The replacement of Lingnan Taoist Zuting Temples from Lingbao Sect to Quanzhen Sect in the Qing Dynasty has led to the change of the layout of Taoist temples on Luofu Mountain. Through literature review, field researc...The replacement of Lingnan Taoist Zuting Temples from Lingbao Sect to Quanzhen Sect in the Qing Dynasty has led to the change of the layout of Taoist temples on Luofu Mountain. Through literature review, field research, image comparison and other research methods, the paper explores how the layout of the Taoist temples on Luofu Mountain evolved from the Four Taoist Temples in the Gehong period to the Five Taoist Temples in the Qing Dynasty under the influence of different Taoist ideologies, aiming to explore the cultural implications of the evolution of the layout of Lingnan Taoism Zuting Temple in the Qing Dynasty.展开更多
Large cavity structures are widely employed in aerospace engineering, such as thin-walled cylinders, blades andwings. Enhancing performance of aerial vehicles while reducing manufacturing costs and fuel consumptionhas...Large cavity structures are widely employed in aerospace engineering, such as thin-walled cylinders, blades andwings. Enhancing performance of aerial vehicles while reducing manufacturing costs and fuel consumptionhas become a focal point for contemporary researchers. Therefore, this paper aims to investigate the topologyoptimization of large cavity structures as a means to enhance their performance, safety, and efficiency. By usingthe variable density method, lightweight design is achieved without compromising structural strength. Theoptimization model considers both concentrated and distributed loads, and utilizes techniques like sensitivityfiltering and projection to obtain a robust optimized configuration. The mechanical properties are checked bycomparing the stress distribution and displacement of the unoptimized and optimized structures under the sameload. The results confirm that the optimized structures exhibit improved mechanical properties, thus offering keyinsights for engineering lightweight, high-strength large cavity structures.展开更多
Based on output-oriented education,the OBE(Outcome-Based Education)concept integrates local red culture into the ideological and political course of environmental disciplines,and is an important part of training appli...Based on output-oriented education,the OBE(Outcome-Based Education)concept integrates local red culture into the ideological and political course of environmental disciplines,and is an important part of training applied talents of environmental disciplines in the new era.This educational model makes an innovation on the traditional educational and teaching concepts and centers on students.This paper analyzes the value of integrating local red culture into the ideological and political course under the OBE concept,and puts forward an effective implementation path.展开更多
There is a growing global awareness of environmental,social,and governance(ESG)concerns.The biopharmaceutical industry is an important field that affects human health and well-being,and its sustainable development is ...There is a growing global awareness of environmental,social,and governance(ESG)concerns.The biopharmaceutical industry is an important field that affects human health and well-being,and its sustainable development is now the industry’s focus.Based on the current state of the green development of China’s biopharmaceutical industry,the article proposes suggestions and paths for promoting the industry to better fulfill its social responsibilities and protect the environment while pursuing economic benefits.By doing so,the industry can make a greater contribution to global public health and become an important factor in promoting human health and social prosperity.展开更多
Thoracic spine fracture is a common orthopedic injury that is usually caused by external forces acting directly on or transmitted to the thoracic spine through other parts of the spine.Thoracic spine fractures can be ...Thoracic spine fracture is a common orthopedic injury that is usually caused by external forces acting directly on or transmitted to the thoracic spine through other parts of the spine.Thoracic spine fractures can be divided into two types:stable and unstable.An unstable fracture means that the relationship between the vertebral bodies is no longer stable,which may cause serious consequences such as spinal compression,nerve root compression,or spinal cord injury.Surgical treatment is often needed for patients with unstable fractures,nerve root compression,or spinal cord injury to restore stability and function to the thoracic spine.The probability of complications after thoracolumbar fracture surgery is high,which affects the outcome of surgical treatment.To improve postoperative rehabilitation outcomes,this article analyzed the value of nursing care based on the enhanced recovery after surgery(ERAS)concept for patients undergoing thoracolumbar fracture surgery.展开更多
The Outcome-Based Education(OBE)educational concept,proposed by renowned American educator Spady,aims to guide students in mastering learning laws and ultimately achieving expected learning outcomes.The application of...The Outcome-Based Education(OBE)educational concept,proposed by renowned American educator Spady,aims to guide students in mastering learning laws and ultimately achieving expected learning outcomes.The application of OBE educational concept in Hospitality English curriculum not only can effectively enhance the learning effect but also promote the reform of the Hospitality English curriculum,thus improving students’learning enthusiasm.Therefore,taking the Hospitality English curriculum as an example,this paper points out the existing problems in the teaching of this course and suggests the reform measures based on the OBE teaching concept,hoping to provide guidelines for related educational work.展开更多
Taizhou is an economically-developed port city on the golden coastline of China, characterized by typical coastal and combined green cores, mountains and waters, and special plants. This paper analyzed natural conditi...Taizhou is an economically-developed port city on the golden coastline of China, characterized by typical coastal and combined green cores, mountains and waters, and special plants. This paper analyzed natural conditions and city features of Taizhou, assessed current construction of local urban forests, and proposed pertinent construction concepts in view of diversifi ed needs of urban development on forest construction. On the basis of the city development, principles of urban forest layout were put forward, and the overall structure of "one core, one belt, two rings, three corridors, four groups, fi ve windows, and multiple bases" was given for the construction of urban forest in coastal landscape cities, in addition, the effect and feasibility of the layout were analyzed.展开更多
