Magnesium is an excellent material in terms of biocompatibility and its corrosion products can serve as an active source for new bone formation.However,localized corrosion and H_(2)generation limit the potential of Mg...Magnesium is an excellent material in terms of biocompatibility and its corrosion products can serve as an active source for new bone formation.However,localized corrosion and H_(2)generation limit the potential of Mg-based implants.Utilizing low-alloyed Mg-Zn wires can strongly reduce problems with large H_(2)bubbles and improve the mechanical properties considerably while maintaining excellent long-term biocompatibility.Acidic pickling and a polymer coating can be effectively used to lower the rate of in vivo degradation.In this work,microstructural,mechanical,and in vitro characterization of 250μm and 300μm extruded wires made from ultra-pure Mg,commercially pure Mg,Mg-0.15Zn,Mg-0.4Zn and Mg-1Zn was performed.Additionally,Mg-0.4Zn wires together with a variant coated with a copolymer of L-lactide andε-caprolactone were tested in vivo on artificially damaged Wistar rat femurs.Based on the observed Mg-induced osteogenesis,polymer-coated Mg wires with a small addition of Zn are a perspective material for bone-support applications,such as cerclage and fixation wires.展开更多
This study offers significant insights into the multi-physics phenomena of the SLM process and the subsequent porosity characteristics of ZK60 Magnesium(Mg)alloys.High-speed in-situ monitoring was employed to visualis...This study offers significant insights into the multi-physics phenomena of the SLM process and the subsequent porosity characteristics of ZK60 Magnesium(Mg)alloys.High-speed in-situ monitoring was employed to visualise process signals in real-time,elucidating the dynamics of melt pools and vapour plumes under varying laser power conditions specifically between 40 W and 60 W.Detailed morphological analysis was performed using Scanning-Electron Microscopy(SEM),demonstrating a critical correlation between laser power and pore formation.Lower laser power led to increased pore coverage,whereas a denser structure was observed at higher laser power.This laser power influence on porosity was further confirmed via Optical Microscopy(OM)conducted on both top and cross-sectional surfaces of the samples.An increase in laser power resulted in a decrease in pore coverage and pore size,potentially leading to a denser printed part of Mg alloy.X-ray Computed Tomography(XCT)augmented these findings by providing a 3D volumetric representation of the sample internal structure,revealing an inverse relationship between laser power and overall pore volume.Lower laser power appeared to favour the formation of interconnected pores,while a reduction in interconnected pores and an increase in isolated pores were observed at higher power.The interplay between melt pool size,vapour plume effects,and laser power was found to significantly influence the resulting porosity,indicating a need for effective management of these factors to optimise the SLM process of Mg alloys.展开更多
Magnesium materials have attracted the attention of many researchers,and the related research is expanding.This article summarizes the advance in the research and development of magnesium materials globally in 2023 fr...Magnesium materials have attracted the attention of many researchers,and the related research is expanding.This article summarizes the advance in the research and development of magnesium materials globally in 2023 from bibliometric and scientific perspectives.More than 4680 articles on Mg and its alloys were published and indexed in the Web of Science(WoS)Core Collection database last year.The bibliometric analyses show that the traditional structural Mg alloys,functional Mg materials,and corrosion and protection of Mg alloys are still the main research focus.Therefore,this review paper mainly focuses on the research progress of Mg cast alloys,Mg wrought alloys,bio-magnesium alloys,Mg-based energy storage materials,corrosion and protection of Mg alloys in 2023.In addition,future research directions are proposed based on the challenges and obstacles identified throughout this review.展开更多
