Tissue dielectric properties can vary upon the incident of an acoustic wave.The goal of this study is to quantify this change due to the acoustoelectric effect(AE),and to obtain the frequency-dependent dielectric prop...Tissue dielectric properties can vary upon the incident of an acoustic wave.The goal of this study is to quantify this change due to the acoustoelectric effect(AE),and to obtain the frequency-dependent dielectric properties of tissues exposed to low-intensity focused ultrasound(LIFU).The dielectric properties of the blood,brain,chest muscle,heart,kidney,leg muscle,liver,lung,pancreas,and spleen of rats were measured by an open-ended coaxial probe method.The acoustic intensity of LIFU focus was 2.97 MPa(67.6 W/cm^(2)),3.95 MPa(120 W/cm^(2)),and 5.17 MPa(204 W/cm^(2)),respectively,and the measurement frequency band was 0.1–7.08 GHz.The measurement results show that with the LIFU modulation,the conductivity and dielectric constant decreased in the high-frequency band,and on the contrary,they increased in the lowfrequency band,and the larger the acoustic intensity was,the more obvious the phenomenon was.This work contributes to a better understanding of the mechanisms by which ultrasound acts on the dielectric properties of biological tissues.It is expected that the findings from this study will provide a basis that the response of tissue to LIFU modulation can be monitored by noninvasive techniques such as microwave-induced thermoacoustic imaging(MTI)and microwave imaging,present a new idea for improving the endogenous contrast between different biological tissues in MTI and acoustoelectric imaging,and possibly lead to the development of a new imaging method based on the relaxation time of tissue after LIFU modulation.展开更多
Objective:To observe the effect of low-intensity pulsed ultrasound in the posterolateral Lumbar fusion of rabbit.Methods:A total of 48 New Zealand white rabbits were randomly divided into the observation group and con...Objective:To observe the effect of low-intensity pulsed ultrasound in the posterolateral Lumbar fusion of rabbit.Methods:A total of 48 New Zealand white rabbits were randomly divided into the observation group and control group,including the autogenous iliac observation group.artificial bone observation group,artificial bone control group and autogenous iliac control group according to the different bone grafting.The posterolateral lumbar fusion of rabbits in each group was analyzed and compared.Results:After 4 weeks of treatment using the low-intensity pulsed ultrasound,the fusion in the bone grafting area of observation group was good.There was the relatively dense fusion area between the right transverse process and artificial bone.The left transverse process had been completely fused,with the clear bone trabecula through the fusion area.There was no significant fusion sign in the control group.According to the fusion comparison between two groups,the fusion rale of the observation group was 83.3%and it was significantly higher than the one of the control group(37.5%).Results of the comparison were statistically significant(P<0.05).The number of chondrocytes and the increase in the relative gray-scale in the fusion area of the iliac observation group were significantly higher than ones of the iliac control group(P<0.05).The number of chondrocytes and the increase in the relative gray-scale in the fusion area of the artificial bone observation group were significantly higher than ones of the artificial bone control group(P<0.05).The expression of IL-1.IL-6 and IL-17 4 weeks after the treatment of the observation group was significantly lower than the one of the control group,with the statistical significance(P<0.05).It indicated that the treatment of low-intensity pulsed ultrasound could reduce the expression level of inflammatory factors.Conclusions:The low-intensity pulsed ultrasound can significantly increase the bone grafting fusion rate of the rabbit's posterolateral lumbar fusion.The possible mechanism is that it promotes the lumbar posterolateral endochondral ossification and reduces the inflammatory reaction.展开更多
BACKGROUND: Ultrasound is a kind of mechanical wave and characterized by mechanical effect,heat affect and physical and chemical effect.Ultrasound can promote regeneration of peripheral nerves after a slight injury ba...BACKGROUND: Ultrasound is a kind of mechanical wave and characterized by mechanical effect,heat affect and physical and chemical effect.Ultrasound can promote regeneration of peripheral nerves after a slight injury based on its mechanical effect.However,whether it can promote regeneration of peripheral nerves after a severe injury or not is still unclear.OBJECTIVE: To study the effect of low-intensity ultrasound(LIU)on regeneration of injured peripheral nerve,throgh examining sciatic nerve function index,the sensory nerve conduction velocity and the thickness of myelin sheath.DESIGN: Single factor design of contrast observation.SETTING: Institute of Ultrasound Engineering,Chongqing Medical University.MATERIALS:A total of 64 female Wistar rats,of clean grade,age 3 moths,weighing 200-250g ,were provided by Experimental Animal Center of Chongqing Medical University. All rats were randomly divided into treatment group and control group with 32 in each group. In addition rats were observed at 4 time points, including 2,4,6 and 8 weeks,with 8 at each time point.The main equipments were detailed as follows:forceps (Medical Treatment Apparatus Company,Chongqing),low-intensity ultrasound treatment instrument(Institute of Ulrasound Engineering in Medicine),the analysis instrument of diagram resembles and arithmetic figure(the United States Bio-RAD Company),ultrasound coupling agent(Xunde Image material factory,Hangzhou),Osmium Tetraoxide(Next Chimicam,South Africa).METHODS:The experiment was carried out in Institute of Ultrasound Engineering of Chongqing Medical University from December 2003 to May 2004.The right sciatic nerves of 64 rats were crushed with forceps for 30 s to form the experimental animal models.Then they were treated at 3 days after operation.Rats in the treatment group received the LIU exposure.LIU was applied every other day to the crush site of rats,which had a spatial peak,time-averaged intensity of 0.25 W/cm2 operated at 1 MHz for 1 minute per application for total 8 weeks.At various stages after operation,the sciatic nerve function index(SFI).the sensory nerve conduction velocity and its histology were detected.Rats in the control received a sham exposure.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES:SFI;sensory nerve conduction velocity;density of myelinated nerve fiber;velocity of nerve regeneration;histological examination.RESULTS: Among 64 Wistar rats, 2 were lost during the experiment and another 2 were supplied. ①Histological examination:Two weeks after treatment,degeneration of axis-cylinder and myelin sheath was obvious in treatment group as compared with that in control group. Within 4-8 weeks after treatment.regeneration of axis-cylinder and myelin sheath of nerve fiber was superior in treatment group to that in control group.At 8 weeks after treatment,axis-cylinder and myelin sheath in treatment group were closed to normal value.Quantity of nerve fiber was less in control group than that in treatment group and the arrangement was disorder.At 2,4 and 6 weeks after treatment,proliferation of Schwann cells was superior in treatment group to that in control group.At 6 and 8 weeks after treatment,proliferation of fiber tissue in nerve was severer in control group than that in treatment group.②SFI:At 4.6 and 8 weeks after treatment.SFI was higher in treatment group than that in control group(t=8.00,12.41m15.13,P＜0.01).③Sensory nerve conduction velocity:At 2,4,6 and 8 weeks after treatment,sensory nerve conduction velocity was faster in treatment group than that in control group(t=11.74,10.81,3.51,P＜0.01).④Density of myelinated nerve fiber:At 2,4,6 and 8 weeks after treatment,density of myelinated nerve fiber was higher in treatment group than that in control group(t=2.16,P＜0.05;t=3.29,3.52,3.23,P＜0.01).⑤Velocity of nerve regeneration:Velocity of nerve regeneration was(1.50+0.08)mm/d and(1.22±0.10)mm/d of treatment group and control group.respectively. This suggested that velocity of nerve regeneration was faster in treatment group than that in control group(t=2.708,P＜0.05).CONCLUSION:LIU can promote the regeneration of injured peripheral nerve from the appearance,construction,function aspect and functional recovery.Its mechanism may be through the modulation and effect of many links of nerve regeneration process.展开更多
Objective:To systematically identify the therapeutic effects of low-intensity laser with 830 nm on diabetic neuropathic pain.Methods:Thirty male SPF Wistar rats were equally assigned to the blank control(Control),diab...Objective:To systematically identify the therapeutic effects of low-intensity laser with 830 nm on diabetic neuropathic pain.Methods:Thirty male SPF Wistar rats were equally assigned to the blank control(Control),diabetic neuropathic pain(DNP)and diabetic neuropathic pain exposed to the laser treatment(DNP+Laser)groups.The rats in the DNP group and DNP+Laser group were subjected to intraperitoneal injection with streptozotocin(STZ)to establish the diabetic animal model.The rats in the DNP+Laser group were exposed to laser stimulation(700 Hz,60 mW)with 3 sessions per day and 50 s per session for overall 8 weeks.The paw mechanical pain threshold levels and thermal pain threshold levels were measured at 0,2,4,6 and 8 weeks post the STZ administration,and the motor nerve conduction velocity and sensory nerve conduction velocity were also determined.Results:The rats in the DNP+EMF group showed significantly higher paw mechanical pain threshold levels and thermal pain threshold levels than the rats in the DNP group(P<0.05).Moreover,the motor nerve conduction velocity and sensory nerve conduction velocity in the DNP+Laser group were also significantly higher than those in the DNP group(P<0.05).Conclusion:Low-intensity laser stimulation displayed positive effects on the attenuation of the progression of neuropathic pain in diabetic rats,implying that low-intensity laser treatment has the potential to be an effective biophysical approach for diabetic neuropathic pain in clinics.展开更多
