Deep-sea mining activities can potentially release metals,which pose a toxicological threat to deep-sea ecosystems.Nevertheless,due to the remoteness and inaccessibility of the deep-sea biosphere,there is insufficient...Deep-sea mining activities can potentially release metals,which pose a toxicological threat to deep-sea ecosystems.Nevertheless,due to the remoteness and inaccessibility of the deep-sea biosphere,there is insufficient knowledge about the impact of metal exposure on its inhabitants.In this study,deep-sea mussel Gigantidas platifrons,a commonly used deep-sea toxicology model organism,was exposed to manganese(100,1000μg/L)or iron(500,5000μg/L)for 7 d,respectively.Manganese and iron were chosen for their high levels of occurrence within deep-sea deposits.Metal accumulation and a battery of biochemical biomarkers related to antioxidative stress in superoxide dismutase(SOD),catalase(CAT),malondialdehyde(MDA);immune function in alkaline phosphatase(AKP),acid phosphatase(ACP);and energy metabolism in pyruvate kinase(PK)and hexokinase(HK)were assessed in mussel gills.Results showed that deep-sea mussel G.platifrons exhibited a high capacity to accumulate Mn/Fe.In addition,most tested biochemical parameters were altered by metal exposure,demonstrating that metals could induce oxidative stress,suppress the immune system,and affect energy metabolism of deep-sea mussels.The integrated biomarker response(IBR)approach indicated that the exposure to Mn/Fe had a negative impact on deep-sea mussels,and Mn demonstrated a more harmful impact on deep-sea mussels than Fe.Additionally,SOD and CAT biomarkers had the greatest impact on IBR values in Mn treatments,while ACP and HK were most influential for the low-and high-dose Fe groups,respectively.This study represents the first application of the IBR approach to evaluate the toxicity of metals on deep-sea fauna and serves as a crucial framework for risk assessment of deep-sea mining-associated metal exposure.展开更多
Unlike chemosynthetic drugs designed for specific molecular and disease targets,active small-molecule natural products typically have a wide range of bioactivities and multiple targets,necessitating extensive screenin...Unlike chemosynthetic drugs designed for specific molecular and disease targets,active small-molecule natural products typically have a wide range of bioactivities and multiple targets,necessitating extensive screening and development.To address this issue,we propose a strategy for the direct in situ microdynamic examination of potential drug candidates to rapidly identify their effects and mechanisms of action.As a proof-of-concept,we investigated the behavior of mussel oligosaccharide(MOS-1)by tracking the subcellular dynamics of fluorescently labeled MOS-1 in cultured cells.We recorded the entire dynamic process of the localization of fluorescein isothiocyanate(FITC)-MOS-1 to the lysosomes and visualized the distribution of the drug within the cell.Remarkably,lysosomes containing FITC-MOS-1 actively recruited lipid droplets,leading to fusion events and increased cellular lipid consumption.These drug behaviors confirmed MOS-1 is a candidate for the treatment of lipid-related diseases.Furthermore,in a high-fat HepG2 cell model and in high-fat diet-fed apolipoprotein E(ApoE)^(-/-)mice,MOS-1 significantly promoted triglyceride degradation,reduced lipid droplet accumulation,lowered serum triglyceride levels,and mitigated liver damage and steatosis.Overall,our work supports the prioritization of in situ visual monitoring of drug location and distribution in subcellular compartments during the drug development phase,as this methodology contributes to the rapid identification of drug indications.Collectively,this methodology is significant for the screening and development of selective small-molecule drugs,and is expected to expedite the identification of candidate molecules with medicinal effects.展开更多
Mussel aquaculture and large yellow croaker aquaculture areas and their environmental characteristics in Zhoushan were analyzed using satellite data and in-situ surveys.A new two-step remote sensing method was propose...Mussel aquaculture and large yellow croaker aquaculture areas and their environmental characteristics in Zhoushan were analyzed using satellite data and in-situ surveys.A new two-step remote sensing method was proposed and applied to determine the basic environmental characteristics of the best mussel and large yellow croaker aquaculture areas.This methodology includes the first step of extraction of the location distribution and the second step of the extraction of internal environmental factors.The fishery ranching index(FRI1,FRI2)was established to extract the mussel and the large yellow croaker aquaculture area in Zhoushan,using Gaofen-1(GF-1)and Gaofen-6(GF-6)satellite data with a special resolution of 2 m.In the second step,the environmental factors such as sea surface temperature(SST),chlorophyll a(Chl-a)concentration,current and tide,suspended sediment concentration(SSC)in mussel aquaculture area and large yellow croaker aquaculture area were extracted and analyzed in detail.The results show the following three points.(1)For the extraction of the mussel aquaculture area,FRI1 and FRI2 are complementary,and the combination of FRI1 and FRI2 is suitable to extract the mussel aquaculture area.As for the large yellow croaker aquaculture area extraction,FRI2 is suitable.(2)Mussel aquaculture and the large yellow croaker aquaculture area in Zhoushan are mainly located on the side near the islands that are away from the eastern open waters.The water environment factor template suitable for mussel and large yellow croaker aquaculture was determined.(3)This two-step remote sensing method can be used for the preliminary screening of potential site selection for the mussels and large yellow croaker aquaculture area in the future.the fishery ranching index(FRI1,FRI2)in this paper can be applied to extract the mussel and large yellow croaker aquaculture areas in coastal waters around the world.展开更多
Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons(PAHs)are typical persistent organic pollutants(POPs)that are commonly found in the environment.They are carcinogenic,teratogenic,mutagenic and biodegradable obviously.In this paper,the...Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons(PAHs)are typical persistent organic pollutants(POPs)that are commonly found in the environment.They are carcinogenic,teratogenic,mutagenic and biodegradable obviously.In this paper,the modified mussel shells were used to adsorb and remove anthracene.The results show that the adsorption removal rate of the mussel shells was higher after calcination at 600℃.5%H_(3)PO_(4) solution was more suitable for shell treatment than 3 mol/L ZnCl_(2) solution.As the dosage of the modified shells was 0.5 g/L,the adsorption reached a stable state,and the removal rate of PAHs was about 69.44%;the adsorption efficiency rose with the increase of time.It can be seen that as a new and cheap biological adsorbent,the modified shells can be used to remove PAHs from wastewater.展开更多
