Background:Replacement gilts are typically fed ad libitum,whereas emerging evidence from human and rodent studies has revealed that time-restricted access to food has health benefits.The objective of this study was to...Background:Replacement gilts are typically fed ad libitum,whereas emerging evidence from human and rodent studies has revealed that time-restricted access to food has health benefits.The objective of this study was to investigate the effect of meal frequency on the metabolic status and ovarian follicular development in gilts.Methods:A total of 36 gilts(Landrace×Yorkshire)with an age of 150±3 d and a body weight of 77.6±3.8 kg were randomly allocated into one of three groups(n=12 in each group),and based on the group allocation,the gilts were fed at a frequency of one meal(T1),two meals(T2),or six meals per day(T6)for 14 consecutive weeks.The effects of the meal frequency on growth preference,nutrient utilization,short-chain fatty acid production by gut microbial,the post-meal dynamics in the metabolic status,reproductive hormone secretions,and ovarian follicular development in the gilts were measured.Results:The gilts in the T1 group presented a higher average daily gain(+48 g/d,P<0.05)and a higher body weight(+4.9 kg,P<0.05)than those in the T6 group.The meal frequency had no effect on the apparent digestibility of dry matter,crude protein,ether extract,ash,and gross energy,with the exception that the T1 gilts exhibited a greater NDF digestibility than the T6 gilts(P<0.05).The nitrogen balance analysis revealed that the T1 gilts presented decreased urine excretion of nitrogen(−8.17 g/d,P<0.05)and higher nitrogen retention(+9.81 g/d,P<0.05),and thus exhibited higher nitrogen utilization than the T6 gilts.The time-course dynamics of glucose,α-amino nitrogen,urea,lactate,and insulin levels in serum revealed that the T1 group exhibited higher utilization of nutrients after a meal than the T2 or T6 gilts.The T1 gilts also had a higher acetate content and SCFAs in feces than the T6 gilts(P<0.05).The age,body weight and backfat thickness of the gilts at first estrous expression were not affected by the meal frequency,but the gilts in the T1 group had higher levels of serum luteinizing hormone on the 18th day of the 3rd estrus cycle and 17β-estradiol,a larger number of growing follicles and corpora lutea,and higher mRNA expression levels of genes related to follicular development on the 19th day of the 3rd estrus cycle.Conclusions:The current findings revealed the benefits of a lower meal frequency equal feed intake on nutrient utilization and reproductive function in replacement gilts,and thus provide new insights into the nutritional strategy for replacement gilts,and the dietary pattern for other mammals,such as humans.展开更多
Luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone(LHRH) is known to influence sexual behavior in many vertebrate taxa,but there have been no systematic studies on the role of LHRH in sexual behavior of turtles.We tested the hypot...Luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone(LHRH) is known to influence sexual behavior in many vertebrate taxa,but there have been no systematic studies on the role of LHRH in sexual behavior of turtles.We tested the hypotheses that exogenous LHRH analogues would induce sexual behavior of male Four-eyed turtle,Sacalia quadriocellata.We examined this by challenging males with intramuscular injections of mammalian luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone analogue(LHRH-A),human chorionic gonadotropin(HCG),or a combination of the two,and subsequently exposing them to sexually receptive females for behavioral observation.Our data show that the injection of only HCG could not,while that of only LHRH-A could,facilitate sexual behavior along with testicular recrudescence and spermatogenesis in S.quadriocellata.The injection of both LHRH-A and HCG would induce more drastic sexual behavior of the animals than that of LHRH-A alone,indicating HCG enhances the effects of LHRH-A induced sexual behavior.However,different pharmacological dosages of LHRH-A(0.5 g,1 g,2 g per 100 g bodyweight) did not correspond to different activity levels.Though the mechanism of LHRH effect was not determined,this study may support that the sexual behavior of S.quadriocellata which occurs at the beginning of the injection despite regression of the gonads.This is the first report on the exogenous LHRH-A induced sexual behavior for this species.展开更多
The reproductive behaviors of birds are mainly controlled by the hypothalamus-pituitary-gonad axis.Many studies have shown that reproductive hormones are tightly linked to the breeding sub-stages.However,only a few st...The reproductive behaviors of birds are mainly controlled by the hypothalamus-pituitary-gonad axis.Many studies have shown that reproductive hormones are tightly linked to the breeding sub-stages.However,only a few studies have examined the temporal trend of hormone levels among different reproductive stages in multiple brooded species.We investigated the changes in plasma luteinizing hormone(LH)and prolactin(PRL)concentrations during different reproductive stages of the facultative double-brooded Great Tit(Parus major).We found that the concentrations of LH and PRL in females were significantly higher than those in males.Females had significantly higher LH and lower PRL concentrations in the pre-breeding period than in the first/second brooding periods,and there were no significant changes between the first and second brooding periods.The concentrations of LH and PRL in males had no significant difference between the pre-breeding period and the first brooding periods,while LH and PRL concentrations in the second brooding period were significantly higher than those in the first brooding period.We conclude that there are sex-based differences between LH and PRL at different stages of reproduction.The changes in LH and PRL in both males and females should be related to their physiological functions.Especially for males,individuals with higher levels of LH and PRL are more likely to maintain second clutches.展开更多