Ischaemic Heart Disease (IHD) or Coronary heart disease means that the heart is not getting enough blood and oxygen supply through the coronary arteries. The most common cause of this disease is the process of atheros...Ischaemic Heart Disease (IHD) or Coronary heart disease means that the heart is not getting enough blood and oxygen supply through the coronary arteries. The most common cause of this disease is the process of atherosclerosis in the coronary arteries. Although significant progress has been made in the management of ischaemic heart disease (IHD) The number of severe IHD patients is increasing. The treatment options for IHD <span lang="EN-US" style="font-family:Verdana;">have</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family:Verdana;"> not changed much over the last three decades</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family:Verdana;">,</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:10pt;font-family:""> </span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family:Verdana;">w</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family:Verdana;">hich </span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family:Verdana;">is </span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family:Verdana;">divided between medications, coronary Angioplasty and Coronary artery bypass surgery. Thus it was crucial to develop new, non-invasive therapeutic strategies in case of Failure of medical or interventional therapy or in case patient is not fit for surgery or angioplasty. In this study</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family:Verdana;">,</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family:Verdana;"> we are pleased to reveal a novel technique </span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family:Verdana;">that</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family:Verdana;"> was carried out on </span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family:Verdana;">a </span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family:Verdana;">human model. We aimed to develop low-intensity pulsed ultrasound (LIPUS) therapy for the treatment of patients with Ischaemic Heart Disease. We have set up the inclusion and exclusion criteria, the treatment protocol of LIPUS on IHD patients. In this limited group of IHD patients, We found promising clinical results and improvement on myocardial functions.</span>展开更多
Excellent firm bonding between the biomaterials and bone tissue (osseointegration and osteo-conductivity) has been desired for the stability in vivo of dental implants and artificial joints. Much has been learned abou...Excellent firm bonding between the biomaterials and bone tissue (osseointegration and osteo-conductivity) has been desired for the stability in vivo of dental implants and artificial joints. Much has been learned about this concept, which has led to significant improvements in the design and surface modification of implants in the field of implant dentistry, orthopedic surgery. We have already reported that low-intensity pulsed ultrasound (LIPUS) irradiation can accelerate the bone bonding ability of the bio-conductive materials such as bioactive titanium and hydroxyapatite implant. However, it is still unclear whether the LIPUS could have same effect to different types of the bioactive-materials. Therefore, in this study, the differences of bone-like hydroxyapatite formation on some kind of hydroxyapatite surface in simulated body fluid (SBF) under the LIPUS irradiation were investigated. Two kinds of hydroxyapatite samples immersed in SBF was exposed to ultrasound waves, the bone-like apatite on the surface was analyzed by Scanning electron microscopy and X-ray diffraction. As a result, the enhancement of hydroxyapatite formation on the surface by LIPUS was confirmed, the initial epitaxial nucleation and crystal growth of apatite depended on crystal structure of the surface of matrix materials.展开更多
Objective To evaluate the method of low-intensity anticoagulation therapy in the pregnant women who had received mechanical heart valve replacemant,and the effects of warfarin on the pregnant women and their fetus. Me...Objective To evaluate the method of low-intensity anticoagulation therapy in the pregnant women who had received mechanical heart valve replacemant,and the effects of warfarin on the pregnant women and their fetus. Methods This retrospective study involved 56 pregnant women (61 pregnancies) who had received mechanical heart valve replacement. Their pregnant status,delivery, and anticoagulation therapy were observed展开更多
Partial nitrification is a key aspect of efficient nitrogen removal,although practically it suf-fers from long start-up cycles and unstable long-term operational performance.To address these drawbacks,this study inves...Partial nitrification is a key aspect of efficient nitrogen removal,although practically it suf-fers from long start-up cycles and unstable long-term operational performance.To address these drawbacks,this study investigated the effect of low intensity ultrasound treatment combined with hydroxylamine(NH2OH)on the performance of partial nitrification.Results showthat compared with the control group,low-intensity ultrasound treatment(0.10W/mL,15 min)combined with NH2OH(5 mg/L)reduced the time required for partial nitrification initiation by 6 days,increasing the nitrite accumulation rate(NAR)and ammonia nitro-gen removal rate(NRR)by 20.4% and 6.7%,respectively,achieving 96.48% NRR.Mechanis-tic analysis showed that NH2OH enhanced ammonia oxidation,inhibited nitrite-oxidizing bacteria(NOB)activity and shortened the time required for partial nitrification initiation.Furthermore,ultrasonication combined with NH2OH dosing stimulated EPS(extracellular polymeric substances)secretion,increased carbonyl,hydroxyl and amine functional group abundances and enhanced mass transfer.In addition,16S rRNA gene sequencing results showed that ultrasonication-sensitive Nitrospira disappeared from the ultrasound+NH_(2)OH system,while Nitrosomonas gradually became the dominant group.Collectively,the results of this study provide valuable insight into the enhancement of partial nitrification start-up during the process of wastewater nitrogen removal.展开更多
BACKGROUND The bone remodeling during orthodontic treatment for malocclusion often requires a long duration of around two to three years,which also may lead to some complications such as alveolar bone resorption or to...BACKGROUND The bone remodeling during orthodontic treatment for malocclusion often requires a long duration of around two to three years,which also may lead to some complications such as alveolar bone resorption or tooth root resorption.Low-intensity pulsed ultrasound(LIPUS),a noninvasive physical therapy,has been shown to promote bone fracture healing.It is also reported that LIPUS could reduce the duration of orthodontic treatment;however,how LIPUS regulates the bone metabolism during the orthodontic treatment process is still unclear.AIM To investigate the effects of LIPUS on bone remodeling in an orthodontic tooth movement(OTM)model and explore the underlying mechanisms.METHODS A rat model of OTM was established,and alveolar bone remodeling and tooth movement rate were evaluated via micro-computed tomography and staining of tissue sections.In vitro,human bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells(hBMSCs)were isolated to detect their osteogenic differentiation potential under compression and LIPUS stimulation by quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction,Western blot,alkaline phosphatase(ALP)staining,and Alizarin red staining.The expression of Yes-associated protein(YAP1),the actin cytoskeleton,and the Lamin A/C nucleoskeleton were detected with or without YAP1 small interfering RNA(siRNA)application via immunofluorescence.RESULTS The force treatment inhibited the osteogenic differentiation potential of hBMSCs;moreover,the expression of osteogenesis markers,such as type 1 collagen(COL1),runt-related transcription factor 2,ALP,and osteocalcin(OCN),decreased.LIPUS could rescue the osteogenic differentiation of hBMSCs with increased expression of osteogenic marker inhibited by force.Mechanically,the expression of LaminA/C,F-actin,and YAP1 was downregulated after force treatment,which could be rescued by LIPUS.Moreover,the osteogenic differentiation of hBMSCs increased by LIPUS could be attenuated by YAP siRNA treatment.Consistently,LIPUS increased alveolar bone density and decreased vertical bone absorption in vivo.The decreased expression of COL1,OCN,and YAP1 on the compression side of the alveolar bone was partially rescued by LIPUS.CONCLUSION LIPUS can accelerate tooth movement and reduce alveolar bone resorption by modulating the cytoskeleton-Lamin A/C-YAP axis,which may be a promising strategy to reduce the orthodontic treatment process.展开更多