In this work,anisotropic fatigue crack growth rate(FCGR)behaviour in a hot-rolled Mg-3wt%Al-0.5wt%Ce alloy was investigated using compact tension(CT)specimens with notch(an)parallel to the rolling direction(RD)and tra...In this work,anisotropic fatigue crack growth rate(FCGR)behaviour in a hot-rolled Mg-3wt%Al-0.5wt%Ce alloy was investigated using compact tension(CT)specimens with notch(an)parallel to the rolling direction(RD)and transverse direction(TD).The FCGR tests were conducted at a constant load ratio(R=0.1)and maximum stress intensity factor(KMax=15.6 MPam)to investigate the crack closure effect.For both constant R and KMax conditions:(i)the load-displacement curves for every loading cycle were linear for anto RD and TD,indicating no crack closure;(ii)the FCGR was found to be lower for anRD than anTD over the entire stress intensity factor range(△K).The hot-rolled sample contained long-aligned Al11Ce3 intermetallic phase within grain boundaries that are elongated along RD.During the FCGR test,{10.12}10.11extension twins(ET)with lamellae∼||⊥and c-axis∼||to these elongated intermetallics along RD developed irrespective of the notch orientation.During the loading cycle,these intermetallics along RD generate back-stresses,reducing the in-plane tensile stress∼||and∼⊥to crack-tip to∼0 for anto RD and TD,respectively.Hence,lenticular ET∼||⊥and∼||,with c-axis∼||and∼⊥to crack path activates,leading to trans and inter lamellar crack for anto RD and TD,respectively,and anisotropic FCGR.Translamellar crack in anRD reduces the FCGR due to plastic energy dissipation as perceived by comparatively more geometrically necessary boundaries(GNBs).On the other hand,faster FCGR was obtained for anTD due to interlamellar cracking.Thus,the crack growth through the matrix-ET interfaces was favoured due to strain incompatibility.The Fractography for anRD shows smaller elongated grooves along crack propagation,which indicates crack arrest.However,larger elongated grooves for an||TD indicated easy crack propagation due to favourable interlamellar crack.展开更多
Rechargeable magnesium batteries(RMBs),as a low-cost,high-safety and high-energy storage technology,have attracted tremendous attention in large-scale energy storage applications.However,the key anode/electrolyte inte...Rechargeable magnesium batteries(RMBs),as a low-cost,high-safety and high-energy storage technology,have attracted tremendous attention in large-scale energy storage applications.However,the key anode/electrolyte interfacial issues,including surface passivation,uneven Mg plating/stripping,and pulverization after cycling still result in a large overpotential,short cycling life,poor power density,and possible safety hazards of cells,severely impeding the commercial development of RMBs.In this review,a concise overview of recently advanced strategies to address these anode/electroyte interfacial issues is systematically classified and summarized.The design of magnesiophilic substrates,construction of artificial SEI layers,and modification of electrolyte are important and effective strategies to improve the uniformity/kinetics of Mg plating/stripping and achieve the stable anode/electrolyte interface.The key opportunities and challenges in this field are advisedly put forward,and the insights into future directions for stabilizing Mg metal anodes and the anode/electrolyte interface are highlighted.This review provides important references fordeveloping the high-performance and high-safety RMBs.展开更多
The effect of Sr on modification and refinement of the Mg 2 Si phase in an AZ61-0.7Si magnesium alloy has been investigated and analyzed.The results indicate that Sr can effectively modify and refine the Chinese-scrip...The effect of Sr on modification and refinement of the Mg 2 Si phase in an AZ61-0.7Si magnesium alloy has been investigated and analyzed.The results indicate that Sr can effectively modify and refine the Chinese-script shaped Mg2Si phase in the AZ61-0.7Si alloy.By adding 0.06wt.%-0.12wt.%Sr to AZ61-0.7Si alloy,the Mg2Si phase in the alloy can be changed from the initial coarse Chinese-script shape to fine granule and/or irregular polygonal shapes.Accordingly,the Sr-containing AZ61-0.7Si alloy exhibits higher tensile and creep properties than the AZ61-0.7Si alloy without Sr modification.The mechanism on modification and refinement of the Mg2Si phase in Sr-containing AZ61-0.7Si alloy is possibly related to the following two aspects:(1)adding Sr may form the Al4Sr phase which can serve as the heterogeneous nucleus for the Mg2Si particles and/or(2)adding Sr may lower the onset crystallizing temperature and increase the undercooling level.展开更多