The rapidly increasing global population has resulted in an increased demand for proteins in the human diet.The mussel meat protein is an affordable,abundant,sustainable,and environmentally friendly source of proteins...The rapidly increasing global population has resulted in an increased demand for proteins in the human diet.The mussel meat protein is an affordable,abundant,sustainable,and environmentally friendly source of proteins suitable for human consumption.This review described the composition and characteristics of mussel meat proteins,as well as methods for sufficiently isolating and extracting these proteins.Several non-thermal processing technologies including high-pressure homogenization and ultrasonication are introduced for the mussel meat protein modification,and the impact of these processing treatments on the structure and functional properties of mussel meat proteins is also discussed.Moreover,the production of bioactive peptides with various kinds of biological activities from mussel meat proteins is highlighted.Finally,industrial and commercial applications of mussel meat proteins and their derived bioactive peptides in food formulations are discussed.The research findings demonstrated that homogenization and ultrasonication treatments could induce the change in protein conformation and significantly improve the functionality of mussel meat proteins.Enzymatic hydrolysis and fermentation are effective approaches to produce bioactive peptides with multiple biological activities from mussels.Mussel meat proteins exhibit considerable nutritional and functional values compared to other widely used protein sources.Therefore,mussel meat protein could be used as a sustainable alternative protein resource in food applications.展开更多
[ Object] The aim was to discuss the pollution status of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons （PAHs） in mussels from the middle and lower main stream of Huaihe River, which will provide a scientific basis for dietary sa...[ Object] The aim was to discuss the pollution status of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons （PAHs） in mussels from the middle and lower main stream of Huaihe River, which will provide a scientific basis for dietary safety of mussels. [ Method] Suspended matter, sediment, and mussel samples were collected from Wuxiaojie and Fushanji in middle and lower reaches of Huaihe River. All samples were extracted with Soxhlet, separated through Silica GeI-Al2O3 column, and determined by GC-MS, and then 16 typical PAHs contents in the prior table listed by American EPA were obtained. [ Result] The results indicated that total PAHs concentrations in suspended matters and sediments of Wuxiaojie were significantly higher than those in Fushanji respectively. However, PAHs concentrations in mussels of the two samplings showed little difference; as for single PAH component, low-ring PAHs were more advantaged in suspended matters of two sampling sites, while high-ring PAHs were more advantaged in mussels. PAHs in sediments of Wuxiaojie assumed low-ring aspect, though PAHs in sediments of Fushanji assumed high-ring aspect. [ Conclusion] In spite of that sediments and mussels were not yet contaminated according to the ecological risk assessment of PAHs, its potential hazards couldn＇t be ignored any more.展开更多
The level and pattern of residues of organochlorine pesticide and polychlorinated biphenyls(PCBs) were analyzed in sediment and mussel(Perna viridis) samples from ten coastal sites along the Pearl River Delta, South C...The level and pattern of residues of organochlorine pesticide and polychlorinated biphenyls(PCBs) were analyzed in sediment and mussel(Perna viridis) samples from ten coastal sites along the Pearl River Delta, South China. The range of total HCH was <0 01 to 0 29 ng/g freeze-dried weight in sediment, and <0 0 1 to 1 35 ng/g lipid weight in mussels. Average total DDTs concentrations ranged from <0 01 to 1 04 ng/g in sediment, and <0 01 to 148 5 ng/g in mussels . Average total PCB concentrations ranged from 16 4 to 198 6 ng/g in sediment, and from 41 to 729.2 ng/g in mussels. Organochlorine pesticide and PCBs in mussels and sediments presented similar distribution patterns. The regression analysis indicated that PCBs concentrations in mussels were significantly correlated(p<0 01) with concentrations in sediments. However, their concentrations in mussels were several times higher than the concentration detected in surrounding sediments. The major fraction of DDT related compounds measured in mussels and sediments was DDD. Based on average PCB concentrations, penta-, hexa-, and tetrachlorobiphenyls were preferentially accumulated by mussels as compared to the average sediment composition. According to the present results,three organochlorine polluted “hot spot' sites, including Victoria Harbour, Lingding Yang and Huangmao Sea, were found in the Pearl River estuarine zone. HCHs, DDTs and PCBs in all mussel samples were below the limits of 2, 0 2 and 5 0 μg/g wet weight recommended by the Technical Group of Guangdong Coastal Zone Resource Comprehensive Survey and U. S. Food and Drug Administration.展开更多
Concentrations of 8 heavy metals: cadmium (Cd), copper (Cu), zinc (Zn), lead (Pb), nickel (Ni), chromium (Cr), antimony (Sb) and tin (Sn) were examined in 3 species of bivalves (Perna viridis, Crassostrea rivularis ...Concentrations of 8 heavy metals: cadmium (Cd), copper (Cu), zinc (Zn), lead (Pb), nickel (Ni), chromium (Cr), antimony (Sb) and tin (Sn) were examined in 3 species of bivalves (Perna viridis, Crassostrea rivularis and Ruditapes philippinarum) collected from 25 sites along the Pearl River Delta coastal waters in the South China Sea from July to August 1996. In general, Cd, Cu, Zn and Sn concentrations in the three bivalve species collected from the Estuarine Zone were significantly higher than those collected from the Western and Eastern Zones of the Pearl River Delta, which are related to the existence of various anthropogenic activities in the catchment of the Pearl River Delta. The Western Estuarine Zone is mainly impacted by Cr, Ni and Cu contamination. In Victoria Harbor, heavy metal contamination is mainly due to Cu and Pb. Cd, Cu and Zn concentrations in oysters were significantly higher than those in mussels and clams. This could be explained by the fact that oysters live mainly in the Estuarine Zone of the Pearl River Delta which receives most of the polluting discharges from the catchment of the Delta. During turbid condition, heavy metals(soluble or adsorbed on suspended particulates) discharged from the Delta are filtered from the water column and subsequently accumulated into the soft body tissues of oysters. Heavy metal concentrations in the three bivalve species were compared with the maximum permissible levels of heavy metals in seafood regulated by the Public Health and Municipal Services Ordinance, Laws of Hong Kong, and it was revealed that Cd and Cr concentrations in the three bivalve species exceeded the upper limits. At certain hotspots in the Delta, the maximum acceptable daily load for Cd was also exceeded.展开更多
