Unmet needs exist in metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease(MASLD)risk stratification.Our ability to identify patients with MASLD with advanced fibrosis and at higher risk for adverse outcomes is sti...Unmet needs exist in metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease(MASLD)risk stratification.Our ability to identify patients with MASLD with advanced fibrosis and at higher risk for adverse outcomes is still limited.Incorporating novel biomarkers could represent a meaningful improvement to current risk predictors.With this aim,omics technologies have revolutionized the process of MASLD biomarker discovery over the past decades.While the research in this field is thriving,much of the publication has been haphazard,often using single-omics data and specimen sets of convenience,with many identified candidate biomarkers but lacking clinical validation and utility.If we incorporate these biomarkers to direct patients’management,it should be considered that the roadmap for translating a newly discovered omics-based signature to an actual,analytically valid test useful in MASLD clinical practice is rigorous and,therefore,not easily accomplished.This article presents an overview of this area’s current state,the conceivable opportunities and challenges of omics-based laboratory diagnostics,and a roadmap for improving MASLD biomarker research.展开更多
Use of nanomaterials(NMs)to improve plant abiotic stress tolerance(AST)is a hot topic in NM-enabled agriculture.Previous studies mainly focused on the physiological and biochemical responses of plants treated with NMs...Use of nanomaterials(NMs)to improve plant abiotic stress tolerance(AST)is a hot topic in NM-enabled agriculture.Previous studies mainly focused on the physiological and biochemical responses of plants treated with NMs under abiotic stress.To use NMs for improving plant AST,it is necessary to understand how they act on this tolerance at the omics and epigenetics levels.In this review,we summarized the knowledge of NM-improved abiotic stress tolerance in relation to omics(such as metabolic,transcriptomic,proteomic,and microRNA),DNA methylation,and histone modifications.Overall,NMs can improve plant abiotic stress tolerance through the modulation at omics and epigenetics levels.展开更多
Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma(HNSCC)is one of the most frequent cancers worldwide.The main risk factors are consumption of tobacco products and alcohol,as well as infection with human papilloma virus.Approved ...Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma(HNSCC)is one of the most frequent cancers worldwide.The main risk factors are consumption of tobacco products and alcohol,as well as infection with human papilloma virus.Approved therapeutic options comprise surgery,radiation,chemotherapy,targeted therapy through epidermal growth factor receptor inhibition,and immunotherapy,but outcome has remained unsatisfactory due to recurrence rates of~50%and the frequent occurrence of second primaries.The availability of the human genome sequence at the beginning of the millennium heralded the omics era,in which rapid technological progress has advanced our knowledge of the molecular biology of malignant diseases,including HNSCC,at an unprecedented pace.Initially,microarray-based methods,followed by approaches based on next-generation sequencing,were applied to study the genetics,epigenetics,and gene expression patterns of bulk tumors.More recently,the advent of single-cell RNA sequencing(scRNAseq)and spatial transcriptomics methods has facilitated the investigation of the