Objective:To investigate the effect of serum luteinizing hormone(LH)on trigger day with a Gonadotrophinreleasing hormone(GnRH)antagonist protocol in patients receiving in vitro fertilization/intracytoplasmic sperm inj...Objective:To investigate the effect of serum luteinizing hormone(LH)on trigger day with a Gonadotrophinreleasing hormone(GnRH)antagonist protocol in patients receiving in vitro fertilization/intracytoplasmic sperm injection(IVF/ICSI)treatment for pregnancy outcomes.Methods:We retrospectively reviewed the medical documents of patients receiving IVF/ICSI with fresh embryo transfers from the Reproductive Medicine Center of Peking University People's Hospital between January 2016 and December 2018.730 patients were included and divided into three groups by their serum LH level determined on trigger day.All patients were categorized into Group A,Group B,and Group C based on LH concentrations<1.0 IU/L,1.0–5.0 IU/L,and from 5.0 to 10.0 IU/L on trigger day during the cycle,respectively.Comparisons were made between the three groups.Results:There was a significant difference in implantation rates between Group A and Group C(24.8%versus 40.1%,respectively,P<0.05).The clinical pregnancy rates(39.3%versus 54.3%,respectively,P=0.078)and live birth rate(LBR)(32.1%versus 46.5%,respectively,P=0.116),though the differences were not significant.Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that the OR of Group C for clinical pregnancy(OR=1.849,P=0.040)and for LBR(OR=1.915,P=0.034)were significant using Group A as the base level.Conclusions:Our study has demonstrated that patients with higher serum LH levels(5.0–10.0 IU/L)on trigger day in the GnRH antagonist protocol may confer better clinical outcomes than those with lower LH levels(<1.0 IU/L).展开更多
Objective:The study objective was to investigate the effects of luteinizing hormone(LH)supplementation on ovarian response and assisted reproductive technology(ART)outcomes in in vitro fertilization/intracytoplasmic s...Objective:The study objective was to investigate the effects of luteinizing hormone(LH)supplementation on ovarian response and assisted reproductive technology(ART)outcomes in in vitro fertilization/intracytoplasmic sperm injection cycles with a gonadotropin(Gn)-releasing hormone antagonist protocol.Methods:This is a meta-analysis,and nine published randomized controlled trials(1,685 patients)were included.Continuous data were extracted in the form of mean±standard deviation and population size,whereas dichotomous data were extracted in the form of odds ratio.Results:The total amount of follicle-stimulating hormone(FSH)used,the duration of stimulation(DOS),the number of eggs in MII stage,the total number of formed embryos,the clinical pregnancy rate,and live birth rates were similar between groups,but the estrogen level on the day of human chorionic Gn(hCG)administration was slightly higher in the LH supplementation group.On subgroup analysis,it was reported that the addition of LH could significantly increase estrogen levels on the day of hCG administration in patients older than 35 years,and LH supplementation starting on the day of FSH administration may slightly extend the DOS.Moreover,regardless of the timing of LH supplementation,an increase in estrogen levels was found on the day of hCG administration.Conclusions:LH supplementation of an antagonist protocol increases estrogen levels on the day of hCG administration,but does not increase the number of mature oocytes retrieved,and also fails to improve ART outcomes.展开更多
The aim of this study was to examine whether CAG/GGN repeats are significant modulators of serum concentrations of total and free testosterone(T)as well as of luteinizing hormone(LH)in elderly men.Sixty-nine 60-to 80-...The aim of this study was to examine whether CAG/GGN repeats are significant modulators of serum concentrations of total and free testosterone(T)as well as of luteinizing hormone(LH)in elderly men.Sixty-nine 60-to 80-year-old men with subnormal T levels(≤11.0 nmol L^(-1))and 104 men with normal T levels taking part in a nested case-control study were used for these analyses.Sex hormones were measured and free T was calculated.The CAG and GGN polymorphisms in the androgen receptor gene were determined by polymerase chain reaction and subsequent direct sequencing.There were no differences in the CAG and GGN repeat lengths between the groups.In cross-sectional analyses of the whole cohort,total and free T were positively associated with CAG length(all P<0.05)before,but not after,waist circumference or body mass index was added to the model.CAG repeat lengths were weakly,but not independently,associated with total and free T.These findings indicate that when clinically evaluating T and LH levels in elderly men,the CAG and GGN repeat lengths do not need to be taken into consideration.展开更多