Golden mussel Limnoperna fortunei(Dunker 1857) is a filter-collector species of fresh water mussel originating from southern China. In the water transfer tunnels from the East River to Shenzhen and Hong Kong, golden m...Golden mussel Limnoperna fortunei(Dunker 1857) is a filter-collector species of fresh water mussel originating from southern China. In the water transfer tunnels from the East River to Shenzhen and Hong Kong, golden mussels attach to the walls of pipelines and gates, causing serious biofouling, increased flow resistance, and resulted in corrosion of the tunnel wall. Golden mussel has very high environmental adaptability and may colonize habitats with low dissolved oxygen and a wide range of trophic levels. The colonization process of the species on solid surface was studied in the Xizhijiang River, a tributary of the East River and the main water resource of Shenzhen from March 2010 to April 2011. The results showed that the golden mussel completed three generations and reproduced six cohorts per year in the tropic zone. Water temperature was the controlling factor for the growth rate and maturity of each cohort. Based on the results, an ecological method for controlling the invasion of golden mussels in water transfer tunnels was proposed.展开更多
In this study, a programmable freezing technique has been developed for strip spawned sperm in the blue mussel, M ytilus galloprovincialis. The optimized key parameters include cooling rate, endpoint temperature, thaw...In this study, a programmable freezing technique has been developed for strip spawned sperm in the blue mussel, M ytilus galloprovincialis. The optimized key parameters include cooling rate, endpoint temperature, thawing temperature, sugar addition and sperm to oocyte ratio. The sperm quality was assessed by the fertilization rate or the integrity of sperm component and organelle. The highest post-thaw sperm fertilization rate was 91%, which was produced with sperm cryopreserved in 8% dimethyl sulfoxide at the cooling rate of-4°C/min from 2°C to-30°C before being plunged into liquid nitrogen for at least 12 h, thawed in a 20°C seawater bath and fertilized at sperm to egg ratio of 50 000:1. The addition of glucose, sucrose or trehalose to 8% dimethyl sulfoxide could not further improve fertilization rates. The fluorescent assessments showed that the post-thaw sperm plasma membrane integrity and acrosome integrity were significantly damaged in comparison with fresh sperm.展开更多
Our field experiments showed that the cultivation of pearl mussels formed a new biocoene composed of filamentous algae, protozoa, porifera and coelenterate. It effectively reduced nitrogen, phosphorus, chemical oxygen...Our field experiments showed that the cultivation of pearl mussels formed a new biocoene composed of filamentous algae, protozoa, porifera and coelenterate. It effectively reduced nitrogen, phosphorus, chemical oxygen demand and biochemical oxygen demand in the water by 67.3%, 73.2%, 38.1% and 15.5%, respectively, during May to September 1998 when the water eutrophication was developing. This could control water eutrophication and produce pearls, shellfish meat and shells. This is an economical and effective way to control water eutrophication by using the ultra strong filtering capability of freshwater pearl mussels.展开更多
Green-lipped mussel, Perna viridis is a warm water mussel species that is distributed widely in the Indo-Pacific regions. It is a commercially important species and has demonstrated a great culture potential in tropic...Green-lipped mussel, Perna viridis is a warm water mussel species that is distributed widely in the Indo-Pacific regions. It is a commercially important species and has demonstrated a great culture potential in tropical countries. The feeding behavior of P. viridis is influenced by both seston concentration and its nutritional values. It is shown the mussels exhibit higher ingestion rate when the organic content of the seston is higher. Interestingly, several studies have reported that P. viridis can demonstrate selective feeding behavior towards phytoplankton. Short term studies have shown that the P. viridis exhibits preferentially ingestion of dinoflagellates, while long term studies show that the P. viridis has a higher growth rate during diatom blooms. Nevertheless, spawning of P. viridis is induced by high primary productivity at relatively high sea water temperature. In the temperate countries, spawning is seasonal but normally occurs in summer. In the tropical countries, however, the P. viridis has been shown to spawn all year-round with two peaks which coincide with monsoon seasons. The site selection is critically important when considering the green mussel culture. Feasibility study for P. viridis farming is normally carried out first in order to evaluate the environmental conditions of the site. This paper attempts to review the current knowledge of biology, selective feeding behaviour, growth, reproductive and the aquaculture site selection methods for green-lipped mussel.展开更多
Freshwater mussels are a major component of the zoobenthos and they therefore play an important role in freshwater ecosystems. The community composition and the standing crop of freshwater mussels in Poyang Lake, the ...Freshwater mussels are a major component of the zoobenthos and they therefore play an important role in freshwater ecosystems. The community composition and the standing crop of freshwater mussels in Poyang Lake, the largest freshwater lake in China and one of two lakes connected to the Changjiang （Yangtze） River, were investigated from February 2008 to May 2009. Mussels were sampled in hydrologically and geographically distinct sampling areas. A total of 42 species and 13 genera were identified, of which 32 species were endemic to China. Two species, Unio douglasiae and Lamprotula caveata, dominated all sampling areas. The number of genera and species, and the number of species within each genus, differed significantly among sampling areas. Freshwater mussels were very abundant, with an overall density of 0.28±0.22 ind./m-＇ and biomass of 4.08±3.96 g/m^2. Significant variation observed among sampling areas and among genera was probably due to the variety of habitats among the areas sampled and to the adaptability of different freshwater mussels to environments. This study suggests that Poyang Lake and other freshwater lakes in the region are important sites of freshwater mussel biodiversity and conservation.展开更多
The combination of hydrolytic acidification and biological aerated filter （BAF） filled with mussel shells was used to treat domestic wastewater, and the removal rates of chemical oxygen demand （COD）, ammonia nitro...The combination of hydrolytic acidification and biological aerated filter （BAF） filled with mussel shells was used to treat domestic wastewater, and the removal rates of chemical oxygen demand （COD）, ammonia nitrogen （NH3-N） and total phosphorus （TP） by the system were analyzed under different TP concentrations. When TP concentration ranged from 12.39 to 14.69 mg/L, the removal rate of COD was the best, over 90.92% ; as TP concentration varied from 2.26 to 2.61 mg/L, the removal rates of NH3-N and TP were the best, up to 100.00% and 76.38% respectively. The results show that it is feasible to use mussel shells as the media of BAF, and TP concentration has certain influence on the performance of the system dealing with domestic wastewater.展开更多
The zebra mussel is an important aquatic pest that causes great damage to freshwater-dependent industries, due to biofouling. The main goal of the project discussed here is to develop improved solutions to control thi...The zebra mussel is an important aquatic pest that causes great damage to freshwater-dependent industries, due to biofouling. The main goal of the project discussed here is to develop improved solutions to control this species. Three approaches have been explored in an attempt to design innovative application strategies for existing biocides： （i） encapsulation of toxins; （ii） combination of toxins; （iii） investigation of the seasonal variation of the species＇ tolerance to toxins. In this paper, the principles behind these approaches and the major results on each topic are presented. The benefits of adopting a chemical product engineering approach in conducting this project are also discussed.展开更多
