Due to the complex environment of the university laboratory,personnel flow intensive,personnel irregular behavior is easy to cause security risks.Monitoring using mainstream detection algorithms suffers from low detec...Due to the complex environment of the university laboratory,personnel flow intensive,personnel irregular behavior is easy to cause security risks.Monitoring using mainstream detection algorithms suffers from low detection accuracy and slow speed.Therefore,the current management of personnel behavior mainly relies on institutional constraints,education and training,on-site supervision,etc.,which is time-consuming and ineffective.Given the above situation,this paper proposes an improved You Only Look Once version 7(YOLOv7)to achieve the purpose of quickly detecting irregular behaviors of laboratory personnel while ensuring high detection accuracy.First,to better capture the shape features of the target,deformable convolutional networks(DCN)is used in the backbone part of the model to replace the traditional convolution to improve the detection accuracy and speed.Second,to enhance the extraction of important features and suppress useless features,this paper proposes a new convolutional block attention module_efficient channel attention(CBAM_E)for embedding the neck network to improve the model’s ability to extract features from complex scenes.Finally,to reduce the influence of angle factor and bounding box regression accuracy,this paper proposes a newα-SCYLLA intersection over union(α-SIoU)instead of the complete intersection over union(CIoU),which improves the regression accuracy while increasing the convergence speed.Comparison experiments on public and homemade datasets show that the improved algorithm outperforms the original algorithm in all evaluation indexes,with an increase of 2.92%in the precision rate,4.14%in the recall rate,0.0356 in the weighted harmonic mean,3.60%in the mAP@0.5 value,and a reduction in the number of parameters and complexity.Compared with the mainstream algorithm,the improved algorithm has higher detection accuracy,faster convergence speed,and better actual recognition effect,indicating the effectiveness of the improved algorithm in this paper and its potential for practical application in laboratory scenarios.展开更多
In the very beginning,the Computer Laboratory of the University of Cambridge was founded to provide computing service for different disciplines across the university.As computer science developed as a discipline in it...In the very beginning,the Computer Laboratory of the University of Cambridge was founded to provide computing service for different disciplines across the university.As computer science developed as a discipline in its own right,boundaries necessarily arose between it and other disciplines,in a way that is now often detrimental to progress.Therefore,it is necessary to reinvigorate the relationship between computer science and other academic disciplines and celebrate exploration and creativity in research.To do this,the structures of the academic department have to act as supporting scaffolding rather than barriers.Some examples are given that show the efforts being made at the University of Cambridge to approach this problem.展开更多
Acute pancreatitis (AP) is one of the more common gastrointestinal diseases in clinics and is characterized by rapid progression, many complications, and high mortality. When it develops into severe pancreatitis, its ...Acute pancreatitis (AP) is one of the more common gastrointestinal diseases in clinics and is characterized by rapid progression, many complications, and high mortality. When it develops into severe pancreatitis, its prognosis is poor. Therefore, early assessment of the degree of inflammatory response plays a crucial role in the treatment plan and prognosis of patients. More and more studies have shown that the levels of D-dimer (D-D), angiotensin-2 (Ang-2), phosphate, heparin-binding protein (HBP), retinol-binding protein-4 (RBP4), and osteoblastic protein (OPN) are closely related to the severity of acute pan-creatitis and can be used as effective indicators for early assessment of AP. In this paper, the research progress of the above indicators in assessing the severity of AP is summarized.展开更多
Research on the use of EHR is contradictory since it presents contradicting results regarding the time spent documenting. There is research that supports the use of electronic records as a tool to speed documentation;...Research on the use of EHR is contradictory since it presents contradicting results regarding the time spent documenting. There is research that supports the use of electronic records as a tool to speed documentation;and research that found that it is time consuming. The purpose of this quantitative retrospective before-after project was to measure the impact of using the laboratory value flowsheet within the EHR on documentation time. The research question was: “Does the use of a laboratory value flowsheet in the EHR impact documentation time by primary care providers (PCPs)?” The theoretical framework utilized in this project was the Donabedian Model. The population in this research was the two PCPs in a small primary care clinic in the northwest of Puerto Rico. The sample was composed of all the encounters during the months of October 2019 and December 2019. The data was obtained through data mining and analyzed using SPSS 27. The evaluative outcome of this project is that there is a decrease in documentation time after implementation of the use of the laboratory value flowsheet in the EHR. However, patients per day increase therefore having an impact on the number of patients seen per day/week/month. The implications for clinical practice include the use of templates to improve workflow and documentation as well as decreasing documentation time while also increasing the number of patients seen per day. .展开更多
National Key Laboratory of Baiyun Obo Rare Earth Resource Researches and Comprehensive Utilization was approved by the Ministry of Science and Technology to be one of the national key laboratories in November 2022.The...National Key Laboratory of Baiyun Obo Rare Earth Resource Researches and Comprehensive Utilization was approved by the Ministry of Science and Technology to be one of the national key laboratories in November 2022.The laboratory was reconstructed based on former State Key Laboratory of Baiyun Obo Rare Earth Resources Researches and Comprehensive Utilization.The key laboratory takes Baotou Research Institute of Rare Earths as the main research body,cooperating with scientific and technological strength from Lanzhou University and Changsha Research Institute of Mining and Metallurgy.展开更多