Objective:Real-word data on long-acting luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone(LHRH)agonists in Chinese patients with prostate cancer are limited.This study aimed to determine the real-world effectiveness and safety of...Objective:Real-word data on long-acting luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone(LHRH)agonists in Chinese patients with prostate cancer are limited.This study aimed to determine the real-world effectiveness and safety of the LHRH agonist,goserelin,particularly the long-acting 10.8-mg depot formulation,and the follow-up patterns among Chinese prostate cancer patients.Methods:This was a multicenter,prospective,observational study in hormone treatment-na?ve patients with localized or locally advanced prostate cancer who were prescribed goserelin 10.8-mg depot every 12 weeks or 3.6-mg depot every 4 weeks with or without an anti-androgen.The patients had follow-up evaluations for 26 weeks.The primary outcome was the effectiveness of goserelin in reducing serum testosterone and prostate-specific antigen(PSA)levels.The secondary outcomes included testosterone and PSA levels,attainment of chemical castration(serum testosterone<50 ng/d L),and goserelin safety.The exploratory outcome was the monitoring pattern for serum testosterone and PSA.All analyses were descriptive.Results:Between September 2017 and December 2019,a total of 294 eligible patients received≥1 dose of goserelin;287 patients(97.6%)were treated with goserelin 10.8-mg depot.At week 24±2,the changes from baseline[standard deviation(95%confidence interval)]in serum testosterone(n=99)and PSA(n=131)were-401.0 ng/d L[308.4 ng/d L(-462.5,-339.5 ng/d L)]and-35.4 ng/m L[104.4 ng/m L(-53.5,-17.4 ng/m L)],respectively.Of 112 evaluable patients,100(90.2%)achieved a serum testosterone level<50 ng/d L.Treatment-emergent adverse events(TEAEs)and severe TEAEs occurred in 37.1%and 10.2%of patients,respectively.The mean testing frequency(standard deviation)was 1.6(1.5)for testosterone and 2.2(1.6)for PSA.Conclusions:Goserelin 10.8-mg depot effectively achieved and maintained castration and was well-tolerated in Chinese patients with localized and locally advanced prostate cancer.展开更多
Background: Cellphone radiation (CR) has been reported to be related to higher risk of many health problems, but if CR can impair sexual behavior and testosterone synthesis has seldom been studied. Objective: To evalu...Background: Cellphone radiation (CR) has been reported to be related to higher risk of many health problems, but if CR can impair sexual behavior and testosterone synthesis has seldom been studied. Objective: To evaluate the effects of CR on testosterone and luteinizing hormone (LH) levels and sexual behaviors of male mice. Methods: Forty 3-month-old male mice, 22 - 25 g, were randomly allocated into four equal groups (n = 10 per group): the control group and three CR exposure groups including 8-hour group, 16-hour group and 24-hour group. Each mouse received different dose of CR exposure for 30 consecutive days. Sexual behaviors and testosterone and LH levels in serum were measured at the end of experiment. Furthermore, we also observed the weights of reproductive organs of each group, including testis, epididymis and seminal vesicle. Results: The mount latency and intromission latency in 24-hour group were significant higher than the control (both P < 0.01), while no obvious changes were seen in 8-hour group and 16-hour group (all P > 0.05). No difference in ejaculation latency existed among each group after the experiment (all P > 0.05). The frequency of mount and intromission in 24-hour group was statistically significantly lower than that of the control group (P < 0.05 and P < 0.01, respectively). No obvious change in the frequency of mount and intromission of the 8-hour group and 16-hour group was seen (all P > 0.05). Only the copulatory efficacy in the 24-hour group was statistically lower than the control group (P < 0.05). The serum levels of testosterone and LH in the 24-hour group were obviously higher than the control group (testosterone level: P < 0.05;LH level: P < 0.01). No significant differences were seen among the other two experimental groups and the control group (all P > 0.05). After the exposure of CR, the changes in the weights of sexual organs in the 24-hour group were significant compared with the control (testis weights, relative testis weight, epididymis weight, the weight of seminal vesicle, and the relative weight of seminal vesicle, all P < 0.01;the relative epididymis weight, P < 0.05). Conclusions: High dose exposure of CR can decline the testosterone and LH levels in mice and inhibit their sexual behaviors.展开更多
A long-held belief is that pituitary hormones bind to their cognate receptors in classical target glands to actuate their manifold functions.However,a number of studies have shown that multiple types of pituitary horm...A long-held belief is that pituitary hormones bind to their cognate receptors in classical target glands to actuate their manifold functions.However,a number of studies have shown that multiple types of pituitary hormone receptors are widely expressed in non-classical target organs.Each pituitary gland-derived hormone exhibits a wide range of nonconventional biological effects in these non-classical target organs.Herein,the extra biological functions of pituitary hormones,thyroid-stimulating hormone,follicle-stimulating hormone,luteinizing hormone,adrenocorticotrophic hormone,and prolactin when they act on non-classical organs were summarized,defined by the novel concept of an“atypical pituitary hormone–target tissue axis.”This novel proposal explains the pathomechanisms of abnormal glucose and lipid metabolism,obesity,hypertension,fatty liver,and atherosclerosis while offering a more comprehensive and systematic insights into the coordinated regulation of environmental factors,genetic factors,and neuroendocrine hormones on human biological functions.The continued exploration of the physiology of the“atypical pituitary hormone–target tissue axis”could enable the identification of novel therapeutic targets for metabolic diseases.展开更多