heterogeneity between and within different cell populations in the tumor microenvironment(e.g.,cancer cells,fibroblasts,immune cells,endothelial cells),led to the discovery of novel cell types,and advanced the discovery of cell-cell communication within tumors.This review provides an overview of scRNAseq,spatial transcriptomics,and the associated bioinformatics methods,and summarizes how their application has promoted our understanding of the emergence,composition,progression,and therapy responsiveness of,and intercellular signaling within,HNSCC.展开更多
As an irreplaceable dietary constituent,lipids play a vital important role in health,but their effects on aging process and longevity are still not well known yet.In this paper,the metabolic profiling and gene express...As an irreplaceable dietary constituent,lipids play a vital important role in health,but their effects on aging process and longevity are still not well known yet.In this paper,the metabolic profiling and gene expression levels of Caenorhabditis elegans were investigated to explore the effects of different edible oils on senescence and lifespan.The results showed that teaseed oil(TO)could prolong the life expectancy and slow down the aging process of C.elegans.Compared to the control group,the intake of lard oil(LO)and TO increased the expression levels of genes related to inhibition of protein aggregation(akt-1,daf-16,hsf-1,hsp-16.2)and lipid metabolism(daf-7,daf-1,mdt-15,lipl-4,fat-5,fat-6,fat-7),with a more significant alteration in TO group.Metabolomics revealed that palm oil can upregulated plenty of fatty acids(palmitic acid,stearic acid,tetracosanoic acid),together with some amino acids(tryptophan,L-aspartate,L-valine)and carbohydrate(D-glucose),while the trend was opposite in TO group.Besides,moderate-to-strong correlations were found between differential metabolites and changed genes.In general,this paper claimed that TO could prolong lifespan and slow down aging process via regulating the lipids,amino acids and carbohydrates metabolism.展开更多
Stem cell transplantation is a potential therapeutic strategy for ischemic stroke. However, despite many years of preclinical research, the application of stem cells is still limited to the clinical trial stage. Altho...Stem cell transplantation is a potential therapeutic strategy for ischemic stroke. However, despite many years of preclinical research, the application of stem cells is still limited to the clinical trial stage. Although stem cell therapy can be highly beneficial in promoting functional recovery, the precise mechanisms of action that are responsible for this effect have yet to be fully elucidated. Omics analysis provides us with a new perspective to investigate the physiological mechanisms and multiple functions of stem cells in ischemic stroke. Transcriptomic, proteomic, and metabolomic analyses have become important tools for discovering biomarkers and analyzing molecular changes under pathological conditions. Omics analysis could help us to identify new pathways mediated by stem cells for the treatment of ischemic stroke via stem cell therapy, thereby facilitating the translation of stem cell therapies into clinical use. In this review, we summarize the pathophysiology of ischemic stroke and discuss recent progress in the development of stem cell therapies for the treatment of ischemic stroke by applying multi-level omics. We also discuss changes in RNAs, proteins, and metabolites in the cerebral tissues and body fluids under stroke conditions and following stem cell treatment, and summarize the regulatory factors that play a key role in stem cell therapy. The exploration of stem cell therapy at the molecular level will facilitate the clinical application of stem cells and provide new treatment possibilities for the complete recovery of neurological function in patients with ischemic stroke.展开更多
