Forward modeling is the basis of inversion imaging and quantitative interpretation for DC resistivity exploration.Currently,a numerical model of the DC resistivity method must be finely divided to obtain a highly accu...Forward modeling is the basis of inversion imaging and quantitative interpretation for DC resistivity exploration.Currently,a numerical model of the DC resistivity method must be finely divided to obtain a highly accurate solution under complex conditions,resulting in a long calculation time and large storage.Therefore,we propose a 3D numerical simulation method in a mixed space-wavenumber domain to overcome this challenge.The partial differential equation about abnormal potential is transformed into many independent ordinary differential equations with different wavenumbers using a 2D Fourier transform along the x axis and y axis direction.In this way,a large-scale 3D numerical simulation problem is decomposed into several 1D numerical simulation problems,which significantly reduces the computational and storage requirements.In addition,these ordinary 1D differential equations with different wavenumbers are independent of each other and high parallelelism of the algorithm.They are solved using a finite-element algorithm combined with a chasing method,and the obtained solution is modified using a contraction operator.In this method,the vertical direction is reserved as the spatial domain,then grid size can be determined flexibly based on the underground current density distribution,which considers the solution accuracy and calculation efficiency.In addition,for the first time,we use the contraction operator in the integral equation method to iterate the algorithm.The algorithm takes advantage of the high efficiency of the standard Fourier transform and chasing method,as well as the fast convergence of the contraction operator.We verified the accuracy of the algorithm and the convergence of the contraction operator.Compared with a volume integral method and goal-oriented adaptive finite-element method,the proposed algorithm has lower memory requirements and high computational efficiency,making it suitable for calculating a model with large-scale nodes.Moreover,different examples are used to verify the high adaptability and parallelism of the proposed algorithm.The findings show that the 3D numerical simulation method of DC resistivity method in a mixed space-wavenumber domain is highly efficient,precise,and parallel.展开更多
In gravity-anomaly-based prospecting, the computational and memory requirements for practical numerical modeling are potentially enormous. Achieving an efficient and precise inversion for gravity anomaly imaging over ...In gravity-anomaly-based prospecting, the computational and memory requirements for practical numerical modeling are potentially enormous. Achieving an efficient and precise inversion for gravity anomaly imaging over large-scale and complex terrain requires additional methods. To this end, we have proposed a new topography-capable By performing a two-dimensional Fourier transform in the horizontal directions, threedimensional partial differential equations in the spatial domain were transformed into a group of independent, one-dimensional differential equations engaged with different wave numbers. These independent differential equations are highly parallel across different wave numbers. differential equations with different wave numbers, and the efficiency of solving fixedbandwidth linear equations was further improved by a chasing method. In a synthetic test, a prism model was used to verify the accuracy and reliability of the proposed algorithm by comparing the numerical solution with the analytical solution. We studied the computational precision and efficiency with and without topography using different Fourier transform methods. The results showed that the Guass-FFT method has higher numerical precision, while the standard FFT method is superior, in terms of computation time, for inversion and quantitative interpretation under complicated terrain.展开更多