Objective To compare the clinical effect of arsenic-containing Qinghuang Powder(QHP)and low-intensity chemotherapy(LIC)in treatment of elderly acute myeloid leukemia(eAML)patients.Methods Clinical data of 80 eAML pati...Objective To compare the clinical effect of arsenic-containing Qinghuang Powder(QHP)and low-intensity chemotherapy(LIC)in treatment of elderly acute myeloid leukemia(eAML)patients.Methods Clinical data of 80 eAML patients treated at Xiyuan Hospital of China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences from January 2015 to December 2020 were retrospectively analyzed.The treatment scheme was designed by real world study according to patients’preference,and patients were divided into a QHP group(35 cases)and a LIC group(45 cases).The median overall survival(mOS),1-,2-,and 3-year OS rates,and incidence of adverse events were compared between the two groups.Results The mOS of 80 patients was 11 months,and the 1-,2-,and 3-year OS rates were 45.51%,17.96%,and 11.05%,respectively.The QHP and LIC groups demonstrated no significant difference in mOS(12 months vs.10 months),1-(48.57%vs.39.65%),2-(11.43%vs.20.04%),and 3-year OS rates(5.71%vs.13.27%,all P>0.05).Moreover,the related factors of mOS demonstrated no significant difference in patients with age>75 years(11 months vs.8 months),secondary AML(11 months vs.8 months),poor genetic prognosis(9 months vs.7 months),Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group performance status score≥(10 months vs.7 months)and hematopoietic stem cell transplant comorbidity index≥4(11 months vs.7 months)between the QHP and LIC groups(all P>0.05).However,the incidence of myelosuppression was significantly lower in the QHP group than that in the LIC group(28.57%vs.73.33%,P<0.01).Conclusions QHP and LIC had similar survival rates in eAML patients,but QHP had a lower myelosuppression incidence.Hence,QHP can be an alternative for eAML patients who do not tolerate LIC.展开更多
Extracellular vesicles(EVs)derived from mesenchymal stem cells(MSCs)have emerged as a new mode of intercellular crosstalk and are responsible for many of the thera-peutic effects of MSCs.To promote the application of ...Extracellular vesicles(EVs)derived from mesenchymal stem cells(MSCs)have emerged as a new mode of intercellular crosstalk and are responsible for many of the thera-peutic effects of MSCs.To promote the application of MSC-EVs,recent studies have focused on the manipulation of MSCs to improve the production of EVs and EV-mediated activities.The current paper details an optimization method using non-invasive low-intensity pulsed ul-trasound(LIPUS)as the stimulation for improving oral MSC-EV production and effectiveness.Stem cells from apical papilla(SCAP),a type of oral mesenchymal stem cell,displayed inten-sity-dependent pro-osteogenic and anti-inflammatory responses to LIPUS without significant cytotoxicity or apoptosis.The stimuli increased the secretion of EVs by promoting the expres-sion of neutral sphingomyelinases in SCAP.In addition,EVs from LIPUS-induced SCAP exhibited stronger efficacy in promoting the osteogenic differentiation and anti-inflammation of peri-odontal ligament cells in vitro and alleviating oral inflammatory bone loss in vivo.In addition,LIPUS stimulation affected the physical characteristics and miRNA cargo of SCAP-EVs.Further investigations indicated that miR-935 is an important mediator of the pro-osteogenic and anti-inflammatory capabilities of LIPUS-induced SCAP-EVs.Taken together,these findings demonstrate that LIPUS is a simple and effective physical method to optimize SCAP-EV produc-tion and efficacy.展开更多
Low-intensity extracorporeal shockwave therapy(LiESWT)represents a promising treatment for patients with erectile dysfunction(ED).We investigated the efficacy of LiESWT combined with tadalafil 5 mg once daily in men w...Low-intensity extracorporeal shockwave therapy(LiESWT)represents a promising treatment for patients with erectile dysfunction(ED).We investigated the efficacy of LiESWT combined with tadalafil 5 mg once daily in men with type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM)and ED and compared LiESWT protocols administering different number of shockwaves.We performed a retrospective matched-pair comparison using data from a prospectively maintained database.Seventy-eight patients who received tadalafil 5 mg once dai7ly for 12 weeks+LiESWT performed with an electrohydraulic source for 3 weeks(Group A)were matched 1:1 to patients who received tadalafil 5 mg once daily alone for 12 weeks(Group B).A subgroup analysis was performed according to the number of shockwaves delivered during each session(1500,1800,and 2400 in subgroup A1,A2,and A3,respectively).The mean International Index of Erectile Function-5(IIEF-5)score variations with respect to baseline recorded at 4,12,and 24 weeks after the end of the treatment were investigated as treatment outcomes.The mean IIEF-5 scores significantly improved in all groups and subgroups at 4-week follow-up without intergroup differences.At 12-and 24-week follow-up,the mean IIEF-5 improvement was significantly higher among patients in the A3 subgroup(+5.0±2.1[P<0.001]and+4.7±2.3[P<0.001],respectively).The combined approach with tadalafil 5 mg once daily and LiESWT with a protocol involving 2400 shockwaves provides significant advantages in terms of IIEF-5 improvement and durability compared to tadalafil 5 mg once daily alone in patients with T2DM and ED.展开更多
Developing bioactive materials for bone implants to enhance bone healing and bone growth has for years been the focus of clinical research.Barium titanate(BT)is an electroactive material that can generate electrical s...Developing bioactive materials for bone implants to enhance bone healing and bone growth has for years been the focus of clinical research.Barium titanate(BT)is an electroactive material that can generate electrical signals in response to applied mechanical forces.In this study,a BT piezoelectric ceramic coating was synthesized on the surface of a TC4 titanium alloy,forming a BT/TC4 material,and low-intensity pulsed ultrasound(LIPUS)was then applied as a mechanical stimulus.The combined effects on the biological responses of MC3T3-E1 cells were investigated.Results of scanning electron microscopy,energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy,and X-ray diffraction showed that an uniform nanospheres-shaped BT coating was formed on TC4 substrate.Piezoelectric behaviors were observed using piezoelectric force microscopy with the piezoelectric coefficient d_(33)of 0.42 pC/N.Electrochemical measures indicated that LIPUS-stimulated BT/TC4 materials could produce a microcurrent of approximately 10μA/cm^(2).In vitro,the greatest osteogenesis(cell adhesion,proliferation,and osteogenic differentiation)was found in MC3T3-E1 cells when BT/TC4 was stimulated using LIPUS.Furthermore,the intracellular calcium ion concentration increased in these cells,possibly because opening of the L-type calcium ion channels was promoted and expression of the Ca_(V)1.2 protein was increased.Therefore,the piezoelectric BT/TC4 material with LIPUS loading synergistically promoted osteogenesis,rending it a potential treatment for early stage formation of reliable bone-implant contact.展开更多
Peripheral nerve damage,such as that found after surgery or trauma,is a substantial clinical challenge.Much research continues in attempts to improve outcomes after peripheral nerve damage and to promote nerve repair ...Peripheral nerve damage,such as that found after surgery or trauma,is a substantial clinical challenge.Much research continues in attempts to improve outcomes after peripheral nerve damage and to promote nerve repair after injury.In recent years,low-intensity pulsed ultrasound(LIPUS)has been studied as a potential method of stimulating peripheral nerve regeneration.In this review,the physiology of peripheral nerve regeneration is reviewed,and the experiments employing LIPUS to improve peripheral nerve regeneration are discussed.Application of LIPUS following nerve surgery may promote nerve regeneration and improve functional outcomes through a variety of proposed mechanisms.These include an increase of neurotrophic factors,Schwann cell(SC)activation,cellular signaling activations,and induction of mitosis.We searched PubMed for articles related to these topics in both in vitro and in vivo animal research models.We found numerous studies,suggesting that LIPUS following nerve surgery promotes nerve regeneration and improves functional outcomes.Based on these findings,LIPUS could be a novel and valuable treatment for nerve injury-induced erectile dysfunction.展开更多