This review comprehensively explores the core application of artificial intelligence (AI) in the fields of genomics and bioinformatics, and deeply analyzes how it leads the innovative progress of science. In the cutti...This review comprehensively explores the core application of artificial intelligence (AI) in the fields of genomics and bioinformatics, and deeply analyzes how it leads the innovative progress of science. In the cutting-edge fields of genomics and bioinformatics, the application of AI is propelling a deeper understanding of complex genetic mechanisms and the development of innovative therapeutic approaches. The precision of AI in genomic sequence analysis, coupled with breakthroughs in precise gene editing, such as AI-designed gene editors, significantly enhances our comprehension of gene functions and disease associations . Moreover, AI’s capabilities in disease prediction, assessing individual disease risks through genomic data analysis, provide robust support for personalized medicine. AI applications extend beyond gene identification, gene expression pattern prediction, and genomic structural variant analysis, encompassing key areas such as epigenetics, multi-omics data integration, genetic disease diagnosis, evolutionary genomics, and non-coding RNA function prediction. Despite challenges including data privacy, algorithm transparency, and bioethical issues, the future of AI is expected to continue revolutionizing genomics and bioinformatics, ushering in a new era of personalized medicine and precision treatments.展开更多
Approaches for the cultivation-independent analysis of microbial communities are summarized as meta’omics,which predominantly includes metagenomic,-transcriptomic,-proteomic and-metabolomic studies.These have shown t...Approaches for the cultivation-independent analysis of microbial communities are summarized as meta’omics,which predominantly includes metagenomic,-transcriptomic,-proteomic and-metabolomic studies.These have shown that endophytic,root-associated and soil fungal communities are strongly shaped by associated plant species.The impact of plant identity on the composition of its litterssociated fungal community remains to be disentangled from the impact of litter chemistry.The composition of the plant community also shapes the fungal community.Most strikingly,adjacent plant species may share mycorrhizal symbionts even if the plants usually have different types of mycorrhizal fungi associated with them(ectomycorrhizal,ericoid and arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi).Environmental parameters weakly explain fungal community composition globally,and their effect is inconsistent at local and regional scales.Decrease in similarity among communities with increasing distance(i.e.distance decay)has been reported from local to global scales.This pattern is only exceptionally caused by spatial dispersal limitation of fungal propagules,but mostly due to the inability of the fungi to establish at the particular locality(i.e.environmental filtering or competitive exclusion).Fungal communities usually undergo pronounced seasonal changes and also differ between consecutive years.This indicates that development of the communities is usually not solely cyclic.Meta’omic studies challenge the classical view of plant litter decomposition.They show that mycorrhizal