Objective:Testosterone deficiency may be a risk factor for lower urinary tract symptoms(LUTS),and there may be a causal ink between the emergence of LUTS and the incidence of late-onset hypogonadism(LOH).We perfomed a...Objective:Testosterone deficiency may be a risk factor for lower urinary tract symptoms(LUTS),and there may be a causal ink between the emergence of LUTS and the incidence of late-onset hypogonadism(LOH).We perfomed an epidemiologic study to investigate the association between symptomatic late-onset hypogonadism(SLOH)and LUTS in middle-aged and elderly rural Chinese males.Methods:A total of 965 men completed a questionnaire and underwent a detailed physical examination.The Aging Males'Symptoms(AMS)scale was used to assess SLOH,and the International Prostate Symptom Score(IPSS)questionnaire was used to assess LUTS.Serum reproductive hormone levels of testosterone,sex hormone-binding globulin(SHBG)and luteinizing hormone(LH)were measured.Results:A total of 965 males(mean age:56.34±8.85,range:40-80 years)were recruited for the present study.A total of 20.93%(202/965)were diagnosed with SLOH.A total of 93.16%(899/965)had mild LUTS,5.18%(50/965)had moderate LUTS,and 1.66%(16/965)had severe LUTS.Among SLOH patients,13.40%(27/202)and 3.90%(8/202)had moderate and severe LUTS,respectively.Patients with severe LUTS had increased SHBG and LH compared with those with mild and moderate LUTS(P<0.01).Correlation analysis revealed that the AMS total score was positively correlated with the IPSS score(P<0.05).The prevalence of SLOH was significantly increased with LUTS severity In addition to the known effect of age,the results of mutiple regression analysis also showed that serum LH or SHBG appeared to have a weak link with SLOH and LUTS that requires etiological and biological clarification in our future study.Conclusion:In this cross-sectional analysis of SLOH and LUTS,LUTS severity was significantly associated with hypogonadism symptoms.Additionally,the prevalence of SLOH advanced with increasing LUTS severity.Serum SHBG or LH showed a positive correlation with SLOH and LUTS.展开更多
OBJECTIVE:To assess the efficacy of acupoint therapy combined with spine pinching in patients with menopausal syndrome.METHODS:This is a parallel,randomized,controlled,investigator-blinded trial.A total of 132 partici...OBJECTIVE:To assess the efficacy of acupoint therapy combined with spine pinching in patients with menopausal syndrome.METHODS:This is a parallel,randomized,controlled,investigator-blinded trial.A total of 132 participants were randomly assigned to receive either acupoint therapy combined with spine pinching(intervention group)or tibolone therapy alone(control group).The intervention group received acupoint therapy combined with spine pinching three times per week for 4 weeks.The control group received 2.5 mg of tibolone once daily for 4 weeks.The primary outcome was the improved Kupperman score.The WHO quality of life scale was also used.The secondary aim was to identify those who would benefit from acupoint therapy combined with spine pinching based on the levels of follicle stimulating hormone(FSH)and luteinizing hormone(LH).RESULTS:In the intervention group,the improved Kupperman score was significantly decreased after treatment compared with before treatment.However,there were no differences between the intervention and control groups for any outcome.Changes in the physiology score presented negative outcomes in patients with a low FSH level with increasing body mass index(BMI)(P=0.0).In contrast,changes in the physiology score presented positive outcomes in patients with a moderate LH level with increasing BMI(P=0.0).The mean change in the physiology score of patients with a low FSH level and a BMI of≥25.7 kg/m2 was-7.17(range-10.94 to-3.40)after adjustments for age and disease duration.CONCLUSION:Acupoint therapy combined with spine pinching is effective in treating menopausal syndrome,especially in women with a moderate LH level.However,patients with a low FSH level had a negative outcome after acupoint therapy combined with spine pinching.In addition,patients with a BMI of>25.7 kg/m2 had a negative outcome after the intervention,regardless of hormone levels.展开更多
Reproduction in bony fish,specifically in the female teleost,encompasses well-defined stages,including growth and development,final oocyte maturation and finally ovulation-a pre-requisite for forming fertilizable fema...Reproduction in bony fish,specifically in the female teleost,encompasses well-defined stages,including growth and development,final oocyte maturation and finally ovulation-a pre-requisite for forming fertilizable female gametes.The morphological changes encountered during ovulatory response engage a multitude of endocrine,autocrine,and paracrine factors.These include gonadal steroids,growth factors,inflammatory cytokines,prostaglandins,leukotrienes and matrix metalloproteinases.In recent years,the active participation of prostaglandins and their receptors in LH-dependent ovulatory action has received much attention.Considerable evidence also supports the participation of nitric oxide/nitric oxide synthase(NO/NOS)unit in regulating meiotic maturation and ovulatory cascade.However,relatively less information is available on physiological relevance,the inter-relationship and the conjoined efforts of these molecular candidates to trigger ovulation in the fish ovary.The prime objective of the present article is to summarize the potential cross-talk between major molecular candidates downstream of LH action in the follicular layer.Besides,the intraovarian role of prostaglandin(PG)vis-`a-vis NO/NOS system on mammalian and teleost ovulatory response has been emphasised.展开更多
基金This study was supported by National Key R&D Program of China(2018YFD0501005)National Natural Science Foundation of China,PR China(31772616).