A document layout can be more informative than merely a document’s visual and structural appearance.Thus,document layout analysis(DLA)is considered a necessary prerequisite for advanced processing and detailed docume...A document layout can be more informative than merely a document’s visual and structural appearance.Thus,document layout analysis(DLA)is considered a necessary prerequisite for advanced processing and detailed document image analysis to be further used in several applications and different objectives.This research extends the traditional approaches of DLA and introduces the concept of semantic document layout analysis(SDLA)by proposing a novel framework for semantic layout analysis and characterization of handwritten manuscripts.The proposed SDLA approach enables the derivation of implicit information and semantic characteristics,which can be effectively utilized in dozens of practical applications for various purposes,in a way bridging the semantic gap and providingmore understandable high-level document image analysis and more invariant characterization via absolute and relative labeling.This approach is validated and evaluated on a large dataset ofArabic handwrittenmanuscripts comprising complex layouts.The experimental work shows promising results in terms of accurate and effective semantic characteristic-based clustering and retrieval of handwritten manuscripts.It also indicates the expected efficacy of using the capabilities of the proposed approach in automating and facilitating many functional,reallife tasks such as effort estimation and pricing of transcription or typing of such complex manuscripts.展开更多
The spacecraequipment layout optimization design(SELOD)problems with complicated performance con-straints and diversity are studied in this paper.The previous literature uses the gradient-based algorithm to obtain op...The spacecraequipment layout optimization design(SELOD)problems with complicated performance con-straints and diversity are studied in this paper.The previous literature uses the gradient-based algorithm to obtain optimized non-overlap layout schemes from randomly initialized cases eectively.However,these local optimal solutions are too dicult to jump out of their current relative geometry relationships,signicantly limiting their further improvement in performance indicators.Therefore,considering the geometric diversity of layout schemes is put forward to alleviate this limitation.First,similarity measures,including modied cosine similarity and gaussian kernel function similarity,are introduced into the layout optimization process.Then the optimization produces a set of feasible layout candidates with the most remarkable dierence in geometric distribution and the most representative schemes are sampled.Finally,these feasible geometric solutions are used as initial solutions to optimize the physical performance indicators of the spacecra,and diversied layout schemes of spacecraequipment are generated for the engineering practice.The validity and eectiveness of the proposed methodology are demonstrated by two SELOD applications.展开更多
Concept drift is a main security issue that has to be resolved since it presents a significant barrier to the deployment of machine learning(ML)models.Due to attackers’(and/or benign equivalents’)dynamic behavior ch...Concept drift is a main security issue that has to be resolved since it presents a significant barrier to the deployment of machine learning(ML)models.Due to attackers’(and/or benign equivalents’)dynamic behavior changes,testing data distribution frequently diverges from original training data over time,resulting in substantial model failures.Due to their dispersed and dynamic nature,distributed denial-of-service attacks pose a danger to cybersecurity,resulting in attacks with serious consequences for users and businesses.This paper proposes a novel design for concept drift analysis and detection of malware attacks like Distributed Denial of Service(DDOS)in the network.The goal of this architecture combination is to accurately represent data and create an effective cyber security prediction agent.The intrusion detection system and concept drift of the network has been analyzed using secure adaptive windowing with website data authentication protocol(SAW_WDA).The network has been analyzed by authentication protocol to avoid malware attacks.The data of network users will be collected and classified using multilayer perceptron gradient decision tree(MLPGDT)classifiers.Based on the classification output,the decision for the detection of attackers and authorized users will be identified.The experimental results show output based on intrusion detection and concept drift analysis systems in terms of throughput,end-end delay,network security,network concept drift,and results based on classification with regard to accuracy,memory,and precision and F-1 score.展开更多
The meta-heuristic algorithm is a global probabilistic search algorithm for the iterative solution.It has good performance in global optimization fields such as maximization.In this paper,a new adaptive parameter stra...The meta-heuristic algorithm is a global probabilistic search algorithm for the iterative solution.It has good performance in global optimization fields such as maximization.In this paper,a new adaptive parameter strategy and a parallel communication strategy are proposed to further improve the Cuckoo Search(CS)algorithm.This strategy greatly improves the convergence speed and accuracy of the algorithm and strengthens the algorithm’s ability to jump out of the local optimal.This paper compares the optimization performance of Parallel Adaptive Cuckoo Search(PACS)with CS,Parallel Cuckoo Search(PCS),Particle Swarm Optimization(PSO),Sine Cosine Algorithm(SCA),Grey Wolf Optimizer(GWO),Whale Optimization Algorithm(WOA),Differential Evolution(DE)and Artificial Bee Colony(ABC)algorithms by using the CEC-2013 test function.The results show that PACS algorithmoutperforms other algorithms in 20 of 28 test functions.Due to the superior performance of PACS algorithm,this paper uses it to solve the problem of the rectangular layout.Experimental results show that this scheme has a significant effect,and the material utilization rate is improved from89.5%to 97.8%after optimization.展开更多