The microstructure and rheological behavior of semi-solid Mg2Si/AM60 magnesium matrix composite at steady state were investigated.The results show that the primary α-Mg phases are knapped by mechanical stirring and t...The microstructure and rheological behavior of semi-solid Mg2Si/AM60 magnesium matrix composite at steady state were investigated.The results show that the primary α-Mg phases are knapped by mechanical stirring and the Chinese script type reinforced Mg2Si phases exist in liquid phase and grain boundary.The analysis of apparent viscosity indicates that the apparent viscosity of semi-solid Mg2Si/AM60 magnesium matrix composite at steady state increases with increasing the volume fraction of Mg2Si and solid fraction of primary α-Mg,but decreases with increasing the shearing rate and shearing time,and the apparent viscosity keeps stable when shearing time reaches 300 s.展开更多
The effects of little Ce addition on the as-cast microstructure and creep properties of Mg-3Sn-2Ca magnesium alloy were investigated.The results indicate that adding 0.5%(mass fraction)Ce to Mg-3Sn-2Ca alloy does not ...The effects of little Ce addition on the as-cast microstructure and creep properties of Mg-3Sn-2Ca magnesium alloy were investigated.The results indicate that adding 0.5%(mass fraction)Ce to Mg-3Sn-2Ca alloy does not cause the formation of any new phase in the alloy.However,an interesting microstructural change in the as-cast Mg-3Sn-2Ca alloy added with 0.5%Ce is observed. After adding 0.5%Ce to Mg-3Sn-2Ca alloy,not only the volume fraction of CaMgSn phase in the alloy is decreased but also the CaMgSn phases in the alloy are refined.In addition,adding 0.5%Ce to Mg-3Sn-2Ca alloy can also improve the creep-resistant properties of the alloy.After adding 0.5%Ce to Mg-3Sn-2Ca alloy,the second creep rate of the alloy at 150℃and 70 MPa for 100 h changes from 3.28×10-8to 1.81×10 -8s -1.展开更多
The microstructures and mechanical properties of as-cast Mg-5 Sn-1 Si magnesium alloy modified with trace elements Y,Bi,Sb and Sr were investigated and compared.Results show that the microstructure of the as-cast Mg-5...The microstructures and mechanical properties of as-cast Mg-5 Sn-1 Si magnesium alloy modified with trace elements Y,Bi,Sb and Sr were investigated and compared.Results show that the microstructure of the as-cast Mg-5 Sn-1 Si alloy consists ofα-Mg,Mg_(2) Si,Mg_(2) Sn and Mg_(2)(Si_xSn_(1-x))phases.After adding 0.8 wt.%Y,0.3 wt.%Bi,0.9 wt.%Sb and 0.9 wt.%Sr,respectively into the Mg-5 Sn-1 Si magnesium alloy,Mg_(24)Y_(5),Mg_(3) Bi_(2),Mg_(3) Sb_(2) and Mg_(2) Sr phases are precipitated accordingly.Trace elements can refineα-Mg grain and Chinese scriptshaped Mg_(2) Si phase.Refinement efficiency of different trace elements onα-Mg grain and Mg_(2) Si phase is varied.Sr element has the best refinement effect,followed by Sb and Bi,while Y has the least refinement effect.Mg-5 Sn-1 Si-0.9 Sr alloy has higher tensile properties than the other three modified alloys.The refinement mechanism of Y,Bi and Sr elements on Mg-5 Sn-1 Si magnesium alloy can be explained by the growth restriction factors and the solute undercooling.For Mg-5 Sn-1 Si-0.9 Sb alloy,the heterogeneous nuclei of Mg_(3) Sb_(2) phase is the main reason for the refinement of grains and second phases.展开更多
基金the project Ferr Mion of the Ministry of Education,Youth and Sports,Czech Republic,co-funded by the European Union(CZ.02.01.01/00/22_008/0004591)the support of The Charles University Grant Agency in the frame of the project No.121724 and the project Cooperatio No.207030 Dental Medicine/LF1 of the Charles University+4 种基金financial support from the Ministry of Education,Youth and Sport of the Czech Republic under the grant No.RVO 14000supported by the Ministry of Health of the Czech Republic-RVO project VFN64165the support of the project GAMA 2 of the Technology Agency of the Czech Republic No.TP01010055the project of the Czech Academy of Sciences,Czech Republic(Praemium Academiae grant No.AP2202)the support of the Ministry of Health of the Czech Republic,grant project No.NU20-08-00150。
