[Objectives]To explore the effects of the compatibility of Radix Puerariae and Radix Rehmanniae on blood glucose and blood lipids in diabetic mouses.[Methods]Diabetic mouse model was established.The body weight and fa...[Objectives]To explore the effects of the compatibility of Radix Puerariae and Radix Rehmanniae on blood glucose and blood lipids in diabetic mouses.[Methods]Diabetic mouse model was established.The body weight and fasting blood glucose of mice were measured after 7 and 14 d of administration,and the biochemical indicators of blood lipids(TC,HDL-C,and LDL-C)were detected after 14 d of administration.[Results]Compared with the Radix Puerariae group and Radix Rehmanniae group,the compatibility group(1:2)had the best hypoglycemic effect(P<0.05),and TC and LDL-C in the compatibility group(2:1)significantly decreased(P<0.05),while HDL-C in the compatibility group(1:1)significantly increased(P<0.05).[Conclusions]Radix Puerariae,Radix Rehmanniae and their combination can reduce the blood glucose of diabetic mice.The compatibility group(1:2)had a significant hypoglycemic effect(P<0.05),and LDL-C in the compatibility group(2:1)significantly declined,while HDL-C in the compatibility group(1:1)rose significantly.展开更多
Many patients with neurodegenerative diseases,such as Alzheimer’s(AD)and Parkinson’s(PD)diseases suffer from disease progression without any satisfying clinical intervention,likely due to our lack of knowledge on ho...Many patients with neurodegenerative diseases,such as Alzheimer’s(AD)and Parkinson’s(PD)diseases suffer from disease progression without any satisfying clinical intervention,likely due to our lack of knowledge on how normal aging impacts the pathogenic mechanisms of these debilitating diseases.A growing body of literature has emerged in recent years that clearly demonstrates the involvement of glycolipids in the protein-oligomerization of neurodegenerative disorders.We hypothesize that changes in glycolipids composition are a common mechanism underlying the shift from healthy brain aging to the neuropathological processes of neurodegenerative diseases.展开更多
Background: The etiology of ovarian cancer is not well-understood;numerous metabolomics profiling, epidemiological, and hospital-based case control studies have associated abnormal levels of blood glucose and serum li...Background: The etiology of ovarian cancer is not well-understood;numerous metabolomics profiling, epidemiological, and hospital-based case control studies have associated abnormal levels of blood glucose and serum lipids with the risk and the prognosis of various types of cancers including ovarian cancer. The association between the risk of the incidence of ovarian cancer and the alterations in the levels of blood glucose and serum lipids is not well defined. Objective: In this study we aimed to compare the levels of blood glucose, triacylglycerols, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol in patients with different stages of ovarian cancer and healthy controls to determine how they relate to the risk and prognosis of ovarian cancer. Methodology: In a case-control cross sectional study, we enrolled ninety-nine Sudanese women, diagnosed with ovarian cancer but had not received any kind of treatment as the study group, and a control group of forty-one age-matched, apparently healthy women. The patients were classified according to the International Federation of Obstetricians and Gynecologists staging system into two groups: early stages (stage I & II) and late stages (stages III & IV). Blood glucose and serum lipids;triacylglycerols, total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol were determined by enzymatic colorimetric methods using commercially available analytical kits. The IBM SPSS version 20 software was used for statistical analysis. A Mann-Whitney U test was used for comparison of the median concentrations of blood glucose, triacylglycerols, total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol in the study groups. Logistic regression model was used to estimate the relative risk of ovarian cancer in relation to levels of blood glucose and serum lipids. P value of 0.05 was considered significant. Results: Our data indicated significantly higher levels of blood glucose (p < 0.001), triacylglycerols (p = 0.002), and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (p < 0.001), and lower levels of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (p = 0.023), in ovarian cancer patients compared to the control subjects. No significant difference was found in the levels of blood glucose or any of the serum lipids between patients in the early stages (stage I & II) and those in late stages (stage III & IV) of ovarian cancer. The logistic regression analysis indicated significant association between the elevated levels of the blood glucose, triacylglycerols and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol and the risk of the ovarian cancer. Conclusion: We conclude that the levels of blood glucose, triacylglycerols, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol differ significantly between ovarian cancer patients and the healthy control subjects. The risk of ovarian cancer was positively associated with the levels of blood glucose, triacylglycerols and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, and negatively associated with levels of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol. Therefore, determination of blood glucose and serum lipids, particularly, triacylglycerols, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol may be helpful as diagnostic indicators of ovarian cancer (OC).展开更多
lipid-lowering interventions on the disease.Methods:Two-sample Mendelian randomization analyses were conducted to evaluate the associations of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol,low-density lipoprotein cholesterol,t...lipid-lowering interventions on the disease.Methods:Two-sample Mendelian randomization analyses were conducted to evaluate the associations of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol,low-density lipoprotein cholesterol,triglycerides,apolipoprotein B and apolipoprotein A-I levels with risks for sepsis,and those of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol(HMGCR,PCSK9,NPC1L1),triglycerides(LPL,ANGPTL3,APOC3)and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol(CETP),apolipoprotein A-I(CETP),apolipoprotein B(HMGCR,PCSK9,NPC1L1,LPL,APOC3)with sepsis.Results:HMGCR-mediated low-density lipoprotein cholesterol and apolipoprotein B were associated with an increased risk of sepsis,with an odds ratio value of 1.4(95%confidence interval(CI):1.06-1.84,P=0.017)and 1.41(95%CI:1.01-1.98,P=0.046).CETP-mediated high-density lipoprotein cholesterol and apolipoprotein A-I were associated with a reduced risk of sepsis,with an odds ratio of 0.87(95%CI:0.82-0.92,P<0.01)respectively and 0.84(95%CI:0.78-0.9,P<0.01).Sensitivity analysis showed that the results were robust.Conclusion:HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors and CETP inhibitors may contribute to the prevention and treatment of sepsis.展开更多
Objective:To observe the effects of moxibustion at different temperatures(38℃,46℃)on blood lipids,endothelial morphology of the thoracic aorta,serum endothelin-1(ET-1),calcitonin gene-related peptide(CGRP),nitric ox...Objective:To observe the effects of moxibustion at different temperatures(38℃,46℃)on blood lipids,endothelial morphology of the thoracic aorta,serum endothelin-1(ET-1),calcitonin gene-related peptide(CGRP),nitric oxide(NO),and endothelial NO synthase(eNOS)in hyperlipidemic rats.Methods:Using the random number table method,60 Sprague Dawley rats were randomly and evenly divided into blank,model,38℃-moxibustion,and 46℃-moxibustion groups.Rats in the 3 experimental groups were fed a high-fat feed to model hyperlipidemia in rats.Rats in the 38℃-moxibustion and 46℃-moxibustion groups were moxibustion on the Shenque and bilateral Zusanli acupoints for 10 minutes each,once every other day for 4 weeks,at temperatures of 38±1℃ and 46±1℃.After that,rat blood samples were collected to detect blood lipids and ET-1,CGRP,eNOS and NO.Take the endotheal tissue of the thoracic aorta to do HE staining.Results:(1)The serum total cholesterol,triglycerides,and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol of rats in the 46℃-moxibustion group were significantly lower than those in the model and 38℃-moxibustion groups.(2)Revealed by hematoxylin and eosin staining,showed necrosis in the local vascular endothelial cells and mild inflammatory cell infiltration in the tunica adventitia of the hyperlipidemic rats.These endothelial morphologies did not improve significantly after moxibustion at 38℃ but did improve at 46℃.(3)Compared with the blank group,serum ET-1 was significantly higher and serum CGRP,NO,eNOS were significantly lower in the model group.Compared with the model and the 38℃-moxibustion groups,serum ET-1 was significantly lower and serum CGRP,NO,eNOS were significantly higher in 46℃-moxibustion groups.Conclusion:Moxibustion at 46℃ effectively regulated blood lipids,improved the morphology of the vascular endothelium,and protected vascular endothelial function.展开更多