Every application in a smart city environment like the smart grid,health monitoring, security, and surveillance generates non-stationary datastreams. Due to such nature, the statistical properties of data changes over...Every application in a smart city environment like the smart grid,health monitoring, security, and surveillance generates non-stationary datastreams. Due to such nature, the statistical properties of data changes overtime, leading to class imbalance and concept drift issues. Both these issuescause model performance degradation. Most of the current work has beenfocused on developing an ensemble strategy by training a new classifier on thelatest data to resolve the issue. These techniques suffer while training the newclassifier if the data is imbalanced. Also, the class imbalance ratio may changegreatly from one input stream to another, making the problem more complex.The existing solutions proposed for addressing the combined issue of classimbalance and concept drift are lacking in understating of correlation of oneproblem with the other. This work studies the association between conceptdrift and class imbalance ratio and then demonstrates how changes in classimbalance ratio along with concept drift affect the classifier’s performance.We analyzed the effect of both the issues on minority and majority classesindividually. To do this, we conducted experiments on benchmark datasetsusing state-of-the-art classifiers especially designed for data stream classification.Precision, recall, F1 score, and geometric mean were used to measure theperformance. Our findings show that when both class imbalance and conceptdrift problems occur together the performance can decrease up to 15%. Ourresults also show that the increase in the imbalance ratio can cause a 10% to15% decrease in the precision scores of both minority and majority classes.The study findings may help in designing intelligent and adaptive solutionsthat can cope with the challenges of non-stationary data streams like conceptdrift and class imbalance.展开更多
A recent study demonstrated that in small-scale prepolarized surface nuclear magnetic resonance(SNMR-PP)measurements with a footprint of a few square meters,customized PP switch-off ramps can serve as an efficient exc...A recent study demonstrated that in small-scale prepolarized surface nuclear magnetic resonance(SNMR-PP)measurements with a footprint of a few square meters,customized PP switch-off ramps can serve as an efficient excitation mechanism,eliminating the requirement for a conventional oscillating excitation pulse.This approach enables the detection of short relaxation signals from the unsaturated soil zone and can,therefore,be used to directly provide soil moisture and pore geometry information.Because ultimately such small-scale SNMR-PP setups are intended for a mobile application,it is necessary to develop strategies that allow for speedy measurement progress and do not require noise cancellation protocols based on reference stations.Hence,we developed a new concentric figure-of-eight(cFOE)loop layout that combines the direction independence of a circular loop with the intrinsic noise cancellation properties of a classical FOE-loop.This approach significantly decreases the measurement time because suitable signal-to-noise ratios are reached much faster compared to a classical circular loop and will bring us one step further toward fast and non-invasive soil moisture mapping applications.展开更多
With this work, we introduce a novel method for the unsupervised learning of conceptual hierarchies, or concept maps as they are sometimes called, which is aimed specifically for use with literary texts, as such disti...With this work, we introduce a novel method for the unsupervised learning of conceptual hierarchies, or concept maps as they are sometimes called, which is aimed specifically for use with literary texts, as such distinguishing itself from the majority of research literature on the topic which is primarily focused on building ontologies from a vast array of different types of data sources, both structured and unstructured, to support various forms of AI, in particular, the Semantic Web as envisioned by Tim Berners-Lee. We first elaborate on mutually informing disciplines of philosophy and computer science, or more specifically the relationship between metaphysics, epistemology, ontology, computing and AI, followed by a technically in-depth discussion of DEBRA, our dependency tree based concept hierarchy constructor, which as its name alludes to, constructs a conceptual map in the form of a directed graph which illustrates the concepts, their respective relations, and the implied ontological structure of the concepts as encoded in the text, decoded with standard Python NLP libraries such as spaCy and NLTK. With this work we hope to both augment the Knowledge Representation literature with opportunities for intellectual advancement in AI with more intuitive, less analytical, and well-known forms of knowledge representation from the cognitive science community, as well as open up new areas of research between Computer Science and the Humanities with respect to the application of the latest in NLP tools and techniques upon literature of cultural significance, shedding light on existing methods of computation with respect to documents in semantic space that effectively allows for, at the very least, the comparison and evolution of texts through time, using vector space math.展开更多
Objective:To explore the concept of radiation dermatitis wet healing through a literature review and provide references for future treatment of patients with radiation skin injury.Methods:Related ar ticles selected fr...Objective:To explore the concept of radiation dermatitis wet healing through a literature review and provide references for future treatment of patients with radiation skin injury.Methods:Related ar ticles selected from China National Knowledge Infrastructure(CNKI),Wanfang Database,Pub Med,Web of Science,Medline,and EBSCO were analyzed with Rodger’s concept analysis.Results:We identified the application status of wet healing in domestic and foreign literature,defined explicit attributes of the procedure,and clarified concepts related to wet healing of radiation skin injury to provide a reference for the management of radiation dermatitis with wet healing.Conclusions:Treatment of radiation dermatitis with wet healing is a unique procedure.Analyzing this concept can contribute to its development in the future and can offer a theoretical basis for treatment of patients with radiation skin injury.展开更多