文摘Magnesium is an excellent material in terms of biocompatibility and its corrosion products can serve as an active source for new bone formation.However,localized corrosion and H_(2)generation limit the potential of Mg-based implants.Utilizing low-alloyed Mg-Zn wires can strongly reduce problems with large H_(2)bubbles and improve the mechanical properties considerably while maintaining excellent long-term biocompatibility.Acidic pickling and a polymer coating can be effectively used to lower the rate of in vivo degradation.In this work,microstructural,mechanical,and in vitro characterization of 250μm and 300μm extruded wires made from ultra-pure Mg,commercially pure Mg,Mg-0.15Zn,Mg-0.4Zn and Mg-1Zn was performed.Additionally,Mg-0.4Zn wires together with a variant coated with a copolymer of L-lactide andε-caprolactone were tested in vivo on artificially damaged Wistar rat femurs.Based on the observed Mg-induced osteogenesis,polymer-coated Mg wires with a small addition of Zn are a perspective material for bone-support applications,such as cerclage and fixation wires.
基金supported by a grant from the Research Grants Council of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region(152131/18E).
文摘This study offers significant insights into the multi-physics phenomena of the SLM process and the subsequent porosity characteristics of ZK60 Magnesium(Mg)alloys.High-speed in-situ monitoring was employed to visualise process signals in real-time,elucidating the dynamics of melt pools and vapour plumes under varying laser power conditions specifically between 40 W and 60 W.Detailed morphological analysis was performed using Scanning-Electron Microscopy(SEM),demonstrating a critical correlation between laser power and pore formation.Lower laser power led to increased pore coverage,whereas a denser structure was observed at higher laser power.This laser power influence on porosity was further confirmed via Optical Microscopy(OM)conducted on both top and cross-sectional surfaces of the samples.An increase in laser power resulted in a decrease in pore coverage and pore size,potentially leading to a denser printed part of Mg alloy.X-ray Computed Tomography(XCT)augmented these findings by providing a 3D volumetric representation of the sample internal structure,revealing an inverse relationship between laser power and overall pore volume.Lower laser power appeared to favour the formation of interconnected pores,while a reduction in interconnected pores and an increase in isolated pores were observed at higher power.The interplay between melt pool size,vapour plume effects,and laser power was found to significantly influence the resulting porosity,indicating a need for effective management of these factors to optimise the SLM process of Mg alloys.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.52171104,52371093,52471117 and 52225101)the National Key Research and Development Program of China(No.2021YFB3701100).
文摘Magnesium materials have attracted the attention of many researchers,and the related research is expanding.This article summarizes the advance in the research and development of magnesium materials globally in 2023 from bibliometric and scientific perspectives.More than 4680 articles on Mg and its alloys were published and indexed in the Web of Science(WoS)Core Collection database last year.The bibliometric analyses show that the traditional structural Mg alloys,functional Mg materials,and corrosion and protection of Mg alloys are still the main research focus.Therefore,this review paper mainly focuses on the research progress of Mg cast alloys,Mg wrought alloys,bio-magnesium alloys,Mg-based energy storage materials,corrosion and protection of Mg alloys in 2023.In addition,future research directions are proposed based on the challenges and obstacles identified throughout this review.
基金support provided by the Science and Engineering Research Board(Ref.no.:ECR/2016/000125).