ABO_(3)-type perovskite oxides with abounding defect structures and diverse physical chemistry attributes have been extensively studied in heterogeneous catalysis.Semiconductor LaFeO_(3)perovskites fabricated via the ...ABO_(3)-type perovskite oxides with abounding defect structures and diverse physical chemistry attributes have been extensively studied in heterogeneous catalysis.Semiconductor LaFeO_(3)perovskites fabricated via the sol-gel method were used as peroxydisulfate(PDS)activators for methylene blue(MB)degradation under low-intensity ultra-violet(UV)-light to evaluate the degradation efficiency of organic pollutants and mechanism.The results indicate that under low-intensity UV irradiation,the developed UV/LaFeO_(3)/PDS system shows excellent degradation ability of organic pollutants in a wide pH range.Electron spin resonance and radical quenching experiments verify that SO_(4)^(·-),·OH,h^(+)and ^(1)O_(2)are generated during the activation process,and ^(1)O_(2)plays a dominant role in MB degradation.Reduction of low oxidation state Fe(Ⅱ)and O_(2)^(2-)/O^(-)on the LaFeO_(3)surface shows that oxygen vacancy,as the electron transfer mediator,enhances the redox cycle efficiency of Fe(Ⅱ)/Fe(Ⅲ).Photogenerated electrons of LaFeO_(3)involved in the cyclic transformation of Fe(Ⅱ)/Fe(Ⅲ)and PDS activation further increase the number of active radicals and thus promote the synergistic effect of photocatalytic coupled with sulfate radicalbased advanced oxidation processes.展开更多
Low-intensity pulsed ultrasound (LIPUS) is a promising therapy that has been increasingly explored in basic research and clinical applications. LIPUS is an appealing therapeutic option as it is a noninvasive treatment...Low-intensity pulsed ultrasound (LIPUS) is a promising therapy that has been increasingly explored in basic research and clinical applications. LIPUS is an appealing therapeutic option as it is a noninvasive treatment that has many advantages, including no risk of infection or tissue damage and no known adverse reactions. LIPUS has been shown to have many benefits including promotion of tissue healing, angiogenesis, and tissue regeneration;inhibition of inflammation and pain relief;and stimulation of cell proliferation and differentiation. The biophysical mechanisms of LIPUS remain unclear and the studies are ongoing. In recent years, more and more research has focused on the relationship between LIPUS and stem/progenitor cells. A comprehensive search of the PubMed and Embase databases to July 2020 was performed. LIPUS has many effects on stem cells. Studies show that LIPUS can stimulate stem cells in vitro;promote stem cell proliferation, differentiation, and migration;maintain stem cell activity;alleviate the problems of insufficient seed cell source, differentiation, and maturation;and circumvent the low efficiency of stem cell transplantation. The mechanisms involved in the effects of LIPUS are not fully understood, but the effects demonstrated in studies thus far have been favorable. Much additional research is needed before LIPUS can progress from basic science research to large-scale clinical dissemination and application.展开更多
In this study,we investigate how Schwann cells and dorsal root ganglion(DRG)neurons response to direct low-intensity pulsed ultrasound(LIPUS)stimuli in vitro.Primary Schwann cells and DRG were isolated from rat sciati...In this study,we investigate how Schwann cells and dorsal root ganglion(DRG)neurons response to direct low-intensity pulsed ultrasound(LIPUS)stimuli in vitro.Primary Schwann cells and DRG were isolated from rat sciatic nerve and spine,respectively.LIPUS with varied dose of intensity(low:250 mW/cm2,medium:500 m W/cm2,high:750 m W/cm2)were applied 5 min per time for every other day,and pro-myelination indicators of Schwann cell as well as neurite outgrowth of dorsal root ganglion neurons were analyzed.Our results demonstrated that LIPUS promoted Schwann cells activity and proliferation from day 3 at the highest intensity,and day 5 at all intensities.In addition,LIPUS boosted pro-myelination activities of Schwann cells,as evidenced by increased cell population that positive for immunohistochemical staining against S100,nerve growth factor receptor(NGFR)p75,glial fibrillary acidic protein(GFAP),myelin protein zero(P0),as well as up-regulation of GFAP,Protein 0,nerve growth factor(NGF),and brain derived neurotrophic factor(BDNF)genes.Furthermore,LIPUS significantly enhanced the neurite outgrowth of DRG,with the highest intensity exhibiting longest neurite outgrowth.Taken together,our results strongly improve the understanding of cellular mechanisms of ultrasonic therapies for peripheral nerve repair.展开更多
Background:Histological and functional recovery after peripheral nerve injury(PNI)is of significant clinical value as delayed surgical repair and longer distances to innervate terminal organs may account for poor outc...Background:Histological and functional recovery after peripheral nerve injury(PNI)is of significant clinical value as delayed surgical repair and longer distances to innervate terminal organs may account for poor outcomes.Low-intensity extracorporeal shock wave therapy(LiESWT)has already been proven to be beneficial for injured tissue recovery on various pathological conditions.The objective of this study was to explore the potential effect and mechanism of LiESWT on PNI recovery.Methods:In this project,we explored LiESWT’s role using an animal model of sciatic nerve injury(SNI).Shockwave was delivered to the region of the SNI site with a special probe at 3 Hz,500 shocks each time,and 3 times a week for 3 weeks.Rat Schwann cells(SCs)and rat perineurial fibroblasts(PNFs)cells,the two main compositional cell types in peripheral nerve tissue,were cultured in vitro,and LiESWT was applied through the cultured dish to the adherent cells.Tissues and cell cultures were harvested at corresponding time points for a reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction,Western blotting,and immunofluorescence staining.Multiple groups were compared by using one-way analysis of variance followed by the Tukey-Kramer test for post hoc comparisons.Results:LiESWT treatment promoted the functional recovery of lower extremities with SNI.More nerve fibers and myelin sheath were found after LiESWT treatment associated with local upregulation of mechanical sensitive yes-associated protein(YAP)/transcriptional co-activator with a PDZ-binding domain(TAZ)signaling pathway.In vitro results showed that SCs were more sensitive to LiESWT than PNFs.LiESWT promoted SCs activation with more expression of p75(a SCs dedifferentiation marker)and Ki67(a SCs proliferation marker).The SCs activation process was dependent on the intact YAP/TAZ signaling pathway as knockdown of TAZ by TAZ small interfering RNA significantly attenuated this process.Conclusion:The LiESWT mechanical signal perception and YAP/TAZ upregulation in SCs might be one of the underlying mechanisms for SCs activation and injured nerve axon regeneration.展开更多
Millimeter range signals have been widely used in biology and medicine over the 20-30 years of the last century.At this time in Ukraine have been developed and implemented treatment technologies,the main ones are mill...Millimeter range signals have been widely used in biology and medicine over the 20-30 years of the last century.At this time in Ukraine have been developed and implemented treatment technologies,the main ones are millimeter therapy(MMT),microwave resonance therapy(MRT),information-wave therapy(IWT).The features of this technologies are the use of signals in the frequency band 40-78 GHz with extremely low signal levels-10-9-10-11 W/cm2,the parameters are immanent to own communication signals of the human body.The author of the article attempts to conduct a combined analysis of hardware and software of these treatment technologies with mm-band signals.Thus the specialized equipment used for the treatment,technologies and the statistical results of its use for various diseases are considered.The problems of metrological support and measuring the weak signals of the mm range are proposed to solve by creating highly sensitive radiometric systems.The results of measurements of microwave signals of natural objects that can be used for physiotherapy and physical bodies that are in contact with or in human environment are submitted.Promising areas of the using the highly sensitive radiometric measurement equipment for research in biology and medicine are presented.展开更多
The difference of physicochemical properties among minerals in Baotou rare earth tailings is not significant,which leads to a great difficulty in separation of minerals.In this article,the process of magnetizing roast...The difference of physicochemical properties among minerals in Baotou rare earth tailings is not significant,which leads to a great difficulty in separation of minerals.In this article,the process of magnetizing roast and low-intensity magnetic separation was used to recover iron.Effect of calcination temperature,holding time and carbon/oxygen ratio on roasting efficiency was investigated.The parameters evaluating magnetizing roast efficiency and theoretical value were determined.X-ray diffraction(XRD)analysis was used to investigate the conversion of Fe phase after roasting.The results show that the best magnetizing roast conditions are calcination temperature of 650℃,holding time of 2.5 h,and carbon/oxygen molar ratio of 3.85.The best magnetization rate is 2.36,which is close to the theoretical value of 2.33.Based on experiments of low-intensity magnetic separation under different intensities,the best current intensity is 2.0 A to obtain the best separation results.Under the best condition,the concentrate grade of iron is 45.45% and the recovery of iron is 68.36%.Most of rare earth,fluorine,and phosphorus are enriched in the magnetic separation tailings.The XRD analysis shows that Fe exists in Fe2O3 before roasting and exists in Fe3O4after roasting.展开更多
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.82071940 and 62001075)Chongqing Municipal Education Commission Youth Fund,China(Grant Nos.KJQN20200607 and KJQN20200610).