文摘Background:Replacement gilts are typically fed ad libitum,whereas emerging evidence from human and rodent studies has revealed that time-restricted access to food has health benefits.The objective of this study was to investigate the effect of meal frequency on the metabolic status and ovarian follicular development in gilts.Methods:A total of 36 gilts(Landrace×Yorkshire)with an age of 150±3 d and a body weight of 77.6±3.8 kg were randomly allocated into one of three groups(n=12 in each group),and based on the group allocation,the gilts were fed at a frequency of one meal(T1),two meals(T2),or six meals per day(T6)for 14 consecutive weeks.The effects of the meal frequency on growth preference,nutrient utilization,short-chain fatty acid production by gut microbial,the post-meal dynamics in the metabolic status,reproductive hormone secretions,and ovarian follicular development in the gilts were measured.Results:The gilts in the T1 group presented a higher average daily gain(+48 g/d,P<0.05)and a higher body weight(+4.9 kg,P<0.05)than those in the T6 group.The meal frequency had no effect on the apparent digestibility of dry matter,crude protein,ether extract,ash,and gross energy,with the exception that the T1 gilts exhibited a greater NDF digestibility than the T6 gilts(P<0.05).The nitrogen balance analysis revealed that the T1 gilts presented decreased urine excretion of nitrogen(−8.17 g/d,P<0.05)and higher nitrogen retention(+9.81 g/d,P<0.05),and thus exhibited higher nitrogen utilization than the T6 gilts.The time-course dynamics of glucose,α-amino nitrogen,urea,lactate,and insulin levels in serum revealed that the T1 group exhibited higher utilization of nutrients after a meal than the T2 or T6 gilts.The T1 gilts also had a higher acetate content and SCFAs in feces than the T6 gilts(P<0.05).The age,body weight and backfat thickness of the gilts at first estrous expression were not affected by the meal frequency,but the gilts in the T1 group had higher levels of serum luteinizing hormone on the 18th day of the 3rd estrus cycle and 17β-estradiol,a larger number of growing follicles and corpora lutea,and higher mRNA expression levels of genes related to follicular development on the 19th day of the 3rd estrus cycle.Conclusions:The current findings revealed the benefits of a lower meal frequency equal feed intake on nutrient utilization and reproductive function in replacement gilts,and thus provide new insights into the nutritional strategy for replacement gilts,and the dietary pattern for other mammals,such as humans.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(30910103916)the Key Project of the Science and Technology Program of Hainan,China(06122)
文摘Luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone(LHRH) is known to influence sexual behavior in many vertebrate taxa,but there have been no systematic studies on the role of LHRH in sexual behavior of turtles.We tested the hypotheses that exogenous LHRH analogues would induce sexual behavior of male Four-eyed turtle,Sacalia quadriocellata.We examined this by challenging males with intramuscular injections of mammalian luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone analogue(LHRH-A),human chorionic gonadotropin(HCG),or a combination of the two,and subsequently exposing them to sexually receptive females for behavioral observation.Our data show that the injection of only HCG could not,while that of only LHRH-A could,facilitate sexual behavior along with testicular recrudescence and spermatogenesis in S.quadriocellata.The injection of both LHRH-A and HCG would induce more drastic sexual behavior of the animals than that of LHRH-A alone,indicating HCG enhances the effects of LHRH-A induced sexual behavior.However,different pharmacological dosages of LHRH-A(0.5 g,1 g,2 g per 100 g bodyweight) did not correspond to different activity levels.Though the mechanism of LHRH effect was not determined,this study may support that the sexual behavior of S.quadriocellata which occurs at the beginning of the injection despite regression of the gonads.This is the first report on the exogenous LHRH-A induced sexual behavior for this species.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No.31770419 and 31971402 to HW,32001094 and 31870368 to JY)
文摘The reproductive behaviors of birds are mainly controlled by the hypothalamus-pituitary-gonad axis.Many studies have shown that reproductive hormones are tightly linked to the breeding sub-stages.However,only a few studies have examined the temporal trend of hormone levels among different reproductive stages in multiple brooded species.We investigated the changes in plasma luteinizing hormone(LH)and prolactin(PRL)concentrations during different reproductive stages of the facultative double-brooded Great Tit(Parus major).We found that the concentrations of LH and PRL in females were significantly higher than those in males.Females had significantly higher LH and lower PRL concentrations in the pre-breeding period than in the first/second brooding periods,and there were no significant changes between the first and second brooding periods.The concentrations of LH and PRL in males had no significant difference between the pre-breeding period and the first brooding periods,while LH and PRL concentrations in the second brooding period were significantly higher than those in the first brooding period.We conclude that there are sex-based differences between LH and PRL at different stages of reproduction.The changes in LH and PRL in both males and females should be related to their physiological functions.Especially for males,individuals with higher levels of LH and PRL are more likely to maintain second clutches.