and(previously)endophytic fungi may be involved in plant litter decomposition and only partly support the idea of a succession from an Ascomycota to a Basidiomycota-dominated community.Furthermore,vertical separation of saprotrophic and mycorrhizal species in soil and sequential degradation from easily accessible to‘recalcitrant’plant compounds,such as lignin,can probably not be generalized.The current models of litter decomposition may therefore have to be eventually refined for certain ecosystems and environmental conditions.To gain deeper insights into fungal ecology,a meta’omic study design is outlined which focuses on environmental processes,because fungal communities are usually taxonomically diverse,but functionally redundant.This approach would initially identify dynamics of chemical shifts in the host and/or substrate by metametabolomics.Detected shifts would be subsequently linked to microbial activity by correlation with metatranscriptomic and/or metaproteomic data.A holistic trait-based approach might finally identify factors shaping taxonomic composition in communities against the dynamics of the environmental process(es)they are involved in.展开更多
目的采用网状Meta分析系统评价不同镇痛方法用于髋部或股骨干骨折患者椎管内麻醉摆放体位时的镇痛效果。方法计算机检索PubMed、Cochrane Library、Web of Science、EMbase、中国生物医学文献数据库(CBM)、中国知网、维普、万方,检索时...目的采用网状Meta分析系统评价不同镇痛方法用于髋部或股骨干骨折患者椎管内麻醉摆放体位时的镇痛效果。方法计算机检索PubMed、Cochrane Library、Web of Science、EMbase、中国生物医学文献数据库(CBM)、中国知网、维普、万方,检索时间为建库至2022年8月,纳入髋部或股骨干骨折患者摆放体位和椎管内麻醉时实施镇痛的随机对照研究。由两名研究员独立进行文献筛选、资料提取和偏倚风险评价,采用Stata 17.0和RevMan 5.3软件进行统计分析。结果共纳入28篇文献,患者1773例。累计排序概率曲线下面积(SUCRA)显示,降低摆放体位时VAS疼痛评分PENG阻滞(94.4%)效果最佳,其次是FIB联合IVA(83.8%)和FIB(71.1%);降低椎管内麻醉时VAS疼痛评分PENG阻滞(98.2%)效果最佳,其次是FIB(71.1%)和FNB(55.6%);缩短椎管内麻醉操作时间PENG阻滞(84.1%)效果最佳,其次是FNB(70.7%)和FIB(68.5%);升高体位摆放质量评分PENG阻滞(99.1%)效果最佳,其次是FIB(73.1%)和FNB(52.9%)。结论神经阻滞或神经阻滞联合IVA可降低髋部或股骨干骨折患者体位摆放和椎管内麻醉时VAS疼痛评分、缩短麻醉操作时间和升高体位摆放质量评分。PENG阻滞对髋部或股骨干骨折患者摆放体位和椎管内麻醉时实施镇痛的效果最佳。展开更多
研究旨在探讨丁酸甘油酯对断奶仔猪生长性能和腹泻率的影响,运用Meta分析方法进行系统评价。经检索万方、中国知网、维普、Pub Med和Web of Science数据库,搜索丁酸甘油酯对断奶仔猪生长性能影响的文献,按照纳入和排除标准筛选文献、提...研究旨在探讨丁酸甘油酯对断奶仔猪生长性能和腹泻率的影响,运用Meta分析方法进行系统评价。经检索万方、中国知网、维普、Pub Med和Web of Science数据库,搜索丁酸甘油酯对断奶仔猪生长性能影响的文献,按照纳入和排除标准筛选文献、提取资料,用Review Manager 5.4软件进行Meta分析。共纳入12个研究,样本838例。结果显示:丁酸甘油酯组的平均日增重显著高于空白组(P<0.0001,SMD=1.58,95%CI:0.80~2.36),平均日采食量与空白组差异不显著(P=0.30,SMD=-0.44,95%CI:-1.28~0.40),料重比显著低于空白组(P=0.0002,SMD=-0.85,95%CI:-1.29~-0.40),腹泻率显著低于空白组(P=0.0003,SMD=-2.78,95%CI:-4.27~-1.28)。说明饲料中添加丁酸甘油酯可显著提高断奶仔猪的平均日增重,降低料重比和腹泻率,建议丁酸甘油酯添加量为1%~2%。展开更多
目的:通过Meta分析系统评价自体骨移植和骨替代物治疗胫骨平台骨折的临床疗效。方法:计算机检索2005年1月至2022年8月PubMed、Web of Science、中国知网、万方等数据库已发表的关于自体骨移植和骨替代物治疗胫骨平台骨折的病例对照研究...目的:通过Meta分析系统评价自体骨移植和骨替代物治疗胫骨平台骨折的临床疗效。方法:计算机检索2005年1月至2022年8月PubMed、Web of Science、中国知网、万方等数据库已发表的关于自体骨移植和骨替代物治疗胫骨平台骨折的病例对照研究文献。根据纳排标准进行文献筛选及数据提取,对入选的随机对照研究(randomized controlled trial,RCT)采用Cochrane手册中的干预性Meta分析标准进行质量评价。采用RevMan 5.3软件对两种方法的关节凹陷、关节面二次塌陷率、失血量、手术时间和感染率进行Meta分析。结果:共纳入7项RCT研究,424例患者,其中骨替代物组296例,自体骨移植组128例。两组手术时间[MD=-16.79,95%CI(-25.72,-7.85),P=0.0002],出血量[MD=-70.49,95%CI(-79.34,-61.65),P<0.00001]比较,差异有统计学意义。而关节凹陷[MD=-0.17,95%CI(-0.91,0.58),P=0.66],关节面二次塌陷率[RR=-0.74,95%CI(0.35,1.57),P=0.43],感染率[RR=1.21,95%CI(0.31,4.70),P=0.78]比较,差异无统计学意义。结论:骨替代物与自体骨移植治疗胫骨平台骨折在关节凹陷、关节面二次塌陷率和感染率方面疗效相近。但骨替代物较自体骨移植,能减少失血量,缩短手术时间。展开更多