Objectives:According to the findings of randomized controlled trials,blood lipid levels in patients with coronary heart disease(CHD)can be significantly decreased through a combination of pitavastatin and ezetimibe;ho...Objectives:According to the findings of randomized controlled trials,blood lipid levels in patients with coronary heart disease(CHD)can be significantly decreased through a combination of pitavastatin and ezetimibe;however,the effects and clinical applications of this treatment remain controversial.This meta-analysis was aimed at objectively assessing the efficacy and safety of pitavastatin and ezetimibe in lowering blood lipid levels.Design:Relevant studies were retrieved from electronic databases,including PubMed,Cochrane Library,Embase,China National Knowledge Infrastructure,VIP,and WanFang Data,from database inception to June 8,2022.The lev-els of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol,total cholesterol,triglycerides,and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol in patients’serum after treatment were the primary endpoint.Results:Nine randomized controlled trials(2586 patients)met the inclusion criteria.The meta-analysis indi-cated that pitavastatin plus ezetimibe resulted in significantly lower levels of LDL-C[standardized mean difference(SMD)=−0.86,95%confidence interval(CI)(−1.15 to−0.58),P<0.01],TC[SMD=−0.84,95%CI(−1.10 to−0.59),P<0.01],and TG[SMD=−0.59,95%CI(−0.89 to−0.28),P<0.01]than pitavastatin alone.Conclusions:Pitavastatin plus ezetimibe significantly decreased serum LDL-C,TC,and TG levels in patients with CHD.展开更多
AIM:To assess the retinal thickness and fundus blood flow density changes in chest pain patients with dyslipidemia using optical coherence tomography angiography(OCTA).METHODS:All subjects with chest pain as the main ...AIM:To assess the retinal thickness and fundus blood flow density changes in chest pain patients with dyslipidemia using optical coherence tomography angiography(OCTA).METHODS:All subjects with chest pain as the main symptom accepted a comprehensive ophthalmological examination.According to the serum lipid levels,the participants were divided into the control group and the dyslipidemia group.The retina thickness and fundus blood flow density were determined using OCTA.RESULTS:The study enrolled 87 left eyes from 87 adults with dyslipidemia and 87 left eyes from age-and sexmatched participants without dyslipidemia.The retina of dyslipidemia subjects was significantly thinner than that of the controls in the inferior(P=0.004 and P=0.014,respectively)and temporal(P=0.015 and P=0.019,respectively)regions,both inner and outer layers.In terms of blood flow density in the macula or optic disk,there was a decreasing trend in the dyslipidemia group compared with the control group,especially in the inferior and temporal regions.CONCLUSION:Dyslipidemia may contribute to the decrease in retinal thickness and fundus blood flow density.Further validation of the association between abnormal lipid metabolism and fundus microcirculation alterations needs to be carried out in chest pain patients.展开更多
In an open multicenter prospective study, the effects of short-term (4weeks, n= 101) and long-term (6 months, n = 38) terazosin treatment on blood pressure, serum lipids and safety in the patients with mild to moderat...In an open multicenter prospective study, the effects of short-term (4weeks, n= 101) and long-term (6 months, n = 38) terazosin treatment on blood pressure, serum lipids and safety in the patients with mild to moderate essential hypertension were observed. Mean systolic and diastolic blood pressure in sitting position were significantly reduced by 16. 4 % and 14. 0 % respectively (P<0.01 ) after 4 weeks of terazosin therapy, with the total efficacy rate being 87.1 %.During a 6 month therapy, antihypertensive effect of terazosin could be main-tained- Total cholesterol (TC) and low density lipoprotein (LDL ) cholesterol in serum were significantly decreased P < 0. 05-0.01) in patients with hyperc-holesterolemia (TC≥6 mmol/ml)after 4 week terazosin treatment; the levels of TC, LDL and triglyceride were significantly improved in hypertensive patients af-ter 3-6 month terazosin treatment. The improvement of lipid metabolism was re-lated to the dosage of terazosin but not to antihypertensive effects of terazosin.The results suggested that terazosin is effective in decreasing blood pressure and improving lipid metabolism. It may serve as a good antihypertensive agent for hy-pertensive patients with hypercholesterolemia.展开更多
Paclobutrazol is a plant growth regulator and inhibitor of endogenous gibberellin synthesis.It is a powerful inhibitor of vegetative growth by changing the photosynthetic rate and plant hormone levels,thereby affectin...Paclobutrazol is a plant growth regulator and inhibitor of endogenous gibberellin synthesis.It is a powerful inhibitor of vegetative growth by changing the photosynthetic rate and plant hormone levels,thereby affecting plant growth and development.In this study,the effects of paclobutrazol on the model diatom Phaeodactylum tricornutum were investigated.Results show that 2.5-mg/L and 10-mg/L paclobutrazol significantly inhibited the algal growth by inhibiting chlorophyll synthesis,which affects photosynthesis.The antioxidant system,including catalase(CAT)and glutathione peroxidase(GPx)was severely damaged.Chrysolaminarin content was significantly elevated and doubled up to 127 mg/g dry cell weight(DCW)by 10-mg/L paclobutrazol treatment.In combination with transcriptomic analysis,paclobutrazol was demonstrated to play a regulatory role in the accumulation of chrysolaminarin and neutral lipids.展开更多
The thought of using branched-chain amino acids (BCAA) in the prevention and treatment of certain disorders is becoming increasingly popular. Individual BCAA use has been associated with improving glucose tolerance an...The thought of using branched-chain amino acids (BCAA) in the prevention and treatment of certain disorders is becoming increasingly popular. Individual BCAA use has been associated with improving glucose tolerance and liver disease. Previous studies have cited improvements in glucose metabolism with a single dose of L-isoleucine (ILE). However, it is still unclear whether chronic consumption of ILE has any direct benefit. The objective of this study was to examine the influence of chronic ILE supplementation alone or in combination with exercise on fasting serum glucose, insulin, lipids, and lipoprotein cholesterol levels;glucose tolerance;and hepatic lipids in rats. Male Sprague-Dawley rats (n = 40) were divided into Control (low fructose diet);High Fructose diet (HF);HF plus 1.5% ILE (HF + ILE);HF plus exercise (HF + EX);and HF plus 1.5% ILE and exercise (HF + ILE + EX). The HF diets consisted of 70% kcalories from fructose. After 6 weeks of treatment, no significant differences were observed between groups for changes in fasting serum glucose, insulin, lipids, or lipoprotein cholesterol levels. However, hepatic total cholesterol was significantly lower in the HF + ILE + EX compared to the Control and HF, while, the HF + ILE had significantly lower hepatic free cholesterol compared to the HF. We also found no differences between groups for serum glucose response following an oral glucose tolerance test. In conclusion, our study shows that ILE supplementation in rats does not influence serum glucose and lipid biomarkers but may have an influence on lipid metabolic pathways within the liver.展开更多
Objective:To evaluate the lipid-regulating effect of crude-herb moxibustion on rats with dyslipidemia.Methods:Fifty-four SpragueeDawley rats were randomly divided into six groups with nine rats each.Control group rats...Objective:To evaluate the lipid-regulating effect of crude-herb moxibustion on rats with dyslipidemia.Methods:Fifty-four SpragueeDawley rats were randomly divided into six groups with nine rats each.Control group rats were fed a normal diet,and bilateral acu-point Fenglong(equivalent to ST40 in humans)on the hind legs were covered with a placebo(general mucilage)for 2 hours each day.Model group rats were fed a high-lipid diet for 2 weeks.Therapy group rats were fed a high-lipid diet for 2 weeks and then administered crude-herb moxibustion at ST40 for 2 hours each day for the next 2 weeks.Prevention group rats were administered crude-herb moxibustion 2 hours a day for 2 weeks and then fed a high-lipid diet for the subsequent 2 weeks.Prevention/Therapy group rats were each administered crude-herb moxibustion at ST40 for 2 hours each day for 2 weeks,followed by a high-lipid diet for the next 2 weeks,and then crude-herb moxibustion again at ST40 for another 2 weeks.Simvastatin group rats were fed a high-lipid diet for 2 weeks and then treated with simvastatin for the next 2 weeks.Blood lipids,hepatosomatic indices(HSIs)and epididymal fat pad weights of all rats were examined.Results:Compared with the Model group,levels of total cholesterol(TC),glycerinate,lowdensity lipoprotein cholesterol(LDL-C)and very low-density lipoprotein cholesterol(VLDL-C)in plasma collected from the Therapy group,the Prevention/Therapy group,and the Simvastatin group were decreased.Moreover,compared with the Model group,HSIs in Therapy group rats were also decreased following administration of crude-herb moxibustion,but TC,TG,HDLC,LDL-C,and VLDL-C levels in the Prevention group were higher than those in the Model group.Conclusion:The results reveal that blood lipids and HSIs appear to be modulated by the effect of crude-herb moxibustion and suggest therapeutic strategies for the treatment of dyslipidemia.展开更多
17β-estradiol modulates the activity of D2 receptors in the regulation of food intake and body weight. The functional lack of 17β-estradiol in postmenopausal women could create a dietary imbalance and cause body wei...17β-estradiol modulates the activity of D2 receptors in the regulation of food intake and body weight. The functional lack of 17β-estradiol in postmenopausal women could create a dietary imbalance and cause body weight gain. This study aimed to better understand the interferences that could exist between 17β-estradiol, D2 receptors and the selection of carbohydrate, fat and protein consumption, as well as their consequences on body weight gain by using an animal model of the menopause. Ovariectomy exacerbates the consumption of foods rich in lipids. Thus confirming an inhibitory action of 17β-estradiol (E2) on the consumption of these types of foods. This consumption stimulates body weight gain, which is promoted by the high caloric content of these foods and not by the amount consumed. Our results showed a direct involvement of D2 receptors in food choice. This choice would be made according to the two (2) isoforms of the D2 receptors. The D2/BR isoform directs towards a high carbohydrate consumption, without causing a gain in body weight. While D2/SUL, promotes high fat food consumption, causing an increase in body weight. In women, 17β-estradiol modulates the activity ratio between these two D2 receptor isoforms to ensure energy and homeostatic balance, stabilizing food intake and body weight.展开更多