基金the National Key Technology R&D Program of China(nos.2019YFC1005200 and 2019YFC1005201).
文摘Objective:To investigate the effect of serum luteinizing hormone(LH)on trigger day with a Gonadotrophinreleasing hormone(GnRH)antagonist protocol in patients receiving in vitro fertilization/intracytoplasmic sperm injection(IVF/ICSI)treatment for pregnancy outcomes.Methods:We retrospectively reviewed the medical documents of patients receiving IVF/ICSI with fresh embryo transfers from the Reproductive Medicine Center of Peking University People's Hospital between January 2016 and December 2018.730 patients were included and divided into three groups by their serum LH level determined on trigger day.All patients were categorized into Group A,Group B,and Group C based on LH concentrations<1.0 IU/L,1.0–5.0 IU/L,and from 5.0 to 10.0 IU/L on trigger day during the cycle,respectively.Comparisons were made between the three groups.Results:There was a significant difference in implantation rates between Group A and Group C(24.8%versus 40.1%,respectively,P<0.05).The clinical pregnancy rates(39.3%versus 54.3%,respectively,P=0.078)and live birth rate(LBR)(32.1%versus 46.5%,respectively,P=0.116),though the differences were not significant.Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that the OR of Group C for clinical pregnancy(OR=1.849,P=0.040)and for LBR(OR=1.915,P=0.034)were significant using Group A as the base level.Conclusions:Our study has demonstrated that patients with higher serum LH levels(5.0–10.0 IU/L)on trigger day in the GnRH antagonist protocol may confer better clinical outcomes than those with lower LH levels(<1.0 IU/L).
文摘Objective:The study objective was to investigate the effects of luteinizing hormone(LH)supplementation on ovarian response and assisted reproductive technology(ART)outcomes in in vitro fertilization/intracytoplasmic sperm injection cycles with a gonadotropin(Gn)-releasing hormone antagonist protocol.Methods:This is a meta-analysis,and nine published randomized controlled trials(1,685 patients)were included.Continuous data were extracted in the form of mean±standard deviation and population size,whereas dichotomous data were extracted in the form of odds ratio.Results:The total amount of follicle-stimulating hormone(FSH)used,the duration of stimulation(DOS),the number of eggs in MII stage,the total number of formed embryos,the clinical pregnancy rate,and live birth rates were similar between groups,but the estrogen level on the day of human chorionic Gn(hCG)administration was slightly higher in the LH supplementation group.On subgroup analysis,it was reported that the addition of LH could significantly increase estrogen levels on the day of hCG administration in patients older than 35 years,and LH supplementation starting on the day of FSH administration may slightly extend the DOS.Moreover,regardless of the timing of LH supplementation,an increase in estrogen levels was found on the day of hCG administration.Conclusions:LH supplementation of an antagonist protocol increases estrogen levels on the day of hCG administration,but does not increase the number of mature oocytes retrieved,and also fails to improve ART outcomes.
基金the Swedish Research Council(Grant Nos.521-2004-6072 and K2005-72X-14545-03A)the Swedish Cancer Society(Grant Nos.4857-B05-03XCC,070482 and 070139)the Gunnar Nilsson Cancer Fund and the Center for Research in the Elderly in Tromsø,Norway.
文摘The aim of this study was to examine whether CAG/GGN repeats are significant modulators of serum concentrations of total and free testosterone(T)as well as of luteinizing hormone(LH)in elderly men.Sixty-nine 60-to 80-year-old men with subnormal T levels(≤11.0 nmol L^(-1))and 104 men with normal T levels taking part in a nested case-control study were used for these analyses.Sex hormones were measured and free T was calculated.The CAG and GGN polymorphisms in the androgen receptor gene were determined by polymerase chain reaction and subsequent direct sequencing.There were no differences in the CAG and GGN repeat lengths between the groups.In cross-sectional analyses of the whole cohort,total and free T were positively associated with CAG length(all P<0.05)before,but not after,waist circumference or body mass index was added to the model.CAG repeat lengths were weakly,but not independently,associated with total and free T.These findings indicate that when clinically evaluating T and LH levels in elderly men,the CAG and GGN repeat lengths do not need to be taken into consideration.