A novel expandable conductor was designed and applied in deep-water drilling to improve the vertical and lateral bearing capacity with a significant reduction of conductor jetting depth and soaking time. The vertical ...A novel expandable conductor was designed and applied in deep-water drilling to improve the vertical and lateral bearing capacity with a significant reduction of conductor jetting depth and soaking time. The vertical and lateral bearing capability of expandable conductors was depicted based on the ultimate subgrade reaction method and pile foundation bearing theory. The load-bearing characteristics of a laboratory-scale expandable conductor were analyzed through laboratory experiments. The serial simulation experiments are accomplished to study the bearing characteristics(vertical ultimate bearing capacity, lateral soil pressure, and lateral displacement) during the conductor soaking process. The laboratory experimental results show that the larger the length and thickness of expandable materials are,the higher the bearing capacity of the wellhead will be. During the conductor soaking process, the soil pressure around the three expandable conductors increases faster, strings representing a stronger squeezing effect and resulting in higher vertical bearing capacity. Furthermore, the lateral displacement of novel expandable conductor is smaller than that of the conventional conductor. All the advantages mentioned above contributed to the reduction of conductor’s jetting depth and soaking time. Lastly, the application workflow of a novel expandable deep-water drilling conductor was established and the autonomous expandable conductor was successfully applied in the South China Sea with a significant reduction of conductor’s jetting depth and soaking time. According to the soil properties and designed installation depth of the surface conductor, the arrangement of expandable materials should be designed reasonably to meet the safety condition and reduce the construction cost of the subsea wellhead.展开更多
BACKGROUND Isotretinoin is a widely prescribed drug for various dermatological conditions,especially acne.Blood tests are routinely performed to monitor its side effects.However,the optimal testing schedule remains co...BACKGROUND Isotretinoin is a widely prescribed drug for various dermatological conditions,especially acne.Blood tests are routinely performed to monitor its side effects.However,the optimal testing schedule remains controversial.AIM To evaluate the laboratory monitoring tests and schedules of patients with acne taking isotretinoin to determine the most efficient testing regimen.METHODS We retrospectively reviewed electronic medical records from the Dermatology Department of Dongguk University Ilsan Hospital from 2005 to 2020 for patients prescribed isotretinoin for acne who underwent monthly blood tests.RESULTS Aspartate aminotransferase(AST),alanine aminotransferase(ALT),and trigly-ceride(TG)levels significantly changed between 5 and 6 mo when the total prescription period and dose variables were considered altogether.The high-density lipoprotein level also significantly changed between 5 and 6 mo.However,low-density lipoprotein(LDL)and total cholesterol levels significantly changed between 1 and 2 mo.CONCLUSION We recommend testing AST,ALT,and TG levels once every 5 to 6 mo.We also suggest testing LDL and total cholesterol levels during the first and second months.展开更多
The musculoskeletal system involves multiple tissues which are constantly exposed to being exposed to various biological and mechanical stimuli.As such,isolating and studying a particular system from a complex human c...The musculoskeletal system involves multiple tissues which are constantly exposed to being exposed to various biological and mechanical stimuli.As such,isolating and studying a particular system from a complex human clinical environment is not always a realistic expectation.On top of that,recruitment limitations,in addition to the nature of orthopaedic interventions and their associated cost,sometimes preclude consideration of human trials to answer a clinical question.Therefore,in this mini review,we sought to rationalize the rapid evolution of biomedical research at a basic scientific level and explain why the perception of orthopaedic conditions has fundamentally changed over the last decades.In more detail,we highlight that the number of orthopaedic in vitro publications has soared since 1990.Last but not least,we elaborated on the minimum requirements for conducting a scientifically sound infection-related laboratory experiment to offer valuable information to clinical practitioners.We also explained the rationale behind implementing molecular biology techniques,ex vivo experiments,and artificial intelligence in this type of laboratory research.展开更多
Objective: To investigate the influence of integrated Chinese and Western medicine treatment on the quality of life and laboratory indicators of patients with novel coronavirus pneumonia (COVID-19). Methods: A prospec...Objective: To investigate the influence of integrated Chinese and Western medicine treatment on the quality of life and laboratory indicators of patients with novel coronavirus pneumonia (COVID-19). Methods: A prospective, self-controlled study was conducted to analyze the changes in corresponding laboratory indicators and quality of life in 75 confirmed COVID-19 patients treated with integrated Chinese and Western medicine in our hospital during the early stage, middle stage, recovery period, and two weeks after discharge. The effectiveness and safety of the treatment regimen were evaluated in conjunction with the time for 2019-nCoV nucleic acid conversion, disease progression, and adverse reactions. Results: The PLT levels in the initial stage were significantly lower than those in the recovery period in 75 patients. The CRP levels in the initial stage were significantly lower than those after discharge for 2 weeks. The TBIL, IBTL, and DHIL levels in the initial stage were significantly lower than those in the middle stage. The K+ levels in the initial stage were significantly lower than those in the recovery period and after discharge for 2 weeks. The LYMGH levels in the initial stage were significantly lower than those in the recovery period and after discharge for 2 weeks. The TP and ALB levels in the initial stage were higher than those in the middle stage and the recovery period. The LDH levels, scores of daily activity limitation, scores of respiratory distress symptoms, scores of psychological emotions, CT imaging scores, and positive rate of nucleic acid were significantly lower than those in the recovery period and after discharge for 2 weeks. The AG, CK, CK-MB, and α-HBDH levels in the initial stage were significantly higher than those in the recovery period. However, the AMY level in the initial stage was significantly lower than that in the recovery period and after discharge for 2 weeks (p Conclusion: Integrated Chinese and Western medicine treatment has a significant impact on laboratory indicators such as PLT, LYMGH, CRP, TBIL, IBTL, DHIL, TP, ALB, K+, AG, LDH, CK, CK-MB, α-HBDH, AMY, CT imaging, and 2019-nCoV nucleic acid in COVID-19 patients. It has good clinical efficacy and safety, and can improve the quality of life of patients.展开更多