Seismic inversion performed in the time or frequency domain cannot always recover the long-wavelength background of subsurface parameters due to the lack of low-frequency seismic records. Since the low-frequency respo...Seismic inversion performed in the time or frequency domain cannot always recover the long-wavelength background of subsurface parameters due to the lack of low-frequency seismic records. Since the low-frequency response becomes much richer in the Laplace mixed domains, one novel Bayesian impedance inversion approach in the complex Laplace mixed domains is established in this study to solve the model dependency problem. The derivation of a Laplace mixed-domain formula of the Robinson convolution is the first step in our work. With this formula, the Laplace seismic spectrum, the wavelet spectrum and time-domain reflectivity are joined together. Next, to improve inversion stability, the object inversion function accompanied by the initial constraint of the linear increment model is launched under a Bayesian framework. The likelihood function and prior probability distribution can be combined together by Bayesian formula to calculate the posterior probability distribution of subsurface parameters. By achieving the optimal solution corresponding to maximum posterior probability distribution, the low-frequency background of subsurface parameters can be obtained successfully. Then, with the regularization constraint of estimated low frequency in the Laplace mixed domains, multi-scale Bayesian inversion inthe pure frequency domain is exploited to obtain the absolute model parameters. The effectiveness, anti-noise capability and lateral continuity of Laplace mixed-domain inversion are illustrated by synthetic tests. Furthermore,one field case in the east of China is discussed carefully with different input frequency components and different inversion algorithms. This provides adequate proof to illustrate the reliability improvement in low-frequency estimation and resolution enhancement of subsurface parameters, in comparison with conventional Bayesian inversion in the frequency domain.展开更多
Pancreatic cancer is one of the deadliest cancers with a very poor prognosis. Recently, there has been a significant increase in research directed towards identifying potential biomarkers that can be used to diagnose ...Pancreatic cancer is one of the deadliest cancers with a very poor prognosis. Recently, there has been a significant increase in research directed towards identifying potential biomarkers that can be used to diagnose and provide prognostic information for pancreatic cancer. These markers can be used clinically to optimize and personalize therapy for individual patients. In this review, we focused on 3 biomarkers involved in the DNA damage response pathway and the necroptosis pathway: Chromodomainhelicase-DNA binding protein 5, chromodomain-helicaseDNA binding protein 7, and mixed lineage kinase domain-like protein. The aim of this article is to review present literature provided for these biomarkers and current studies in which their effectiveness as prognostic biomarkers are analyzed in order to determine their future use as biomarkers in clinical medicine. Based on the data presented, these biomarkers warrant further investigation,and should be validated in future studies.展开更多
On the basis of composition duality principles, augmented three-field macrohybrid mixed variational problems and finite element schemes are analyzed. The compatibility condition adopted here, for compositional dualiza...On the basis of composition duality principles, augmented three-field macrohybrid mixed variational problems and finite element schemes are analyzed. The compatibility condition adopted here, for compositional dualization, is the coupling operator surjectivity, property that expresses in a general operator sense the Ladysenskaja-Babulka-Brezzi inf-sup condition. Variational macro-hybridization is performed under the assumption of decomposable primal and dual spaces relative to nonoverlapping domain decompositions. Then, through compositional dualization macro-hybrid mixed problems are obtained, with internal boundary dual traces as Lagrange multipliers. Also, ＂mass＂ preconditioned aug- mentation of three-field formulations are derived, stabilizing macro-hybrid mixed finite element schemes and rendering possible speed up of rates of convergence. Dual mixed incompressible Darcy flow problems illustrate the theory throughout the paper.展开更多
The sequences {Zi,n, 1≤i≤n}, n≥1 are multi-nomial distribution among i.i.d, random variables {X1,i, i≥1}, {X2,i, i≥1 } {Xm,i, i≥1 }. The extreme value distribution Gz（x） of this particular triangular array of ...The sequences {Zi,n, 1≤i≤n}, n≥1 are multi-nomial distribution among i.i.d, random variables {X1,i, i≥1}, {X2,i, i≥1 } {Xm,i, i≥1 }. The extreme value distribution Gz（x） of this particular triangular array of i.i,d, random variables Z1,n, Z2 n,...,Zn,n is discussed. A new type of not max-stable extreme value distributions which are Fréchet mixture, Gumbel mixture and Weibull mixture has been found if Fj,…… Fm belong to the same MDA. Whether mixtures of different types of extreme value distributions exist or not and the more general case are discussed in this paper. We found that Gz（x） does not exist as mixture forms of the different types of extreme value distributions after we investigated all cases.展开更多