文摘Objective:Real-word data on long-acting luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone(LHRH)agonists in Chinese patients with prostate cancer are limited.This study aimed to determine the real-world effectiveness and safety of the LHRH agonist,goserelin,particularly the long-acting 10.8-mg depot formulation,and the follow-up patterns among Chinese prostate cancer patients.Methods:This was a multicenter,prospective,observational study in hormone treatment-na?ve patients with localized or locally advanced prostate cancer who were prescribed goserelin 10.8-mg depot every 12 weeks or 3.6-mg depot every 4 weeks with or without an anti-androgen.The patients had follow-up evaluations for 26 weeks.The primary outcome was the effectiveness of goserelin in reducing serum testosterone and prostate-specific antigen(PSA)levels.The secondary outcomes included testosterone and PSA levels,attainment of chemical castration(serum testosterone<50 ng/d L),and goserelin safety.The exploratory outcome was the monitoring pattern for serum testosterone and PSA.All analyses were descriptive.Results:Between September 2017 and December 2019,a total of 294 eligible patients received≥1 dose of goserelin;287 patients(97.6%)were treated with goserelin 10.8-mg depot.At week 24±2,the changes from baseline[standard deviation(95%confidence interval)]in serum testosterone(n=99)and PSA(n=131)were-401.0 ng/d L[308.4 ng/d L(-462.5,-339.5 ng/d L)]and-35.4 ng/m L[104.4 ng/m L(-53.5,-17.4 ng/m L)],respectively.Of 112 evaluable patients,100(90.2%)achieved a serum testosterone level<50 ng/d L.Treatment-emergent adverse events(TEAEs)and severe TEAEs occurred in 37.1%and 10.2%of patients,respectively.The mean testing frequency(standard deviation)was 1.6(1.5)for testosterone and 2.2(1.6)for PSA.Conclusions:Goserelin 10.8-mg depot effectively achieved and maintained castration and was well-tolerated in Chinese patients with localized and locally advanced prostate cancer.
文摘Background: Cellphone radiation (CR) has been reported to be related to higher risk of many health problems, but if CR can impair sexual behavior and testosterone synthesis has seldom been studied. Objective: To evaluate the effects of CR on testosterone and luteinizing hormone (LH) levels and sexual behaviors of male mice. Methods: Forty 3-month-old male mice, 22 - 25 g, were randomly allocated into four equal groups (n = 10 per group): the control group and three CR exposure groups including 8-hour group, 16-hour group and 24-hour group. Each mouse received different dose of CR exposure for 30 consecutive days. Sexual behaviors and testosterone and LH levels in serum were measured at the end of experiment. Furthermore, we also observed the weights of reproductive organs of each group, including testis, epididymis and seminal vesicle. Results: The mount latency and intromission latency in 24-hour group were significant higher than the control (both P < 0.01), while no obvious changes were seen in 8-hour group and 16-hour group (all P > 0.05). No difference in ejaculation latency existed among each group after the experiment (all P > 0.05). The frequency of mount and intromission in 24-hour group was statistically significantly lower than that of the control group (P < 0.05 and P < 0.01, respectively). No obvious change in the frequency of mount and intromission of the 8-hour group and 16-hour group was seen (all P > 0.05). Only the copulatory efficacy in the 24-hour group was statistically lower than the control group (P < 0.05). The serum levels of testosterone and LH in the 24-hour group were obviously higher than the control group (testosterone level: P < 0.05;LH level: P < 0.01). No significant differences were seen among the other two experimental groups and the control group (all P > 0.05). After the exposure of CR, the changes in the weights of sexual organs in the 24-hour group were significant compared with the control (testis weights, relative testis weight, epididymis weight, the weight of seminal vesicle, and the relative weight of seminal vesicle, all P < 0.01;the relative epididymis weight, P < 0.05). Conclusions: High dose exposure of CR can decline the testosterone and LH levels in mice and inhibit their sexual behaviors.
文摘A long-held belief is that pituitary hormones bind to their cognate receptors in classical target glands to actuate their manifold functions.However,a number of studies have shown that multiple types of pituitary hormone receptors are widely expressed in non-classical target organs.Each pituitary gland-derived hormone exhibits a wide range of nonconventional biological effects in these non-classical target organs.Herein,the extra biological functions of pituitary hormones,thyroid-stimulating hormone,follicle-stimulating hormone,luteinizing hormone,adrenocorticotrophic hormone,and prolactin when they act on non-classical organs were summarized,defined by the novel concept of an“atypical pituitary hormone–target tissue axis.”This novel proposal explains the pathomechanisms of abnormal glucose and lipid metabolism,obesity,hypertension,fatty liver,and atherosclerosis while offering a more comprehensive and systematic insights into the coordinated regulation of environmental factors,genetic factors,and neuroendocrine hormones on human biological functions.The continued exploration of the physiology of the“atypical pituitary hormone–target tissue axis”could enable the identification of novel therapeutic targets for metabolic diseases.