Hypoxia is a common environmental stress factor in aquatic organisms,which varies among fish species.However,the mechanisms underlying the ability of fish species to tolerate hypoxia are not well known.Here,we showed ...Hypoxia is a common environmental stress factor in aquatic organisms,which varies among fish species.However,the mechanisms underlying the ability of fish species to tolerate hypoxia are not well known.Here,we showed that hypoxia response in different fish species was affected by lipid catabolism and preference for lipid or carbohydrate energy sources.Activation of biochemical lipid catabolism through peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha(Pparα)or increasing mitochondrial fat oxidation in tilapia decreased tolerance to acute hypoxia by increasing oxygen consumption and oxidative damage and reducing carbohydrate catabolism as an energy source.Conversely,lipid catabolism inhibition by suppressing entry of lipids into mitochondria in tilapia or individually knocking out three key genes of lipid catabolism in zebrafish increased tolerance to acute hypoxia by decreasing oxygen consumption and oxidative damage and promoting carbohydrate catabolism.However,anaerobic glycolysis suppression eliminated lipid catabolism inhibition-promoted hypoxia tolerance in adipose triglyceride lipase(atgl)mutant zebrafish.Using 14 fish species with different trophic levels and taxonomic status,the fish preferentially using lipids for energy were more intolerant to acute hypoxia than those preferentially using carbohydrates.Our study shows that hypoxia tolerance in fish depends on catabolic preference for lipids or carbohydrates,which can be modified by regulating lipid catabolism.展开更多
Associations between "lipid-related" candidate genes,blood lipid concentrations and coronary artery disease(CHD) risk are not clear.We aimed to investigate the effect of three newly identified lipids loci fr...Associations between "lipid-related" candidate genes,blood lipid concentrations and coronary artery disease(CHD) risk are not clear.We aimed to investigate the effect of three newly identified lipids loci from genome-wide association studies on CHD and blood lipid levels in Chinese Han population.The genotypes of SNPs at three newly identified lipid loci and blood lipids concentrations were examined in 1360 CHD patients and 1360 age-and sex-frequency matched controls from an unrelated Chinese Han population.Allele T of rs16996148 occurred less frequently in CHD patients with the odds ratio(OR) being 0.64(95% CI 0.50 to 0.81),after adjusting for conventional risk factors and was associated with a 33% decreased CHD risk(P<0.01) comparing with the major allele G.Individuals with GT genotype had the lowest CHD risk.No associations were found between the polymorphisms of other two loci with CHD risk and all three SNPs had no effect on lipid profile in this population.SNP rs16996148 on chromosome 19p13 is significantly associated with lower risk for CHD in Chinese Han population.However,it remains unresolved why these lipid-related loci had significantly less effects than the correspondingly expected effects on blood lipids levels in this population.展开更多
Background High-grain(HG)diets affect lipid metabolism in the liver and mammary tissue of dairy cows,but its effects on muscle and adipose tissue have not been wide evaluated.Thus,the aim of this study is to clarify t...Background High-grain(HG)diets affect lipid metabolism in the liver and mammary tissue of dairy cows,but its effects on muscle and adipose tissue have not been wide evaluated.Thus,the aim of this study is to clarify this issue.Methods Twelve Holstein cows were randomly divided into two groups:conventional diet group(CON,n=6)and the HG diet group(n=6).On day 7 of week 4,rumen fluid was sampled to measure pH,milk was sampled to meas-ure components,and blood was sampled to measure biochemical parameters and fatty acid composition.After the experiment,cows were slaughtered to collect muscle and adipose tissue for fatty acid composition and transcriptome analysis.Results HG feeding decreased the ruminal pH,milk’s fat content and long-chain fatty acid proportion(P<0.05)and increased the proportion of short-and medium-chain fatty acids in the milk(P<0.05)as compared with CON diets.The concentrations of blood cholesterol,low-density lipoprotein,and polyunsaturated fatty acids in the HG cows were lower than those in CON cows(P<0.05).In muscle tissue,HG feeding tended to increase the triacylglycerol(TG)concentration(P<0.10).Transcriptome analysis revealed changes in the biosynthesis of the unsaturated fatty acids pathway,the regulation of lipolysis in the adipocytes pathway,and the PPAR signalling pathway.In adipose tissue,HG feeding increased the concentration of TG and decreased the concentration of C18:1 cis9(P<0.05).At the transcrip-tome level,the fatty acid biosynthesis pathway,linoleic acid metabolism pathway,and PPAR signalling pathway were activated.Conclusion HG feeding leads to subacute rumen acidosis and a decreased milk fat content.The fatty acid profiles in the milk and plasma of dairy cows were changed by HG feeding.In muscle and adipose tissue,HG feeding increased TG concentration and up-regulated the expression of genes related to adipogenesis,while down-regulated the expression of genes related to lipid transport.These results complement our knowledge of the fatty acid composi-tion of muscle and adipose tissue in dairy cows and expand our understanding of the mechanisms by which HG diets affect lipid metabolism in muscle and adipose tissue.展开更多
Dietary parboiled rice(PR)has a low risk of disease,but little is known about the contribution of PR to the prevention of hyperlipidemia.The potential role and underlying mechanisms of PR in hyperlipidemia were evalua...Dietary parboiled rice(PR)has a low risk of disease,but little is known about the contribution of PR to the prevention of hyperlipidemia.The potential role and underlying mechanisms of PR in hyperlipidemia were evaluated in this study.Male C57BL/6J mice were fed with a normal diet,high-fat diet(HFD)containing refined rice(HFDRR)or PR(HFDPR).It was found that PR intervention improved lipid accumulation in mice.Transcriptomic data analysis revealed that 27 genes were up-regulated(mostly involved in lipid breakdown)and 86 genes were down-regulated(mostly involved in inflammatory responses)in the HFDPR group compared to the HFDRR group.And 15 differentially expressed genes(DEGs)were validated by quantitative real-time PCR(RT-qPCR),while protein interaction network showed that protein tyrosine phosphatase receptor type C(PTPRC)has a central role.The gut microbiota of mice was also altered after different dietary treatments,with higher ratio of Firmicutes and Bacteroidetes,increased abundances of Ruminococcaceae,Lachnospiraceae,Christensenellaceae,Porphyromonadaceae,Rikenellaceae and Prevotellaceae,and decreased abundances of Lactobacillaceae,Peptostreptococcaceae,Erysipelotrichaceae and Actinobacteria in the HFDRR group.In addition,it was observed that PPAR signaling pathway may act as a bridge between DEGs and differential gut microbiota.These results suggested that PR can prevent hyperlipidemia by modulating liver genes and gut microbiota.展开更多
Vascular etiology is the second most prevalent cause of cognitive impairment globally.Endothelin-1,which is produced and secreted by endothelial cells and astrocytes,is implicated in the pathogenesis of stroke.However...Vascular etiology is the second most prevalent cause of cognitive impairment globally.Endothelin-1,which is produced and secreted by endothelial cells and astrocytes,is implicated in the pathogenesis of stroke.However,the way in which changes in astrocytic endothelin-1 lead to poststroke cognitive deficits following transient middle cerebral artery occlusion is not well understood.Here,using mice in which astrocytic endothelin-1 was overexpressed,we found that the selective overexpression of endothelin-1 by astrocytic cells led to ischemic stroke-related dementia(1 hour of ischemia;7 days,28 days,or 3 months of reperfusion).We also revealed that astrocytic endothelin-1 overexpression contributed to the role of neural stem cell proliferation but impaired neurogenesis in the dentate gyrus of the hippocampus after middle cerebral artery occlusion.Comprehensive proteome profiles and western blot analysis confirmed that levels of glial fibrillary acidic protein and peroxiredoxin 6,which were differentially expressed in the brain,were significantly increased in mice with astrocytic endothelin-1 overexpression in comparison with wild-type mice 28 days after ischemic stroke.Moreover,the levels of the enriched differentially expressed proteins were closely related to lipid metabolism,as indicated by Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathway analysis.Liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry nontargeted metabolite profiling of brain tissues showed that astrocytic endothelin-1 overexpression altered lipid metabolism products such as glycerol phosphatidylcholine,sphingomyelin,and phosphatidic acid.Overall,this study demonstrates that astrocytic endothelin-1 overexpression can impair hippocampal neurogenesis and that it is correlated with lipid metabolism in poststroke cognitive dysfunction.展开更多
