Recent studies show that shifting cultivation in Tanzania has transformed into more intensive farming practices. One of the drivers of this shift is the implementation of policies that favor sedentary farming. However...Recent studies show that shifting cultivation in Tanzania has transformed into more intensive farming practices. One of the drivers of this shift is the implementation of policies that favor sedentary farming. However, there is inadequate information on how this transformation operates at the village level. Based on a case study of one village in Central Tanzania, this study demonstrates that the village land use plan is the primary policy tool for the transformation and intensification of shifting cultivation at the village level. Through the land use planning process, land is allocated only for lawful uses such as settlement, permanent cultivation, and the village forest reserve. No land is designated for shifting cultivation. Additionally, the land use plans are accompanied by by-laws that restrict shifting cultivation practices, such as the use of fire during land preparation and leaving the land fallow for more than 3 years. The intensification of shifting cultivation was not associated with an increase in the use of farm inputs such as improved seeds, fertilizer, or irrigation, as is commonly practiced in sustainable intensive agriculture. Instead, it was associated with the adoption of short fallow farming systems and labor-intensive land preparation methods, such as deep plowing to loosen the soil and sub-soiling vegetation.展开更多
Land fallow is of great significance for undertaking land reclamation, safeguarding national food security, promoting environmental improvements and ensuring the sustainable use of land resources. This paper reviews t...Land fallow is of great significance for undertaking land reclamation, safeguarding national food security, promoting environmental improvements and ensuring the sustainable use of land resources. This paper reviews the important achievements in three areas of research on the land fallow system. It reviews and compares the land fallow system in different countries and regions of the world; it examines the response of farmers to the land fallow system and ecological environment; and it looks at the economic effects of the land fallow system. Based on Chi- na＇s rotation system for cultivated land, some relevant policy implications are put forward. Based on the different degrees of land damage, the evaluation system and the subsidy accounting standard for fallow land are formulated, and the compulsory fallow and voluntary participation of the niche fallow are targeting. The land fallow system should improve both the regulatory and the restraint mechanisms, improve the environmental awareness and en- vironmental protection skills of farmers, change the production behaviors of farmers, and encourage farmers to change to high coverage crops to protect the land. In view of the negative effects produced by implementation of the fallow system should take corresponding management and compensation measures.展开更多
One of the aims of the recently initiated land fallow policy is to encourage winter wheat abandonment in order to recover the groundwater environment of the North China Plain (NCP);although this also threatens a natio...One of the aims of the recently initiated land fallow policy is to encourage winter wheat abandonment in order to recover the groundwater environment of the North China Plain (NCP);although this also threatens a national secure supply of this crop,as the NCP is the major wheat producing area in China.It is therefore necessary to consider regional wheat reallocation in order to meet the twin challenges of production and water conservation.An evaluation of spatiotemporal changes in wheat area and production across China in recent years may shed light on the regions that have the potential for reallocation;such trends are analyzed in this study using agricultural statistical data.Three over-arching principles are proposed that reallocation must be naturally suitable,economically feasible,and socially acceptable,and together with the result of the spatiotemporal analysis,two continuous areas are recommended as potentially suitable for wheat reallocation-alongside the Huai River and the cold region of northeastern China.We also present strategies to improve wheat yields as well as policies for farmers,aiming to encourage the reallocation of wheat to the regions highlighted in this study.展开更多
Implementing the rural revitalization strategy is an important decision-making arrangement made by the party s 19th National Congress,and is the general grasp of the work of"agriculture,rural areas and farmers&qu...Implementing the rural revitalization strategy is an important decision-making arrangement made by the party s 19th National Congress,and is the general grasp of the work of"agriculture,rural areas and farmers"in the new era.In rural development,the issue of cultivated land is an important way to promote poverty alleviation in the vast rural areas and build a well-off society in an all-round way.In combination with the fact that the current quality of cultivated land resources in China is not high and the basic fertility has been continuously declining caused due to pollution,China must promote a scientific and rational system of arable land fallow to ensure the further development of agricultural modernization in China.In the process of researching the implementation of the arable land fallow system,the problems of land abandonment and"non-agriculturalization"after farmland fallow,the willingness of farmers to fallow and the subsidy for farmland fallow have been discovered.In response to the problems above,corresponding policy recommendations are put forward in order to better promote the process of arable land fallow and poverty alleviation in China.展开更多
文摘Recent studies show that shifting cultivation in Tanzania has transformed into more intensive farming practices. One of the drivers of this shift is the implementation of policies that favor sedentary farming. However, there is inadequate information on how this transformation operates at the village level. Based on a case study of one village in Central Tanzania, this study demonstrates that the village land use plan is the primary policy tool for the transformation and intensification of shifting cultivation at the village level. Through the land use planning process, land is allocated only for lawful uses such as settlement, permanent cultivation, and the village forest reserve. No land is designated for shifting cultivation. Additionally, the land use plans are accompanied by by-laws that restrict shifting cultivation practices, such as the use of fire during land preparation and leaving the land fallow for more than 3 years. The intensification of shifting cultivation was not associated with an increase in the use of farm inputs such as improved seeds, fertilizer, or irrigation, as is commonly practiced in sustainable intensive agriculture. Instead, it was associated with the adoption of short fallow farming systems and labor-intensive land preparation methods, such as deep plowing to loosen the soil and sub-soiling vegetation.