Several treatment options have been developed to minimize the spread of zebra mussel Dreissena polymorphaveligers (larvae) during fish transportation. However, the effect of these treatments on the survival of newly-f...Several treatment options have been developed to minimize the spread of zebra mussel Dreissena polymorphaveligers (larvae) during fish transportation. However, the effect of these treatments on the survival of newly-fertilized salmonid eggs has not been evaluated. This study examined the survival of water-hardened landlocked fall Chinook salmon Oncorhynchus tshawytscha eggs after one of four different treatments: 1) Control (no chemicals), 2) 100 mg/L formalin for two hours, 3) 750 mg/L of potassium chloride for one hour followed by 20 mg/L formalin for two hours, and 4) 750 mg/L of potassium chloride for one hour followed by 20 mg/L formalin for three hours. The 100 mg/L formalin treatment produced complete egg mortality. Survival to hatch was not significantly different among the other three treatments. Based on these results, the use of 750 mg/L potassium chloride for one hour followed by 20 mg/L formalin for three hours is recommended when moving Chinook salmon eggs from waters potentially infested with zebra mussels to hatcheries for incubation.展开更多
Mussels from two sites within the Baltic mussel (Mytilus edulis × M. trossulus) hybrid zone were used in a comparative study on the effects of salinity-changing rates on filtration activity. The acute effect of v...Mussels from two sites within the Baltic mussel (Mytilus edulis × M. trossulus) hybrid zone were used in a comparative study on the effects of salinity-changing rates on filtration activity. The acute effect of varying salinity-changing rates was found to be similar in M. edulis from the brackish Great Belt and in M. trossulus from the low saline Central Baltic Sea, and the relationships could be described by linear regression lines through 0.0 indicating that the acute effect of deteriorating conditions at decreasing salinities is the opposite as for improving conditions when the salinity is subsequently increased. Further, both M. edulis and M. trossulus acclimatized to 20 psu reacted to an acute salinity change to 6.5 psu by immediately closing their valves whereupon the filtration rate gradually increased during the following days, but only M. trossulus had completely acclimatized to 6.5 psu within 5 days which may be explained by different genotypes of M. edulis and M. trossulus which probably reflected an evolutionary adaptation of the latter to survive in the stable low-salinity Baltic Sea.展开更多
The effects of salinities between 10 and 30 psu on the growth of blue mussels, Mytilus edulis, were studied in laboratory feeding experiments and compared to the growth of mussels suspended in net-bags in the brackish...The effects of salinities between 10 and 30 psu on the growth of blue mussels, Mytilus edulis, were studied in laboratory feeding experiments and compared to the growth of mussels suspended in net-bags in the brackish water Great Belt, Denmark. In the laboratory, 3 series of growth experiments were conducted: in Series #1, groups of mussels were exposed to 10, 15, 25 and 30 psu, in Series #2, two groups of mussels were exposed to 10 and 30 psu, respectively, for 15 days (first period) where upon the mussels were exposed to the reversed salinities for another 15 days (second period). In Series #3, two groups of mussels were initially exposed to 15 and 25 psu for 22 days whereupon the mussel groups were exposed to the reversed salinities for another 17 days. In the laboratory experiments there was a tendency towards reduced growth with decreasing salinity, reflected as reduced shell growth rate and decreasing weight specific growth rate with falling salinity. The shell growth rate was relatively low in the first feeding period compared to the second period, and mussels that were initially exposed to 10 psu, where the growth was low, exhibited fast growth when subsequently exposed to 30 psu, and reversed when 30 psu mussels were exposed to 10 psu. The study showed that mussels are able to adjust growth at changing salinities, and the observed effect of salinity could partly be explained by a temporary shell valve closure after a sudden change in salinity. The specific growth rate of mussels measured in laboratory experiments at salinities between 15 to 25 psu (4.2% to 4.8% d–1) were comparable to the growth of mussels in the field experiment (3.2% to 4.0% d–1) where the salinity varied between 24 and 13 psu during the growth period.展开更多
In this study on the biological activity of selenium-enriched mussel extract. rdts were randomly separated into three weight groups fed a basal selenium-deficient diet. diet supplemented by selenium from sodium seleni...In this study on the biological activity of selenium-enriched mussel extract. rdts were randomly separated into three weight groups fed a basal selenium-deficient diet. diet supplemented by selenium from sodium selenite. and selenium enriched mussel extract. aspectively. Body weights of the rats were determined and metabolic experiment Was conducted after 4 weeks. The rats were killed after 8 weeks. Glutathione peroxidase activity and selenium content in liver and blood were determined. The results showed that selenium in mussel extract could be better absorbed by the rats and effectively promote their growth.There were no significant differences in glutathione peroxidase activity between the rats fed mussel extract or sodium selenite. Compared with sodium selenite group. the selenium content in blood and liver was significantly higher in the rats fed mussel extract.展开更多
Mussel farming by the long-line system, in the shallow waters of the NW Thessaloniki Gulf, Greece, is a vital economic activity for the local communities. The management practices play an important role both in the en...Mussel farming by the long-line system, in the shallow waters of the NW Thessaloniki Gulf, Greece, is a vital economic activity for the local communities. The management practices play an important role both in the environmental quality and the support of the healthy growth of mussels. Αn experimental line of mussels in suspension placed at different sock distances as a management practice was systematically monitored for nutrients, chlorophyll α and dissolved oxygen. The study at four different mussel densities (distances of the socks) lasted from July 2014 to April 2015, covering the growth, reproduction and harvest cycle of mussels. Additional sampling took place in two selected sock distances, 30 and 70 cm, in the second sampling period, May-August 2015. The variability of nutrients along with chlorophyll α and dissolved oxygen, seasonally, spatially and vertically, was examined with the application of multivariate statistical analysis. The results showed low variation of nitrates among the sites but statistically significant differences of dissolved oxygen, ammonium, phosphate and chlorophyll α. The application of environmental indicators (TRIX, EI) in the data set was a useful tool in the identification of different variation schemes of the measured parameters in the cultures of various mussel densities.展开更多