目的通过Meta分析确定中国老年慢性病共病的患病率和危险因素,为制定适合我国实际情况的老年人慢性病共病健康管理策略和社区干预方案提供科学依据。方法系统检索PubMed、Embase、Web of Science、Cochrane、中国期刊全文数据库(CNKI)...目的通过Meta分析确定中国老年慢性病共病的患病率和危险因素,为制定适合我国实际情况的老年人慢性病共病健康管理策略和社区干预方案提供科学依据。方法系统检索PubMed、Embase、Web of Science、Cochrane、中国期刊全文数据库(CNKI)、中国科技期刊全文数据库(VIP)、万方数据库以及中国生物医药文献数据库(CBM)等关于中国老年慢性病共病的患病率和危险因素的观察性研究。两名具有循证护理学习经验的研究者通过三轮筛选、文献评价、数据提取,采用Stata20.0软件对中国老年慢性病共病的患病率和危险因素依次进行Meta合并、敏感性分析和发表偏倚分析。结果中英文数据初检出相关文献2727篇,最终纳入14篇文献,总样本量54982例,提取影响因素14个。Meta分析结果显示,中国老年人慢性病共病患病率为44.9%,95%CI:34.1%~55.7%。中国老年人慢性病共病危险因素包括:年龄(≥70岁)、性别(女)、慢性病家族史、婚姻状况(单身、丧偶、离异)、BMI(≥24 kg/m^(2))、吸烟、饮酒,OR值和95%CI分别是1.40(1.28~1.53)、1.22(1.10~1.34)、2.15(1.87~2.46)、1.40(1.17~1.68)、1.59(1.03~2.43)、1.18(1.08~1.30)、1.20(1.02~1.42)。结论中国老年慢性病共病的患病率较高,其中年龄(≥70岁)、性别(女)、慢性病家族史、婚姻状况(单身、丧偶、离异)、BMI(≥24 kg/m^(2))、吸烟、饮酒是中国老年慢性病共病的危险因素。针对可改变的危险因素,未来应积极改善老年人不健康的生活方式,开展综合性的干预措施。展开更多
目的系统评价坤宝丸治疗更年期综合征的有效性和安全性。方法采用计算机检索PubMed,EMbase,The Cochrane Library,Web of Science及中国知网(CNKI)、万方(WanFang)、维普(VIP)数据库自建库起至2022年12月的相关文献。由2位评价员独立筛...目的系统评价坤宝丸治疗更年期综合征的有效性和安全性。方法采用计算机检索PubMed,EMbase,The Cochrane Library,Web of Science及中国知网(CNKI)、万方(WanFang)、维普(VIP)数据库自建库起至2022年12月的相关文献。由2位评价员独立筛选文献、提取资料并评价纳入研究的偏倚风险,采用RevMan 5.3软件对纳入研究进行Meta分析。结果共纳入13项研究,涉及1590例更年期综合征患者,其中观察组803例,对照组787例。按对照组的用药种类进行亚组分析,坤宝丸单用组的临床疗效显著高于氟桂利嗪+谷维素+维生素B1组[RR=1.75,95%CI(1.38,2.22),P<0.00001],坤宝丸联用组临床疗效显著高于戊酸雌二醇+甲羟孕酮组[RR=1.18,95%CI(1.03,1.34),P=0.01]和刺五加组[RR=1.20,95%CI(1.08,1.33),P=0.0007];坤宝丸单用组对更年期临床症状调查表(Kupperman)评分显著低于替勃龙组[MD=-6.00,95%CI(-7.72,-4.28),P<0.00001];坤宝丸联用组卵泡刺激素(FSH)显著低于刺五加组[MD=-25.70,95%CI(-33.22,-18.18),P<0.00001];坤宝丸联用组促黄体素(LH)显著低于刺五加组[MD=-11.20,95%CI(-12.05,-10.35),P<0.00001];坤宝丸单用组雌二醇(E2)显著高于替勃龙组[MD=-7.00,95%CI(-11.44,-2.56),P=0.002]。药品不良反应主要为腹胀、便秘、头晕、阴道出血、体质量增加等,患者均能耐受。结论坤宝丸对更年期综合征患者的临床疗效、Kupperman评分、激素指标等的改善效果与激素类药物相当,甚至更优。但由于纳入研究的质量不高,尚需更严格、高质量的临床研究进一步证实。展开更多
目的系统评价芪胶升白胶囊防治恶性肿瘤放射治疗和化学治疗(简称放化疗)后骨髓抑制的临床疗效,为临床用药提供参考。方法采用计算机检索中国知网(CNKI)、万方(WanFang)、维普(VIP)、中国生物医学文献服务系统(SinoMed)、PubMed、Web of ...目的系统评价芪胶升白胶囊防治恶性肿瘤放射治疗和化学治疗(简称放化疗)后骨髓抑制的临床疗效,为临床用药提供参考。方法采用计算机检索中国知网(CNKI)、万方(WanFang)、维普(VIP)、中国生物医学文献服务系统(SinoMed)、PubMed、Web of Science、The Cochrane Library等数据库中关于芪胶升白胶囊防治恶性肿瘤放化疗后骨髓抑制的随机对照试验(RCT),检索时限为自建库起至2023年4月22日。采用改良的Jadad量表对纳入文献进行质量评价,采用RevMan 5.4软件进行Meta分析。结果共纳入25项RCT,涉及患者2754例,其中试验组1466例,对照组1288例。Meta分析结果显示,予芪胶升白胶囊的试验组患者的总体骨髓抑制率[OR=0.27,95%CI(0.21,0.35),P<0.00001],Ⅲ-Ⅳ级骨髓抑制率[OR=0.23,95%CI(0.16,0.34),P<0.00001],白细胞[MD=1.18,95%CI(0.98,1.38),P<0.00001],血小板[MD=14.06,95%CI(12.95,15.16),P<0.00001],血红蛋白[MD=0.98,95%CI(0.87,1.09),P<0.00001],卡氏评分体系(KPS)评分改善率[OR=2.65,95%CI(1.90,3.70),P<0.00001],KPS评分[MD=6.13,95%CI(4.48,7.79),P<0.00001]的改善效果均显著优于对照组。结论芪胶升白胶囊可有效降低恶性肿瘤患者放化疗后的总体骨髓抑制率、Ⅲ-Ⅳ级骨髓抑制率,升高KPS评分、白细胞、血红蛋白、血小板,改善骨髓抑制情况。展开更多
目的系统评价使用双膦酸盐药物(bisphosphonates,BPs)患者种植体早期失败率及种植术后药物相关性颌骨坏死(medication-related osteonecrosis of the jaw,MRONJ)发生率,为临床评估相关风险提供依据。方法计算机检索Cochrane Library、Wi...目的系统评价使用双膦酸盐药物(bisphosphonates,BPs)患者种植体早期失败率及种植术后药物相关性颌骨坏死(medication-related osteonecrosis of the jaw,MRONJ)发生率,为临床评估相关风险提供依据。方法计算机检索Cochrane Library、Wiley Online Library、PubMed、中国知网、万方数据知识服务平台,收集纳入各数据库建库至2022年5月发表的关于使用BPs患者种植体早期失败或种植术后发生MRONJ的临床研究。采用Stata 15.0软件对种植体早期失败率进行单组率Meta分析。结果共纳入13篇文献,其中口服BPs患者植入1182颗种植体,静脉注射BPs患者植入79颗,共计1261颗种植体。口服BPs患者合并种植体早期失败率为1.7%(95%CI:0.3%~3.9%),MRONJ发生率为0。静脉注射BPs患者种植体早期失败率为0,MRONJ发生率为5.6%。结论口服BPs患者种植体早期失败率及术后MRONJ发生率低,与健康人群基本相当。静脉使用BPs患者种植术后发生MRONJ风险较高,临床适应证选择应慎重。展开更多
目的系统评价老年抑郁与轻度认知障碍的相关性。方法计算机检索CNKI、VIP、WanFang Data,Cochrane Library,EMbase,Pubmed和Web of Science数据库,搜集有关老年抑郁与轻度认知障碍相关性的队列研究,检索时限均从建库至2023年7月6日。由...目的系统评价老年抑郁与轻度认知障碍的相关性。方法计算机检索CNKI、VIP、WanFang Data,Cochrane Library,EMbase,Pubmed和Web of Science数据库,搜集有关老年抑郁与轻度认知障碍相关性的队列研究,检索时限均从建库至2023年7月6日。由2名研究者独立完成筛选文献、数据提取及质量评价后,采用Review Manager5.4软件进行Meta分析。结果最终共纳入10篇文献,总样本量为26813人。Meta分析结果显示:老年抑郁与轻度认知障碍具有相关性(OR=1.47,95%CI:1.25~1.72,P<0.001)。结论老年抑郁是轻度认知障碍的发病危险因素之一。上述结论受研究类型、质量及数量的限制,仍待更多高质量研究进行验证。展开更多
基金Supported by PIP-CONICET 2021-2023 grant,No.11220200100875COPICT-2020-Serie,No.A-00788and“Florencio Fiorini Foundation”grants.