文摘In this work,anisotropic fatigue crack growth rate(FCGR)behaviour in a hot-rolled Mg-3wt%Al-0.5wt%Ce alloy was investigated using compact tension(CT)specimens with notch(an)parallel to the rolling direction(RD)and transverse direction(TD).The FCGR tests were conducted at a constant load ratio(R=0.1)and maximum stress intensity factor(KMax=15.6 MPam)to investigate the crack closure effect.For both constant R and KMax conditions:(i)the load-displacement curves for every loading cycle were linear for anto RD and TD,indicating no crack closure;(ii)the FCGR was found to be lower for anRD than anTD over the entire stress intensity factor range(△K).The hot-rolled sample contained long-aligned Al11Ce3 intermetallic phase within grain boundaries that are elongated along RD.During the FCGR test,{10.12}10.11extension twins(ET)with lamellae∼||⊥and c-axis∼||to these elongated intermetallics along RD developed irrespective of the notch orientation.During the loading cycle,these intermetallics along RD generate back-stresses,reducing the in-plane tensile stress∼||and∼⊥to crack-tip to∼0 for anto RD and TD,respectively.Hence,lenticular ET∼||⊥and∼||,with c-axis∼||and∼⊥to crack path activates,leading to trans and inter lamellar crack for anto RD and TD,respectively,and anisotropic FCGR.Translamellar crack in anRD reduces the FCGR due to plastic energy dissipation as perceived by comparatively more geometrically necessary boundaries(GNBs).On the other hand,faster FCGR was obtained for anTD due to interlamellar cracking.Thus,the crack growth through the matrix-ET interfaces was favoured due to strain incompatibility.The Fractography for anRD shows smaller elongated grooves along crack propagation,which indicates crack arrest.However,larger elongated grooves for an||TD indicated easy crack propagation due to favourable interlamellar crack.
基金supported by the National Key R&D Program of China(No.2023YFB3809500)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.U23A20555,52202211)+3 种基金the Ninth Young Elite Scientists Sponsorship Program by CAST(2023QNRC001)the Chongqing Technology Innovation and Application Development Project(No.CSTB2022TIAD-KPX0028)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(2023CDJXY-018)the Venture&Innovation Support Program for Chongqing Overseas Returnees(cx2022119,cx2023087).
文摘Rechargeable magnesium batteries(RMBs),as a low-cost,high-safety and high-energy storage technology,have attracted tremendous attention in large-scale energy storage applications.However,the key anode/electrolyte interfacial issues,including surface passivation,uneven Mg plating/stripping,and pulverization after cycling still result in a large overpotential,short cycling life,poor power density,and possible safety hazards of cells,severely impeding the commercial development of RMBs.In this review,a concise overview of recently advanced strategies to address these anode/electroyte interfacial issues is systematically classified and summarized.The design of magnesiophilic substrates,construction of artificial SEI layers,and modification of electrolyte are important and effective strategies to improve the uniformity/kinetics of Mg plating/stripping and achieve the stable anode/electrolyte interface.The key opportunities and challenges in this field are advisedly put forward,and the insights into future directions for stabilizing Mg metal anodes and the anode/electrolyte interface are highlighted.This review provides important references fordeveloping the high-performance and high-safety RMBs.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Funds for Distinguished Young Scholar in China(No.50725413)the Major State Basic Research Development Program of China(973)(No.2007CB613704)+1 种基金the Natural Science Foundation Project of CQ CSTC(No.2007BB4400)Chongqing Science and Technology Commission in China(No.2006AA4012-9-6).
文摘The effect of Sr on modification and refinement of the Mg 2 Si phase in an AZ61-0.7Si magnesium alloy has been investigated and analyzed.The results indicate that Sr can effectively modify and refine the Chinese-script shaped Mg2Si phase in the AZ61-0.7Si alloy.By adding 0.06wt.%-0.12wt.%Sr to AZ61-0.7Si alloy,the Mg2Si phase in the alloy can be changed from the initial coarse Chinese-script shape to fine granule and/or irregular polygonal shapes.Accordingly,the Sr-containing AZ61-0.7Si alloy exhibits higher tensile and creep properties than the AZ61-0.7Si alloy without Sr modification.The mechanism on modification and refinement of the Mg2Si phase in Sr-containing AZ61-0.7Si alloy is possibly related to the following two aspects:(1)adding Sr may form the Al4Sr phase which can serve as the heterogeneous nucleus for the Mg2Si particles and/or(2)adding Sr may lower the onset crystallizing temperature and increase the undercooling level.