文摘Objective:Testosterone deficiency may be a risk factor for lower urinary tract symptoms(LUTS),and there may be a causal ink between the emergence of LUTS and the incidence of late-onset hypogonadism(LOH).We perfomed an epidemiologic study to investigate the association between symptomatic late-onset hypogonadism(SLOH)and LUTS in middle-aged and elderly rural Chinese males.Methods:A total of 965 men completed a questionnaire and underwent a detailed physical examination.The Aging Males'Symptoms(AMS)scale was used to assess SLOH,and the International Prostate Symptom Score(IPSS)questionnaire was used to assess LUTS.Serum reproductive hormone levels of testosterone,sex hormone-binding globulin(SHBG)and luteinizing hormone(LH)were measured.Results:A total of 965 males(mean age:56.34±8.85,range:40-80 years)were recruited for the present study.A total of 20.93%(202/965)were diagnosed with SLOH.A total of 93.16%(899/965)had mild LUTS,5.18%(50/965)had moderate LUTS,and 1.66%(16/965)had severe LUTS.Among SLOH patients,13.40%(27/202)and 3.90%(8/202)had moderate and severe LUTS,respectively.Patients with severe LUTS had increased SHBG and LH compared with those with mild and moderate LUTS(P<0.01).Correlation analysis revealed that the AMS total score was positively correlated with the IPSS score(P<0.05).The prevalence of SLOH was significantly increased with LUTS severity In addition to the known effect of age,the results of mutiple regression analysis also showed that serum LH or SHBG appeared to have a weak link with SLOH and LUTS that requires etiological and biological clarification in our future study.Conclusion:In this cross-sectional analysis of SLOH and LUTS,LUTS severity was significantly associated with hypogonadism symptoms.Additionally,the prevalence of SLOH advanced with increasing LUTS severity.Serum SHBG or LH showed a positive correlation with SLOH and LUTS.
基金Supported by the Special Project for Scientific Research and Construction of a National Traditional Chinese Medicine Clinical Research Base of the China State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine(No.JD2X2012019)
文摘OBJECTIVE:To assess the efficacy of acupoint therapy combined with spine pinching in patients with menopausal syndrome.METHODS:This is a parallel,randomized,controlled,investigator-blinded trial.A total of 132 participants were randomly assigned to receive either acupoint therapy combined with spine pinching(intervention group)or tibolone therapy alone(control group).The intervention group received acupoint therapy combined with spine pinching three times per week for 4 weeks.The control group received 2.5 mg of tibolone once daily for 4 weeks.The primary outcome was the improved Kupperman score.The WHO quality of life scale was also used.The secondary aim was to identify those who would benefit from acupoint therapy combined with spine pinching based on the levels of follicle stimulating hormone(FSH)and luteinizing hormone(LH).RESULTS:In the intervention group,the improved Kupperman score was significantly decreased after treatment compared with before treatment.However,there were no differences between the intervention and control groups for any outcome.Changes in the physiology score presented negative outcomes in patients with a low FSH level with increasing body mass index(BMI)(P=0.0).In contrast,changes in the physiology score presented positive outcomes in patients with a moderate LH level with increasing BMI(P=0.0).The mean change in the physiology score of patients with a low FSH level and a BMI of≥25.7 kg/m2 was-7.17(range-10.94 to-3.40)after adjustments for age and disease duration.CONCLUSION:Acupoint therapy combined with spine pinching is effective in treating menopausal syndrome,especially in women with a moderate LH level.However,patients with a low FSH level had a negative outcome after acupoint therapy combined with spine pinching.In addition,patients with a BMI of>25.7 kg/m2 had a negative outcome after the intervention,regardless of hormone levels.
基金Department of Biotechnology(Grant No.BT/PR28560/AAQ/3/919/2018)Department of Science and Technology under PURSE Program[Grant No.SR/PURSE Phase 2/42(G)]to SM+2 种基金University Grants Commission,New Delhi for Senior Research Fellowship(F.No.16-9(June 2018)/2019(NET/CSIR),15/04/2019)to SGDST,New Delhi through the award of INSPIRE Fellowship(NO:DST/INSPIRE/03/2015/005022)to SBThe authors are also thankful to Head,Department of Zoology,Visva-Bharati University,Santiniketan,India(grant number DST-FIST No.SR/FST/LS II-031/2013[C])for providing infrastructural facilities.
文摘Reproduction in bony fish,specifically in the female teleost,encompasses well-defined stages,including growth and development,final oocyte maturation and finally ovulation-a pre-requisite for forming fertilizable female gametes.The morphological changes encountered during ovulatory response engage a multitude of endocrine,autocrine,and paracrine factors.These include gonadal steroids,growth factors,inflammatory cytokines,prostaglandins,leukotrienes and matrix metalloproteinases.In recent years,the active participation of prostaglandins and their receptors in LH-dependent ovulatory action has received much attention.Considerable evidence also supports the participation of nitric oxide/nitric oxide synthase(NO/NOS)unit in regulating meiotic maturation and ovulatory cascade.However,relatively less information is available on physiological relevance,the inter-relationship and the conjoined efforts of these molecular candidates to trigger ovulation in the fish ovary.The prime objective of the present article is to summarize the potential cross-talk between major molecular candidates downstream of LH action in the follicular layer.Besides,the intraovarian role of prostaglandin(PG)vis-`a-vis NO/NOS system on mammalian and teleost ovulatory response has been emphasised.
