Objective： To evaluate the inhibitory effect of heparanase antisense oligodeoxynucleotide （AS-ODN） on the angiogenesis and metastasis of human mammary carcinoma cell xenografts in nude mice. Methods： The AS-ODN co...Objective： To evaluate the inhibitory effect of heparanase antisense oligodeoxynucleotide （AS-ODN） on the angiogenesis and metastasis of human mammary carcinoma cell xenografts in nude mice. Methods： The AS-ODN complementary to the start codon region of heparanase mRNA and its control, scrambled nonsense oligodeoxynucleotide （NS-ODN） were designed and synthesized. A subcutaneous growth model and an acute hematogenous metastasis model of human mammary carcinoma were established in nude mice and were treated with ODNs. The heparanase expression in tumor was evaluated by RT-PCR and Western blot. The microvessel density （MVD） was measured by immunohistochemistry for factor VS. The tumor volume was calculated and lung metastatic nodules were counted. Results ： The heparanase expression, MVD, tumor volume and lung metastatic nodules in AS-ODN treated group were significantly decreased compared with that in NS-ODN treated group and that in PBS group （P〈0.01）. Conclusion ： Heparanase AS-ODN has significant inhibitory effect on the angiogenesis and metastasis of human mammary carcinoma cell xenografts in nude mice.展开更多
Alloimmunization was combined with lympho-kine activated killer (LAK) cells to assess its effect on mammary carcinoma in rats. The animals were injected with both irradiated allosplenocytes and syngeneic LAK cells. Me...Alloimmunization was combined with lympho-kine activated killer (LAK) cells to assess its effect on mammary carcinoma in rats. The animals were injected with both irradiated allosplenocytes and syngeneic LAK cells. Metastatic lung nodules were markedly reduced using combined therapy when compared with the transfer of LAK cells or alloimmuni-zation alone. IL-2 activity in the serum of alloim-munized rats could be detected. This activity, maintained in vivo for one week, may be responsible for enhancing the antitumor effect of transferred LAK cells.展开更多
The effect of treatment with Chinese medicine including Salvia miltiorrhizan and Astragalus, and the nonsteroid anti-inflammatory drug aspirin alone or combining radiotherapy, was investigated in 6-8 week-old TA2 mice...The effect of treatment with Chinese medicine including Salvia miltiorrhizan and Astragalus, and the nonsteroid anti-inflammatory drug aspirin alone or combining radiotherapy, was investigated in 6-8 week-old TA2 mice being inoculated mammary carcinoma. The date indicated the following conclusions: the tumor growth could be inhibited by aspirin alone (p<0.01) but Chinese medicine group was observed. Mice treated with radiotherapy together with medicine both Chinese medicine and aspirin, had a statistically significant tumor inhibiting (p<0.01) as compared to mice treated with radiotherapy alone. The function to prevent the normal tissues from radiation by these two medicine groups were observed simultaneously. In addition, blood-flow volume of microcirculation, immune function and lymphocyte micronucleus were examined, which were used to analyse potential mechanism of sensitizing enhancement for Chinese medicine and aspirin.展开更多
OBJECTIVE 1） To study the efficacy of GSPs on the migration of highly metastatic mammary carcinoma cells and 2） To investigate inhibition mechanisms.METHODS Cell migration was assessed using a 24-well transwell assa...OBJECTIVE 1） To study the efficacy of GSPs on the migration of highly metastatic mammary carcinoma cells and 2） To investigate inhibition mechanisms.METHODS Cell migration was assessed using a 24-well transwell assay. Cells with different concentrations of GSPs were suspended （5×105 cell/mL） in RPMI 1640 media in the upper chamber, and RPMI 1640 media with 10% FBS was supplemented in the lower chamber. Then, cells were allowed to migrate for 24 h.RESULTS GSPs inhibited the migration of 4T1 cells in a dosedependent manner. The migration of 4T1 cells was obviously inhibited by GSPs, even at a very low concentration （5 μg/mL）,and was totally inhibited when the concentration was 20 μg/mL.Also, 20 μg/mL of GSPs inhibited cell viability by only 11.4% and induced early apoptosis by only 5.6% compared with a percentage of 4.0% in control cells. GSPs suppressed the activation of PDK1,Akt and Erk1/2 in a dose-dependent manner.CONCLUSION GSPs significantly inhibit the migration of highly metastatic mammary carcinoma 4T1 cells in vitro. This inhibition is independent of decreased cell viability or apoptosis induction. The inhibition of migration by GSPs is involved in blocking the PI3k/Akt and MAPK pathways.展开更多