文摘Tissue dielectric properties can vary upon the incident of an acoustic wave.The goal of this study is to quantify this change due to the acoustoelectric effect(AE),and to obtain the frequency-dependent dielectric properties of tissues exposed to low-intensity focused ultrasound(LIFU).The dielectric properties of the blood,brain,chest muscle,heart,kidney,leg muscle,liver,lung,pancreas,and spleen of rats were measured by an open-ended coaxial probe method.The acoustic intensity of LIFU focus was 2.97 MPa(67.6 W/cm^(2)),3.95 MPa(120 W/cm^(2)),and 5.17 MPa(204 W/cm^(2)),respectively,and the measurement frequency band was 0.1–7.08 GHz.The measurement results show that with the LIFU modulation,the conductivity and dielectric constant decreased in the high-frequency band,and on the contrary,they increased in the lowfrequency band,and the larger the acoustic intensity was,the more obvious the phenomenon was.This work contributes to a better understanding of the mechanisms by which ultrasound acts on the dielectric properties of biological tissues.It is expected that the findings from this study will provide a basis that the response of tissue to LIFU modulation can be monitored by noninvasive techniques such as microwave-induced thermoacoustic imaging(MTI)and microwave imaging,present a new idea for improving the endogenous contrast between different biological tissues in MTI and acoustoelectric imaging,and possibly lead to the development of a new imaging method based on the relaxation time of tissue after LIFU modulation.
文摘Objective:To observe the effect of low-intensity pulsed ultrasound in the posterolateral Lumbar fusion of rabbit.Methods:A total of 48 New Zealand white rabbits were randomly divided into the observation group and control group,including the autogenous iliac observation group.artificial bone observation group,artificial bone control group and autogenous iliac control group according to the different bone grafting.The posterolateral lumbar fusion of rabbits in each group was analyzed and compared.Results:After 4 weeks of treatment using the low-intensity pulsed ultrasound,the fusion in the bone grafting area of observation group was good.There was the relatively dense fusion area between the right transverse process and artificial bone.The left transverse process had been completely fused,with the clear bone trabecula through the fusion area.There was no significant fusion sign in the control group.According to the fusion comparison between two groups,the fusion rale of the observation group was 83.3%and it was significantly higher than the one of the control group(37.5%).Results of the comparison were statistically significant(P<0.05).The number of chondrocytes and the increase in the relative gray-scale in the fusion area of the iliac observation group were significantly higher than ones of the iliac control group(P<0.05).The number of chondrocytes and the increase in the relative gray-scale in the fusion area of the artificial bone observation group were significantly higher than ones of the artificial bone control group(P<0.05).The expression of IL-1.IL-6 and IL-17 4 weeks after the treatment of the observation group was significantly lower than the one of the control group,with the statistical significance(P<0.05).It indicated that the treatment of low-intensity pulsed ultrasound could reduce the expression level of inflammatory factors.Conclusions:The low-intensity pulsed ultrasound can significantly increase the bone grafting fusion rate of the rabbit's posterolateral lumbar fusion.The possible mechanism is that it promotes the lumbar posterolateral endochondral ossification and reduces the inflammatory reaction.
文摘BACKGROUND: Ultrasound is a kind of mechanical wave and characterized by mechanical effect,heat affect and physical and chemical effect.Ultrasound can promote regeneration of peripheral nerves after a slight injury based on its mechanical effect.However,whether it can promote regeneration of peripheral nerves after a severe injury or not is still unclear.OBJECTIVE: To study the effect of low-intensity ultrasound(LIU)on regeneration of injured peripheral nerve,throgh examining sciatic nerve function index,the sensory nerve conduction velocity and the thickness of myelin sheath.DESIGN: Single factor design of contrast observation.SETTING: Institute of Ultrasound Engineering,Chongqing Medical University.MATERIALS:A total of 64 female Wistar rats,of clean grade,age 3 moths,weighing 200-250g ,were provided by Experimental Animal Center of Chongqing Medical University. All rats were randomly divided into treatment group and control group with 32 in each group. In addition rats were observed at 4 time points, including 2,4,6 and 8 weeks,with 8 at each time point.The main equipments were detailed as follows:forceps (Medical Treatment Apparatus Company,Chongqing),low-intensity ultrasound treatment instrument(Institute of Ulrasound Engineering in Medicine),the analysis instrument of diagram resembles and arithmetic figure(the United States Bio-RAD Company),ultrasound coupling agent(Xunde Image material factory,Hangzhou),Osmium Tetraoxide(Next Chimicam,South Africa).METHODS:The experiment was carried out in Institute of Ultrasound Engineering of Chongqing Medical University from December 2003 to May 2004.The right sciatic nerves of 64 rats were crushed with forceps for 30 s to form the experimental animal models.Then they were treated at 3 days after operation.Rats in the treatment group received the LIU exposure.LIU was applied every other day to the crush site of rats,which had a spatial peak,time-averaged intensity of 0.25 W/cm2 operated at 1 MHz for 1 minute per application for total 8 weeks.At various stages after operation,the sciatic nerve function index(SFI).the sensory nerve conduction velocity and its histology were detected.Rats in the control received a sham exposure.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES:SFI;sensory nerve conduction velocity;density of myelinated nerve fiber;velocity of nerve regeneration;histological examination.RESULTS: Among 64 Wistar rats, 2 were lost during the experiment and another 2 were supplied. ①Histological examination:Two weeks after treatment,degeneration of axis-cylinder and myelin sheath was obvious in treatment group as compared with that in control group. Within 4-8 weeks after treatment.regeneration of axis-cylinder and myelin sheath of nerve fiber was superior in treatment group to that in control group.At 8 weeks after treatment,axis-cylinder and myelin sheath in treatment group were closed to normal value.Quantity of nerve fiber was less in control group than that in treatment group and the arrangement was disorder.At 2,4 and 6 weeks after treatment,proliferation of Schwann cells was superior in treatment group to that in control group.At 6 and 8 weeks after treatment,proliferation of fiber tissue in nerve was severer in control group than that in treatment group.②SFI:At 4.6 and 8 weeks after treatment.SFI was higher in treatment group than that in control group(t=8.00,12.41m15.13,P＜0.01).③Sensory nerve conduction velocity:At 2,4,6 and 8 weeks after treatment,sensory nerve conduction velocity was faster in treatment group than that in control group(t=11.74,10.81,3.51,P＜0.01).④Density of myelinated nerve fiber:At 2,4,6 and 8 weeks after treatment,density of myelinated nerve fiber was higher in treatment group than that in control group(t=2.16,P＜0.05;t=3.29,3.52,3.23,P＜0.01).⑤Velocity of nerve regeneration:Velocity of nerve regeneration was(1.50+0.08)mm/d and(1.22±0.10)mm/d of treatment group and control group.respectively. This suggested that velocity of nerve regeneration was faster in treatment group than that in control group(t=2.708,P＜0.05).CONCLUSION:LIU can promote the regeneration of injured peripheral nerve from the appearance,construction,function aspect and functional recovery.Its mechanism may be through the modulation and effect of many links of nerve regeneration process.