Frailty is a recession of age-related reserves caused by a variety of causes and is becoming the most important clinical syndrome that affects the health of the elderly.In the elderly,frailty and cognitive dysfunction...Frailty is a recession of age-related reserves caused by a variety of causes and is becoming the most important clinical syndrome that affects the health of the elderly.In the elderly,frailty and cognitive dysfunction often exist,and some people have proposed cognitive frailty.Cognitive frailty is an elderly syndrome that increases the risk of dementia,in the same time,and can independently predict the adverse health outcomes of the patient and affect the quality of the patient's survival.This paper,under the guidance of Walker and Avant method,provides theoretical basis for early recognition and intervention of cognitive weakness in the elderly.展开更多
Driven by the concept of landscaping,this paper analyzed the impact of plant diversity on landscaping function,arrangement methods and community structure by taking plot sampling method as the experimental axis and 3 ...Driven by the concept of landscaping,this paper analyzed the impact of plant diversity on landscaping function,arrangement methods and community structure by taking plot sampling method as the experimental axis and 3 urban parks in Hefei as the blueprint.Six plots with the size of 20 m×20 m were selected for investigation.There were 56 species of plants belonging to 50 genera and 42 families in the plots of Zhongshan Road City Park,48 species of plants belonging to 44 genera and 40 families in the plots of Four Seasons Flower Sea City Park,and 69 species of plants belonging to 57 genera and 45 families in the plots of Xiaoyaojin Park.The survey results show that there are following problems in city parks:lack of plant effectiveness,too homogeneous plant community,disharmony between landscape and environment,poor plant maintenance and lack of attention to ecological maintenance.Based on this,the optimization measures are put forward:increasing evergreen plants to avoid no scenery in autumn,developing plants with excellent landscape effects and a variety of colorful plants,paying attention to the shaping of spatial structure and landscape pattern,regularly taking care of plants and their surrounding environment.It is expected to provide some reference for the construction and development of Hefei city parks,ensure the healthy and stable development of city parks,and provide ideas and methods for the improvement of plant landscaping in city parks.展开更多
Under the background of New Engineering,focusing on talent cultivation,this article explores the teaching reform and innovation of software engineering majors.Starting from the goal of cultivating software engineering...Under the background of New Engineering,focusing on talent cultivation,this article explores the teaching reform and innovation of software engineering majors.Starting from the goal of cultivating software engineering talents in the context of New Engineering,the concept of outcome-based education is introduced to study and explore the construction of innovative talent training models for software engineering majors in universities.Through recent years’application practice,initial results have been achieved,which can provide feasible methods and ideas for the cultivation of innovative talents in other majors.展开更多
Wind energy has been widely applied in power generation to alleviate climate problems.The wind turbine layout of a wind farm is a primary factor of impacting power conversion efficiency due to the wake effect that red...Wind energy has been widely applied in power generation to alleviate climate problems.The wind turbine layout of a wind farm is a primary factor of impacting power conversion efficiency due to the wake effect that reduces the power outputs of wind turbines located in downstream.Wind farm layout optimization(WFLO)aims to reduce the wake effect for maximizing the power outputs of the wind farm.Nevertheless,the wake effect among wind turbines increases significantly as the number of wind turbines increases in the wind farm,which severely affect power conversion efficiency.Conventional heuristic algorithms suffer from issues of low solution quality and local optimum for large-scale WFLO under complex wind scenarios.Thus,a chaotic local search-based genetic learning particle swarm optimizer(CGPSO)is proposed to optimize large-scale WFLO problems.CGPSO is tested on four larger-scale wind farms under four complex wind scenarios and compares with eight state-of-the-art algorithms.The experiment results indicate that CGPSO significantly outperforms its competitors in terms of performance,stability,and robustness.To be specific,a success and failure memories-based selection is proposed to choose a chaotic map for chaotic search local.It improves the solution quality.The parameter and search pattern of chaotic local search are also analyzed for WFLO problems.展开更多
Our reconstructions of folk concepts are often influenced by the metaphysical and epistemological doctrines we are committed to.Surprisingly enough,this influence is rarely recognized in definitional debates and has b...Our reconstructions of folk concepts are often influenced by the metaphysical and epistemological doctrines we are committed to.Surprisingly enough,this influence is rarely recognized in definitional debates and has been mostly overlooked in the literature on philosophical definitions.It is frequent for philosophers to act as if only evidential support(for example,our intuitions across real and hypothetical cases)should be considered when choosing between competing reconstructions.This programmatic paper analyzes the interplay between philosophical commitments and evidence in the reconstruction of folk concepts.It also clarifies the precise manner in which metaphysical and epistemological doctrines influence philosophical definitions,why the incidence of metaphysical and epistemological doctrines is rarely recognized,and why theoretically motivated definitions should not be assimilated to the two major forms of definitions recognized in the relevant literature(descriptive and revisionary).展开更多
文摘The replacement of Lingnan Taoist Zuting Temples from Lingbao Sect to Quanzhen Sect in the Qing Dynasty has led to the change of the layout of Taoist temples on Luofu Mountain. Through literature review, field research, image comparison and other research methods, the paper explores how the layout of the Taoist temples on Luofu Mountain evolved from the Four Taoist Temples in the Gehong period to the Five Taoist Temples in the Qing Dynasty under the influence of different Taoist ideologies, aiming to explore the cultural implications of the evolution of the layout of Lingnan Taoism Zuting Temple in the Qing Dynasty.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China and the Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province.It was also supported in part by Young Elite Scientists Sponsorship Program by CAST.