BACKGROUND The prevalence of osteoporosis and low bone mass is steadily rising each year.Low body weight is commonly linked to diminished bone mass and serves as a robust predictor of osteoporosis.Nonetheless,the conn...BACKGROUND The prevalence of osteoporosis and low bone mass is steadily rising each year.Low body weight is commonly linked to diminished bone mass and serves as a robust predictor of osteoporosis.Nonetheless,the connection between body mass index(BMI),bone mineral density,and lipid profiles among the elderly remains elusive.AIM To examine the association between BMI and bone mass,explore the correlation between lipid profiles and bone mass,and delve into the interplay between lipid metabolism and bone health.METHODS The study included 520 patients aged≥65 years(178 men and 342 women).Age,sex,weight,and height were recorded.Femoral neck bone mineral density and T scores were determined using a dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry scanner.Blood calcium(Ca),phosphorus(P),albumin(ALB),alkaline phosphatase(ALP),aspartate aminotransferase,alanine aminotransferase,triglyceride(TG),total cholesterol(TC),high-density lipoprotein(HDL)and low-density lipoprotein(LDL)levels were measured.Patients were classified by sex(male and female),age(65-79 years and≥80 years),and T score(normal bone mineral density,osteopenia and osteoporosis).RESULTS Age,sex,BMI,and ALP and TG levels were independent risk factors for osteoporosis.For the 65-79-and≥80-yearold groups,females presented lower T scores than males.Ca,P,ALB,ALP,TC,HDL and LDL levels were significantly different between men and women in the 65-79-year-old group.In addition,BMI and TG levels were significantly decreased in osteoporotic patients compared with patients with normal bone mass.TC levels declined in 65-to 79-year-old male and female osteoporosis patients.In the group of women aged≥80 years,osteoporotic patients showed significantly increased ALP levels.Furthermore,we found positive correlations between BMI and TG levels in the male and female patient groups.However,we found no significant differences in ALB,Ca,P,HDL and LDL levels in osteoporotic patients compared to patients with normal bone mass.CONCLUSION Osteoporotic patients showed significantly decreased BMI and TG levels compared with those with normal bone mass.BMI showed positive correlations with TG levels in male and female patients.These results indicate correlations between BMI and bone mass and between lipid profiles and bone mass.展开更多
BACKGROUND:The severity of cerebral infarction is associated with the increase of blood viscosity caused by hyperfibrinogenemia and hyperlipidemia,etc.Thus it has become one of the target for treating cerebral infarct...BACKGROUND:The severity of cerebral infarction is associated with the increase of blood viscosity caused by hyperfibrinogenemia and hyperlipidemia,etc.Thus it has become one of the target for treating cerebral infarction to decrease blood viscosity by integrated Chinese and western medicine.OBJECTIVE:To investigate the influence and clinical therapeutic effects of cinepazide maleate combined with tanshinone Ⅱ A sodium sulfonate on the hemorrheologic indexes and blood lipids of patients with acute cerebral infarction,and compare the results with those of simple cinepazide maleate treatment.DESIGN:A non-randomized case-controlled observation.SETTINGS:Hebei North University;the Second Affiliated Hospitals of Hebei North University;the Third Affiliated Hospitals of Hebei North University.PARTICIPANTS:Eighty-six inpatients with cerebral infarction were selected from the infirmary,the Second and Third Affiliated Hospitals of Hebei North University from September 2004 to October 2006.They were all diagnosed to have acute cerebral infarction by CT or MRI,and accorded with the diagnostic standards for acute cerebral infarction set by the Fourth National Academic Meeting for Cerebrovascular Disease in 1995.Meanwhile,40 teachers and medical staff of voluntary physical examinees were selected as the control group.Informed contents were obtained from all the patients and their relatives.METHODS:The patients were divided into combined treatment group(n=43)and simple treatment group(n=43).In the combined treatment group,the patients were administrated with 160 mg cinepazide maleate injection(Beijing Four-ring Pharmaceutical,Co.,Ltd,No.H200220125;80 mg/2 mL)added in 5% glucose,and 40 mg tanshinone Ⅱ sodium sulfonate(Shanghai No.1 Biochemical & Pharmaceutical Co.,Ltd.,No.H31022558,10 mg/2 mL)added in 250 mL normal saline.In the simple treatment group,the patients were only administrated with cinepazide maleate 320 mg added in 5% glucose or 250 mL normal saline.They were treated for 1 or 2 courses,once a day,and 14 days as a course.The patients were detected before treatment and at 14 and 28 days after treatment respectively.① Determination of hemorrheologic indexes:Whole blood viscosity was determined with LBY-N6B automatic hemorrheologic meter;Plasma viscosity with LBY-F200B automatic plasma viscosity meter;Volume of fibrinogen was determined by the method of 12.5% sodium nitrate depositing biuret reaction.② Determination of blood lipids:The serum levels of total cholesterol(TC),triglyceride(TG),low density lipoprotein cholesterol(LDL-C)and high density lipoprotein cholesterol(HDL-C)were determined.③ Severity of neurological deficit:The total score of neurological deficit score(NDS)ranged from 0 to 45 points,0-15 points was taken as mild,16-30 points as moderate and 31-45 points as severe.④ Evaluation of curative effects:Generally cured:NDS decreased by 91%-100%,and disabled severity of grade 0;Significantly improved:NDS decreased by 46%-90%,and disabled severity of grades 1-3;Improved:NDS decreased by 18%-45%;No change:NDS decreased by less than 18%;Aggravated:NDS increased by more than 18%.Generally cured and significant improved were taken as significant effect.⑤ The adverse events and side effects after medication were observed.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES:① Results of hemorrheologic indexes and blood lipids;② NDS results in the combined treatment group and simple treatment group;③ Therapeutic effects and adverse events.RESULTS:All the 86 patients with cerebral infarction and 40 healthy controls were involved in the analysis of results.① Results of hemorrheologic indexes and blood lipids:The hemorrheologic indexes and blood lipids before treatment were manifested as abnormalities to different extents in both the combined treatment group and simple treatment group;The hemorrheologic indexes after treatment were obviously improved in both groups.But the hemorrheologic indexes were improved more obviously in the combined treatment group as compared with those in the simple treatment group(P < 0.05);The levels of TC,TG and LDL-Cafter treatment in the combined treatment group were obviously lowered(P < 0.05),whereas those in the simple treatment group were not significantly changed(P > 0.05).② NDS results:The NDS scores at 14 and 28 days after treatment in the combined treatment group(6.23±2.34),(4.27±1.83)points were obviously lower than those in the simple treatment group(8.76±3.41),(6.65±2.49)points,P < 0.05.③ Therapeutic effects and side effects:The total significant effective rates in the combined treatment group and simple treatment group were 93% and 81% respectively.In the combined treatment group,1 case suffered from palpitation,dizziness and agrypnia.In the simple treatment group,1 case suffered from palpitation,dizziness and agrypnia,1 case had itch of skin.All the above symptoms disappeared gradually after the transfusing speed was adjusted to be slower.No drug withdrawal occurred in the patients due to the adverse events.CONCLUSION:Cinepazide maleate combined with tanshinon can obviously improve the abnormalities of hemorrheologic indexes and blood lipids and nerve function in patients with acute cerebral infarction,and its curative effect is faster than that of simple cinepazide maleate treatment.展开更多
Introduction: Cardiovascular disease represents a major public health burden worldwide. Research and management of risk factors contribute to the prevention of these diseases. The aim of this study was to assess the p...Introduction: Cardiovascular disease represents a major public health burden worldwide. Research and management of risk factors contribute to the prevention of these diseases. The aim of this study was to assess the prevalence of dyslipidemia in the biochemistry unit of the Charles De Gaulle Pediatric University Hospital (CHUP-CDG) in Ouagadougou. Material and Methods: This was a descriptive and analytical cross-sectional study, with retrospective data collection from January 1, 2020 to December 31, 2022. Patients of all ages who performed a lipid panel in the CHUP-CDG biochemistry unit during the study period have been included. Results: A total of 2872 patients have been included. The mean age of the study population was 27.72 ± 19.51 years and the M/F sex ratio was 0.81. Among the patients, 22.84% had at least one dyslipidemia. The prevalences of hypercholesterolemia, hypo-HDL cholesterolemia and hyper-LDL cholesterolemia were 11.57%, 49.19% and 57.50% respectively. Hypertriglyceridemia and mixed hyperlipidemia were present in 9.04% and 2.08% of patients. Hypercholesterolemia was significantly more frequent in the female sex (p = 0.0077);hyper-LDL cholesterolemia (p = 0.0255) and mixed hyperlipidemia (p Conclusion: The relatively high prevalence of dyslipidemia in the study indicates a worrying situation. It would therefore appear essential to extend the search for risk factors nationwide, particularly those that can be modified, in order to reduce morbidity and mortality linked to cardiovascular disease.展开更多
基金Supported by the National Innovation Planning Project for University Students in 2022 in Guangxi(S202210599012).