Objective: To evaluate the interest of the simulation in the learning of the obstetric examination of parturient by medical students. Materials and methods: It was an analytical cross-sectional study that took place f...Objective: To evaluate the interest of the simulation in the learning of the obstetric examination of parturient by medical students. Materials and methods: It was an analytical cross-sectional study that took place from 1 to 28 February 2020 at the Yalgado Ouedraogo Teaching Hospital in Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso. The study population was made up of medical students at the Doctorate II level. The previous experience of the students in the obstetric examination of the parturient, the contribution of the simulation on their feelings and on their skills towards this examination were studied. The Mc Nemar Chi<sup>2</sup> test was used to compare percentages on paired samples. Results: The level of difficulty in performing the obstetrical examination in the parturient evolved downwards after the practice of the simulation. The stress level to perform the obstetric exam has been significantly reduced. On the other hand, confidence has increased. The students’ ability to appreciate each of the elements of the obstetric examination studied had improved after the practice of simulation. Conclusion: The simulation in the skills laboratory was a great contribution and the acquisition of models of better fidelity would help to improve the contribution to the confidence building and the acquisition of skills by learners.展开更多
Through the Latour concept of philosophy of science of laboratory life,the life course of a(geo)ethnographer researcher is analyzed,in order to establish the emotional or more personal dimensions that do not usually a...Through the Latour concept of philosophy of science of laboratory life,the life course of a(geo)ethnographer researcher is analyzed,in order to establish the emotional or more personal dimensions that do not usually appear in research papers,but that have notable relevance in qualitative research.The text is structured in three large parts:A conceptual vision of the new experimental geography;the experimental geo-ethnography in old social,new social and place scenarios;and finally,the most personal and emotional dimension of the research.The first part establishes the geo-ethnographic experimental context and the assumptions in fieldwork,in addition to the geo-ethnographic reconciliation process.In the second part,the main qualitative research problems related to mobility,resistance and dynamics in place are established.Finally,in the third part the research perceptions,the personal experiences,and the emotional dimension of the research in remote rural areas are established.The laboratory life of a researcher,allows one to establish scalar conclusions and rigor in qualitative research.展开更多
Led by four generations of leadership from late Prof.JIANG Sichang(academician,Chinese Academy of Engineering),Prof.YANG Weiyan(Honorary President,Division of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery,Chinese Medical Assoc...Led by four generations of leadership from late Prof.JIANG Sichang(academician,Chinese Academy of Engineering),Prof.YANG Weiyan(Honorary President,Division of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery,Chinese Medical Association),Prof.HAN Dongyi(President Elected,Division of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery,Chinese Medical Association)to now Prof.YANG Shiming(President,Division of Otolaryngologists,展开更多
Objective:To determine brucellosis's epidemiologic,laboratory,diagnostic and public health features considering brucellosis is endemic in Azna County,western Iran.Methods:This descriptive cross-sectional study was...Objective:To determine brucellosis's epidemiologic,laboratory,diagnostic and public health features considering brucellosis is endemic in Azna County,western Iran.Methods:This descriptive cross-sectional study was investigated on 43 patients with brucellosis in Azna County. The subjects were the patients with symptoms correspondent with brucellosis and positive Wright and 2ME tests. A questionnaire about demographic,epidemiological and laboratory findings was filled in. Afterwards,patients were treated using usual antimicrobial drugs regimen. The collected data were analyzed by SPSS software version 16.Results:Forty-three subjects were found to be positive in laboratory tests. Incidence of Brucellosis was 59.31 per hundred thousand population. About 34.9% of patients were female and 65.1%male. Nearly 95.2% of human cases were living in rural and 4.8%in urban areas. Around 20.9%of patients had history of animal contact. The commonest transmission was unpasteurized dairy products(79.1%). The most contagious seasons were summer and spring(60.3%). The most common age group was 15-24(27.9%),and about 60.5%of the patients were between 15-44 years old. Disease was more common among housewives(30.2%) and farmers(20.9%). The majority of the patients had Wright test titre=1:320(54.1%) and 2ME test titre=1:160(56.1%) in serological titration.Doxycycline with Rifampin was used for treatment of the greatest of patients(60.4%).Conclusions:In order to control this zoonotic disease,close cooperation of health and veterinary organizations is necessary.展开更多
Primary biliary cirrhosis(PBC) is a chronic progressive cholestatic granulomatous, and destructive inflammatory lesion of small intralobular and septal bile ducts, which is likely to be caused by an autoimmune mechani...Primary biliary cirrhosis(PBC) is a chronic progressive cholestatic granulomatous, and destructive inflammatory lesion of small intralobular and septal bile ducts, which is likely to be caused by an autoimmune mechanism with a the presence of serum antimitochondrial antibodies and a potential tendency to progress to cirrhosis. Despite the fact that the etiology of this disease has beenunknown so far, there has been a considerable body of scientific evidence that can reveal the clinical and laboratory signs of PBC and the individual components of its pathogenesis and elaborate diagnostic criteria for the disease and its symptomatic therapy. Deficiencies in autoimmune tolerance are critical factors for the initiation and perpetuation of the disease. The purpose of this review is to summarize the data available in the literature and the author's findings on clinical and laboratory criteria for the diagnosis of PBC. This review describes the major clinical manifestations of the disease and the mechanisms of its development. It presents the immunological, biochemical, and morphological signs of PBC and their significance for its diagnosis. A great deal of novel scientific evidence for the problem of PBC has been accumulated. However, the inadequate efficiency of therapy for the disease lends impetus to the quest for its etiological factors and to further investigations of its pathogenetic mechanisms and, on this basis, to searches for new methods for its early diagnosis.展开更多