基金Supported by the Marine S&T Fund of Shandong Province for Qingdao Marine Science and Technology Center(No.2022QNLM030004-1)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.42276153,42030407)+2 种基金the Strategic Priority Research Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(No.XDB42020401)the Key Research Program of Frontier Sciences,CAS(No.ZDBS-LY-DQC032)the National Key R&D Program of China(No.2022YFC2804003)。
文摘Deep-sea mining activities can potentially release metals,which pose a toxicological threat to deep-sea ecosystems.Nevertheless,due to the remoteness and inaccessibility of the deep-sea biosphere,there is insufficient knowledge about the impact of metal exposure on its inhabitants.In this study,deep-sea mussel Gigantidas platifrons,a commonly used deep-sea toxicology model organism,was exposed to manganese(100,1000μg/L)or iron(500,5000μg/L)for 7 d,respectively.Manganese and iron were chosen for their high levels of occurrence within deep-sea deposits.Metal accumulation and a battery of biochemical biomarkers related to antioxidative stress in superoxide dismutase(SOD),catalase(CAT),malondialdehyde(MDA);immune function in alkaline phosphatase(AKP),acid phosphatase(ACP);and energy metabolism in pyruvate kinase(PK)and hexokinase(HK)were assessed in mussel gills.Results showed that deep-sea mussel G.platifrons exhibited a high capacity to accumulate Mn/Fe.In addition,most tested biochemical parameters were altered by metal exposure,demonstrating that metals could induce oxidative stress,suppress the immune system,and affect energy metabolism of deep-sea mussels.The integrated biomarker response(IBR)approach indicated that the exposure to Mn/Fe had a negative impact on deep-sea mussels,and Mn demonstrated a more harmful impact on deep-sea mussels than Fe.Additionally,SOD and CAT biomarkers had the greatest impact on IBR values in Mn treatments,while ACP and HK were most influential for the low-and high-dose Fe groups,respectively.This study represents the first application of the IBR approach to evaluate the toxicity of metals on deep-sea fauna and serves as a crucial framework for risk assessment of deep-sea mining-associated metal exposure.
基金supported by Shandong Province Key R&D Program,China(Major Technological Innovation Project)(Grant No.:2021CXGC010501)Young Elite Scientists Sponsorship Program by China Association of Chinese Medicine,China(Grant No.:CACM-2023-QNRC1-02)+8 种基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.:22107059,22007060,82302743)the Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province,China(Grant Nos.:ZR2022QH304,ZR2021QH057,ZR2020QB166)the Program for Youth Innovation Technology in Colleges and Universities of Shandong Province of China(Grant No.:2021KJ035)Taishan Scholars Program,China(Grant Nos.:TSQN202211221,TSPD20181218)Shandong Science Fund for Excellent Young Scholars,China(Grant No.:ZR2022YQ66)Shandong Province Traditional Chinese Medicine Science and Technology Project,China(Grant No.:Q-2023059)Shenzhen Basic Research Project,China(Grant No.:JCYJ20190809160209449)the General Project of Shandong Natural Science Foundation,China(Grant No.:ZR2021MH341)Jinan Innovation Team Project of Colleges and Universities,China(Grant No.:2021GXRC072).
文摘Unlike chemosynthetic drugs designed for specific molecular and disease targets,active small-molecule natural products typically have a wide range of bioactivities and multiple targets,necessitating extensive screening and development.To address this issue,we propose a strategy for the direct in situ microdynamic examination of potential drug candidates to rapidly identify their effects and mechanisms of action.As a proof-of-concept,we investigated the behavior of mussel oligosaccharide(MOS-1)by tracking the subcellular dynamics of fluorescently labeled MOS-1 in cultured cells.We recorded the entire dynamic process of the localization of fluorescein isothiocyanate(FITC)-MOS-1 to the lysosomes and visualized the distribution of the drug within the cell.Remarkably,lysosomes containing FITC-MOS-1 actively recruited lipid droplets,leading to fusion events and increased cellular lipid consumption.These drug behaviors confirmed MOS-1 is a candidate for the treatment of lipid-related diseases.Furthermore,in a high-fat HepG2 cell model and in high-fat diet-fed apolipoprotein E(ApoE)^(-/-)mice,MOS-1 significantly promoted triglyceride degradation,reduced lipid droplet accumulation,lowered serum triglyceride levels,and mitigated liver damage and steatosis.Overall,our work supports the prioritization of in situ visual monitoring of drug location and distribution in subcellular compartments during the drug development phase,as this methodology contributes to the rapid identification of drug indications.Collectively,this methodology is significant for the screening and development of selective small-molecule drugs,and is expected to expedite the identification of candidate molecules with medicinal effects.
基金The National Key Research and Development Program of China under contract Nos 2023YFD2401900 and 2020YFD09008004the National Natural Science Foundation of China Key International(Regional)Cooperative Research Project under contract No.42020104009the Basic Public Welfare Research Program of Zhejiang Province under contract No.LGF21D010004.
文摘Mussel aquaculture and large yellow croaker aquaculture areas and their environmental characteristics in Zhoushan were analyzed using satellite data and in-situ surveys.A new two-step remote sensing method was proposed and applied to determine the basic environmental characteristics of the best mussel and large yellow croaker aquaculture areas.This methodology includes the first step of extraction of the location distribution and the second step of the extraction of internal environmental factors.The fishery ranching index(FRI1,FRI2)was established to extract the mussel and the large yellow croaker aquaculture area in Zhoushan,using Gaofen-1(GF-1)and Gaofen-6(GF-6)satellite data with a special resolution of 2 m.In the second step,the environmental factors such as sea surface temperature(SST),chlorophyll a(Chl-a)concentration,current and tide,suspended sediment concentration(SSC)in mussel aquaculture area and large yellow croaker aquaculture area were extracted and analyzed in detail.The results show the following three points.(1)For the extraction of the mussel aquaculture area,FRI1 and FRI2 are complementary,and the combination of FRI1 and FRI2 is suitable to extract the mussel aquaculture area.As for the large yellow croaker aquaculture area extraction,FRI2 is suitable.(2)Mussel aquaculture and the large yellow croaker aquaculture area in Zhoushan are mainly located on the side near the islands that are away from the eastern open waters.The water environment factor template suitable for mussel and large yellow croaker aquaculture was determined.(3)This two-step remote sensing method can be used for the preliminary screening of potential site selection for the mussels and large yellow croaker aquaculture area in the future.the fishery ranching index(FRI1,FRI2)in this paper can be applied to extract the mussel and large yellow croaker aquaculture areas in coastal waters around the world.