文摘[Objectives]To explore the effects of the compatibility of Radix Puerariae and Radix Rehmanniae on blood glucose and blood lipids in diabetic mouses.[Methods]Diabetic mouse model was established.The body weight and fasting blood glucose of mice were measured after 7 and 14 d of administration,and the biochemical indicators of blood lipids(TC,HDL-C,and LDL-C)were detected after 14 d of administration.[Results]Compared with the Radix Puerariae group and Radix Rehmanniae group,the compatibility group(1:2)had the best hypoglycemic effect(P<0.05),and TC and LDL-C in the compatibility group(2:1)significantly decreased(P<0.05),while HDL-C in the compatibility group(1:1)significantly increased(P<0.05).[Conclusions]Radix Puerariae,Radix Rehmanniae and their combination can reduce the blood glucose of diabetic mice.The compatibility group(1:2)had a significant hypoglycemic effect(P<0.05),and LDL-C in the compatibility group(2:1)significantly declined,while HDL-C in the compatibility group(1:1)rose significantly.
基金supported by a National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke grant(R01 NS100839)a Sheffield Memorial Grant of the CSRA Parkinson’s Disease Support Group,and the excellent infrastructural support of the Department of Neuroscience and Regenerative Medicine,Medical College of Georgia at Augusta University(all to YI).
文摘Many patients with neurodegenerative diseases,such as Alzheimer’s(AD)and Parkinson’s(PD)diseases suffer from disease progression without any satisfying clinical intervention,likely due to our lack of knowledge on how normal aging impacts the pathogenic mechanisms of these debilitating diseases.A growing body of literature has emerged in recent years that clearly demonstrates the involvement of glycolipids in the protein-oligomerization of neurodegenerative disorders.We hypothesize that changes in glycolipids composition are a common mechanism underlying the shift from healthy brain aging to the neuropathological processes of neurodegenerative diseases.
文摘Background: The etiology of ovarian cancer is not well-understood;numerous metabolomics profiling, epidemiological, and hospital-based case control studies have associated abnormal levels of blood glucose and serum lipids with the risk and the prognosis of various types of cancers including ovarian cancer. The association between the risk of the incidence of ovarian cancer and the alterations in the levels of blood glucose and serum lipids is not well defined. Objective: In this study we aimed to compare the levels of blood glucose, triacylglycerols, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol in patients with different stages of ovarian cancer and healthy controls to determine how they relate to the risk and prognosis of ovarian cancer. Methodology: In a case-control cross sectional study, we enrolled ninety-nine Sudanese women, diagnosed with ovarian cancer but had not received any kind of treatment as the study group, and a control group of forty-one age-matched, apparently healthy women. The patients were classified according to the International Federation of Obstetricians and Gynecologists staging system into two groups: early stages (stage I & II) and late stages (stages III & IV). Blood glucose and serum lipids;triacylglycerols, total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol were determined by enzymatic colorimetric methods using commercially available analytical kits. The IBM SPSS version 20 software was used for statistical analysis. A Mann-Whitney U test was used for comparison of the median concentrations of blood glucose, triacylglycerols, total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol in the study groups. Logistic regression model was used to estimate the relative risk of ovarian cancer in relation to levels of blood glucose and serum lipids. P value of 0.05 was considered significant. Results: Our data indicated significantly higher levels of blood glucose (p < 0.001), triacylglycerols (p = 0.002), and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (p < 0.001), and lower levels of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (p = 0.023), in ovarian cancer patients compared to the control subjects. No significant difference was found in the levels of blood glucose or any of the serum lipids between patients in the early stages (stage I & II) and those in late stages (stage III & IV) of ovarian cancer. The logistic regression analysis indicated significant association between the elevated levels of the blood glucose, triacylglycerols and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol and the risk of the ovarian cancer. Conclusion: We conclude that the levels of blood glucose, triacylglycerols, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol differ significantly between ovarian cancer patients and the healthy control subjects. The risk of ovarian cancer was positively associated with the levels of blood glucose, triacylglycerols and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, and negatively associated with levels of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol. Therefore, determination of blood glucose and serum lipids, particularly, triacylglycerols, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol may be helpful as diagnostic indicators of ovarian cancer (OC).
基金The 2022 Educational Teaching Reform and Research Project of Guangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine(2022C032).
文摘lipid-lowering interventions on the disease.Methods:Two-sample Mendelian randomization analyses were conducted to evaluate the associations of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol,low-density lipoprotein cholesterol,triglycerides,apolipoprotein B and apolipoprotein A-I levels with risks for sepsis,and those of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol(HMGCR,PCSK9,NPC1L1),triglycerides(LPL,ANGPTL3,APOC3)and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol(CETP),apolipoprotein A-I(CETP),apolipoprotein B(HMGCR,PCSK9,NPC1L1,LPL,APOC3)with sepsis.Results:HMGCR-mediated low-density lipoprotein cholesterol and apolipoprotein B were associated with an increased risk of sepsis,with an odds ratio value of 1.4(95%confidence interval(CI):1.06-1.84,P=0.017)and 1.41(95%CI:1.01-1.98,P=0.046).CETP-mediated high-density lipoprotein cholesterol and apolipoprotein A-I were associated with a reduced risk of sepsis,with an odds ratio of 0.87(95%CI:0.82-0.92,P<0.01)respectively and 0.84(95%CI:0.78-0.9,P<0.01).Sensitivity analysis showed that the results were robust.Conclusion:HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors and CETP inhibitors may contribute to the prevention and treatment of sepsis.
基金This work was supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(NO.81603695).
文摘Objective:To observe the effects of moxibustion at different temperatures(38℃,46℃)on blood lipids,endothelial morphology of the thoracic aorta,serum endothelin-1(ET-1),calcitonin gene-related peptide(CGRP),nitric oxide(NO),and endothelial NO synthase(eNOS)in hyperlipidemic rats.Methods:Using the random number table method,60 Sprague Dawley rats were randomly and evenly divided into blank,model,38℃-moxibustion,and 46℃-moxibustion groups.Rats in the 3 experimental groups were fed a high-fat feed to model hyperlipidemia in rats.Rats in the 38℃-moxibustion and 46℃-moxibustion groups were moxibustion on the Shenque and bilateral Zusanli acupoints for 10 minutes each,once every other day for 4 weeks,at temperatures of 38±1℃ and 46±1℃.After that,rat blood samples were collected to detect blood lipids and ET-1,CGRP,eNOS and NO.Take the endotheal tissue of the thoracic aorta to do HE staining.Results:(1)The serum total cholesterol,triglycerides,and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol of rats in the 46℃-moxibustion group were significantly lower than those in the model and 38℃-moxibustion groups.(2)Revealed by hematoxylin and eosin staining,showed necrosis in the local vascular endothelial cells and mild inflammatory cell infiltration in the tunica adventitia of the hyperlipidemic rats.These endothelial morphologies did not improve significantly after moxibustion at 38℃ but did improve at 46℃.(3)Compared with the blank group,serum ET-1 was significantly higher and serum CGRP,NO,eNOS were significantly lower in the model group.Compared with the model and the 38℃-moxibustion groups,serum ET-1 was significantly lower and serum CGRP,NO,eNOS were significantly higher in 46℃-moxibustion groups.Conclusion:Moxibustion at 46℃ effectively regulated blood lipids,improved the morphology of the vascular endothelium,and protected vascular endothelial function.