文摘Unmet needs exist in metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease(MASLD)risk stratification.Our ability to identify patients with MASLD with advanced fibrosis and at higher risk for adverse outcomes is still limited.Incorporating novel biomarkers could represent a meaningful improvement to current risk predictors.With this aim,omics technologies have revolutionized the process of MASLD biomarker discovery over the past decades.While the research in this field is thriving,much of the publication has been haphazard,often using single-omics data and specimen sets of convenience,with many identified candidate biomarkers but lacking clinical validation and utility.If we incorporate these biomarkers to direct patients’management,it should be considered that the roadmap for translating a newly discovered omics-based signature to an actual,analytically valid test useful in MASLD clinical practice is rigorous and,therefore,not easily accomplished.This article presents an overview of this area’s current state,the conceivable opportunities and challenges of omics-based laboratory diagnostics,and a roadmap for improving MASLD biomarker research.
基金supported by National Key Research and Development Program of China (2022YFD2300205)the National Natural Science Foundation of China (32071971,32001463)+4 种基金the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation (2022M711278)the Key Research and Development Projects of Henan Province (231111113000)Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities (2662023ZKPY002)the HZAU-AGIS Cooperation Fund (SZYJY2021008)the Hubei Agricultural Science and Technology Innovation Center Program (2021-620-000-001-032)。
文摘Use of nanomaterials(NMs)to improve plant abiotic stress tolerance(AST)is a hot topic in NM-enabled agriculture.Previous studies mainly focused on the physiological and biochemical responses of plants treated with NMs under abiotic stress.To use NMs for improving plant AST,it is necessary to understand how they act on this tolerance at the omics and epigenetics levels.In this review,we summarized the knowledge of NM-improved abiotic stress tolerance in relation to omics(such as metabolic,transcriptomic,proteomic,and microRNA),DNA methylation,and histone modifications.Overall,NMs can improve plant abiotic stress tolerance through the modulation at omics and epigenetics levels.
文摘Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma(HNSCC)is one of the most frequent cancers worldwide.The main risk factors are consumption of tobacco products and alcohol,as well as infection with human papilloma virus.Approved therapeutic options comprise surgery,radiation,chemotherapy,targeted therapy through epidermal growth factor receptor inhibition,and immunotherapy,but outcome has remained unsatisfactory due to recurrence rates of~50%and the frequent occurrence of second primaries.The availability of the human genome sequence at the beginning of the millennium heralded the omics era,in which rapid technological progress has advanced our knowledge of the molecular biology of malignant diseases,including HNSCC,at an unprecedented pace.Initially,microarray-based methods,followed by approaches based on next-generation sequencing,were applied to study the genetics,epigenetics,and gene expression patterns of bulk tumors.More recently,the advent of single-cell RNA sequencing(scRNAseq)and spatial transcriptomics methods has facilitated the investigation of the heterogeneity between and within different cell populations in the tumor microenvironment(e.g.,cancer cells,fibroblasts,immune cells,endothelial cells),led to the discovery of novel cell types,and advanced the discovery of cell-cell communication within tumors.This review provides an overview of scRNAseq,spatial transcriptomics,and the associated bioinformatics methods,and summarizes how their application has promoted our understanding of the emergence,composition,progression,and therapy responsiveness of,and intercellular signaling within,HNSCC.