文摘Large cavity structures are widely employed in aerospace engineering, such as thin-walled cylinders, blades andwings. Enhancing performance of aerial vehicles while reducing manufacturing costs and fuel consumptionhas become a focal point for contemporary researchers. Therefore, this paper aims to investigate the topologyoptimization of large cavity structures as a means to enhance their performance, safety, and efficiency. By usingthe variable density method, lightweight design is achieved without compromising structural strength. Theoptimization model considers both concentrated and distributed loads, and utilizes techniques like sensitivityfiltering and projection to obtain a robust optimized configuration. The mechanical properties are checked bycomparing the stress distribution and displacement of the unoptimized and optimized structures under the sameload. The results confirm that the optimized structures exhibit improved mechanical properties, thus offering keyinsights for engineering lightweight, high-strength large cavity structures.
基金Supported by Teaching Content and Curriculum System Reform Project of Guizhou Province in 2022(GZJG20220776)Natural Science Research Project of Guizhou Provincial Department of Education(Qianjiaoji[2022]No.067)+1 种基金Research Center for Revolutionary Spirit and Cultural Resources of the Communist Party of China,Zunyi Normal University,Key Research Base of Humanities and Social Sciences,Ministry of Education(22KRIZYPY12)Teaching Content and Curriculum System Reform and Cultivation Project of Zunyi Normal University in 2022(JGPY2022001).
文摘Based on output-oriented education,the OBE(Outcome-Based Education)concept integrates local red culture into the ideological and political course of environmental disciplines,and is an important part of training applied talents of environmental disciplines in the new era.This educational model makes an innovation on the traditional educational and teaching concepts and centers on students.This paper analyzes the value of integrating local red culture into the ideological and political course under the OBE concept,and puts forward an effective implementation path.
文摘There is a growing global awareness of environmental,social,and governance(ESG)concerns.The biopharmaceutical industry is an important field that affects human health and well-being,and its sustainable development is now the industry’s focus.Based on the current state of the green development of China’s biopharmaceutical industry,the article proposes suggestions and paths for promoting the industry to better fulfill its social responsibilities and protect the environment while pursuing economic benefits.By doing so,the industry can make a greater contribution to global public health and become an important factor in promoting human health and social prosperity.
文摘Thoracic spine fracture is a common orthopedic injury that is usually caused by external forces acting directly on or transmitted to the thoracic spine through other parts of the spine.Thoracic spine fractures can be divided into two types:stable and unstable.An unstable fracture means that the relationship between the vertebral bodies is no longer stable,which may cause serious consequences such as spinal compression,nerve root compression,or spinal cord injury.Surgical treatment is often needed for patients with unstable fractures,nerve root compression,or spinal cord injury to restore stability and function to the thoracic spine.The probability of complications after thoracolumbar fracture surgery is high,which affects the outcome of surgical treatment.To improve postoperative rehabilitation outcomes,this article analyzed the value of nursing care based on the enhanced recovery after surgery(ERAS)concept for patients undergoing thoracolumbar fracture surgery.
基金This article is a research result of the key project of teaching reform in higher vocational education in Heilongjiang Province,“Research on the Construction and Practice of English Major Courses in the Integrated Training Model for Middle and High-Level Vocational Education under the OBE Perspective”(Project number:SJGZZ20220035).
文摘The Outcome-Based Education(OBE)educational concept,proposed by renowned American educator Spady,aims to guide students in mastering learning laws and ultimately achieving expected learning outcomes.The application of OBE educational concept in Hospitality English curriculum not only can effectively enhance the learning effect but also promote the reform of the Hospitality English curriculum,thus improving students’learning enthusiasm.Therefore,taking the Hospitality English curriculum as an example,this paper points out the existing problems in the teaching of this course and suggests the reform measures based on the OBE teaching concept,hoping to provide guidelines for related educational work.
