliability performance of distribution grid to a great extent and reduce the adverse impact incurred by EV accommodation,if utilized properly.
文摘Last October, the Nanjing-based aiwan, Hongkong, Macao and verseas Chinese Literature Society went to Wulong Pool. Zhang Chao, vice-chairman of the society, invited me to go to see the place with him. We went eastward out of Longpanli along bustling and seething Guangzhou Avenue. by the side of the high Suolong Bridge, we found a garden gate with flower-
文摘In order to solve the contradiction between the rapid growth of urban motor vehicles and the lack of road traffic resources to fundamentally improve the problem of "difficult driving and difficult parking", it is necessary to carry out scientific planning and design of urban parking lots. The study analyzed the main problems of urban parking, discussed the planning principles and countermeasures of parking lot planning, and briefly introduced the practical experience of the special parking lot planning of the central urban area in Xiajiang County, Ji’an City, Jiangxi Province. It is hoped that through parking lot planning, the contradiction between supply and demand of urban parking can be effectively alleviated and the urban traffic environment can be improved.
基金This research is funded by the Science Committee of the Ministry of Science and Higher Education of the Republic of Kazakhstan,Grant No.AP19674517.
文摘The efficiency of businesses is often hindered by the challenges encountered in traditional Supply Chain Manage-ment(SCM),which is characterized by elevated risks due to inadequate accountability and transparency.To address these challenges and improve operations in green manufacturing,optimization algorithms play a crucial role in supporting decision-making processes.In this study,we propose a solution to the green lot size optimization issue by leveraging bio-inspired algorithms,notably the Stork Optimization Algorithm(SOA).The SOA draws inspiration from the hunting and winter migration strategies employed by storks in nature.The theoretical framework of SOA is elaborated and mathematically modeled through two distinct phases:exploration,based on migration simulation,and exploitation,based on hunting strategy simulation.To tackle the green lot size optimization issue,our methodology involved gathering real-world data,which was then transformed into a simplified function with multiple constraints aimed at optimizing total costs and minimizing CO_(2) emissions.This function served as input for the SOA model.Subsequently,the SOA model was applied to identify the optimal lot size that strikes a balance between cost-effectiveness and sustainability.Through extensive experimentation,we compared the performance of SOA with twelve established metaheuristic algorithms,consistently demonstrating that SOA outperformed the others.This study’s contribution lies in providing an effective solution to the sustainable lot-size optimization dilemma,thereby reducing environmental impact and enhancing supply chain efficiency.The simulation findings underscore that SOA consistently achieves superior outcomes compared to existing optimization methodologies,making it a promising approach for green manufacturing and sustainable supply chain management.
文摘In recent years,disorderly parking and difficult charging of electric bicycles have been challenges in urban management.The rapid growth of electric bicycles is in contradiction with the lack of dedicated parking spaces and charging service facilities in towns and villages.To solve the issue of parking and charging electric bicycles in limited urban and rural spaces,prefabricated building technology is applied to the design of a multi-story electric bicycle parking lot.The multi-story prefabricated electric bicycle parking lot is utilized in urban and rural planning and design to upgrade parking facilities in old urban areas,land-constrained commercial areas,as well as counties,towns,and rural areas with inadequate municipal facilities.Multi-story prefabricated electric bicycle parking lots are the application exploration of industrial buildings,and promote the high-quality development planning and construction of towns and counties and villages.Compared with the single-story metal charging station,the multi-story assembled electric bicycle parking lot has the characteristics of integrating parking and charging,being more durable and safer in structure,accommodating a large number of vehicles,and improving the space utilization rate.
文摘LOT(License on Transfer)网络是应对专利主张实体诉讼风险的专利防御市场机制,其目的是降低企业的专利风险。然而,企业加入LOT网络的收益并不容易量化。本文通过简述加入LOT网络的投资回报模型,分析中国企业加入LOT网络的收益以及对公司业绩的影响。研究发现,对于在海外业务较多或只在较窄技术领域有专利申请、采用防御性专利战略的中国企业而言,加入LOT网络能有较高的投资回报比。本研究可为中国企业抵御专利主张实体的诉讼风险,制定专利防御策略,以及量化评估加入LOT网络的价值提供参考。