Objective: To evaluate the value of identifying and diagnosing mammary carcinoma and non-lactation mastitis lump (NLM) by multicolor Doppler ultrasonography. Methods: We compared and analyzed the examination results o...Objective: To evaluate the value of identifying and diagnosing mammary carcinoma and non-lactation mastitis lump (NLM) by multicolor Doppler ultrasonography. Methods: We compared and analyzed the examination results of 69 cases of mammary carcinoma proved by surgical pathology and 22 cases of NLM before surgery by multicolor Doppler ultra-sonography. Results: The detection rates of mammary carcinoma and NLM focus by ultrasonic examining were 100%. The shape, envelope, foul line, blood stream between sound and image of two diseases were similar. Of the two diseases, the representation with slight calcification in lump, lower echo in low echo, bloodstream distribution and resistance were different. Conclusion: By analyzing the sound and image representation of mammary lump, we find color Doppler ultrasonography has significant value in identifying and diagnosing mammary carcinoma and non-lactation mastitis lump.展开更多
Interleukin-12(IL-12) is a critical cytokine representing the link between the cellular and humoral branches of host immune defense apparatus.IL-12-induced cytotoxic lymphocyte(CTL) development is a central mechanism ...Interleukin-12(IL-12) is a critical cytokine representing the link between the cellular and humoral branches of host immune defense apparatus.IL-12-induced cytotoxic lymphocyte(CTL) development is a central mechanism in immune responses against intracellular infectious agents as well as malignant growth.However, the molecular basis of tumor-specific CTL responses mediated by IL-12 remains poorly defined.In this study, we addressed this issue in a comprehensive manner to probe into IL-12-induced anti-tumor responses by global gene expression profiling of mRNA expression in CD8^+ T cells in a transplantable syngeneic mouse mammary carcinoma model treated or not with recombinant IL-12.A strong tumor regression was induced by the IL-12 treatment.An introspection of differential gene expression at an early stage of the IL-12-initiated CTL activation reveals interesting genes and molecular pathways that may account for the marked tumor regression, and is likely to provide a rich source of potential targets for further research and development of effective therapeutic modalities.Cellular & Molecular Immunology.2004;1(5):357-366.展开更多
Induction of antitumor immunity by vaccination is one of the major current immunother- apy strategies. We present a mathematical model of the competition between immune cells and mammary carcinogenesis under the effec...Induction of antitumor immunity by vaccination is one of the major current immunother- apy strategies. We present a mathematical model of the competition between immune cells and mammary carcinogenesis under the effect of Triplex vaccine. The model describes both humoral and cell-mediated immune responses against cancer cells. The control of the cancer cells growth occurs through the application of the pulse vaccination. Here we determine the relationship between the strength of the vaccine and the time required to eradicate cancer cells, and we present some simulations to illustrate our theoretical results, namely, the total cancer cells depletion, which is influenced by competition occurs among the immune and cancer cells.展开更多
BACKGROUND Mammary analogue secretory carcinoma(MASC)is a rare low-grade malignant salivary gland tumor.The morphological and immunohistochemical features of MASC closely resemble those of breast secretory carcinoma.T...BACKGROUND Mammary analogue secretory carcinoma(MASC)is a rare low-grade malignant salivary gland tumor.The morphological and immunohistochemical features of MASC closely resemble those of breast secretory carcinoma.The key characteristics of the lesion are a lack of pain and slow growth.There is no obvious specificity in the clinical manifestations and imaging features.The diagnosis of the disease mainly depends on the detection of the MASC-specific ETV6-NTRK3 fusion gene.CASE SUMMARY This report describes a rare case of a 32-year-old male patient who presented with a gradually growing lesion that was initially diagnosed as breast-like secretory carcinoma of the right parotid gland.Imaging and histological investigations were used to overcome the diagnostic difficulties.The lesion was managed with right parotidectomy,facial nerve preservation,biological patch implantation to restore the resulting defect,and postoperative radiotherapy.On postoperative follow-up,the patient reported a mild facial deformity with no complications,signs of facial paralysis,or Frey’s syndrome.CONCLUSION The imaging and histological diagnostic challenges for MASC are discussed.展开更多