Objective To analyze characteristics of high altitude pulmonary edema(HAPE)in Chinese patients.Methods We performed a retrospective study of 98 patients with HAPE.We reviewed the medical records and summarized the cli...Objective To analyze characteristics of high altitude pulmonary edema(HAPE)in Chinese patients.Methods We performed a retrospective study of 98 patients with HAPE.We reviewed the medical records and summarized the clinical,laboratory and imaging characteristics of these cases,and compared the results on admission with those determined before discharge.Results Forty-eight(49.0%)patients developed HAPE at the altitude of 2800 m to 3000 m.Ninty-five(96.9%)patients were man.Moist rales were audible from the both lungs,and moist rales over the right lung were clearer than those over the left lung in fourteen patients.The white blood cells[(12.83±5.55)versus(8.95±3.23)×109/L,P=0.001)]as well as neutrophil counts[(11.34±3.81)versus(7.49±2.83)×109/L,P=0.001)]were higher,whereas the counts of other subsets of white blood cells were lower on admission than those after recovery(all P<0.05).Serum levels of alkaline phosphatase(115.8±37.6 versus 85.7±32.4 mmol/L,P=0.020),cholinesterase(7226.2±1631.8 versus 6285.3±1693.3 mmol/L,P=0.040),creatinine(85.2±17.1 versus 75.1±12.8 mmol/L,P=0.021),uric acid(401.9±114.2 versus 326.0±154.3 mmol/L,P=0.041),and uric glucose(7.20±1.10 versus 5.51±1.11 mmol/L,P=0.001)were higher,but carbondioxide combining power(CO2CP,26.7±4.4 versus 28.9±4.5 mmol/L,P=0.042)and serous calcium(2.32±0.13 versus 2.41±0.10 mmol/L,P=0.006)were lower on admission.Arterial blood gas results showed hypoxemia and respiratory alkalosis on admission.Conclusions In the present research,men were more susceptible to HAPE than women,and in the process of HAPE,the lesions of the right lung were more serious than those of the left lung.Some indicators of routine blood test and blood biochemistry of HAPE patients changed.展开更多
In order to improve our understanding of rock fracture and fault instability driven by high-pressure fluid sources, the authors carried out rock fracture tests using granite under a confining pressure of 80 MPa with f...In order to improve our understanding of rock fracture and fault instability driven by high-pressure fluid sources, the authors carried out rock fracture tests using granite under a confining pressure of 80 MPa with fluid injection in the laboratory. Furthermore, we tested a number of numerical models using the FLAC^(3D) modeling software to find the best model to represent the experimental results. The high-speed multichannel acoustic emission(AE) waveform recording system used in this study made it possible to examine the total fracture process through detailed monitoring of AE hypocenters and seismic velocity.The experimental results show that injecting high-pressure oil into the rock sample can induce AE activity at very low stress levels and can dramatically reduce the strength of the rock. The results of the numerical simulations show that major experimental results, including the strength, the temporal and spatial patterns of the AE events, and the role of the fluid can be represented fairly well by a model involving(1) randomly distributed defect elements to model pre-existing cracks,(2) random modification of rock properties to represent inhomogeneity introduced by different mineral grains, and(3)macroscopic inhomogeneity. Our study, which incorporates laboratory experiments and numerical simulations, indicates that such an approach is helpful in finding a better model not only for simulating experimental results but also for upscaling purposes.展开更多
Intrinsic radiation of materials is one of the major backgrounds for many rare-event search experiments.Thus,the production of pure materials in an underground laboratory is a promising approach for eliminating cosmog...Intrinsic radiation of materials is one of the major backgrounds for many rare-event search experiments.Thus,the production of pure materials in an underground laboratory is a promising approach for eliminating cosmogenic radionuclides.In this paper,we demonstrate a procedure to evaluate the yields of cosmogenic radionuclides in copper and germanium in the second phase of the China Jinping Underground Laboratory.Our results show that for copper and germanium materials,the largest cosmogenic background comes from 3 H and57,58,60Co,and 3 H and 68Ge,respectively,which all have yields on the order of 10-7 kg-1 day-1.The corresponding radioactivities after 90 days pf exposure underground are estimated to be lower than 10-6μBq kg-1.展开更多
Underground research laboratory(URL)plays an important role in safe disposal of high-level radioactive waste(HLW).At present,the Xinchang site,located in Gansu Province of China,has been selected as the final site for...Underground research laboratory(URL)plays an important role in safe disposal of high-level radioactive waste(HLW).At present,the Xinchang site,located in Gansu Province of China,has been selected as the final site for China’s first URL,named Beishan URL.For this,a preliminary design of the Beishan URL has been proposed,including one spiral ramp,three shafts and two experimental levels.With advantages of fast advancing and limited disturbance to surrounding rock mass,the tunnel boring machine(TBM)method could be one of the excavation methods considered for the URL ramp.This paper introduces the feasibility study on using TBM to excavation of the Beishan URL ramp.The technical challenges for using TBM in Beishan URL are identified on the base of geological condition and specific layout of the spiral ramp.Then,the technical feasibility study on the specific issues,i.e.extremely hard rock mass,high abrasiveness,TBM operation,muck transportation,water drainage and material transportation,is investigated.This study demonstrates that TBM technology is a feasible method for the Beishan URL excavation.The results can also provide a reference for the design and construction of HLW disposal engineering in similar geological conditions.2020 Institute of Rock and Soil Mechanics,Chinese Academy of Sciences.Production and hosting by Elsevier B.V.This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license(http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/).展开更多
Seismic surges and landslides are both major secondary mountain hazards during an earthquake. This paper investigates earthquake-and landslide-induced composite surges through largescale shaking table water tank model...Seismic surges and landslides are both major secondary mountain hazards during an earthquake. This paper investigates earthquake-and landslide-induced composite surges through largescale shaking table water tank model experiments. A series of tests were conducted for various initial water depths, peak ground accelerations, slide impact velocities, and slide volumes. Based on the results of the tests, the effects of these parameters on the maximum wave heights of the earthquake-and landslide-induced composite surges were analyzed. An amplification coefficient of seismic surges was defined, and the prediction equation for the amplification coefficient was developed through nondimensional multiple linear regression analysis. Then, an empirical equation for the maximum wave heights of the composite surges was developed based on the amplification coefficient and Demirel's method. This equation provides a calculation method for earthquake-and landslide-induced composite surge waves.展开更多
基金This study was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.61861007)Guizhou ProvincialDepartment of Education Innovative Group Project(QianJiaohe KY[2021]012)Guizhou Science and Technology Plan Project(Guizhou Science Support[2023]General 412).