文摘Objectives:According to the findings of randomized controlled trials,blood lipid levels in patients with coronary heart disease(CHD)can be significantly decreased through a combination of pitavastatin and ezetimibe;however,the effects and clinical applications of this treatment remain controversial.This meta-analysis was aimed at objectively assessing the efficacy and safety of pitavastatin and ezetimibe in lowering blood lipid levels.Design:Relevant studies were retrieved from electronic databases,including PubMed,Cochrane Library,Embase,China National Knowledge Infrastructure,VIP,and WanFang Data,from database inception to June 8,2022.The lev-els of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol,total cholesterol,triglycerides,and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol in patients’serum after treatment were the primary endpoint.Results:Nine randomized controlled trials(2586 patients)met the inclusion criteria.The meta-analysis indi-cated that pitavastatin plus ezetimibe resulted in significantly lower levels of LDL-C[standardized mean difference(SMD)=−0.86,95%confidence interval(CI)(−1.15 to−0.58),P<0.01],TC[SMD=−0.84,95%CI(−1.10 to−0.59),P<0.01],and TG[SMD=−0.59,95%CI(−0.89 to−0.28),P<0.01]than pitavastatin alone.Conclusions:Pitavastatin plus ezetimibe significantly decreased serum LDL-C,TC,and TG levels in patients with CHD.
基金Supported by the Science and Technology Commission of Shanghai Municipality(No.20Y11910800)。
文摘AIM:To assess the retinal thickness and fundus blood flow density changes in chest pain patients with dyslipidemia using optical coherence tomography angiography(OCTA).METHODS:All subjects with chest pain as the main symptom accepted a comprehensive ophthalmological examination.According to the serum lipid levels,the participants were divided into the control group and the dyslipidemia group.The retina thickness and fundus blood flow density were determined using OCTA.RESULTS:The study enrolled 87 left eyes from 87 adults with dyslipidemia and 87 left eyes from age-and sexmatched participants without dyslipidemia.The retina of dyslipidemia subjects was significantly thinner than that of the controls in the inferior(P=0.004 and P=0.014,respectively)and temporal(P=0.015 and P=0.019,respectively)regions,both inner and outer layers.In terms of blood flow density in the macula or optic disk,there was a decreasing trend in the dyslipidemia group compared with the control group,especially in the inferior and temporal regions.CONCLUSION:Dyslipidemia may contribute to the decrease in retinal thickness and fundus blood flow density.Further validation of the association between abnormal lipid metabolism and fundus microcirculation alterations needs to be carried out in chest pain patients.
文摘In an open multicenter prospective study, the effects of short-term (4weeks, n= 101) and long-term (6 months, n = 38) terazosin treatment on blood pressure, serum lipids and safety in the patients with mild to moderate essential hypertension were observed. Mean systolic and diastolic blood pressure in sitting position were significantly reduced by 16. 4 % and 14. 0 % respectively (P<0.01 ) after 4 weeks of terazosin therapy, with the total efficacy rate being 87.1 %.During a 6 month therapy, antihypertensive effect of terazosin could be main-tained- Total cholesterol (TC) and low density lipoprotein (LDL ) cholesterol in serum were significantly decreased P < 0. 05-0.01) in patients with hyperc-holesterolemia (TC≥6 mmol/ml)after 4 week terazosin treatment; the levels of TC, LDL and triglyceride were significantly improved in hypertensive patients af-ter 3-6 month terazosin treatment. The improvement of lipid metabolism was re-lated to the dosage of terazosin but not to antihypertensive effects of terazosin.The results suggested that terazosin is effective in decreasing blood pressure and improving lipid metabolism. It may serve as a good antihypertensive agent for hy-pertensive patients with hypercholesterolemia.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos.31870027,42006125)the Guangdong Natural Science Foundation (No.2019B1515120062)。
文摘Paclobutrazol is a plant growth regulator and inhibitor of endogenous gibberellin synthesis.It is a powerful inhibitor of vegetative growth by changing the photosynthetic rate and plant hormone levels,thereby affecting plant growth and development.In this study,the effects of paclobutrazol on the model diatom Phaeodactylum tricornutum were investigated.Results show that 2.5-mg/L and 10-mg/L paclobutrazol significantly inhibited the algal growth by inhibiting chlorophyll synthesis,which affects photosynthesis.The antioxidant system,including catalase(CAT)and glutathione peroxidase(GPx)was severely damaged.Chrysolaminarin content was significantly elevated and doubled up to 127 mg/g dry cell weight(DCW)by 10-mg/L paclobutrazol treatment.In combination with transcriptomic analysis,paclobutrazol was demonstrated to play a regulatory role in the accumulation of chrysolaminarin and neutral lipids.
文摘The thought of using branched-chain amino acids (BCAA) in the prevention and treatment of certain disorders is becoming increasingly popular. Individual BCAA use has been associated with improving glucose tolerance and liver disease. Previous studies have cited improvements in glucose metabolism with a single dose of L-isoleucine (ILE). However, it is still unclear whether chronic consumption of ILE has any direct benefit. The objective of this study was to examine the influence of chronic ILE supplementation alone or in combination with exercise on fasting serum glucose, insulin, lipids, and lipoprotein cholesterol levels;glucose tolerance;and hepatic lipids in rats. Male Sprague-Dawley rats (n = 40) were divided into Control (low fructose diet);High Fructose diet (HF);HF plus 1.5% ILE (HF + ILE);HF plus exercise (HF + EX);and HF plus 1.5% ILE and exercise (HF + ILE + EX). The HF diets consisted of 70% kcalories from fructose. After 6 weeks of treatment, no significant differences were observed between groups for changes in fasting serum glucose, insulin, lipids, or lipoprotein cholesterol levels. However, hepatic total cholesterol was significantly lower in the HF + ILE + EX compared to the Control and HF, while, the HF + ILE had significantly lower hepatic free cholesterol compared to the HF. We also found no differences between groups for serum glucose response following an oral glucose tolerance test. In conclusion, our study shows that ILE supplementation in rats does not influence serum glucose and lipid biomarkers but may have an influence on lipid metabolic pathways within the liver.
基金the Ministry of Education of the People’s Republic of China(NO:201210026044)supervised by Beijing University of Chinese Medicine.
文摘Objective:To evaluate the lipid-regulating effect of crude-herb moxibustion on rats with dyslipidemia.Methods:Fifty-four SpragueeDawley rats were randomly divided into six groups with nine rats each.Control group rats were fed a normal diet,and bilateral acu-point Fenglong(equivalent to ST40 in humans)on the hind legs were covered with a placebo(general mucilage)for 2 hours each day.Model group rats were fed a high-lipid diet for 2 weeks.Therapy group rats were fed a high-lipid diet for 2 weeks and then administered crude-herb moxibustion at ST40 for 2 hours each day for the next 2 weeks.Prevention group rats were administered crude-herb moxibustion 2 hours a day for 2 weeks and then fed a high-lipid diet for the subsequent 2 weeks.Prevention/Therapy group rats were each administered crude-herb moxibustion at ST40 for 2 hours each day for 2 weeks,followed by a high-lipid diet for the next 2 weeks,and then crude-herb moxibustion again at ST40 for another 2 weeks.Simvastatin group rats were fed a high-lipid diet for 2 weeks and then treated with simvastatin for the next 2 weeks.Blood lipids,hepatosomatic indices(HSIs)and epididymal fat pad weights of all rats were examined.Results:Compared with the Model group,levels of total cholesterol(TC),glycerinate,lowdensity lipoprotein cholesterol(LDL-C)and very low-density lipoprotein cholesterol(VLDL-C)in plasma collected from the Therapy group,the Prevention/Therapy group,and the Simvastatin group were decreased.Moreover,compared with the Model group,HSIs in Therapy group rats were also decreased following administration of crude-herb moxibustion,but TC,TG,HDLC,LDL-C,and VLDL-C levels in the Prevention group were higher than those in the Model group.Conclusion:The results reveal that blood lipids and HSIs appear to be modulated by the effect of crude-herb moxibustion and suggest therapeutic strategies for the treatment of dyslipidemia.