The purpose of this paper is to investigate the reversal effect of small interfering RNA （siRNA） targeting MDRI and MDR3 genes on the resistance of MCF-7/ADR cells to adriamycin. siRNA plasmid vector targeting MDRI ...The purpose of this paper is to investigate the reversal effect of small interfering RNA （siRNA） targeting MDRI and MDR3 genes on the resistance of MCF-7/ADR cells to adriamycin. siRNA plasmid vector targeting MDRI and MDR3 genes was transfected into MCF-7/ADR cells, and then was stained with Annexin-V FITC （fluorescein isothiocyanate conjugated） to detect the early stage cell apoptosis by flow cytometry （FCM）. 50 % inhibition concentration （IC50） of adriamycin for MCF-7/ADR cells was determined by MTT method. MDRI and MDR3 mRNA was assessed by RT-PCR. Treatment of MCF-7/ADR cells with the two kinds of siRNAs resulted in a reversal of adriamycin resistance of MDR to different extents. 1） The apoptosis efficiency of MDRI and MDR3 siRNA vector after transfection was （18.21 ± 1.65） % and （9.07±2.16） % respectively （P〈0.05）, and there was significant differences in the apoptosis efficiency between pSuppressor Neo vector and the MDRIsiRNA or MDR3 siRNA vector （P〈0.01）; 2） The reversal effect of MDRIsiRNAis higher than that of MDR3 siRNA （P〈0.05）; 3 ） The expression of MDRI and MDR3 mRNA can be restrained by pSuppressor Neo MDRI and MDR3 siRNA respectively, and the reduction in the mRNA level was in a time-dependent manner （P〈0.01）. MDRI and MDR3 gene silencing can enhance intracellular adriamycin accumulation in MCF-7/ADR cells, improve sensitivity of MCF-7/ADR cells to adriamycin, and induce cell apoptosis. The reversal effect of adriamycin resistance by siRNA of MDR1 was more effective than that of MDR3.展开更多
Secretory carcinoma（SC）, previously described as mammary analogue secretory carcinoma（MASC）, is a recently described salivary gland tumor which morphologically resembles mammary secretory carcinoma. The first desc...Secretory carcinoma（SC）, previously described as mammary analogue secretory carcinoma（MASC）, is a recently described salivary gland tumor which morphologically resembles mammary secretory carcinoma. The first description of SC/MASC, reported by Skálová et al. in 2010, was as a rare salivary carcinoma imitating secretory carcinoma of the breast. SC/MASC is a unique salivary gland tumor with morphological overlap with acinic cell carcinoma（Aci CC）, mucoepidermoid carcinoma（MEC）, and adenocarcinoma not otherwise specified（ADCNOS）. SC/MASC shares similar clinicopathological features with Aci CC. As a critical difference between SC/MASC and Aci CC, SC/MASC characteristically has the chromosomal translocation t（12;15）（p13;q25） which leads to a fusion gene between the ETV6 gene on chromosome 12 and the NTRK3 gene on chromosome 15. This genetic background is an important differential diagnostic finding for excluding other salivary gland tumors and may be a critical factor determining the prognosis for patients with SC/MASC. Research in recent years has provided a large body of new data on SC/MASC and suggests the possibility that the ETV6-NTRK3 translocation could be a therapeutic target. Here, we review the morphological and clinicopathological features of SC/MASC and discuss new directions for therapy.展开更多
文摘Objective： To evaluate the inhibitory effect of heparanase antisense oligodeoxynucleotide （AS-ODN） on the angiogenesis and metastasis of human mammary carcinoma cell xenografts in nude mice. Methods： The AS-ODN complementary to the start codon region of heparanase mRNA and its control, scrambled nonsense oligodeoxynucleotide （NS-ODN） were designed and synthesized. A subcutaneous growth model and an acute hematogenous metastasis model of human mammary carcinoma were established in nude mice and were treated with ODNs. The heparanase expression in tumor was evaluated by RT-PCR and Western blot. The microvessel density （MVD） was measured by immunohistochemistry for factor VS. The tumor volume was calculated and lung metastatic nodules were counted. Results ： The heparanase expression, MVD, tumor volume and lung metastatic nodules in AS-ODN treated group were significantly decreased compared with that in NS-ODN treated group and that in PBS group （P〈0.01）. Conclusion ： Heparanase AS-ODN has significant inhibitory effect on the angiogenesis and metastasis of human mammary carcinoma cell xenografts in nude mice.
文摘Alloimmunization was combined with lympho-kine activated killer (LAK) cells to assess its effect on mammary carcinoma in rats. The animals were injected with both irradiated allosplenocytes and syngeneic LAK cells. Metastatic lung nodules were markedly reduced using combined therapy when compared with the transfer of LAK cells or alloimmuni-zation alone. IL-2 activity in the serum of alloim-munized rats could be detected. This activity, maintained in vivo for one week, may be responsible for enhancing the antitumor effect of transferred LAK cells.
