The production of mushrooms enriched with essential elements, e.g. selenium, for human health is an interesting strategy to improve the functional foods supply. The selenium is an essential mineral and makes part of s...The production of mushrooms enriched with essential elements, e.g. selenium, for human health is an interesting strategy to improve the functional foods supply. The selenium is an essential mineral and makes part of structure of enzymes involved in the oxidative metabolism. However, the selenium effect on the activity of respiratory and lignocellulolytic enzymes has not been considered. The understanding of this effect is important to determine the selenium concentration that increases the mushroom productivity and the degradation rate of the substrate. In this study, it was observed reduction of the respiratory activity of Lentinula edodes (Berk.) Pegler, the shiitake mushroom, in function of the increasing of the sodium selenite concentration in the substrate (p < 0.05). Selenium did not inhibit the activity of the hydrolytic enzymes (cellulase and xylanase), but it increased the activity of the oxidative enzyme (laccase). Respiratory activity of L. edodes has a negative correlation with sodium selenite concentration added in substrate. Thus is important to define the ideal dose of selenium to be added to the substrate for increasing lignocellulosic residues degradation and, consequently, guarantee a higher production of Se-enriched mushrooms.展开更多
This study analyzes the potential of an agricultural residue,hazelnut shells,as raw material in a combined ther-mochemical process to obtain pyro-gas and biochar for environmental remediation.The novelty of this study...This study analyzes the potential of an agricultural residue,hazelnut shells,as raw material in a combined ther-mochemical process to obtain pyro-gas and biochar for environmental remediation.The novelty of this study relies on the definition of a pyrolytic polygeneration process to simultaneously attain an energy-type product and abiochar to maximize the versatility of the products and their usage.To this aim,the heating value of the gas and its potential to feed a micro combined heat and power(micro-CHP)system was evaluated.Additionally,the resulting biochar was chemically activated and tested as adsorbent for the removal of contaminants from an aqueous solution.Results show that the pyro-gas from the shell-type residue was suitable to be used as feed stream in a micro-CHP unit,which was able to operate near the full-load(91.9%)with electrical and thermal efficiencies of 27.6%and 57.9%,respectively.In the case of the biochar fraction,poor results were found for the char prior to activation.Instead,once it was activated with KOH,the resulting activated carbon presented high effectiveness as adsorbent and complete removal of the measured compound(methylene blue)was achieved.展开更多
文摘The production of mushrooms enriched with essential elements, e.g. selenium, for human health is an interesting strategy to improve the functional foods supply. The selenium is an essential mineral and makes part of structure of enzymes involved in the oxidative metabolism. However, the selenium effect on the activity of respiratory and lignocellulolytic enzymes has not been considered. The understanding of this effect is important to determine the selenium concentration that increases the mushroom productivity and the degradation rate of the substrate. In this study, it was observed reduction of the respiratory activity of Lentinula edodes (Berk.) Pegler, the shiitake mushroom, in function of the increasing of the sodium selenite concentration in the substrate (p < 0.05). Selenium did not inhibit the activity of the hydrolytic enzymes (cellulase and xylanase), but it increased the activity of the oxidative enzyme (laccase). Respiratory activity of L. edodes has a negative correlation with sodium selenite concentration added in substrate. Thus is important to define the ideal dose of selenium to be added to the substrate for increasing lignocellulosic residues degradation and, consequently, guarantee a higher production of Se-enriched mushrooms.
基金This research has been funded by the University of the Basque Coun-try,UPV/EHU,(Project PES20/38)Gipuzkoa’s Provincial Govern-ment under the program“Etorkizuna Eraikiz”2020/2021This research has been partially funded by the European Union and the Italian Min-istry of Education,University and Research,under the project“AIM-Attrazione e MobilitàInternazionale,in attuazione dell’Azione I.2 Mo-bilitàdei Ricercatori dell’Asse I del PON R&I 2014-2020-Linea di In-tervento 1”,AIM1889410.
文摘This study analyzes the potential of an agricultural residue,hazelnut shells,as raw material in a combined ther-mochemical process to obtain pyro-gas and biochar for environmental remediation.The novelty of this study relies on the definition of a pyrolytic polygeneration process to simultaneously attain an energy-type product and abiochar to maximize the versatility of the products and their usage.To this aim,the heating value of the gas and its potential to feed a micro combined heat and power(micro-CHP)system was evaluated.Additionally,the resulting biochar was chemically activated and tested as adsorbent for the removal of contaminants from an aqueous solution.Results show that the pyro-gas from the shell-type residue was suitable to be used as feed stream in a micro-CHP unit,which was able to operate near the full-load(91.9%)with electrical and thermal efficiencies of 27.6%and 57.9%,respectively.In the case of the biochar fraction,poor results were found for the char prior to activation.Instead,once it was activated with KOH,the resulting activated carbon presented high effectiveness as adsorbent and complete removal of the measured compound(methylene blue)was achieved.