文摘Due to the complex environment of the university laboratory,personnel flow intensive,personnel irregular behavior is easy to cause security risks.Monitoring using mainstream detection algorithms suffers from low detection accuracy and slow speed.Therefore,the current management of personnel behavior mainly relies on institutional constraints,education and training,on-site supervision,etc.,which is time-consuming and ineffective.Given the above situation,this paper proposes an improved You Only Look Once version 7(YOLOv7)to achieve the purpose of quickly detecting irregular behaviors of laboratory personnel while ensuring high detection accuracy.First,to better capture the shape features of the target,deformable convolutional networks(DCN)is used in the backbone part of the model to replace the traditional convolution to improve the detection accuracy and speed.Second,to enhance the extraction of important features and suppress useless features,this paper proposes a new convolutional block attention module_efficient channel attention(CBAM_E)for embedding the neck network to improve the model’s ability to extract features from complex scenes.Finally,to reduce the influence of angle factor and bounding box regression accuracy,this paper proposes a newα-SCYLLA intersection over union(α-SIoU)instead of the complete intersection over union(CIoU),which improves the regression accuracy while increasing the convergence speed.Comparison experiments on public and homemade datasets show that the improved algorithm outperforms the original algorithm in all evaluation indexes,with an increase of 2.92%in the precision rate,4.14%in the recall rate,0.0356 in the weighted harmonic mean,3.60%in the mAP@0.5 value,and a reduction in the number of parameters and complexity.Compared with the mainstream algorithm,the improved algorithm has higher detection accuracy,faster convergence speed,and better actual recognition effect,indicating the effectiveness of the improved algorithm in this paper and its potential for practical application in laboratory scenarios.
文摘In the very beginning,the Computer Laboratory of the University of Cambridge was founded to provide computing service for different disciplines across the university.As computer science developed as a discipline in its own right,boundaries necessarily arose between it and other disciplines,in a way that is now often detrimental to progress.Therefore,it is necessary to reinvigorate the relationship between computer science and other academic disciplines and celebrate exploration and creativity in research.To do this,the structures of the academic department have to act as supporting scaffolding rather than barriers.Some examples are given that show the efforts being made at the University of Cambridge to approach this problem.
文摘Acute pancreatitis (AP) is one of the more common gastrointestinal diseases in clinics and is characterized by rapid progression, many complications, and high mortality. When it develops into severe pancreatitis, its prognosis is poor. Therefore, early assessment of the degree of inflammatory response plays a crucial role in the treatment plan and prognosis of patients. More and more studies have shown that the levels of D-dimer (D-D), angiotensin-2 (Ang-2), phosphate, heparin-binding protein (HBP), retinol-binding protein-4 (RBP4), and osteoblastic protein (OPN) are closely related to the severity of acute pan-creatitis and can be used as effective indicators for early assessment of AP. In this paper, the research progress of the above indicators in assessing the severity of AP is summarized.
文摘Research on the use of EHR is contradictory since it presents contradicting results regarding the time spent documenting. There is research that supports the use of electronic records as a tool to speed documentation;and research that found that it is time consuming. The purpose of this quantitative retrospective before-after project was to measure the impact of using the laboratory value flowsheet within the EHR on documentation time. The research question was: “Does the use of a laboratory value flowsheet in the EHR impact documentation time by primary care providers (PCPs)?” The theoretical framework utilized in this project was the Donabedian Model. The population in this research was the two PCPs in a small primary care clinic in the northwest of Puerto Rico. The sample was composed of all the encounters during the months of October 2019 and December 2019. The data was obtained through data mining and analyzed using SPSS 27. The evaluative outcome of this project is that there is a decrease in documentation time after implementation of the use of the laboratory value flowsheet in the EHR. However, patients per day increase therefore having an impact on the number of patients seen per day/week/month. The implications for clinical practice include the use of templates to improve workflow and documentation as well as decreasing documentation time while also increasing the number of patients seen per day. .
文摘National Key Laboratory of Baiyun Obo Rare Earth Resource Researches and Comprehensive Utilization was approved by the Ministry of Science and Technology to be one of the national key laboratories in November 2022.The laboratory was reconstructed based on former State Key Laboratory of Baiyun Obo Rare Earth Resources Researches and Comprehensive Utilization.The key laboratory takes Baotou Research Institute of Rare Earths as the main research body,cooperating with scientific and technological strength from Lanzhou University and Changsha Research Institute of Mining and Metallurgy.