文摘The effect of treatment with Chinese medicine including Salvia miltiorrhizan and Astragalus, and the nonsteroid anti-inflammatory drug aspirin alone or combining radiotherapy, was investigated in 6-8 week-old TA2 mice being inoculated mammary carcinoma. The date indicated the following conclusions: the tumor growth could be inhibited by aspirin alone (p<0.01) but Chinese medicine group was observed. Mice treated with radiotherapy together with medicine both Chinese medicine and aspirin, had a statistically significant tumor inhibiting (p<0.01) as compared to mice treated with radiotherapy alone. The function to prevent the normal tissues from radiation by these two medicine groups were observed simultaneously. In addition, blood-flow volume of microcirculation, immune function and lymphocyte micronucleus were examined, which were used to analyse potential mechanism of sensitizing enhancement for Chinese medicine and aspirin.
文摘OBJECTIVE 1） To study the efficacy of GSPs on the migration of highly metastatic mammary carcinoma cells and 2） To investigate inhibition mechanisms.METHODS Cell migration was assessed using a 24-well transwell assay. Cells with different concentrations of GSPs were suspended （5×105 cell/mL） in RPMI 1640 media in the upper chamber, and RPMI 1640 media with 10% FBS was supplemented in the lower chamber. Then, cells were allowed to migrate for 24 h.RESULTS GSPs inhibited the migration of 4T1 cells in a dosedependent manner. The migration of 4T1 cells was obviously inhibited by GSPs, even at a very low concentration （5 μg/mL）,and was totally inhibited when the concentration was 20 μg/mL.Also, 20 μg/mL of GSPs inhibited cell viability by only 11.4% and induced early apoptosis by only 5.6% compared with a percentage of 4.0% in control cells. GSPs suppressed the activation of PDK1,Akt and Erk1/2 in a dose-dependent manner.CONCLUSION GSPs significantly inhibit the migration of highly metastatic mammary carcinoma 4T1 cells in vitro. This inhibition is independent of decreased cell viability or apoptosis induction. The inhibition of migration by GSPs is involved in blocking the PI3k/Akt and MAPK pathways.
文摘Objective: To evaluate the value of identifying and diagnosing mammary carcinoma and non-lactation mastitis lump (NLM) by multicolor Doppler ultrasonography. Methods: We compared and analyzed the examination results of 69 cases of mammary carcinoma proved by surgical pathology and 22 cases of NLM before surgery by multicolor Doppler ultra-sonography. Results: The detection rates of mammary carcinoma and NLM focus by ultrasonic examining were 100%. The shape, envelope, foul line, blood stream between sound and image of two diseases were similar. Of the two diseases, the representation with slight calcification in lump, lower echo in low echo, bloodstream distribution and resistance were different. Conclusion: By analyzing the sound and image representation of mammary lump, we find color Doppler ultrasonography has significant value in identifying and diagnosing mammary carcinoma and non-lactation mastitis lump.
文摘Interleukin-12(IL-12) is a critical cytokine representing the link between the cellular and humoral branches of host immune defense apparatus.IL-12-induced cytotoxic lymphocyte(CTL) development is a central mechanism in immune responses against intracellular infectious agents as well as malignant growth.However, the molecular basis of tumor-specific CTL responses mediated by IL-12 remains poorly defined.In this study, we addressed this issue in a comprehensive manner to probe into IL-12-induced anti-tumor responses by global gene expression profiling of mRNA expression in CD8^+ T cells in a transplantable syngeneic mouse mammary carcinoma model treated or not with recombinant IL-12.A strong tumor regression was induced by the IL-12 treatment.An introspection of differential gene expression at an early stage of the IL-12-initiated CTL activation reveals interesting genes and molecular pathways that may account for the marked tumor regression, and is likely to provide a rich source of potential targets for further research and development of effective therapeutic modalities.Cellular & Molecular Immunology.2004;1(5):357-366.
文摘Induction of antitumor immunity by vaccination is one of the major current immunother- apy strategies. We present a mathematical model of the competition between immune cells and mammary carcinogenesis under the effect of Triplex vaccine. The model describes both humoral and cell-mediated immune responses against cancer cells. The control of the cancer cells growth occurs through the application of the pulse vaccination. Here we determine the relationship between the strength of the vaccine and the time required to eradicate cancer cells, and we present some simulations to illustrate our theoretical results, namely, the total cancer cells depletion, which is influenced by competition occurs among the immune and cancer cells.