This article studies the effective traffic signal control problem of multiple intersections in a city-level traffic system.A novel regional multi-agent cooperative reinforcement learning algorithm called RegionSTLight...This article studies the effective traffic signal control problem of multiple intersections in a city-level traffic system.A novel regional multi-agent cooperative reinforcement learning algorithm called RegionSTLight is proposed to improve the traffic efficiency.Firstly a regional multi-agent Q-learning framework is proposed,which can equivalently decompose the global Q value of the traffic system into the local values of several regions Based on the framework and the idea of human-machine cooperation,a dynamic zoning method is designed to divide the traffic network into several strong-coupled regions according to realtime traffic flow densities.In order to achieve better cooperation inside each region,a lightweight spatio-temporal fusion feature extraction network is designed.The experiments in synthetic real-world and city-level scenarios show that the proposed RegionS TLight converges more quickly,is more stable,and obtains better asymptotic performance compared to state-of-theart models.展开更多
全球模式能量循环和能量转换规律可准确反映模式动力和物理过程相互作用的物理机制,是诊断大气环流特征的重要方法。基于混合时空域能量循环框架,采用尺度分析方法,利用2022年中国气象局全球数值预报系统(CMA Global Forecast System,CM...全球模式能量循环和能量转换规律可准确反映模式动力和物理过程相互作用的物理机制,是诊断大气环流特征的重要方法。基于混合时空域能量循环框架,采用尺度分析方法,利用2022年中国气象局全球数值预报系统(CMA Global Forecast System,CMA-GFS)全球预报产品及欧洲中期天气预报中心第5代再分析资料(ECMWF reanalysis version 5,ERA5),考察CMA-GFS不同尺度下的能量蓄能及转换特征,以此诊断模式的误差来源。结果表明:CMA-GFS可有效预报大气能量循环基本特征,但其对斜压性的高估导致平均环流有效位能偏强,且具有随预报时效逐渐增长的趋势。定常和瞬变涡动能量分别受行星尺度和天气及以下尺度分量主导。涡动有效位能误差由模式斜压性决定,其中CMA-GFS的定常涡动有效位能偏高而瞬变涡动有效位能偏低。定常和瞬变涡动动能均存在系统性低估,负误差主要集中在副热带急流和极夜急流中心附近,偏强的正压输送使更多能量向平均环流转换,涡动能量偏弱。CMA-GFS的4种涡动能量在冬季预报偏低,而在夏季偏高或略偏低,严重削弱了季节变化影响。展开更多
文摘Forward modeling is the basis of inversion imaging and quantitative interpretation for DC resistivity exploration.Currently,a numerical model of the DC resistivity method must be finely divided to obtain a highly accurate solution under complex conditions,resulting in a long calculation time and large storage.Therefore,we propose a 3D numerical simulation method in a mixed space-wavenumber domain to overcome this challenge.The partial differential equation about abnormal potential is transformed into many independent ordinary differential equations with different wavenumbers using a 2D Fourier transform along the x axis and y axis direction.In this way,a large-scale 3D numerical simulation problem is decomposed into several 1D numerical simulation problems,which significantly reduces the computational and storage requirements.In addition,these ordinary 1D differential equations with different wavenumbers are independent of each other and high parallelelism of the algorithm.They are solved using a finite-element algorithm combined with a chasing method,and the obtained solution is modified using a contraction operator.In this method,the vertical direction is reserved as the spatial domain,then grid size can be determined flexibly based on the underground current density distribution,which considers the solution accuracy and calculation efficiency.In addition,for the first time,we use the contraction operator in the integral equation method to iterate the algorithm.The algorithm takes advantage of the high efficiency of the standard Fourier transform and chasing method,as well as the fast convergence of the contraction operator.We verified the accuracy of the algorithm and the convergence of the contraction operator.Compared with a volume integral method and goal-oriented adaptive finite-element method,the proposed algorithm has lower memory requirements and high computational efficiency,making it suitable for calculating a model with large-scale nodes.Moreover,different examples are used to verify the high adaptability and parallelism of the proposed algorithm.The findings show that the 3D numerical simulation method of DC resistivity method in a mixed space-wavenumber domain is highly efficient,precise,and parallel.