基金the Technology Research Project(LGF22D060003)Zhoushan Municipal Science and Technology Cooperation(Active Design)Project(2023C13015).
文摘Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons(PAHs)are typical persistent organic pollutants(POPs)that are commonly found in the environment.They are carcinogenic,teratogenic,mutagenic and biodegradable obviously.In this paper,the modified mussel shells were used to adsorb and remove anthracene.The results show that the adsorption removal rate of the mussel shells was higher after calcination at 600℃.5%H_(3)PO_(4) solution was more suitable for shell treatment than 3 mol/L ZnCl_(2) solution.As the dosage of the modified shells was 0.5 g/L,the adsorption reached a stable state,and the removal rate of PAHs was about 69.44%;the adsorption efficiency rose with the increase of time.It can be seen that as a new and cheap biological adsorbent,the modified shells can be used to remove PAHs from wastewater.
基金financially supported by the Central Public-interest Scientific Institution Basal Research Fund,CAFS(Grant No.2023TD64&2023TD66)Freshwater Fisheries Research Center,CAFS(Grant No.2023JBFM12)Solenaia oleivora ecological Compensation Program in Fuyang Section(2023).
文摘The rapidly increasing global population has resulted in an increased demand for proteins in the human diet.The mussel meat protein is an affordable,abundant,sustainable,and environmentally friendly source of proteins suitable for human consumption.This review described the composition and characteristics of mussel meat proteins,as well as methods for sufficiently isolating and extracting these proteins.Several non-thermal processing technologies including high-pressure homogenization and ultrasonication are introduced for the mussel meat protein modification,and the impact of these processing treatments on the structure and functional properties of mussel meat proteins is also discussed.Moreover,the production of bioactive peptides with various kinds of biological activities from mussel meat proteins is highlighted.Finally,industrial and commercial applications of mussel meat proteins and their derived bioactive peptides in food formulations are discussed.The research findings demonstrated that homogenization and ultrasonication treatments could induce the change in protein conformation and significantly improve the functionality of mussel meat proteins.Enzymatic hydrolysis and fermentation are effective approaches to produce bioactive peptides with multiple biological activities from mussels.Mussel meat proteins exhibit considerable nutritional and functional values compared to other widely used protein sources.Therefore,mussel meat protein could be used as a sustainable alternative protein resource in food applications.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.40073030)~~
文摘[ Object] The aim was to discuss the pollution status of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons （PAHs） in mussels from the middle and lower main stream of Huaihe River, which will provide a scientific basis for dietary safety of mussels. [ Method] Suspended matter, sediment, and mussel samples were collected from Wuxiaojie and Fushanji in middle and lower reaches of Huaihe River. All samples were extracted with Soxhlet, separated through Silica GeI-Al2O3 column, and determined by GC-MS, and then 16 typical PAHs contents in the prior table listed by American EPA were obtained. [ Result] The results indicated that total PAHs concentrations in suspended matters and sediments of Wuxiaojie were significantly higher than those in Fushanji respectively. However, PAHs concentrations in mussels of the two samplings showed little difference; as for single PAH component, low-ring PAHs were more advantaged in suspended matters of two sampling sites, while high-ring PAHs were more advantaged in mussels. PAHs in sediments of Wuxiaojie assumed low-ring aspect, though PAHs in sediments of Fushanji assumed high-ring aspect. [ Conclusion] In spite of that sediments and mussels were not yet contaminated according to the ecological risk assessment of PAHs, its potential hazards couldn＇t be ignored any more.
文摘The level and pattern of residues of organochlorine pesticide and polychlorinated biphenyls(PCBs) were analyzed in sediment and mussel(Perna viridis) samples from ten coastal sites along the Pearl River Delta, South China. The range of total HCH was <0 01 to 0 29 ng/g freeze-dried weight in sediment, and <0 0 1 to 1 35 ng/g lipid weight in mussels. Average total DDTs concentrations ranged from <0 01 to 1 04 ng/g in sediment, and <0 01 to 148 5 ng/g in mussels . Average total PCB concentrations ranged from 16 4 to 198 6 ng/g in sediment, and from 41 to 729.2 ng/g in mussels. Organochlorine pesticide and PCBs in mussels and sediments presented similar distribution patterns. The regression analysis indicated that PCBs concentrations in mussels were significantly correlated(p<0 01) with concentrations in sediments. However, their concentrations in mussels were several times higher than the concentration detected in surrounding sediments. The major fraction of DDT related compounds measured in mussels and sediments was DDD. Based on average PCB concentrations, penta-, hexa-, and tetrachlorobiphenyls were preferentially accumulated by mussels as compared to the average sediment composition. According to the present results,three organochlorine polluted “hot spot' sites, including Victoria Harbour, Lingding Yang and Huangmao Sea, were found in the Pearl River estuarine zone. HCHs, DDTs and PCBs in all mussel samples were below the limits of 2, 0 2 and 5 0 μg/g wet weight recommended by the Technical Group of Guangdong Coastal Zone Resource Comprehensive Survey and U. S. Food and Drug Administration.