文摘17β-estradiol modulates the activity of D2 receptors in the regulation of food intake and body weight. The functional lack of 17β-estradiol in postmenopausal women could create a dietary imbalance and cause body weight gain. This study aimed to better understand the interferences that could exist between 17β-estradiol, D2 receptors and the selection of carbohydrate, fat and protein consumption, as well as their consequences on body weight gain by using an animal model of the menopause. Ovariectomy exacerbates the consumption of foods rich in lipids. Thus confirming an inhibitory action of 17β-estradiol (E2) on the consumption of these types of foods. This consumption stimulates body weight gain, which is promoted by the high caloric content of these foods and not by the amount consumed. Our results showed a direct involvement of D2 receptors in food choice. This choice would be made according to the two (2) isoforms of the D2 receptors. The D2/BR isoform directs towards a high carbohydrate consumption, without causing a gain in body weight. While D2/SUL, promotes high fat food consumption, causing an increase in body weight. In women, 17β-estradiol modulates the activity ratio between these two D2 receptor isoforms to ensure energy and homeostatic balance, stabilizing food intake and body weight.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (31830102,32202950)。
文摘Hypoxia is a common environmental stress factor in aquatic organisms,which varies among fish species.However,the mechanisms underlying the ability of fish species to tolerate hypoxia are not well known.Here,we showed that hypoxia response in different fish species was affected by lipid catabolism and preference for lipid or carbohydrate energy sources.Activation of biochemical lipid catabolism through peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha(Pparα)or increasing mitochondrial fat oxidation in tilapia decreased tolerance to acute hypoxia by increasing oxygen consumption and oxidative damage and reducing carbohydrate catabolism as an energy source.Conversely,lipid catabolism inhibition by suppressing entry of lipids into mitochondria in tilapia or individually knocking out three key genes of lipid catabolism in zebrafish increased tolerance to acute hypoxia by decreasing oxygen consumption and oxidative damage and promoting carbohydrate catabolism.However,anaerobic glycolysis suppression eliminated lipid catabolism inhibition-promoted hypoxia tolerance in adipose triglyceride lipase(atgl)mutant zebrafish.Using 14 fish species with different trophic levels and taxonomic status,the fish preferentially using lipids for energy were more intolerant to acute hypoxia than those preferentially using carbohydrates.Our study shows that hypoxia tolerance in fish depends on catabolic preference for lipids or carbohydrates,which can be modified by regulating lipid catabolism.
基金supported by grants from the National Natural Sciences Foundation of China (No. 30525031 and No.30430590)
文摘Associations between "lipid-related" candidate genes,blood lipid concentrations and coronary artery disease(CHD) risk are not clear.We aimed to investigate the effect of three newly identified lipids loci from genome-wide association studies on CHD and blood lipid levels in Chinese Han population.The genotypes of SNPs at three newly identified lipid loci and blood lipids concentrations were examined in 1360 CHD patients and 1360 age-and sex-frequency matched controls from an unrelated Chinese Han population.Allele T of rs16996148 occurred less frequently in CHD patients with the odds ratio(OR) being 0.64(95% CI 0.50 to 0.81),after adjusting for conventional risk factors and was associated with a 33% decreased CHD risk(P<0.01) comparing with the major allele G.Individuals with GT genotype had the lowest CHD risk.No associations were found between the polymorphisms of other two loci with CHD risk and all three SNPs had no effect on lipid profile in this population.SNP rs16996148 on chromosome 19p13 is significantly associated with lower risk for CHD in Chinese Han population.However,it remains unresolved why these lipid-related loci had significantly less effects than the correspondingly expected effects on blood lipids levels in this population.
基金funded by the National Key R&D Program of China(2022YFD1301001)the Natural Science Foundation of China(32072755).
文摘Background High-grain(HG)diets affect lipid metabolism in the liver and mammary tissue of dairy cows,but its effects on muscle and adipose tissue have not been wide evaluated.Thus,the aim of this study is to clarify this issue.Methods Twelve Holstein cows were randomly divided into two groups:conventional diet group(CON,n=6)and the HG diet group(n=6).On day 7 of week 4,rumen fluid was sampled to measure pH,milk was sampled to meas-ure components,and blood was sampled to measure biochemical parameters and fatty acid composition.After the experiment,cows were slaughtered to collect muscle and adipose tissue for fatty acid composition and transcriptome analysis.Results HG feeding decreased the ruminal pH,milk’s fat content and long-chain fatty acid proportion(P<0.05)and increased the proportion of short-and medium-chain fatty acids in the milk(P<0.05)as compared with CON diets.The concentrations of blood cholesterol,low-density lipoprotein,and polyunsaturated fatty acids in the HG cows were lower than those in CON cows(P<0.05).In muscle tissue,HG feeding tended to increase the triacylglycerol(TG)concentration(P<0.10).Transcriptome analysis revealed changes in the biosynthesis of the unsaturated fatty acids pathway,the regulation of lipolysis in the adipocytes pathway,and the PPAR signalling pathway.In adipose tissue,HG feeding increased the concentration of TG and decreased the concentration of C18:1 cis9(P<0.05).At the transcrip-tome level,the fatty acid biosynthesis pathway,linoleic acid metabolism pathway,and PPAR signalling pathway were activated.Conclusion HG feeding leads to subacute rumen acidosis and a decreased milk fat content.The fatty acid profiles in the milk and plasma of dairy cows were changed by HG feeding.In muscle and adipose tissue,HG feeding increased TG concentration and up-regulated the expression of genes related to adipogenesis,while down-regulated the expression of genes related to lipid transport.These results complement our knowledge of the fatty acid composi-tion of muscle and adipose tissue in dairy cows and expand our understanding of the mechanisms by which HG diets affect lipid metabolism in muscle and adipose tissue.
基金financially supported by Key Project of State Key R&D Program,China (2022YFF1100200)the Program for Science&Technology Innovation Platform of Hunan Province (2019TP102)+3 种基金Natural Science Foundation of Hunan Province (2021JJ31075,2019JJ50984)Natural Science Foundation of Changsha City (kq2014275)Scientific Innovation Fund for Postgraduates of Central South University of Forestry and Technology (CX20200699,CX202102067)Postgraduate Scientific Research Innovation Project of Hunan Province (CX20201018,CX20210899,CX20220701 and CX20220720)。
文摘Dietary parboiled rice(PR)has a low risk of disease,but little is known about the contribution of PR to the prevention of hyperlipidemia.The potential role and underlying mechanisms of PR in hyperlipidemia were evaluated in this study.Male C57BL/6J mice were fed with a normal diet,high-fat diet(HFD)containing refined rice(HFDRR)or PR(HFDPR).It was found that PR intervention improved lipid accumulation in mice.Transcriptomic data analysis revealed that 27 genes were up-regulated(mostly involved in lipid breakdown)and 86 genes were down-regulated(mostly involved in inflammatory responses)in the HFDPR group compared to the HFDRR group.And 15 differentially expressed genes(DEGs)were validated by quantitative real-time PCR(RT-qPCR),while protein interaction network showed that protein tyrosine phosphatase receptor type C(PTPRC)has a central role.The gut microbiota of mice was also altered after different dietary treatments,with higher ratio of Firmicutes and Bacteroidetes,increased abundances of Ruminococcaceae,Lachnospiraceae,Christensenellaceae,Porphyromonadaceae,Rikenellaceae and Prevotellaceae,and decreased abundances of Lactobacillaceae,Peptostreptococcaceae,Erysipelotrichaceae and Actinobacteria in the HFDRR group.In addition,it was observed that PPAR signaling pathway may act as a bridge between DEGs and differential gut microbiota.These results suggested that PR can prevent hyperlipidemia by modulating liver genes and gut microbiota.
基金financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China,No.81303115,81774042 (both to XC)the Pearl River S&T Nova Program of Guangzhou,No.201806010025 (to XC)+3 种基金the Specialty Program of Guangdong Province Hospital of Chinese Medicine of China,No.YN2018ZD07 (to XC)the Natural Science Foundatior of Guangdong Province of China,No.2023A1515012174 (to JL)the Science and Technology Program of Guangzhou of China,No.20210201 0268 (to XC),20210201 0339 (to JS)Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Research on Emergency in TCM,Nos.2018-75,2019-140 (to JS)
文摘Vascular etiology is the second most prevalent cause of cognitive impairment globally.Endothelin-1,which is produced and secreted by endothelial cells and astrocytes,is implicated in the pathogenesis of stroke.However,the way in which changes in astrocytic endothelin-1 lead to poststroke cognitive deficits following transient middle cerebral artery occlusion is not well understood.Here,using mice in which astrocytic endothelin-1 was overexpressed,we found that the selective overexpression of endothelin-1 by astrocytic cells led to ischemic stroke-related dementia(1 hour of ischemia;7 days,28 days,or 3 months of reperfusion).We also revealed that astrocytic endothelin-1 overexpression contributed to the role of neural stem cell proliferation but impaired neurogenesis in the dentate gyrus of the hippocampus after middle cerebral artery occlusion.Comprehensive proteome profiles and western blot analysis confirmed that levels of glial fibrillary acidic protein and peroxiredoxin 6,which were differentially expressed in the brain,were significantly increased in mice with astrocytic endothelin-1 overexpression in comparison with wild-type mice 28 days after ischemic stroke.Moreover,the levels of the enriched differentially expressed proteins were closely related to lipid metabolism,as indicated by Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathway analysis.Liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry nontargeted metabolite profiling of brain tissues showed that astrocytic endothelin-1 overexpression altered lipid metabolism products such as glycerol phosphatidylcholine,sphingomyelin,and phosphatidic acid.Overall,this study demonstrates that astrocytic endothelin-1 overexpression can impair hippocampal neurogenesis and that it is correlated with lipid metabolism in poststroke cognitive dysfunction.