基金supported by the Natural Science Foundation of China(No.41574127)the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(No.2017M622608)the project for the independent exploration of graduate students at Central South University(No.2017zzts008)
文摘In gravity-anomaly-based prospecting, the computational and memory requirements for practical numerical modeling are potentially enormous. Achieving an efficient and precise inversion for gravity anomaly imaging over large-scale and complex terrain requires additional methods. To this end, we have proposed a new topography-capable By performing a two-dimensional Fourier transform in the horizontal directions, threedimensional partial differential equations in the spatial domain were transformed into a group of independent, one-dimensional differential equations engaged with different wave numbers. These independent differential equations are highly parallel across different wave numbers. differential equations with different wave numbers, and the efficiency of solving fixedbandwidth linear equations was further improved by a chasing method. In a synthetic test, a prism model was used to verify the accuracy and reliability of the proposed algorithm by comparing the numerical solution with the analytical solution. We studied the computational precision and efficiency with and without topography using different Fourier transform methods. The results showed that the Guass-FFT method has higher numerical precision, while the standard FFT method is superior, in terms of computation time, for inversion and quantitative interpretation under complicated terrain.
基金the sponsorship of National Natural Science Foundation Project(U1562215,41604101)National Grand Project for Science and Technology(2016ZX05024-004,2017ZX05032-003)+2 种基金the Post-graduate Innovation Program of China University of Petroleum(YCX2017005)Science Foundation from SINOPEC Key Laboratory of Geophysics(wtyjy-wx2016-04-10)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities
文摘Seismic inversion performed in the time or frequency domain cannot always recover the long-wavelength background of subsurface parameters due to the lack of low-frequency seismic records. Since the low-frequency response becomes much richer in the Laplace mixed domains, one novel Bayesian impedance inversion approach in the complex Laplace mixed domains is established in this study to solve the model dependency problem. The derivation of a Laplace mixed-domain formula of the Robinson convolution is the first step in our work. With this formula, the Laplace seismic spectrum, the wavelet spectrum and time-domain reflectivity are joined together. Next, to improve inversion stability, the object inversion function accompanied by the initial constraint of the linear increment model is launched under a Bayesian framework. The likelihood function and prior probability distribution can be combined together by Bayesian formula to calculate the posterior probability distribution of subsurface parameters. By achieving the optimal solution corresponding to maximum posterior probability distribution, the low-frequency background of subsurface parameters can be obtained successfully. Then, with the regularization constraint of estimated low frequency in the Laplace mixed domains, multi-scale Bayesian inversion inthe pure frequency domain is exploited to obtain the absolute model parameters. The effectiveness, anti-noise capability and lateral continuity of Laplace mixed-domain inversion are illustrated by synthetic tests. Furthermore,one field case in the east of China is discussed carefully with different input frequency components and different inversion algorithms. This provides adequate proof to illustrate the reliability improvement in low-frequency estimation and resolution enhancement of subsurface parameters, in comparison with conventional Bayesian inversion in the frequency domain.
基金Supported by The National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences of the National Institutes of Health under award numbers ULl TR000454 previously awarded to Dr.Colbert and Dr.Fisher and TLlT R000456 to Dr.ColbertPancreatic Cancer Action Network(Pan-CAN)&sol American Association for Cancer Research(AACR)award 16982+1 种基金Department of Defense(DOD)/Peer Reviewed Cancer Research Program(PRCRP)award CA110535Georgia Cancer Coalition award 11072,all to Dr.Yu
文摘Pancreatic cancer is one of the deadliest cancers with a very poor prognosis. Recently, there has been a significant increase in research directed towards identifying potential biomarkers that can be used to diagnose and provide prognostic information for pancreatic cancer. These markers can be used clinically to optimize and personalize therapy for individual patients. In this review, we focused on 3 biomarkers involved in the DNA damage response pathway and the necroptosis pathway: Chromodomainhelicase-DNA binding protein 5, chromodomain-helicaseDNA binding protein 7, and mixed lineage kinase domain-like protein. The aim of this article is to review present literature provided for these biomarkers and current studies in which their effectiveness as prognostic biomarkers are analyzed in order to determine their future use as biomarkers in clinical medicine. Based on the data presented, these biomarkers warrant further investigation,and should be validated in future studies.