文摘Taizhou is an economically-developed port city on the golden coastline of China, characterized by typical coastal and combined green cores, mountains and waters, and special plants. This paper analyzed natural conditions and city features of Taizhou, assessed current construction of local urban forests, and proposed pertinent construction concepts in view of diversifi ed needs of urban development on forest construction. On the basis of the city development, principles of urban forest layout were put forward, and the overall structure of "one core, one belt, two rings, three corridors, four groups, fi ve windows, and multiple bases" was given for the construction of urban forest in coastal landscape cities, in addition, the effect and feasibility of the layout were analyzed.
基金This research was supported and funded by KAU Scientific Endowment,King Abdulaziz University,Jeddah,Saudi Arabia.
文摘A document layout can be more informative than merely a document’s visual and structural appearance.Thus,document layout analysis(DLA)is considered a necessary prerequisite for advanced processing and detailed document image analysis to be further used in several applications and different objectives.This research extends the traditional approaches of DLA and introduces the concept of semantic document layout analysis(SDLA)by proposing a novel framework for semantic layout analysis and characterization of handwritten manuscripts.The proposed SDLA approach enables the derivation of implicit information and semantic characteristics,which can be effectively utilized in dozens of practical applications for various purposes,in a way bridging the semantic gap and providingmore understandable high-level document image analysis and more invariant characterization via absolute and relative labeling.This approach is validated and evaluated on a large dataset ofArabic handwrittenmanuscripts comprising complex layouts.The experimental work shows promising results in terms of accurate and effective semantic characteristic-based clustering and retrieval of handwritten manuscripts.It also indicates the expected efficacy of using the capabilities of the proposed approach in automating and facilitating many functional,reallife tasks such as effort estimation and pricing of transcription or typing of such complex manuscripts.
基金supported by Aerospace Frontier Inspiration Project (Grant No.KY0505072113) from College of Aerospace Science and Engineering,NUDT,which are gratefully acknowledged by the authors.
文摘The spacecraequipment layout optimization design(SELOD)problems with complicated performance con-straints and diversity are studied in this paper.The previous literature uses the gradient-based algorithm to obtain optimized non-overlap layout schemes from randomly initialized cases eectively.However,these local optimal solutions are too dicult to jump out of their current relative geometry relationships,signicantly limiting their further improvement in performance indicators.Therefore,considering the geometric diversity of layout schemes is put forward to alleviate this limitation.First,similarity measures,including modied cosine similarity and gaussian kernel function similarity,are introduced into the layout optimization process.Then the optimization produces a set of feasible layout candidates with the most remarkable dierence in geometric distribution and the most representative schemes are sampled.Finally,these feasible geometric solutions are used as initial solutions to optimize the physical performance indicators of the spacecra,and diversied layout schemes of spacecraequipment are generated for the engineering practice.The validity and eectiveness of the proposed methodology are demonstrated by two SELOD applications.
基金The Taif University Deanship of Scientific Research supported this endeavor(Project Number:1-443-4)for which the authors are grateful to Taif University for their kind support.
文摘Concept drift is a main security issue that has to be resolved since it presents a significant barrier to the deployment of machine learning(ML)models.Due to attackers’(and/or benign equivalents’)dynamic behavior changes,testing data distribution frequently diverges from original training data over time,resulting in substantial model failures.Due to their dispersed and dynamic nature,distributed denial-of-service attacks pose a danger to cybersecurity,resulting in attacks with serious consequences for users and businesses.This paper proposes a novel design for concept drift analysis and detection of malware attacks like Distributed Denial of Service(DDOS)in the network.The goal of this architecture combination is to accurately represent data and create an effective cyber security prediction agent.The intrusion detection system and concept drift of the network has been analyzed using secure adaptive windowing with website data authentication protocol(SAW_WDA).The network has been analyzed by authentication protocol to avoid malware attacks.The data of network users will be collected and classified using multilayer perceptron gradient decision tree(MLPGDT)classifiers.Based on the classification output,the decision for the detection of attackers and authorized users will be identified.The experimental results show output based on intrusion detection and concept drift analysis systems in terms of throughput,end-end delay,network security,network concept drift,and results based on classification with regard to accuracy,memory,and precision and F-1 score.
基金funded by the NationalKey Research and Development Program of China under Grant No.11974373.
文摘The meta-heuristic algorithm is a global probabilistic search algorithm for the iterative solution.It has good performance in global optimization fields such as maximization.In this paper,a new adaptive parameter strategy and a parallel communication strategy are proposed to further improve the Cuckoo Search(CS)algorithm.This strategy greatly improves the convergence speed and accuracy of the algorithm and strengthens the algorithm’s ability to jump out of the local optimal.This paper compares the optimization performance of Parallel Adaptive Cuckoo Search(PACS)with CS,Parallel Cuckoo Search(PCS),Particle Swarm Optimization(PSO),Sine Cosine Algorithm(SCA),Grey Wolf Optimizer(GWO),Whale Optimization Algorithm(WOA),Differential Evolution(DE)and Artificial Bee Colony(ABC)algorithms by using the CEC-2013 test function.The results show that PACS algorithmoutperforms other algorithms in 20 of 28 test functions.Due to the superior performance of PACS algorithm,this paper uses it to solve the problem of the rectangular layout.Experimental results show that this scheme has a significant effect,and the material utilization rate is improved from89.5%to 97.8%after optimization.