基金This study was supported by the Natural Science Foundation of Shaanxi Province(Grant No.2018JQ8056).
文摘Objective:To systematically identify the therapeutic effects of low-intensity laser with 830 nm on diabetic neuropathic pain.Methods:Thirty male SPF Wistar rats were equally assigned to the blank control(Control),diabetic neuropathic pain(DNP)and diabetic neuropathic pain exposed to the laser treatment(DNP+Laser)groups.The rats in the DNP group and DNP+Laser group were subjected to intraperitoneal injection with streptozotocin(STZ)to establish the diabetic animal model.The rats in the DNP+Laser group were exposed to laser stimulation(700 Hz,60 mW)with 3 sessions per day and 50 s per session for overall 8 weeks.The paw mechanical pain threshold levels and thermal pain threshold levels were measured at 0,2,4,6 and 8 weeks post the STZ administration,and the motor nerve conduction velocity and sensory nerve conduction velocity were also determined.Results:The rats in the DNP+EMF group showed significantly higher paw mechanical pain threshold levels and thermal pain threshold levels than the rats in the DNP group(P<0.05).Moreover,the motor nerve conduction velocity and sensory nerve conduction velocity in the DNP+Laser group were also significantly higher than those in the DNP group(P<0.05).Conclusion:Low-intensity laser stimulation displayed positive effects on the attenuation of the progression of neuropathic pain in diabetic rats,implying that low-intensity laser treatment has the potential to be an effective biophysical approach for diabetic neuropathic pain in clinics.
文摘Ischaemic Heart Disease (IHD) or Coronary heart disease means that the heart is not getting enough blood and oxygen supply through the coronary arteries. The most common cause of this disease is the process of atherosclerosis in the coronary arteries. Although significant progress has been made in the management of ischaemic heart disease (IHD) The number of severe IHD patients is increasing. The treatment options for IHD <span lang="EN-US" style="font-family:Verdana;">have</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family:Verdana;"> not changed much over the last three decades</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family:Verdana;">,</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:10pt;font-family:""> </span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family:Verdana;">w</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family:Verdana;">hich </span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family:Verdana;">is </span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family:Verdana;">divided between medications, coronary Angioplasty and Coronary artery bypass surgery. Thus it was crucial to develop new, non-invasive therapeutic strategies in case of Failure of medical or interventional therapy or in case patient is not fit for surgery or angioplasty. In this study</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family:Verdana;">,</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family:Verdana;"> we are pleased to reveal a novel technique </span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family:Verdana;">that</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family:Verdana;"> was carried out on </span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family:Verdana;">a </span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family:Verdana;">human model. We aimed to develop low-intensity pulsed ultrasound (LIPUS) therapy for the treatment of patients with Ischaemic Heart Disease. We have set up the inclusion and exclusion criteria, the treatment protocol of LIPUS on IHD patients. In this limited group of IHD patients, We found promising clinical results and improvement on myocardial functions.</span>
文摘Excellent firm bonding between the biomaterials and bone tissue (osseointegration and osteo-conductivity) has been desired for the stability in vivo of dental implants and artificial joints. Much has been learned about this concept, which has led to significant improvements in the design and surface modification of implants in the field of implant dentistry, orthopedic surgery. We have already reported that low-intensity pulsed ultrasound (LIPUS) irradiation can accelerate the bone bonding ability of the bio-conductive materials such as bioactive titanium and hydroxyapatite implant. However, it is still unclear whether the LIPUS could have same effect to different types of the bioactive-materials. Therefore, in this study, the differences of bone-like hydroxyapatite formation on some kind of hydroxyapatite surface in simulated body fluid (SBF) under the LIPUS irradiation were investigated. Two kinds of hydroxyapatite samples immersed in SBF was exposed to ultrasound waves, the bone-like apatite on the surface was analyzed by Scanning electron microscopy and X-ray diffraction. As a result, the enhancement of hydroxyapatite formation on the surface by LIPUS was confirmed, the initial epitaxial nucleation and crystal growth of apatite depended on crystal structure of the surface of matrix materials.
文摘Objective To evaluate the method of low-intensity anticoagulation therapy in the pregnant women who had received mechanical heart valve replacemant,and the effects of warfarin on the pregnant women and their fetus. Methods This retrospective study involved 56 pregnant women (61 pregnancies) who had received mechanical heart valve replacement. Their pregnant status,delivery, and anticoagulation therapy were observed
文摘Partial nitrification is a key aspect of efficient nitrogen removal,although practically it suf-fers from long start-up cycles and unstable long-term operational performance.To address these drawbacks,this study investigated the effect of low intensity ultrasound treatment combined with hydroxylamine(NH2OH)on the performance of partial nitrification.Results showthat compared with the control group,low-intensity ultrasound treatment(0.10W/mL,15 min)combined with NH2OH(5 mg/L)reduced the time required for partial nitrification initiation by 6 days,increasing the nitrite accumulation rate(NAR)and ammonia nitro-gen removal rate(NRR)by 20.4% and 6.7%,respectively,achieving 96.48% NRR.Mechanis-tic analysis showed that NH2OH enhanced ammonia oxidation,inhibited nitrite-oxidizing bacteria(NOB)activity and shortened the time required for partial nitrification initiation.Furthermore,ultrasonication combined with NH2OH dosing stimulated EPS(extracellular polymeric substances)secretion,increased carbonyl,hydroxyl and amine functional group abundances and enhanced mass transfer.In addition,16S rRNA gene sequencing results showed that ultrasonication-sensitive Nitrospira disappeared from the ultrasound+NH_(2)OH system,while Nitrosomonas gradually became the dominant group.Collectively,the results of this study provide valuable insight into the enhancement of partial nitrification start-up during the process of wastewater nitrogen removal.
基金Supported by the National Science and Technology Major Project of the Ministry of Science and Technology of China,No.2022YFA1105800the National Natural Science Foundation of China,No.81970940.