文摘On the basis of composition duality principles, augmented three-field macrohybrid mixed variational problems and finite element schemes are analyzed. The compatibility condition adopted here, for compositional dualization, is the coupling operator surjectivity, property that expresses in a general operator sense the Ladysenskaja-Babulka-Brezzi inf-sup condition. Variational macro-hybridization is performed under the assumption of decomposable primal and dual spaces relative to nonoverlapping domain decompositions. Then, through compositional dualization macro-hybrid mixed problems are obtained, with internal boundary dual traces as Lagrange multipliers. Also, ＂mass＂ preconditioned aug- mentation of three-field formulations are derived, stabilizing macro-hybrid mixed finite element schemes and rendering possible speed up of rates of convergence. Dual mixed incompressible Darcy flow problems illustrate the theory throughout the paper.
基金Project partially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of Switzerland
文摘The sequences {Zi,n, 1≤i≤n}, n≥1 are multi-nomial distribution among i.i.d, random variables {X1,i, i≥1}, {X2,i, i≥1 } {Xm,i, i≥1 }. The extreme value distribution Gz（x） of this particular triangular array of i.i,d, random variables Z1,n, Z2 n,...,Zn,n is discussed. A new type of not max-stable extreme value distributions which are Fréchet mixture, Gumbel mixture and Weibull mixture has been found if Fj,…… Fm belong to the same MDA. Whether mixtures of different types of extreme value distributions exist or not and the more general case are discussed in this paper. We found that Gz（x） does not exist as mixture forms of the different types of extreme value distributions after we investigated all cases.
基金supported by the National Science and Technology Major Project (2021ZD0112702)the National Natural Science Foundation (NNSF)of China (62373100,62233003)the Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province of China (BK20202006)。
文摘This article studies the effective traffic signal control problem of multiple intersections in a city-level traffic system.A novel regional multi-agent cooperative reinforcement learning algorithm called RegionSTLight is proposed to improve the traffic efficiency.Firstly a regional multi-agent Q-learning framework is proposed,which can equivalently decompose the global Q value of the traffic system into the local values of several regions Based on the framework and the idea of human-machine cooperation,a dynamic zoning method is designed to divide the traffic network into several strong-coupled regions according to realtime traffic flow densities.In order to achieve better cooperation inside each region,a lightweight spatio-temporal fusion feature extraction network is designed.The experiments in synthetic real-world and city-level scenarios show that the proposed RegionS TLight converges more quickly,is more stable,and obtains better asymptotic performance compared to state-of-theart models.
文摘全球模式能量循环和能量转换规律可准确反映模式动力和物理过程相互作用的物理机制,是诊断大气环流特征的重要方法。基于混合时空域能量循环框架,采用尺度分析方法,利用2022年中国气象局全球数值预报系统(CMA Global Forecast System,CMA-GFS)全球预报产品及欧洲中期天气预报中心第5代再分析资料(ECMWF reanalysis version 5,ERA5),考察CMA-GFS不同尺度下的能量蓄能及转换特征,以此诊断模式的误差来源。结果表明:CMA-GFS可有效预报大气能量循环基本特征,但其对斜压性的高估导致平均环流有效位能偏强,且具有随预报时效逐渐增长的趋势。定常和瞬变涡动能量分别受行星尺度和天气及以下尺度分量主导。涡动有效位能误差由模式斜压性决定,其中CMA-GFS的定常涡动有效位能偏高而瞬变涡动有效位能偏低。定常和瞬变涡动动能均存在系统性低估,负误差主要集中在副热带急流和极夜急流中心附近,偏强的正压输送使更多能量向平均环流转换,涡动能量偏弱。CMA-GFS的4种涡动能量在冬季预报偏低,而在夏季偏高或略偏低,严重削弱了季节变化影响。