基金Key projects of the National Social Science Fund of China(No.15AZD075)National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.41561040)+2 种基金Natural Science Foundation of Jiangxi Province(No.20143ACB21023)Technology Foundation of Jiangxi Education Department of China(No.KJLD14033&GJJ160431)Fok Ying-Tung Fund(No.141084)
文摘Land fallow is of great significance for undertaking land reclamation, safeguarding national food security, promoting environmental improvements and ensuring the sustainable use of land resources. This paper reviews the important achievements in three areas of research on the land fallow system. It reviews and compares the land fallow system in different countries and regions of the world; it examines the response of farmers to the land fallow system and ecological environment; and it looks at the economic effects of the land fallow system. Based on Chi- na＇s rotation system for cultivated land, some relevant policy implications are put forward. Based on the different degrees of land damage, the evaluation system and the subsidy accounting standard for fallow land are formulated, and the compulsory fallow and voluntary participation of the niche fallow are targeting. The land fallow system should improve both the regulatory and the restraint mechanisms, improve the environmental awareness and en- vironmental protection skills of farmers, change the production behaviors of farmers, and encourage farmers to change to high coverage crops to protect the land. In view of the negative effects produced by implementation of the fallow system should take corresponding management and compensation measures.
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China(41701092)National Key Research and Development Program of China(2016YFC0502103)National Key Basic Research and Development Program(2015CB452706)
文摘One of the aims of the recently initiated land fallow policy is to encourage winter wheat abandonment in order to recover the groundwater environment of the North China Plain (NCP);although this also threatens a national secure supply of this crop,as the NCP is the major wheat producing area in China.It is therefore necessary to consider regional wheat reallocation in order to meet the twin challenges of production and water conservation.An evaluation of spatiotemporal changes in wheat area and production across China in recent years may shed light on the regions that have the potential for reallocation;such trends are analyzed in this study using agricultural statistical data.Three over-arching principles are proposed that reallocation must be naturally suitable,economically feasible,and socially acceptable,and together with the result of the spatiotemporal analysis,two continuous areas are recommended as potentially suitable for wheat reallocation-alongside the Huai River and the cold region of northeastern China.We also present strategies to improve wheat yields as well as policies for farmers,aiming to encourage the reallocation of wheat to the regions highlighted in this study.
基金Supported by Major Project of National Social Science Fund(15ZDA020)Open-ended Fund of Yangtze River Delta Economics and Social Development Research Center(CJKF-2017-06)Social Science Research Project of Yangtze University(YS2018027)
文摘Implementing the rural revitalization strategy is an important decision-making arrangement made by the party s 19th National Congress,and is the general grasp of the work of"agriculture,rural areas and farmers"in the new era.In rural development,the issue of cultivated land is an important way to promote poverty alleviation in the vast rural areas and build a well-off society in an all-round way.In combination with the fact that the current quality of cultivated land resources in China is not high and the basic fertility has been continuously declining caused due to pollution,China must promote a scientific and rational system of arable land fallow to ensure the further development of agricultural modernization in China.In the process of researching the implementation of the arable land fallow system,the problems of land abandonment and"non-agriculturalization"after farmland fallow,the willingness of farmers to fallow and the subsidy for farmland fallow have been discovered.In response to the problems above,corresponding policy recommendations are put forward in order to better promote the process of arable land fallow and poverty alleviation in China.