基金financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos.51434009 and 51221003)。
文摘A novel expandable conductor was designed and applied in deep-water drilling to improve the vertical and lateral bearing capacity with a significant reduction of conductor jetting depth and soaking time. The vertical and lateral bearing capability of expandable conductors was depicted based on the ultimate subgrade reaction method and pile foundation bearing theory. The load-bearing characteristics of a laboratory-scale expandable conductor were analyzed through laboratory experiments. The serial simulation experiments are accomplished to study the bearing characteristics(vertical ultimate bearing capacity, lateral soil pressure, and lateral displacement) during the conductor soaking process. The laboratory experimental results show that the larger the length and thickness of expandable materials are,the higher the bearing capacity of the wellhead will be. During the conductor soaking process, the soil pressure around the three expandable conductors increases faster, strings representing a stronger squeezing effect and resulting in higher vertical bearing capacity. Furthermore, the lateral displacement of novel expandable conductor is smaller than that of the conventional conductor. All the advantages mentioned above contributed to the reduction of conductor’s jetting depth and soaking time. Lastly, the application workflow of a novel expandable deep-water drilling conductor was established and the autonomous expandable conductor was successfully applied in the South China Sea with a significant reduction of conductor’s jetting depth and soaking time. According to the soil properties and designed installation depth of the surface conductor, the arrangement of expandable materials should be designed reasonably to meet the safety condition and reduce the construction cost of the subsea wellhead.
基金Supported by the Dongguk University Research Program(2021).
文摘BACKGROUND Isotretinoin is a widely prescribed drug for various dermatological conditions,especially acne.Blood tests are routinely performed to monitor its side effects.However,the optimal testing schedule remains controversial.AIM To evaluate the laboratory monitoring tests and schedules of patients with acne taking isotretinoin to determine the most efficient testing regimen.METHODS We retrospectively reviewed electronic medical records from the Dermatology Department of Dongguk University Ilsan Hospital from 2005 to 2020 for patients prescribed isotretinoin for acne who underwent monthly blood tests.RESULTS Aspartate aminotransferase(AST),alanine aminotransferase(ALT),and trigly-ceride(TG)levels significantly changed between 5 and 6 mo when the total prescription period and dose variables were considered altogether.The high-density lipoprotein level also significantly changed between 5 and 6 mo.However,low-density lipoprotein(LDL)and total cholesterol levels significantly changed between 1 and 2 mo.CONCLUSION We recommend testing AST,ALT,and TG levels once every 5 to 6 mo.We also suggest testing LDL and total cholesterol levels during the first and second months.
文摘The musculoskeletal system involves multiple tissues which are constantly exposed to being exposed to various biological and mechanical stimuli.As such,isolating and studying a particular system from a complex human clinical environment is not always a realistic expectation.On top of that,recruitment limitations,in addition to the nature of orthopaedic interventions and their associated cost,sometimes preclude consideration of human trials to answer a clinical question.Therefore,in this mini review,we sought to rationalize the rapid evolution of biomedical research at a basic scientific level and explain why the perception of orthopaedic conditions has fundamentally changed over the last decades.In more detail,we highlight that the number of orthopaedic in vitro publications has soared since 1990.Last but not least,we elaborated on the minimum requirements for conducting a scientifically sound infection-related laboratory experiment to offer valuable information to clinical practitioners.We also explained the rationale behind implementing molecular biology techniques,ex vivo experiments,and artificial intelligence in this type of laboratory research.
文摘Objective: To investigate the influence of integrated Chinese and Western medicine treatment on the quality of life and laboratory indicators of patients with novel coronavirus pneumonia (COVID-19). Methods: A prospective, self-controlled study was conducted to analyze the changes in corresponding laboratory indicators and quality of life in 75 confirmed COVID-19 patients treated with integrated Chinese and Western medicine in our hospital during the early stage, middle stage, recovery period, and two weeks after discharge. The effectiveness and safety of the treatment regimen were evaluated in conjunction with the time for 2019-nCoV nucleic acid conversion, disease progression, and adverse reactions. Results: The PLT levels in the initial stage were significantly lower than those in the recovery period in 75 patients. The CRP levels in the initial stage were significantly lower than those after discharge for 2 weeks. The TBIL, IBTL, and DHIL levels in the initial stage were significantly lower than those in the middle stage. The K+ levels in the initial stage were significantly lower than those in the recovery period and after discharge for 2 weeks. The LYMGH levels in the initial stage were significantly lower than those in the recovery period and after discharge for 2 weeks. The TP and ALB levels in the initial stage were higher than those in the middle stage and the recovery period. The LDH levels, scores of daily activity limitation, scores of respiratory distress symptoms, scores of psychological emotions, CT imaging scores, and positive rate of nucleic acid were significantly lower than those in the recovery period and after discharge for 2 weeks. The AG, CK, CK-MB, and α-HBDH levels in the initial stage were significantly higher than those in the recovery period. However, the AMY level in the initial stage was significantly lower than that in the recovery period and after discharge for 2 weeks (p Conclusion: Integrated Chinese and Western medicine treatment has a significant impact on laboratory indicators such as PLT, LYMGH, CRP, TBIL, IBTL, DHIL, TP, ALB, K+, AG, LDH, CK, CK-MB, α-HBDH, AMY, CT imaging, and 2019-nCoV nucleic acid in COVID-19 patients. It has good clinical efficacy and safety, and can improve the quality of life of patients.