基金Project(50765005) supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of Chinasupported by Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Conveyance and Equipment (East China Jiaotong University),China
文摘The microstructure and rheological behavior of semi-solid Mg2Si/AM60 magnesium matrix composite at steady state were investigated.The results show that the primary α-Mg phases are knapped by mechanical stirring and the Chinese script type reinforced Mg2Si phases exist in liquid phase and grain boundary.The analysis of apparent viscosity indicates that the apparent viscosity of semi-solid Mg2Si/AM60 magnesium matrix composite at steady state increases with increasing the volume fraction of Mg2Si and solid fraction of primary α-Mg,but decreases with increasing the shearing rate and shearing time,and the apparent viscosity keeps stable when shearing time reaches 300 s.
基金Project(50725413)supported by the National Natural Science Foundation for Distinguished Young Scholar in ChinaProject(2007CB613704)supported by the National Basic Research Program of ChinaProjects(2006AA4012-9-6 and 2007BB4400)supported by the Chongqing Science and Technology Commission of China
文摘The effects of little Ce addition on the as-cast microstructure and creep properties of Mg-3Sn-2Ca magnesium alloy were investigated.The results indicate that adding 0.5%(mass fraction)Ce to Mg-3Sn-2Ca alloy does not cause the formation of any new phase in the alloy.However,an interesting microstructural change in the as-cast Mg-3Sn-2Ca alloy added with 0.5%Ce is observed. After adding 0.5%Ce to Mg-3Sn-2Ca alloy,not only the volume fraction of CaMgSn phase in the alloy is decreased but also the CaMgSn phases in the alloy are refined.In addition,adding 0.5%Ce to Mg-3Sn-2Ca alloy can also improve the creep-resistant properties of the alloy.After adding 0.5%Ce to Mg-3Sn-2Ca alloy,the second creep rate of the alloy at 150℃and 70 MPa for 100 h changes from 3.28×10-8to 1.81×10 -8s -1.
基金the financial support by the Natioal Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.:51571086 and 51271073)the financial support from the Natural Science Foundation of Henan Polytechnic University(No.:B2010-20)。
文摘The microstructures and mechanical properties of as-cast Mg-5 Sn-1 Si magnesium alloy modified with trace elements Y,Bi,Sb and Sr were investigated and compared.Results show that the microstructure of the as-cast Mg-5 Sn-1 Si alloy consists ofα-Mg,Mg_(2) Si,Mg_(2) Sn and Mg_(2)(Si_xSn_(1-x))phases.After adding 0.8 wt.%Y,0.3 wt.%Bi,0.9 wt.%Sb and 0.9 wt.%Sr,respectively into the Mg-5 Sn-1 Si magnesium alloy,Mg_(24)Y_(5),Mg_(3) Bi_(2),Mg_(3) Sb_(2) and Mg_(2) Sr phases are precipitated accordingly.Trace elements can refineα-Mg grain and Chinese scriptshaped Mg_(2) Si phase.Refinement efficiency of different trace elements onα-Mg grain and Mg_(2) Si phase is varied.Sr element has the best refinement effect,followed by Sb and Bi,while Y has the least refinement effect.Mg-5 Sn-1 Si-0.9 Sr alloy has higher tensile properties than the other three modified alloys.The refinement mechanism of Y,Bi and Sr elements on Mg-5 Sn-1 Si magnesium alloy can be explained by the growth restriction factors and the solute undercooling.For Mg-5 Sn-1 Si-0.9 Sb alloy,the heterogeneous nuclei of Mg_(3) Sb_(2) phase is the main reason for the refinement of grains and second phases.