基金supported by National Key R&D Program of China(2019YFC1606205)Natural Science Foundation of China(32172136)Jiangsu distinguished professor project and Talent plan of Taihu Lake.
文摘As an irreplaceable dietary constituent,lipids play a vital important role in health,but their effects on aging process and longevity are still not well known yet.In this paper,the metabolic profiling and gene expression levels of Caenorhabditis elegans were investigated to explore the effects of different edible oils on senescence and lifespan.The results showed that teaseed oil(TO)could prolong the life expectancy and slow down the aging process of C.elegans.Compared to the control group,the intake of lard oil(LO)and TO increased the expression levels of genes related to inhibition of protein aggregation(akt-1,daf-16,hsf-1,hsp-16.2)and lipid metabolism(daf-7,daf-1,mdt-15,lipl-4,fat-5,fat-6,fat-7),with a more significant alteration in TO group.Metabolomics revealed that palm oil can upregulated plenty of fatty acids(palmitic acid,stearic acid,tetracosanoic acid),together with some amino acids(tryptophan,L-aspartate,L-valine)and carbohydrate(D-glucose),while the trend was opposite in TO group.Besides,moderate-to-strong correlations were found between differential metabolites and changed genes.In general,this paper claimed that TO could prolong lifespan and slow down aging process via regulating the lipids,amino acids and carbohydrates metabolism.
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China,No.2018YFA0108602the CAMS Initiative for Innovative Medicine,No.2021-1-I2M-019the National High Level Hospital Clinical Research Funding,No.2022-PUMCH-C-042(all to XB).
文摘Stem cell transplantation is a potential therapeutic strategy for ischemic stroke. However, despite many years of preclinical research, the application of stem cells is still limited to the clinical trial stage. Although stem cell therapy can be highly beneficial in promoting functional recovery, the precise mechanisms of action that are responsible for this effect have yet to be fully elucidated. Omics analysis provides us with a new perspective to investigate the physiological mechanisms and multiple functions of stem cells in ischemic stroke. Transcriptomic, proteomic, and metabolomic analyses have become important tools for discovering biomarkers and analyzing molecular changes under pathological conditions. Omics analysis could help us to identify new pathways mediated by stem cells for the treatment of ischemic stroke via stem cell therapy, thereby facilitating the translation of stem cell therapies into clinical use. In this review, we summarize the pathophysiology of ischemic stroke and discuss recent progress in the development of stem cell therapies for the treatment of ischemic stroke by applying multi-level omics. We also discuss changes in RNAs, proteins, and metabolites in the cerebral tissues and body fluids under stroke conditions and following stem cell treatment, and summarize the regulatory factors that play a key role in stem cell therapy. The exploration of stem cell therapy at the molecular level will facilitate the clinical application of stem cells and provide new treatment possibilities for the complete recovery of neurological function in patients with ischemic stroke.
文摘This review comprehensively explores the core application of artificial intelligence (AI) in the fields of genomics and bioinformatics, and deeply analyzes how it leads the innovative progress of science. In the cutting-edge fields of genomics and bioinformatics, the application of AI is propelling a deeper understanding of complex genetic mechanisms and the development of innovative therapeutic approaches. The precision of AI in genomic sequence analysis, coupled with breakthroughs in precise gene editing, such as AI-designed gene editors, significantly enhances our comprehension of gene functions and disease associations . Moreover, AI’s capabilities in disease prediction, assessing individual disease risks through genomic data analysis, provide robust support for personalized medicine. AI applications extend beyond gene identification, gene expression pattern prediction, and genomic structural variant analysis, encompassing key areas such as epigenetics, multi-omics data integration, genetic disease diagnosis, evolutionary genomics, and non-coding RNA function prediction. Despite challenges including data privacy, algorithm transparency, and bioethical issues, the future of AI is expected to continue revolutionizing genomics and bioinformatics, ushering in a new era of personalized medicine and precision treatments.
基金funded by the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft(DFG,project PE 1673/4-1).