文摘BACKGROUND The bone remodeling during orthodontic treatment for malocclusion often requires a long duration of around two to three years,which also may lead to some complications such as alveolar bone resorption or tooth root resorption.Low-intensity pulsed ultrasound(LIPUS),a noninvasive physical therapy,has been shown to promote bone fracture healing.It is also reported that LIPUS could reduce the duration of orthodontic treatment;however,how LIPUS regulates the bone metabolism during the orthodontic treatment process is still unclear.AIM To investigate the effects of LIPUS on bone remodeling in an orthodontic tooth movement(OTM)model and explore the underlying mechanisms.METHODS A rat model of OTM was established,and alveolar bone remodeling and tooth movement rate were evaluated via micro-computed tomography and staining of tissue sections.In vitro,human bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells(hBMSCs)were isolated to detect their osteogenic differentiation potential under compression and LIPUS stimulation by quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction,Western blot,alkaline phosphatase(ALP)staining,and Alizarin red staining.The expression of Yes-associated protein(YAP1),the actin cytoskeleton,and the Lamin A/C nucleoskeleton were detected with or without YAP1 small interfering RNA(siRNA)application via immunofluorescence.RESULTS The force treatment inhibited the osteogenic differentiation potential of hBMSCs;moreover,the expression of osteogenesis markers,such as type 1 collagen(COL1),runt-related transcription factor 2,ALP,and osteocalcin(OCN),decreased.LIPUS could rescue the osteogenic differentiation of hBMSCs with increased expression of osteogenic marker inhibited by force.Mechanically,the expression of LaminA/C,F-actin,and YAP1 was downregulated after force treatment,which could be rescued by LIPUS.Moreover,the osteogenic differentiation of hBMSCs increased by LIPUS could be attenuated by YAP siRNA treatment.Consistently,LIPUS increased alveolar bone density and decreased vertical bone absorption in vivo.The decreased expression of COL1,OCN,and YAP1 on the compression side of the alveolar bone was partially rescued by LIPUS.CONCLUSION LIPUS can accelerate tooth movement and reduce alveolar bone resorption by modulating the cytoskeleton-Lamin A/C-YAP axis,which may be a promising strategy to reduce the orthodontic treatment process.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.81673821 and 81774142)Special Research Foundation of Central Level Public Scientific Research Institutes(No.ZZ10-016)。
文摘Objective To compare the clinical effect of arsenic-containing Qinghuang Powder(QHP)and low-intensity chemotherapy(LIC)in treatment of elderly acute myeloid leukemia(eAML)patients.Methods Clinical data of 80 eAML patients treated at Xiyuan Hospital of China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences from January 2015 to December 2020 were retrospectively analyzed.The treatment scheme was designed by real world study according to patients’preference,and patients were divided into a QHP group(35 cases)and a LIC group(45 cases).The median overall survival(mOS),1-,2-,and 3-year OS rates,and incidence of adverse events were compared between the two groups.Results The mOS of 80 patients was 11 months,and the 1-,2-,and 3-year OS rates were 45.51%,17.96%,and 11.05%,respectively.The QHP and LIC groups demonstrated no significant difference in mOS(12 months vs.10 months),1-(48.57%vs.39.65%),2-(11.43%vs.20.04%),and 3-year OS rates(5.71%vs.13.27%,all P>0.05).Moreover,the related factors of mOS demonstrated no significant difference in patients with age>75 years(11 months vs.8 months),secondary AML(11 months vs.8 months),poor genetic prognosis(9 months vs.7 months),Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group performance status score≥(10 months vs.7 months)and hematopoietic stem cell transplant comorbidity index≥4(11 months vs.7 months)between the QHP and LIC groups(all P>0.05).However,the incidence of myelosuppression was significantly lower in the QHP group than that in the LIC group(28.57%vs.73.33%,P<0.01).Conclusions QHP and LIC had similar survival rates in eAML patients,but QHP had a lower myelosuppression incidence.Hence,QHP can be an alternative for eAML patients who do not tolerate LIC.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.81771082,81800985,82170968,31971282)the 2019 Chongqing Graduate Tutor Team Construction Project(No.dstd201903),Chinathe Natural Science Foundation of Chongqing(No.cstc2019jcyj-msxmX0851),China.
文摘Extracellular vesicles(EVs)derived from mesenchymal stem cells(MSCs)have emerged as a new mode of intercellular crosstalk and are responsible for many of the thera-peutic effects of MSCs.To promote the application of MSC-EVs,recent studies have focused on the manipulation of MSCs to improve the production of EVs and EV-mediated activities.The current paper details an optimization method using non-invasive low-intensity pulsed ul-trasound(LIPUS)as the stimulation for improving oral MSC-EV production and effectiveness.Stem cells from apical papilla(SCAP),a type of oral mesenchymal stem cell,displayed inten-sity-dependent pro-osteogenic and anti-inflammatory responses to LIPUS without significant cytotoxicity or apoptosis.The stimuli increased the secretion of EVs by promoting the expres-sion of neutral sphingomyelinases in SCAP.In addition,EVs from LIPUS-induced SCAP exhibited stronger efficacy in promoting the osteogenic differentiation and anti-inflammation of peri-odontal ligament cells in vitro and alleviating oral inflammatory bone loss in vivo.In addition,LIPUS stimulation affected the physical characteristics and miRNA cargo of SCAP-EVs.Further investigations indicated that miR-935 is an important mediator of the pro-osteogenic and anti-inflammatory capabilities of LIPUS-induced SCAP-EVs.Taken together,these findings demonstrate that LIPUS is a simple and effective physical method to optimize SCAP-EV produc-tion and efficacy.
文摘Low-intensity extracorporeal shockwave therapy(LiESWT)represents a promising treatment for patients with erectile dysfunction(ED).We investigated the efficacy of LiESWT combined with tadalafil 5 mg once daily in men with type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM)and ED and compared LiESWT protocols administering different number of shockwaves.We performed a retrospective matched-pair comparison using data from a prospectively maintained database.Seventy-eight patients who received tadalafil 5 mg once dai7ly for 12 weeks+LiESWT performed with an electrohydraulic source for 3 weeks(Group A)were matched 1:1 to patients who received tadalafil 5 mg once daily alone for 12 weeks(Group B).A subgroup analysis was performed according to the number of shockwaves delivered during each session(1500,1800,and 2400 in subgroup A1,A2,and A3,respectively).The mean International Index of Erectile Function-5(IIEF-5)score variations with respect to baseline recorded at 4,12,and 24 weeks after the end of the treatment were investigated as treatment outcomes.The mean IIEF-5 scores significantly improved in all groups and subgroups at 4-week follow-up without intergroup differences.At 12-and 24-week follow-up,the mean IIEF-5 improvement was significantly higher among patients in the A3 subgroup(+5.0±2.1[P<0.001]and+4.7±2.3[P<0.001],respectively).The combined approach with tadalafil 5 mg once daily and LiESWT with a protocol involving 2400 shockwaves provides significant advantages in terms of IIEF-5 improvement and durability compared to tadalafil 5 mg once daily alone in patients with T2DM and ED.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.81870811)the Natural Science Foundation of Liaoning Province,China(Grant No.20180530082)Scientists Partner Project of China Medical University-Shenyang Branch of Chinese Academy of Sciences(Grant No.HZHB2018017).
文摘Developing bioactive materials for bone implants to enhance bone healing and bone growth has for years been the focus of clinical research.Barium titanate(BT)is an electroactive material that can generate electrical signals in response to applied mechanical forces.In this study,a BT piezoelectric ceramic coating was synthesized on the surface of a TC4 titanium alloy,forming a BT/TC4 material,and low-intensity pulsed ultrasound(LIPUS)was then applied as a mechanical stimulus.The combined effects on the biological responses of MC3T3-E1 cells were investigated.Results of scanning electron microscopy,energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy,and X-ray diffraction showed that an uniform nanospheres-shaped BT coating was formed on TC4 substrate.Piezoelectric behaviors were observed using piezoelectric force microscopy with the piezoelectric coefficient d_(33)of 0.42 pC/N.Electrochemical measures indicated that LIPUS-stimulated BT/TC4 materials could produce a microcurrent of approximately 10μA/cm^(2).In vitro,the greatest osteogenesis(cell adhesion,proliferation,and osteogenic differentiation)was found in MC3T3-E1 cells when BT/TC4 was stimulated using LIPUS.Furthermore,the intracellular calcium ion concentration increased in these cells,possibly because opening of the L-type calcium ion channels was promoted and expression of the Ca_(V)1.2 protein was increased.Therefore,the piezoelectric BT/TC4 material with LIPUS loading synergistically promoted osteogenesis,rending it a potential treatment for early stage formation of reliable bone-implant contact.
基金Army,Navy,NIH,Air Force,VA and Health Affairs to support the AFIRM II effort,under Award number W81XWH-13-2-0052,and NIDDK of the National Institutes of Health under award nu 1m ber er 1R01DK105097-01A1The U.S.Army Medical Research Acquisition Activity,820 Chandler Street,Fort Detrick MD 21702-5014。
文摘Peripheral nerve damage,such as that found after surgery or trauma,is a substantial clinical challenge.Much research continues in attempts to improve outcomes after peripheral nerve damage and to promote nerve repair after injury.In recent years,low-intensity pulsed ultrasound(LIPUS)has been studied as a potential method of stimulating peripheral nerve regeneration.In this review,the physiology of peripheral nerve regeneration is reviewed,and the experiments employing LIPUS to improve peripheral nerve regeneration are discussed.Application of LIPUS following nerve surgery may promote nerve regeneration and improve functional outcomes through a variety of proposed mechanisms.These include an increase of neurotrophic factors,Schwann cell(SC)activation,cellular signaling activations,and induction of mitosis.We searched PubMed for articles related to these topics in both in vitro and in vivo animal research models.We found numerous studies,suggesting that LIPUS following nerve surgery promotes nerve regeneration and improves functional outcomes.Based on these findings,LIPUS could be a novel and valuable treatment for nerve injury-induced erectile dysfunction.