文摘Concentrations of 8 heavy metals: cadmium (Cd), copper (Cu), zinc (Zn), lead (Pb), nickel (Ni), chromium (Cr), antimony (Sb) and tin (Sn) were examined in 3 species of bivalves (Perna viridis, Crassostrea rivularis and Ruditapes philippinarum) collected from 25 sites along the Pearl River Delta coastal waters in the South China Sea from July to August 1996. In general, Cd, Cu, Zn and Sn concentrations in the three bivalve species collected from the Estuarine Zone were significantly higher than those collected from the Western and Eastern Zones of the Pearl River Delta, which are related to the existence of various anthropogenic activities in the catchment of the Pearl River Delta. The Western Estuarine Zone is mainly impacted by Cr, Ni and Cu contamination. In Victoria Harbor, heavy metal contamination is mainly due to Cu and Pb. Cd, Cu and Zn concentrations in oysters were significantly higher than those in mussels and clams. This could be explained by the fact that oysters live mainly in the Estuarine Zone of the Pearl River Delta which receives most of the polluting discharges from the catchment of the Delta. During turbid condition, heavy metals(soluble or adsorbed on suspended particulates) discharged from the Delta are filtered from the water column and subsequently accumulated into the soft body tissues of oysters. Heavy metal concentrations in the three bivalve species were compared with the maximum permissible levels of heavy metals in seafood regulated by the Public Health and Municipal Services Ordinance, Laws of Hong Kong, and it was revealed that Cd and Cr concentrations in the three bivalve species exceeded the upper limits. At certain hotspots in the Delta, the maximum acceptable daily load for Cd was also exceeded.
文摘Golden mussel Limnoperna fortunei(Dunker 1857) is a filter-collector species of fresh water mussel originating from southern China. In the water transfer tunnels from the East River to Shenzhen and Hong Kong, golden mussels attach to the walls of pipelines and gates, causing serious biofouling, increased flow resistance, and resulted in corrosion of the tunnel wall. Golden mussel has very high environmental adaptability and may colonize habitats with low dissolved oxygen and a wide range of trophic levels. The colonization process of the species on solid surface was studied in the Xizhijiang River, a tributary of the East River and the main water resource of Shenzhen from March 2010 to April 2011. The results showed that the golden mussel completed three generations and reproduced six cohorts per year in the tropic zone. Water temperature was the controlling factor for the growth rate and maturity of each cohort. Based on the results, an ecological method for controlling the invasion of golden mussels in water transfer tunnels was proposed.
基金Supported by the China Scholarship Council and South Australian Research and Development Institute(SARDI)
文摘In this study, a programmable freezing technique has been developed for strip spawned sperm in the blue mussel, M ytilus galloprovincialis. The optimized key parameters include cooling rate, endpoint temperature, thawing temperature, sugar addition and sperm to oocyte ratio. The sperm quality was assessed by the fertilization rate or the integrity of sperm component and organelle. The highest post-thaw sperm fertilization rate was 91%, which was produced with sperm cryopreserved in 8% dimethyl sulfoxide at the cooling rate of-4°C/min from 2°C to-30°C before being plunged into liquid nitrogen for at least 12 h, thawed in a 20°C seawater bath and fertilized at sperm to egg ratio of 50 000:1. The addition of glucose, sucrose or trehalose to 8% dimethyl sulfoxide could not further improve fertilization rates. The fluorescent assessments showed that the post-thaw sperm plasma membrane integrity and acrosome integrity were significantly damaged in comparison with fresh sperm.
文摘Our field experiments showed that the cultivation of pearl mussels formed a new biocoene composed of filamentous algae, protozoa, porifera and coelenterate. It effectively reduced nitrogen, phosphorus, chemical oxygen demand and biochemical oxygen demand in the water by 67.3%, 73.2%, 38.1% and 15.5%, respectively, during May to September 1998 when the water eutrophication was developing. This could control water eutrophication and produce pearls, shellfish meat and shells. This is an economical and effective way to control water eutrophication by using the ultra strong filtering capability of freshwater pearl mussels.
文摘Green-lipped mussel, Perna viridis is a warm water mussel species that is distributed widely in the Indo-Pacific regions. It is a commercially important species and has demonstrated a great culture potential in tropical countries. The feeding behavior of P. viridis is influenced by both seston concentration and its nutritional values. It is shown the mussels exhibit higher ingestion rate when the organic content of the seston is higher. Interestingly, several studies have reported that P. viridis can demonstrate selective feeding behavior towards phytoplankton. Short term studies have shown that the P. viridis exhibits preferentially ingestion of dinoflagellates, while long term studies show that the P. viridis has a higher growth rate during diatom blooms. Nevertheless, spawning of P. viridis is induced by high primary productivity at relatively high sea water temperature. In the temperate countries, spawning is seasonal but normally occurs in summer. In the tropical countries, however, the P. viridis has been shown to spawn all year-round with two peaks which coincide with monsoon seasons. The site selection is critically important when considering the green mussel culture. Feasibility study for P. viridis farming is normally carried out first in order to evaluate the environmental conditions of the site. This paper attempts to review the current knowledge of biology, selective feeding behaviour, growth, reproductive and the aquaculture site selection methods for green-lipped mussel.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No. 30860045)
文摘Freshwater mussels are a major component of the zoobenthos and they therefore play an important role in freshwater ecosystems. The community composition and the standing crop of freshwater mussels in Poyang Lake, the largest freshwater lake in China and one of two lakes connected to the Changjiang （Yangtze） River, were investigated from February 2008 to May 2009. Mussels were sampled in hydrologically and geographically distinct sampling areas. A total of 42 species and 13 genera were identified, of which 32 species were endemic to China. Two species, Unio douglasiae and Lamprotula caveata, dominated all sampling areas. The number of genera and species, and the number of species within each genus, differed significantly among sampling areas. Freshwater mussels were very abundant, with an overall density of 0.28±0.22 ind./m-＇ and biomass of 4.08±3.96 g/m^2. Significant variation observed among sampling areas and among genera was probably due to the variety of habitats among the areas sampled and to the adaptability of different freshwater mussels to environments. This study suggests that Poyang Lake and other freshwater lakes in the region are important sites of freshwater mussel biodiversity and conservation.
基金Supported by the Natural Science Foundation of Zhejiang Province,China(LY14D060003)Science and Technology Plan Project of Zhoushan City(2014C41004+1 种基金2014C11006)Governmental Public Industrial Research Special Funds for Maine Projects(201305012-2)
文摘The combination of hydrolytic acidification and biological aerated filter （BAF） filled with mussel shells was used to treat domestic wastewater, and the removal rates of chemical oxygen demand （COD）, ammonia nitrogen （NH3-N） and total phosphorus （TP） by the system were analyzed under different TP concentrations. When TP concentration ranged from 12.39 to 14.69 mg/L, the removal rate of COD was the best, over 90.92% ; as TP concentration varied from 2.26 to 2.61 mg/L, the removal rates of NH3-N and TP were the best, up to 100.00% and 76.38% respectively. The results show that it is feasible to use mussel shells as the media of BAF, and TP concentration has certain influence on the performance of the system dealing with domestic wastewater.