文摘Objective: To evaluate the interest of the simulation in the learning of the obstetric examination of parturient by medical students. Materials and methods: It was an analytical cross-sectional study that took place from 1 to 28 February 2020 at the Yalgado Ouedraogo Teaching Hospital in Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso. The study population was made up of medical students at the Doctorate II level. The previous experience of the students in the obstetric examination of the parturient, the contribution of the simulation on their feelings and on their skills towards this examination were studied. The Mc Nemar Chi<sup>2</sup> test was used to compare percentages on paired samples. Results: The level of difficulty in performing the obstetrical examination in the parturient evolved downwards after the practice of the simulation. The stress level to perform the obstetric exam has been significantly reduced. On the other hand, confidence has increased. The students’ ability to appreciate each of the elements of the obstetric examination studied had improved after the practice of simulation. Conclusion: The simulation in the skills laboratory was a great contribution and the acquisition of models of better fidelity would help to improve the contribution to the confidence building and the acquisition of skills by learners.
文摘Through the Latour concept of philosophy of science of laboratory life,the life course of a(geo)ethnographer researcher is analyzed,in order to establish the emotional or more personal dimensions that do not usually appear in research papers,but that have notable relevance in qualitative research.The text is structured in three large parts:A conceptual vision of the new experimental geography;the experimental geo-ethnography in old social,new social and place scenarios;and finally,the most personal and emotional dimension of the research.The first part establishes the geo-ethnographic experimental context and the assumptions in fieldwork,in addition to the geo-ethnographic reconciliation process.In the second part,the main qualitative research problems related to mobility,resistance and dynamics in place are established.Finally,in the third part the research perceptions,the personal experiences,and the emotional dimension of the research in remote rural areas are established.The laboratory life of a researcher,allows one to establish scalar conclusions and rigor in qualitative research.
文摘Led by four generations of leadership from late Prof.JIANG Sichang(academician,Chinese Academy of Engineering),Prof.YANG Weiyan(Honorary President,Division of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery,Chinese Medical Association),Prof.HAN Dongyi(President Elected,Division of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery,Chinese Medical Association)to now Prof.YANG Shiming(President,Division of Otolaryngologists,
基金Supported by Research and Technology Development of Ahvaz Jundishapur University Medical Sciences in collaboration on this project with No.87S.56
文摘Objective:To determine brucellosis's epidemiologic,laboratory,diagnostic and public health features considering brucellosis is endemic in Azna County,western Iran.Methods:This descriptive cross-sectional study was investigated on 43 patients with brucellosis in Azna County. The subjects were the patients with symptoms correspondent with brucellosis and positive Wright and 2ME tests. A questionnaire about demographic,epidemiological and laboratory findings was filled in. Afterwards,patients were treated using usual antimicrobial drugs regimen. The collected data were analyzed by SPSS software version 16.Results:Forty-three subjects were found to be positive in laboratory tests. Incidence of Brucellosis was 59.31 per hundred thousand population. About 34.9% of patients were female and 65.1%male. Nearly 95.2% of human cases were living in rural and 4.8%in urban areas. Around 20.9%of patients had history of animal contact. The commonest transmission was unpasteurized dairy products(79.1%). The most contagious seasons were summer and spring(60.3%). The most common age group was 15-24(27.9%),and about 60.5%of the patients were between 15-44 years old. Disease was more common among housewives(30.2%) and farmers(20.9%). The majority of the patients had Wright test titre=1:320(54.1%) and 2ME test titre=1:160(56.1%) in serological titration.Doxycycline with Rifampin was used for treatment of the greatest of patients(60.4%).Conclusions:In order to control this zoonotic disease,close cooperation of health and veterinary organizations is necessary.
文摘Primary biliary cirrhosis(PBC) is a chronic progressive cholestatic granulomatous, and destructive inflammatory lesion of small intralobular and septal bile ducts, which is likely to be caused by an autoimmune mechanism with a the presence of serum antimitochondrial antibodies and a potential tendency to progress to cirrhosis. Despite the fact that the etiology of this disease has beenunknown so far, there has been a considerable body of scientific evidence that can reveal the clinical and laboratory signs of PBC and the individual components of its pathogenesis and elaborate diagnostic criteria for the disease and its symptomatic therapy. Deficiencies in autoimmune tolerance are critical factors for the initiation and perpetuation of the disease. The purpose of this review is to summarize the data available in the literature and the author's findings on clinical and laboratory criteria for the diagnosis of PBC. This review describes the major clinical manifestations of the disease and the mechanisms of its development. It presents the immunological, biochemical, and morphological signs of PBC and their significance for its diagnosis. A great deal of novel scientific evidence for the problem of PBC has been accumulated. However, the inadequate efficiency of therapy for the disease lends impetus to the quest for its etiological factors and to further investigations of its pathogenetic mechanisms and, on this basis, to searches for new methods for its early diagnosis.