基金The authors would like to extend their gratitude to Universiti Teknologi PETRONAS (Malaysia)for funding this research through grant number (015LA0-037).
文摘Every application in a smart city environment like the smart grid,health monitoring, security, and surveillance generates non-stationary datastreams. Due to such nature, the statistical properties of data changes overtime, leading to class imbalance and concept drift issues. Both these issuescause model performance degradation. Most of the current work has beenfocused on developing an ensemble strategy by training a new classifier on thelatest data to resolve the issue. These techniques suffer while training the newclassifier if the data is imbalanced. Also, the class imbalance ratio may changegreatly from one input stream to another, making the problem more complex.The existing solutions proposed for addressing the combined issue of classimbalance and concept drift are lacking in understating of correlation of oneproblem with the other. This work studies the association between conceptdrift and class imbalance ratio and then demonstrates how changes in classimbalance ratio along with concept drift affect the classifier’s performance.We analyzed the effect of both the issues on minority and majority classesindividually. To do this, we conducted experiments on benchmark datasetsusing state-of-the-art classifiers especially designed for data stream classification.Precision, recall, F1 score, and geometric mean were used to measure theperformance. Our findings show that when both class imbalance and conceptdrift problems occur together the performance can decrease up to 15%. Ourresults also show that the increase in the imbalance ratio can cause a 10% to15% decrease in the precision scores of both minority and majority classes.The study findings may help in designing intelligent and adaptive solutionsthat can cope with the challenges of non-stationary data streams like conceptdrift and class imbalance.
基金supported by the German Research Foundation(Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft-DFG)under grant MU 3318/4-1.
文摘A recent study demonstrated that in small-scale prepolarized surface nuclear magnetic resonance(SNMR-PP)measurements with a footprint of a few square meters,customized PP switch-off ramps can serve as an efficient excitation mechanism,eliminating the requirement for a conventional oscillating excitation pulse.This approach enables the detection of short relaxation signals from the unsaturated soil zone and can,therefore,be used to directly provide soil moisture and pore geometry information.Because ultimately such small-scale SNMR-PP setups are intended for a mobile application,it is necessary to develop strategies that allow for speedy measurement progress and do not require noise cancellation protocols based on reference stations.Hence,we developed a new concentric figure-of-eight(cFOE)loop layout that combines the direction independence of a circular loop with the intrinsic noise cancellation properties of a classical FOE-loop.This approach significantly decreases the measurement time because suitable signal-to-noise ratios are reached much faster compared to a classical circular loop and will bring us one step further toward fast and non-invasive soil moisture mapping applications.
文摘With this work, we introduce a novel method for the unsupervised learning of conceptual hierarchies, or concept maps as they are sometimes called, which is aimed specifically for use with literary texts, as such distinguishing itself from the majority of research literature on the topic which is primarily focused on building ontologies from a vast array of different types of data sources, both structured and unstructured, to support various forms of AI, in particular, the Semantic Web as envisioned by Tim Berners-Lee. We first elaborate on mutually informing disciplines of philosophy and computer science, or more specifically the relationship between metaphysics, epistemology, ontology, computing and AI, followed by a technically in-depth discussion of DEBRA, our dependency tree based concept hierarchy constructor, which as its name alludes to, constructs a conceptual map in the form of a directed graph which illustrates the concepts, their respective relations, and the implied ontological structure of the concepts as encoded in the text, decoded with standard Python NLP libraries such as spaCy and NLTK. With this work we hope to both augment the Knowledge Representation literature with opportunities for intellectual advancement in AI with more intuitive, less analytical, and well-known forms of knowledge representation from the cognitive science community, as well as open up new areas of research between Computer Science and the Humanities with respect to the application of the latest in NLP tools and techniques upon literature of cultural significance, shedding light on existing methods of computation with respect to documents in semantic space that effectively allows for, at the very least, the comparison and evolution of texts through time, using vector space math.
文摘Objective:To explore the concept of radiation dermatitis wet healing through a literature review and provide references for future treatment of patients with radiation skin injury.Methods:Related ar ticles selected from China National Knowledge Infrastructure(CNKI),Wanfang Database,Pub Med,Web of Science,Medline,and EBSCO were analyzed with Rodger’s concept analysis.Results:We identified the application status of wet healing in domestic and foreign literature,defined explicit attributes of the procedure,and clarified concepts related to wet healing of radiation skin injury to provide a reference for the management of radiation dermatitis with wet healing.Conclusions:Treatment of radiation dermatitis with wet healing is a unique procedure.Analyzing this concept can contribute to its development in the future and can offer a theoretical basis for treatment of patients with radiation skin injury.