文摘Approaches for the cultivation-independent analysis of microbial communities are summarized as meta’omics,which predominantly includes metagenomic,-transcriptomic,-proteomic and-metabolomic studies.These have shown that endophytic,root-associated and soil fungal communities are strongly shaped by associated plant species.The impact of plant identity on the composition of its litterssociated fungal community remains to be disentangled from the impact of litter chemistry.The composition of the plant community also shapes the fungal community.Most strikingly,adjacent plant species may share mycorrhizal symbionts even if the plants usually have different types of mycorrhizal fungi associated with them(ectomycorrhizal,ericoid and arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi).Environmental parameters weakly explain fungal community composition globally,and their effect is inconsistent at local and regional scales.Decrease in similarity among communities with increasing distance(i.e.distance decay)has been reported from local to global scales.This pattern is only exceptionally caused by spatial dispersal limitation of fungal propagules,but mostly due to the inability of the fungi to establish at the particular locality(i.e.environmental filtering or competitive exclusion).Fungal communities usually undergo pronounced seasonal changes and also differ between consecutive years.This indicates that development of the communities is usually not solely cyclic.Meta’omic studies challenge the classical view of plant litter decomposition.They show that mycorrhizal and(previously)endophytic fungi may be involved in plant litter decomposition and only partly support the idea of a succession from an Ascomycota to a Basidiomycota-dominated community.Furthermore,vertical separation of saprotrophic and mycorrhizal species in soil and sequential degradation from easily accessible to‘recalcitrant’plant compounds,such as lignin,can probably not be generalized.The current models of litter decomposition may therefore have to be eventually refined for certain ecosystems and environmental conditions.To gain deeper insights into fungal ecology,a meta’omic study design is outlined which focuses on environmental processes,because fungal communities are usually taxonomically diverse,but functionally redundant.This approach would initially identify dynamics of chemical shifts in the host and/or substrate by metametabolomics.Detected shifts would be subsequently linked to microbial activity by correlation with metatranscriptomic and/or metaproteomic data.A holistic trait-based approach might finally identify factors shaping taxonomic composition in communities against the dynamics of the environmental process(es)they are involved in.
文摘目的通过Meta分析确定中国老年慢性病共病的患病率和危险因素,为制定适合我国实际情况的老年人慢性病共病健康管理策略和社区干预方案提供科学依据。方法系统检索PubMed、Embase、Web of Science、Cochrane、中国期刊全文数据库(CNKI)、中国科技期刊全文数据库(VIP)、万方数据库以及中国生物医药文献数据库(CBM)等关于中国老年慢性病共病的患病率和危险因素的观察性研究。两名具有循证护理学习经验的研究者通过三轮筛选、文献评价、数据提取,采用Stata20.0软件对中国老年慢性病共病的患病率和危险因素依次进行Meta合并、敏感性分析和发表偏倚分析。结果中英文数据初检出相关文献2727篇,最终纳入14篇文献,总样本量54982例,提取影响因素14个。Meta分析结果显示,中国老年人慢性病共病患病率为44.9%,95%CI:34.1%~55.7%。中国老年人慢性病共病危险因素包括:年龄(≥70岁)、性别(女)、慢性病家族史、婚姻状况(单身、丧偶、离异)、BMI(≥24 kg/m^(2))、吸烟、饮酒,OR值和95%CI分别是1.40(1.28~1.53)、1.22(1.10~1.34)、2.15(1.87~2.46)、1.40(1.17~1.68)、1.59(1.03~2.43)、1.18(1.08~1.30)、1.20(1.02~1.42)。结论中国老年慢性病共病的患病率较高,其中年龄(≥70岁)、性别(女)、慢性病家族史、婚姻状况(单身、丧偶、离异)、BMI(≥24 kg/m^(2))、吸烟、饮酒是中国老年慢性病共病的危险因素。针对可改变的危险因素,未来应积极改善老年人不健康的生活方式,开展综合性的干预措施。
文摘目的系统评价使用双膦酸盐药物(bisphosphonates,BPs)患者种植体早期失败率及种植术后药物相关性颌骨坏死(medication-related osteonecrosis of the jaw,MRONJ)发生率,为临床评估相关风险提供依据。方法计算机检索Cochrane Library、Wiley Online Library、PubMed、中国知网、万方数据知识服务平台,收集纳入各数据库建库至2022年5月发表的关于使用BPs患者种植体早期失败或种植术后发生MRONJ的临床研究。采用Stata 15.0软件对种植体早期失败率进行单组率Meta分析。结果共纳入13篇文献,其中口服BPs患者植入1182颗种植体,静脉注射BPs患者植入79颗,共计1261颗种植体。口服BPs患者合并种植体早期失败率为1.7%(95%CI:0.3%~3.9%),MRONJ发生率为0。静脉注射BPs患者种植体早期失败率为0,MRONJ发生率为5.6%。结论口服BPs患者种植体早期失败率及术后MRONJ发生率低,与健康人群基本相当。静脉使用BPs患者种植术后发生MRONJ风险较高,临床适应证选择应慎重。