基金Project supported by Natural Science Foundation of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region of China(2019LH02006,2021LHMS04003)。
文摘ABO_(3)-type perovskite oxides with abounding defect structures and diverse physical chemistry attributes have been extensively studied in heterogeneous catalysis.Semiconductor LaFeO_(3)perovskites fabricated via the sol-gel method were used as peroxydisulfate(PDS)activators for methylene blue(MB)degradation under low-intensity ultra-violet(UV)-light to evaluate the degradation efficiency of organic pollutants and mechanism.The results indicate that under low-intensity UV irradiation,the developed UV/LaFeO_(3)/PDS system shows excellent degradation ability of organic pollutants in a wide pH range.Electron spin resonance and radical quenching experiments verify that SO_(4)^(·-),·OH,h^(+)and ^(1)O_(2)are generated during the activation process,and ^(1)O_(2)plays a dominant role in MB degradation.Reduction of low oxidation state Fe(Ⅱ)and O_(2)^(2-)/O^(-)on the LaFeO_(3)surface shows that oxygen vacancy,as the electron transfer mediator,enhances the redox cycle efficiency of Fe(Ⅱ)/Fe(Ⅲ).Photogenerated electrons of LaFeO_(3)involved in the cyclic transformation of Fe(Ⅱ)/Fe(Ⅲ)and PDS activation further increase the number of active radicals and thus promote the synergistic effect of photocatalytic coupled with sulfate radicalbased advanced oxidation processes.
基金This article was supported by China Scholarship Council(No.201808420351)。
文摘Low-intensity pulsed ultrasound (LIPUS) is a promising therapy that has been increasingly explored in basic research and clinical applications. LIPUS is an appealing therapeutic option as it is a noninvasive treatment that has many advantages, including no risk of infection or tissue damage and no known adverse reactions. LIPUS has been shown to have many benefits including promotion of tissue healing, angiogenesis, and tissue regeneration;inhibition of inflammation and pain relief;and stimulation of cell proliferation and differentiation. The biophysical mechanisms of LIPUS remain unclear and the studies are ongoing. In recent years, more and more research has focused on the relationship between LIPUS and stem/progenitor cells. A comprehensive search of the PubMed and Embase databases to July 2020 was performed. LIPUS has many effects on stem cells. Studies show that LIPUS can stimulate stem cells in vitro;promote stem cell proliferation, differentiation, and migration;maintain stem cell activity;alleviate the problems of insufficient seed cell source, differentiation, and maturation;and circumvent the low efficiency of stem cell transplantation. The mechanisms involved in the effects of LIPUS are not fully understood, but the effects demonstrated in studies thus far have been favorable. Much additional research is needed before LIPUS can progress from basic science research to large-scale clinical dissemination and application.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(81327003)
文摘In this study,we investigate how Schwann cells and dorsal root ganglion(DRG)neurons response to direct low-intensity pulsed ultrasound(LIPUS)stimuli in vitro.Primary Schwann cells and DRG were isolated from rat sciatic nerve and spine,respectively.LIPUS with varied dose of intensity(low:250 mW/cm2,medium:500 m W/cm2,high:750 m W/cm2)were applied 5 min per time for every other day,and pro-myelination indicators of Schwann cell as well as neurite outgrowth of dorsal root ganglion neurons were analyzed.Our results demonstrated that LIPUS promoted Schwann cells activity and proliferation from day 3 at the highest intensity,and day 5 at all intensities.In addition,LIPUS boosted pro-myelination activities of Schwann cells,as evidenced by increased cell population that positive for immunohistochemical staining against S100,nerve growth factor receptor(NGFR)p75,glial fibrillary acidic protein(GFAP),myelin protein zero(P0),as well as up-regulation of GFAP,Protein 0,nerve growth factor(NGF),and brain derived neurotrophic factor(BDNF)genes.Furthermore,LIPUS significantly enhanced the neurite outgrowth of DRG,with the highest intensity exhibiting longest neurite outgrowth.Taken together,our results strongly improve the understanding of cellular mechanisms of ultrasonic therapies for peripheral nerve repair.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.81701434).
文摘Background:Histological and functional recovery after peripheral nerve injury(PNI)is of significant clinical value as delayed surgical repair and longer distances to innervate terminal organs may account for poor outcomes.Low-intensity extracorporeal shock wave therapy(LiESWT)has already been proven to be beneficial for injured tissue recovery on various pathological conditions.The objective of this study was to explore the potential effect and mechanism of LiESWT on PNI recovery.Methods:In this project,we explored LiESWT’s role using an animal model of sciatic nerve injury(SNI).Shockwave was delivered to the region of the SNI site with a special probe at 3 Hz,500 shocks each time,and 3 times a week for 3 weeks.Rat Schwann cells(SCs)and rat perineurial fibroblasts(PNFs)cells,the two main compositional cell types in peripheral nerve tissue,were cultured in vitro,and LiESWT was applied through the cultured dish to the adherent cells.Tissues and cell cultures were harvested at corresponding time points for a reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction,Western blotting,and immunofluorescence staining.Multiple groups were compared by using one-way analysis of variance followed by the Tukey-Kramer test for post hoc comparisons.Results:LiESWT treatment promoted the functional recovery of lower extremities with SNI.More nerve fibers and myelin sheath were found after LiESWT treatment associated with local upregulation of mechanical sensitive yes-associated protein(YAP)/transcriptional co-activator with a PDZ-binding domain(TAZ)signaling pathway.In vitro results showed that SCs were more sensitive to LiESWT than PNFs.LiESWT promoted SCs activation with more expression of p75(a SCs dedifferentiation marker)and Ki67(a SCs proliferation marker).The SCs activation process was dependent on the intact YAP/TAZ signaling pathway as knockdown of TAZ by TAZ small interfering RNA significantly attenuated this process.Conclusion:The LiESWT mechanical signal perception and YAP/TAZ upregulation in SCs might be one of the underlying mechanisms for SCs activation and injured nerve axon regeneration.
文摘Millimeter range signals have been widely used in biology and medicine over the 20-30 years of the last century.At this time in Ukraine have been developed and implemented treatment technologies,the main ones are millimeter therapy(MMT),microwave resonance therapy(MRT),information-wave therapy(IWT).The features of this technologies are the use of signals in the frequency band 40-78 GHz with extremely low signal levels-10-9-10-11 W/cm2,the parameters are immanent to own communication signals of the human body.The author of the article attempts to conduct a combined analysis of hardware and software of these treatment technologies with mm-band signals.Thus the specialized equipment used for the treatment,technologies and the statistical results of its use for various diseases are considered.The problems of metrological support and measuring the weak signals of the mm range are proposed to solve by creating highly sensitive radiometric systems.The results of measurements of microwave signals of natural objects that can be used for physiotherapy and physical bodies that are in contact with or in human environment are submitted.Promising areas of the using the highly sensitive radiometric measurement equipment for research in biology and medicine are presented.
基金supported by the Major State Basic Research Development Program of China (No.2012CBA01205)College Foundation of Ministry of Education of China (No.N110502002)National Natural Science Founda- tion of China (Nos. 50934004 and 51274061)
文摘The difference of physicochemical properties among minerals in Baotou rare earth tailings is not significant,which leads to a great difficulty in separation of minerals.In this article,the process of magnetizing roast and low-intensity magnetic separation was used to recover iron.Effect of calcination temperature,holding time and carbon/oxygen ratio on roasting efficiency was investigated.The parameters evaluating magnetizing roast efficiency and theoretical value were determined.X-ray diffraction(XRD)analysis was used to investigate the conversion of Fe phase after roasting.The results show that the best magnetizing roast conditions are calcination temperature of 650℃,holding time of 2.5 h,and carbon/oxygen molar ratio of 3.85.The best magnetization rate is 2.36,which is close to the theoretical value of 2.33.Based on experiments of low-intensity magnetic separation under different intensities,the best current intensity is 2.0 A to obtain the best separation results.Under the best condition,the concentrate grade of iron is 45.45% and the recovery of iron is 68.36%.Most of rare earth,fluorine,and phosphorus are enriched in the magnetic separation tailings.The XRD analysis shows that Fe exists in Fe2O3 before roasting and exists in Fe3O4after roasting.