文摘Frailty is a recession of age-related reserves caused by a variety of causes and is becoming the most important clinical syndrome that affects the health of the elderly.In the elderly,frailty and cognitive dysfunction often exist,and some people have proposed cognitive frailty.Cognitive frailty is an elderly syndrome that increases the risk of dementia,in the same time,and can independently predict the adverse health outcomes of the patient and affect the quality of the patient's survival.This paper,under the guidance of Walker and Avant method,provides theoretical basis for early recognition and intervention of cognitive weakness in the elderly.
基金Sponsored by Undergraduate Innovation Training Program Support Project of Anhui Province(S202112216139)Key Project of Scientific Research Project(Natural Science)of Colleges and Universities in Anhui Province(2022AH051861)+1 种基金Research Team Project of Anhui Xinhua University(kytd202202)Building Structure Key Laboratory Project of Colleges and Universities in Anhui Province(KLBSZD202105).
文摘Driven by the concept of landscaping,this paper analyzed the impact of plant diversity on landscaping function,arrangement methods and community structure by taking plot sampling method as the experimental axis and 3 urban parks in Hefei as the blueprint.Six plots with the size of 20 m×20 m were selected for investigation.There were 56 species of plants belonging to 50 genera and 42 families in the plots of Zhongshan Road City Park,48 species of plants belonging to 44 genera and 40 families in the plots of Four Seasons Flower Sea City Park,and 69 species of plants belonging to 57 genera and 45 families in the plots of Xiaoyaojin Park.The survey results show that there are following problems in city parks:lack of plant effectiveness,too homogeneous plant community,disharmony between landscape and environment,poor plant maintenance and lack of attention to ecological maintenance.Based on this,the optimization measures are put forward:increasing evergreen plants to avoid no scenery in autumn,developing plants with excellent landscape effects and a variety of colorful plants,paying attention to the shaping of spatial structure and landscape pattern,regularly taking care of plants and their surrounding environment.It is expected to provide some reference for the construction and development of Hefei city parks,ensure the healthy and stable development of city parks,and provide ideas and methods for the improvement of plant landscaping in city parks.
基金supported by the Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant 62171325Experimental Technology Project of Wuhan University under Grant WHU-2022-SYJS-11。
文摘Under the background of New Engineering,focusing on talent cultivation,this article explores the teaching reform and innovation of software engineering majors.Starting from the goal of cultivating software engineering talents in the context of New Engineering,the concept of outcome-based education is introduced to study and explore the construction of innovative talent training models for software engineering majors in universities.Through recent years’application practice,initial results have been achieved,which can provide feasible methods and ideas for the cultivation of innovative talents in other majors.
基金partially supported by the Japan Society for the Promotion of Science(JSPS)KAKENHI(JP22H03643)Japan Science and Technology Agency(JST)Support for Pioneering Research Initiated by the Next Generation(SPRING)(JPMJSP2145)JST through the Establishment of University Fellowships towards the Creation of Science Technology Innovation(JPMJFS2115)。
文摘Wind energy has been widely applied in power generation to alleviate climate problems.The wind turbine layout of a wind farm is a primary factor of impacting power conversion efficiency due to the wake effect that reduces the power outputs of wind turbines located in downstream.Wind farm layout optimization(WFLO)aims to reduce the wake effect for maximizing the power outputs of the wind farm.Nevertheless,the wake effect among wind turbines increases significantly as the number of wind turbines increases in the wind farm,which severely affect power conversion efficiency.Conventional heuristic algorithms suffer from issues of low solution quality and local optimum for large-scale WFLO under complex wind scenarios.Thus,a chaotic local search-based genetic learning particle swarm optimizer(CGPSO)is proposed to optimize large-scale WFLO problems.CGPSO is tested on four larger-scale wind farms under four complex wind scenarios and compares with eight state-of-the-art algorithms.The experiment results indicate that CGPSO significantly outperforms its competitors in terms of performance,stability,and robustness.To be specific,a success and failure memories-based selection is proposed to choose a chaotic map for chaotic search local.It improves the solution quality.The parameter and search pattern of chaotic local search are also analyzed for WFLO problems.
文摘Our reconstructions of folk concepts are often influenced by the metaphysical and epistemological doctrines we are committed to.Surprisingly enough,this influence is rarely recognized in definitional debates and has been mostly overlooked in the literature on philosophical definitions.It is frequent for philosophers to act as if only evidential support(for example,our intuitions across real and hypothetical cases)should be considered when choosing between competing reconstructions.This programmatic paper analyzes the interplay between philosophical commitments and evidence in the reconstruction of folk concepts.It also clarifies the precise manner in which metaphysical and epistemological doctrines influence philosophical definitions,why the incidence of metaphysical and epistemological doctrines is rarely recognized,and why theoretically motivated definitions should not be assimilated to the two major forms of definitions recognized in the relevant literature(descriptive and revisionary).