基金Supported by Jiangsu Elderly Health Research Project,No.LD2021010Jiangsu Elderly Health Research Project,Key Project of Elderly Health Research Project,No.LKZ2022010Open Project of National Key Professional Base for Standardized Training of Resident Physicians in Zhongda Hospital Affiliated to Southeast University,No.ZDZYJD-QK-2022-7.
文摘BACKGROUND The prevalence of osteoporosis and low bone mass is steadily rising each year.Low body weight is commonly linked to diminished bone mass and serves as a robust predictor of osteoporosis.Nonetheless,the connection between body mass index(BMI),bone mineral density,and lipid profiles among the elderly remains elusive.AIM To examine the association between BMI and bone mass,explore the correlation between lipid profiles and bone mass,and delve into the interplay between lipid metabolism and bone health.METHODS The study included 520 patients aged≥65 years(178 men and 342 women).Age,sex,weight,and height were recorded.Femoral neck bone mineral density and T scores were determined using a dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry scanner.Blood calcium(Ca),phosphorus(P),albumin(ALB),alkaline phosphatase(ALP),aspartate aminotransferase,alanine aminotransferase,triglyceride(TG),total cholesterol(TC),high-density lipoprotein(HDL)and low-density lipoprotein(LDL)levels were measured.Patients were classified by sex(male and female),age(65-79 years and≥80 years),and T score(normal bone mineral density,osteopenia and osteoporosis).RESULTS Age,sex,BMI,and ALP and TG levels were independent risk factors for osteoporosis.For the 65-79-and≥80-yearold groups,females presented lower T scores than males.Ca,P,ALB,ALP,TC,HDL and LDL levels were significantly different between men and women in the 65-79-year-old group.In addition,BMI and TG levels were significantly decreased in osteoporotic patients compared with patients with normal bone mass.TC levels declined in 65-to 79-year-old male and female osteoporosis patients.In the group of women aged≥80 years,osteoporotic patients showed significantly increased ALP levels.Furthermore,we found positive correlations between BMI and TG levels in the male and female patient groups.However,we found no significant differences in ALB,Ca,P,HDL and LDL levels in osteoporotic patients compared to patients with normal bone mass.CONCLUSION Osteoporotic patients showed significantly decreased BMI and TG levels compared with those with normal bone mass.BMI showed positive correlations with TG levels in male and female patients.These results indicate correlations between BMI and bone mass and between lipid profiles and bone mass.
基金a grant from Zhangjiakou Bureau of Technology,No. 060132
文摘BACKGROUND:The severity of cerebral infarction is associated with the increase of blood viscosity caused by hyperfibrinogenemia and hyperlipidemia,etc.Thus it has become one of the target for treating cerebral infarction to decrease blood viscosity by integrated Chinese and western medicine.OBJECTIVE:To investigate the influence and clinical therapeutic effects of cinepazide maleate combined with tanshinone Ⅱ A sodium sulfonate on the hemorrheologic indexes and blood lipids of patients with acute cerebral infarction,and compare the results with those of simple cinepazide maleate treatment.DESIGN:A non-randomized case-controlled observation.SETTINGS:Hebei North University;the Second Affiliated Hospitals of Hebei North University;the Third Affiliated Hospitals of Hebei North University.PARTICIPANTS:Eighty-six inpatients with cerebral infarction were selected from the infirmary,the Second and Third Affiliated Hospitals of Hebei North University from September 2004 to October 2006.They were all diagnosed to have acute cerebral infarction by CT or MRI,and accorded with the diagnostic standards for acute cerebral infarction set by the Fourth National Academic Meeting for Cerebrovascular Disease in 1995.Meanwhile,40 teachers and medical staff of voluntary physical examinees were selected as the control group.Informed contents were obtained from all the patients and their relatives.METHODS:The patients were divided into combined treatment group(n=43)and simple treatment group(n=43).In the combined treatment group,the patients were administrated with 160 mg cinepazide maleate injection(Beijing Four-ring Pharmaceutical,Co.,Ltd,No.H200220125;80 mg/2 mL)added in 5% glucose,and 40 mg tanshinone Ⅱ sodium sulfonate(Shanghai No.1 Biochemical & Pharmaceutical Co.,Ltd.,No.H31022558,10 mg/2 mL)added in 250 mL normal saline.In the simple treatment group,the patients were only administrated with cinepazide maleate 320 mg added in 5% glucose or 250 mL normal saline.They were treated for 1 or 2 courses,once a day,and 14 days as a course.The patients were detected before treatment and at 14 and 28 days after treatment respectively.① Determination of hemorrheologic indexes:Whole blood viscosity was determined with LBY-N6B automatic hemorrheologic meter;Plasma viscosity with LBY-F200B automatic plasma viscosity meter;Volume of fibrinogen was determined by the method of 12.5% sodium nitrate depositing biuret reaction.② Determination of blood lipids:The serum levels of total cholesterol(TC),triglyceride(TG),low density lipoprotein cholesterol(LDL-C)and high density lipoprotein cholesterol(HDL-C)were determined.③ Severity of neurological deficit:The total score of neurological deficit score(NDS)ranged from 0 to 45 points,0-15 points was taken as mild,16-30 points as moderate and 31-45 points as severe.④ Evaluation of curative effects:Generally cured:NDS decreased by 91%-100%,and disabled severity of grade 0;Significantly improved:NDS decreased by 46%-90%,and disabled severity of grades 1-3;Improved:NDS decreased by 18%-45%;No change:NDS decreased by less than 18%;Aggravated:NDS increased by more than 18%.Generally cured and significant improved were taken as significant effect.⑤ The adverse events and side effects after medication were observed.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES:① Results of hemorrheologic indexes and blood lipids;② NDS results in the combined treatment group and simple treatment group;③ Therapeutic effects and adverse events.RESULTS:All the 86 patients with cerebral infarction and 40 healthy controls were involved in the analysis of results.① Results of hemorrheologic indexes and blood lipids:The hemorrheologic indexes and blood lipids before treatment were manifested as abnormalities to different extents in both the combined treatment group and simple treatment group;The hemorrheologic indexes after treatment were obviously improved in both groups.But the hemorrheologic indexes were improved more obviously in the combined treatment group as compared with those in the simple treatment group(P < 0.05);The levels of TC,TG and LDL-Cafter treatment in the combined treatment group were obviously lowered(P < 0.05),whereas those in the simple treatment group were not significantly changed(P > 0.05).② NDS results:The NDS scores at 14 and 28 days after treatment in the combined treatment group(6.23±2.34),(4.27±1.83)points were obviously lower than those in the simple treatment group(8.76±3.41),(6.65±2.49)points,P < 0.05.③ Therapeutic effects and side effects:The total significant effective rates in the combined treatment group and simple treatment group were 93% and 81% respectively.In the combined treatment group,1 case suffered from palpitation,dizziness and agrypnia.In the simple treatment group,1 case suffered from palpitation,dizziness and agrypnia,1 case had itch of skin.All the above symptoms disappeared gradually after the transfusing speed was adjusted to be slower.No drug withdrawal occurred in the patients due to the adverse events.CONCLUSION:Cinepazide maleate combined with tanshinon can obviously improve the abnormalities of hemorrheologic indexes and blood lipids and nerve function in patients with acute cerebral infarction,and its curative effect is faster than that of simple cinepazide maleate treatment.
文摘Introduction: Cardiovascular disease represents a major public health burden worldwide. Research and management of risk factors contribute to the prevention of these diseases. The aim of this study was to assess the prevalence of dyslipidemia in the biochemistry unit of the Charles De Gaulle Pediatric University Hospital (CHUP-CDG) in Ouagadougou. Material and Methods: This was a descriptive and analytical cross-sectional study, with retrospective data collection from January 1, 2020 to December 31, 2022. Patients of all ages who performed a lipid panel in the CHUP-CDG biochemistry unit during the study period have been included. Results: A total of 2872 patients have been included. The mean age of the study population was 27.72 ± 19.51 years and the M/F sex ratio was 0.81. Among the patients, 22.84% had at least one dyslipidemia. The prevalences of hypercholesterolemia, hypo-HDL cholesterolemia and hyper-LDL cholesterolemia were 11.57%, 49.19% and 57.50% respectively. Hypertriglyceridemia and mixed hyperlipidemia were present in 9.04% and 2.08% of patients. Hypercholesterolemia was significantly more frequent in the female sex (p = 0.0077);hyper-LDL cholesterolemia (p = 0.0255) and mixed hyperlipidemia (p Conclusion: The relatively high prevalence of dyslipidemia in the study indicates a worrying situation. It would therefore appear essential to extend the search for risk factors nationwide, particularly those that can be modified, in order to reduce morbidity and mortality linked to cardiovascular disease.