基金Supported by the National Science and Technology Major Projects for Major New Drugs Innovation and Development [2014ZX09J14102-02A(2014.1-2016.12)]
文摘Objective To analyze characteristics of high altitude pulmonary edema(HAPE)in Chinese patients.Methods We performed a retrospective study of 98 patients with HAPE.We reviewed the medical records and summarized the clinical,laboratory and imaging characteristics of these cases,and compared the results on admission with those determined before discharge.Results Forty-eight(49.0%)patients developed HAPE at the altitude of 2800 m to 3000 m.Ninty-five(96.9%)patients were man.Moist rales were audible from the both lungs,and moist rales over the right lung were clearer than those over the left lung in fourteen patients.The white blood cells[(12.83±5.55)versus(8.95±3.23)×109/L,P=0.001)]as well as neutrophil counts[(11.34±3.81)versus(7.49±2.83)×109/L,P=0.001)]were higher,whereas the counts of other subsets of white blood cells were lower on admission than those after recovery(all P<0.05).Serum levels of alkaline phosphatase(115.8±37.6 versus 85.7±32.4 mmol/L,P=0.020),cholinesterase(7226.2±1631.8 versus 6285.3±1693.3 mmol/L,P=0.040),creatinine(85.2±17.1 versus 75.1±12.8 mmol/L,P=0.021),uric acid(401.9±114.2 versus 326.0±154.3 mmol/L,P=0.041),and uric glucose(7.20±1.10 versus 5.51±1.11 mmol/L,P=0.001)were higher,but carbondioxide combining power(CO2CP,26.7±4.4 versus 28.9±4.5 mmol/L,P=0.042)and serous calcium(2.32±0.13 versus 2.41±0.10 mmol/L,P=0.006)were lower on admission.Arterial blood gas results showed hypoxemia and respiratory alkalosis on admission.Conclusions In the present research,men were more susceptible to HAPE than women,and in the process of HAPE,the lesions of the right lung were more serious than those of the left lung.Some indicators of routine blood test and blood biochemistry of HAPE patients changed.
基金supported by State Key Laboratory of Earthquake Dynamics,China
文摘In order to improve our understanding of rock fracture and fault instability driven by high-pressure fluid sources, the authors carried out rock fracture tests using granite under a confining pressure of 80 MPa with fluid injection in the laboratory. Furthermore, we tested a number of numerical models using the FLAC^(3D) modeling software to find the best model to represent the experimental results. The high-speed multichannel acoustic emission(AE) waveform recording system used in this study made it possible to examine the total fracture process through detailed monitoring of AE hypocenters and seismic velocity.The experimental results show that injecting high-pressure oil into the rock sample can induce AE activity at very low stress levels and can dramatically reduce the strength of the rock. The results of the numerical simulations show that major experimental results, including the strength, the temporal and spatial patterns of the AE events, and the role of the fluid can be represented fairly well by a model involving(1) randomly distributed defect elements to model pre-existing cracks,(2) random modification of rock properties to represent inhomogeneity introduced by different mineral grains, and(3)macroscopic inhomogeneity. Our study, which incorporates laboratory experiments and numerical simulations, indicates that such an approach is helpful in finding a better model not only for simulating experimental results but also for upscaling purposes.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.U1865205).
文摘Intrinsic radiation of materials is one of the major backgrounds for many rare-event search experiments.Thus,the production of pure materials in an underground laboratory is a promising approach for eliminating cosmogenic radionuclides.In this paper,we demonstrate a procedure to evaluate the yields of cosmogenic radionuclides in copper and germanium in the second phase of the China Jinping Underground Laboratory.Our results show that for copper and germanium materials,the largest cosmogenic background comes from 3 H and57,58,60Co,and 3 H and 68Ge,respectively,which all have yields on the order of 10-7 kg-1 day-1.The corresponding radioactivities after 90 days pf exposure underground are estimated to be lower than 10-6μBq kg-1.
基金China Atomic Energy Authority is thanked for its financial support for this project.The authors would like to acknowledge China Railway Engineering Equipment Group Co.,Ltd.,China Railway Construction Heavy Industry Co.,Ltd.,Herrenknecht AG,China Railway 18th Bureau Group Co.,Ltd.,China Railway Tunnel Group Co.,Ltd.,and Liaoning Censcience Industry Co.,Ltd.for their technical support on this research.The valuable comments by two reviewers are appreciated as well.
文摘Underground research laboratory(URL)plays an important role in safe disposal of high-level radioactive waste(HLW).At present,the Xinchang site,located in Gansu Province of China,has been selected as the final site for China’s first URL,named Beishan URL.For this,a preliminary design of the Beishan URL has been proposed,including one spiral ramp,three shafts and two experimental levels.With advantages of fast advancing and limited disturbance to surrounding rock mass,the tunnel boring machine(TBM)method could be one of the excavation methods considered for the URL ramp.This paper introduces the feasibility study on using TBM to excavation of the Beishan URL ramp.The technical challenges for using TBM in Beishan URL are identified on the base of geological condition and specific layout of the spiral ramp.Then,the technical feasibility study on the specific issues,i.e.extremely hard rock mass,high abrasiveness,TBM operation,muck transportation,water drainage and material transportation,is investigated.This study demonstrates that TBM technology is a feasible method for the Beishan URL excavation.The results can also provide a reference for the design and construction of HLW disposal engineering in similar geological conditions.2020 Institute of Rock and Soil Mechanics,Chinese Academy of Sciences.Production and hosting by Elsevier B.V.This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license(http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/).
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 41571004)National Program on Key Research Project of China (Grant No. 2016YFC0802206)
文摘Seismic surges and landslides are both major secondary mountain hazards during an earthquake. This paper investigates earthquake-and landslide-induced composite surges through largescale shaking table water tank model experiments. A series of tests were conducted for various initial water depths, peak ground accelerations, slide impact velocities, and slide volumes. Based on the results of the tests, the effects of these parameters on the maximum wave heights of the earthquake-and landslide-induced composite surges were analyzed. An amplification coefficient of seismic surges was defined, and the prediction equation for the amplification coefficient was developed through nondimensional multiple linear regression analysis. Then, an empirical equation for the maximum wave heights of the composite surges was developed based on the amplification coefficient and Demirel's method. This equation provides a calculation method for earthquake-and landslide-induced composite surge waves.