基金the Portuguese Foundation for Science and Technology (scholarship SFRH/BD/18731/2004 and Research Project Grant POCI/EQU/59305/2004).
文摘The zebra mussel is an important aquatic pest that causes great damage to freshwater-dependent industries, due to biofouling. The main goal of the project discussed here is to develop improved solutions to control this species. Three approaches have been explored in an attempt to design innovative application strategies for existing biocides： （i） encapsulation of toxins; （ii） combination of toxins; （iii） investigation of the seasonal variation of the species＇ tolerance to toxins. In this paper, the principles behind these approaches and the major results on each topic are presented. The benefits of adopting a chemical product engineering approach in conducting this project are also discussed.
文摘Several treatment options have been developed to minimize the spread of zebra mussel Dreissena polymorphaveligers (larvae) during fish transportation. However, the effect of these treatments on the survival of newly-fertilized salmonid eggs has not been evaluated. This study examined the survival of water-hardened landlocked fall Chinook salmon Oncorhynchus tshawytscha eggs after one of four different treatments: 1) Control (no chemicals), 2) 100 mg/L formalin for two hours, 3) 750 mg/L of potassium chloride for one hour followed by 20 mg/L formalin for two hours, and 4) 750 mg/L of potassium chloride for one hour followed by 20 mg/L formalin for three hours. The 100 mg/L formalin treatment produced complete egg mortality. Survival to hatch was not significantly different among the other three treatments. Based on these results, the use of 750 mg/L potassium chloride for one hour followed by 20 mg/L formalin for three hours is recommended when moving Chinook salmon eggs from waters potentially infested with zebra mussels to hatcheries for incubation.
文摘Mussels from two sites within the Baltic mussel (Mytilus edulis × M. trossulus) hybrid zone were used in a comparative study on the effects of salinity-changing rates on filtration activity. The acute effect of varying salinity-changing rates was found to be similar in M. edulis from the brackish Great Belt and in M. trossulus from the low saline Central Baltic Sea, and the relationships could be described by linear regression lines through 0.0 indicating that the acute effect of deteriorating conditions at decreasing salinities is the opposite as for improving conditions when the salinity is subsequently increased. Further, both M. edulis and M. trossulus acclimatized to 20 psu reacted to an acute salinity change to 6.5 psu by immediately closing their valves whereupon the filtration rate gradually increased during the following days, but only M. trossulus had completely acclimatized to 6.5 psu within 5 days which may be explained by different genotypes of M. edulis and M. trossulus which probably reflected an evolutionary adaptation of the latter to survive in the stable low-salinity Baltic Sea.
基金formed part of the MarBioShell project supported by the Danish Agency for Science,Technology and Innovation for the period January 2008 to December 2012.
文摘The effects of salinities between 10 and 30 psu on the growth of blue mussels, Mytilus edulis, were studied in laboratory feeding experiments and compared to the growth of mussels suspended in net-bags in the brackish water Great Belt, Denmark. In the laboratory, 3 series of growth experiments were conducted: in Series #1, groups of mussels were exposed to 10, 15, 25 and 30 psu, in Series #2, two groups of mussels were exposed to 10 and 30 psu, respectively, for 15 days (first period) where upon the mussels were exposed to the reversed salinities for another 15 days (second period). In Series #3, two groups of mussels were initially exposed to 15 and 25 psu for 22 days whereupon the mussel groups were exposed to the reversed salinities for another 17 days. In the laboratory experiments there was a tendency towards reduced growth with decreasing salinity, reflected as reduced shell growth rate and decreasing weight specific growth rate with falling salinity. The shell growth rate was relatively low in the first feeding period compared to the second period, and mussels that were initially exposed to 10 psu, where the growth was low, exhibited fast growth when subsequently exposed to 30 psu, and reversed when 30 psu mussels were exposed to 10 psu. The study showed that mussels are able to adjust growth at changing salinities, and the observed effect of salinity could partly be explained by a temporary shell valve closure after a sudden change in salinity. The specific growth rate of mussels measured in laboratory experiments at salinities between 15 to 25 psu (4.2% to 4.8% d–1) were comparable to the growth of mussels in the field experiment (3.2% to 4.0% d–1) where the salinity varied between 24 and 13 psu during the growth period.
文摘In this study on the biological activity of selenium-enriched mussel extract. rdts were randomly separated into three weight groups fed a basal selenium-deficient diet. diet supplemented by selenium from sodium selenite. and selenium enriched mussel extract. aspectively. Body weights of the rats were determined and metabolic experiment Was conducted after 4 weeks. The rats were killed after 8 weeks. Glutathione peroxidase activity and selenium content in liver and blood were determined. The results showed that selenium in mussel extract could be better absorbed by the rats and effectively promote their growth.There were no significant differences in glutathione peroxidase activity between the rats fed mussel extract or sodium selenite. Compared with sodium selenite group. the selenium content in blood and liver was significantly higher in the rats fed mussel extract.
文摘Mussel farming by the long-line system, in the shallow waters of the NW Thessaloniki Gulf, Greece, is a vital economic activity for the local communities. The management practices play an important role both in the environmental quality and the support of the healthy growth of mussels. Αn experimental line of mussels in suspension placed at different sock distances as a management practice was systematically monitored for nutrients, chlorophyll α and dissolved oxygen. The study at four different mussel densities (distances of the socks) lasted from July 2014 to April 2015, covering the growth, reproduction and harvest cycle of mussels. Additional sampling took place in two selected sock distances, 30 and 70 cm, in the second sampling period, May-August 2015. The variability of nutrients along with chlorophyll α and dissolved oxygen, seasonally, spatially and vertically, was examined with the application of multivariate statistical analysis. The results showed low variation of nitrates among the sites but statistically significant differences of dissolved oxygen, ammonium, phosphate and chlorophyll α. The application of environmental indicators (TRIX, EI) in the data set was a useful tool in the identification of different variation schemes of the measured parameters in the cultures of various mussel densities.
