Initial condition and model errors both contribute to the loss of atmospheric predictability.However,it remains debatable which type of error has the larger impact on the prediction lead time of specific states.In thi...Initial condition and model errors both contribute to the loss of atmospheric predictability.However,it remains debatable which type of error has the larger impact on the prediction lead time of specific states.In this study,we perform a theoretical study to investigate the relative effects of initial condition and model errors on local prediction lead time of given states in the Lorenz model.Using the backward nonlinear local Lyapunov exponent method,the prediction lead time,also called local backward predictability limit(LBPL),of given states induced by the two types of errors can be quantitatively estimated.Results show that the structure of the Lorenz attractor leads to a layered distribution of LBPLs of states.On an individual circular orbit,the LBPLs are roughly the same,whereas they are different on different orbits.The spatial distributions of LBPLs show that the relative effects of initial condition and model errors on local backward predictability depend on the locations of given states on the dynamical trajectory and the error magnitudes.When the error magnitude is fixed,the differences between the LBPLs vary with the locations of given states.The larger differences are mainly located on the inner trajectories of regimes.When the error magnitudes are different,the dissimilarities in LBPLs are diverse for the same given state.展开更多
This paper presents an optimization method to compute the rotary axes of a 5-axis FDM printer whose A-and C-axes have large deviations relative to the x-and z-directions.The optimization model is designed according to...This paper presents an optimization method to compute the rotary axes of a 5-axis FDM printer whose A-and C-axes have large deviations relative to the x-and z-directions.The optimization model is designed according to the kinematic model in which a point rotates around a spatial line in the machine coordinate system of the printer.The model considers the A-and C-axes as two spatial lines.It is a two-object optimization model including two aspects.One is that the sum of deviations between the measured and computed points should be small;the other is that the deviations should be uniformly distributed for every measured point.A comparison of the new optimization method with conventional error-compensation methods reveals that the former has higher location accuracy.Using the optimized AC axes,5-axis 3D printing paths are planned for some complex workpieces.Data analysis and printing samples show that the optimized AC axes satisfy 5-axes FDM printing requirements for nozzles with a diameter of 1.0 mm.展开更多
Based on the Berlekamp-Massy (BM) algorithm for Reed-Solomon(RS) decoding,an improved version is proposed,which focuses on how to find the error locator polynomial using least iterative operations. The conditions to e...Based on the Berlekamp-Massy (BM) algorithm for Reed-Solomon(RS) decoding,an improved version is proposed,which focuses on how to find the error locator polynomial using least iterative operations. The conditions to end the iterative operations is derived. As a special case,criterion of only one error symbol in one received codeword is derived as well. Steps are listed concerning the implementation of the improved iterative decoding algorithm,which is carried out as software on the platform of TI's C6416 DSP. Decoding performance and decoding-delay of both improved and original algorithms under different (n,k) conditions are simulated. The results of simulations demonstrate that the improved algorithm has less computational complexity when the number of errors in a received codeword is relatively small. Therefore,in channels with low noise power spectrum density,the improved algorithm results in less decoding-delay than BM algorithm.展开更多
Digital elevation model(DEM)matching techniques have been extended to DEM deformation detection by substituting a robust estimator for the least squares estimator,in which terrain changes are treated as gross errors.H...Digital elevation model(DEM)matching techniques have been extended to DEM deformation detection by substituting a robust estimator for the least squares estimator,in which terrain changes are treated as gross errors.However,all existing methods only emphasise their deformation detecting ability,and neglect another important aspect:only when the gross error can be detected and located,can this system be useful.This paper employs the gross error judgement matrix as a tool to make an in-depth analysis of this problem.The theoretical analyses and experimental results show that observations in the DEM matching algorithm in real applications have the ability to detect and locate gross errors.Therefore,treating the terrain changes as gross errors is theoretically feasible,allowing real DEM deformations to be detected by employing a surface matching technique.展开更多
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos.42005054,41975070)China Postdoctoral Science Foundation (Grant No.2020M681154)。
文摘Initial condition and model errors both contribute to the loss of atmospheric predictability.However,it remains debatable which type of error has the larger impact on the prediction lead time of specific states.In this study,we perform a theoretical study to investigate the relative effects of initial condition and model errors on local prediction lead time of given states in the Lorenz model.Using the backward nonlinear local Lyapunov exponent method,the prediction lead time,also called local backward predictability limit(LBPL),of given states induced by the two types of errors can be quantitatively estimated.Results show that the structure of the Lorenz attractor leads to a layered distribution of LBPLs of states.On an individual circular orbit,the LBPLs are roughly the same,whereas they are different on different orbits.The spatial distributions of LBPLs show that the relative effects of initial condition and model errors on local backward predictability depend on the locations of given states on the dynamical trajectory and the error magnitudes.When the error magnitude is fixed,the differences between the LBPLs vary with the locations of given states.The larger differences are mainly located on the inner trajectories of regimes.When the error magnitudes are different,the dissimilarities in LBPLs are diverse for the same given state.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(51975281,51705183).
文摘This paper presents an optimization method to compute the rotary axes of a 5-axis FDM printer whose A-and C-axes have large deviations relative to the x-and z-directions.The optimization model is designed according to the kinematic model in which a point rotates around a spatial line in the machine coordinate system of the printer.The model considers the A-and C-axes as two spatial lines.It is a two-object optimization model including two aspects.One is that the sum of deviations between the measured and computed points should be small;the other is that the deviations should be uniformly distributed for every measured point.A comparison of the new optimization method with conventional error-compensation methods reveals that the former has higher location accuracy.Using the optimized AC axes,5-axis 3D printing paths are planned for some complex workpieces.Data analysis and printing samples show that the optimized AC axes satisfy 5-axes FDM printing requirements for nozzles with a diameter of 1.0 mm.
基金Sponsored by the National High Technology Research and Development Program of China ("863"Program) (2007AA01Z293)
文摘Based on the Berlekamp-Massy (BM) algorithm for Reed-Solomon(RS) decoding,an improved version is proposed,which focuses on how to find the error locator polynomial using least iterative operations. The conditions to end the iterative operations is derived. As a special case,criterion of only one error symbol in one received codeword is derived as well. Steps are listed concerning the implementation of the improved iterative decoding algorithm,which is carried out as software on the platform of TI's C6416 DSP. Decoding performance and decoding-delay of both improved and original algorithms under different (n,k) conditions are simulated. The results of simulations demonstrate that the improved algorithm has less computational complexity when the number of errors in a received codeword is relatively small. Therefore,in channels with low noise power spectrum density,the improved algorithm results in less decoding-delay than BM algorithm.
基金This research is supported by the National High Technology Plan(863)of the People’s Republic of China,Project No.2009AA12Z207.
文摘Digital elevation model(DEM)matching techniques have been extended to DEM deformation detection by substituting a robust estimator for the least squares estimator,in which terrain changes are treated as gross errors.However,all existing methods only emphasise their deformation detecting ability,and neglect another important aspect:only when the gross error can be detected and located,can this system be useful.This paper employs the gross error judgement matrix as a tool to make an in-depth analysis of this problem.The theoretical analyses and experimental results show that observations in the DEM matching algorithm in real applications have the ability to detect and locate gross errors.Therefore,treating the terrain changes as gross errors is theoretically feasible,allowing real DEM deformations to be detected by employing a surface matching technique.