基金International Science and Technology Cooperation Project of Jilin Province Science and Technology Department,China,No.20200801077GHScience and Technology Project of Jilin Provincial Department of Finance,China,No.JCSZ2019378-8Jilin Provincial Development and Reform Commission Project,China,No.2019C051-5.
文摘BACKGROUND Mammary analogue secretory carcinoma(MASC)is a rare low-grade malignant salivary gland tumor.The morphological and immunohistochemical features of MASC closely resemble those of breast secretory carcinoma.The key characteristics of the lesion are a lack of pain and slow growth.There is no obvious specificity in the clinical manifestations and imaging features.The diagnosis of the disease mainly depends on the detection of the MASC-specific ETV6-NTRK3 fusion gene.CASE SUMMARY This report describes a rare case of a 32-year-old male patient who presented with a gradually growing lesion that was initially diagnosed as breast-like secretory carcinoma of the right parotid gland.Imaging and histological investigations were used to overcome the diagnostic difficulties.The lesion was managed with right parotidectomy,facial nerve preservation,biological patch implantation to restore the resulting defect,and postoperative radiotherapy.On postoperative follow-up,the patient reported a mild facial deformity with no complications,signs of facial paralysis,or Frey’s syndrome.CONCLUSION The imaging and histological diagnostic challenges for MASC are discussed.
文摘The purpose of this paper is to investigate the reversal effect of small interfering RNA （siRNA） targeting MDRI and MDR3 genes on the resistance of MCF-7/ADR cells to adriamycin. siRNA plasmid vector targeting MDRI and MDR3 genes was transfected into MCF-7/ADR cells, and then was stained with Annexin-V FITC （fluorescein isothiocyanate conjugated） to detect the early stage cell apoptosis by flow cytometry （FCM）. 50 % inhibition concentration （IC50） of adriamycin for MCF-7/ADR cells was determined by MTT method. MDRI and MDR3 mRNA was assessed by RT-PCR. Treatment of MCF-7/ADR cells with the two kinds of siRNAs resulted in a reversal of adriamycin resistance of MDR to different extents. 1） The apoptosis efficiency of MDRI and MDR3 siRNA vector after transfection was （18.21 ± 1.65） % and （9.07±2.16） % respectively （P〈0.05）, and there was significant differences in the apoptosis efficiency between pSuppressor Neo vector and the MDRIsiRNA or MDR3 siRNA vector （P〈0.01）; 2） The reversal effect of MDRIsiRNAis higher than that of MDR3 siRNA （P〈0.05）; 3 ） The expression of MDRI and MDR3 mRNA can be restrained by pSuppressor Neo MDRI and MDR3 siRNA respectively, and the reduction in the mRNA level was in a time-dependent manner （P〈0.01）. MDRI and MDR3 gene silencing can enhance intracellular adriamycin accumulation in MCF-7/ADR cells, improve sensitivity of MCF-7/ADR cells to adriamycin, and induce cell apoptosis. The reversal effect of adriamycin resistance by siRNA of MDR1 was more effective than that of MDR3.
文摘Secretory carcinoma（SC）, previously described as mammary analogue secretory carcinoma（MASC）, is a recently described salivary gland tumor which morphologically resembles mammary secretory carcinoma. The first description of SC/MASC, reported by Skálová et al. in 2010, was as a rare salivary carcinoma imitating secretory carcinoma of the breast. SC/MASC is a unique salivary gland tumor with morphological overlap with acinic cell carcinoma（Aci CC）, mucoepidermoid carcinoma（MEC）, and adenocarcinoma not otherwise specified（ADCNOS）. SC/MASC shares similar clinicopathological features with Aci CC. As a critical difference between SC/MASC and Aci CC, SC/MASC characteristically has the chromosomal translocation t（12;15）（p13;q25） which leads to a fusion gene between the ETV6 gene on chromosome 12 and the NTRK3 gene on chromosome 15. This genetic background is an important differential diagnostic finding for excluding other salivary gland tumors and may be a critical factor determining the prognosis for patients with SC/MASC. Research in recent years has provided a large body of new data on SC/MASC and suggests the possibility that the ETV6-NTRK3 translocation could be a therapeutic target. Here, we review the morphological and clinicopathological features of SC/MASC and discuss new directions for therapy.
