Background:Hepatitis B virus(HBV)infection is prevalent in sub-Saharan Africa,including Nigeria,and is frequently observed in individuals co-infected with human immunodeficiency virus(HIV).Objective:This study aims to...Background:Hepatitis B virus(HBV)infection is prevalent in sub-Saharan Africa,including Nigeria,and is frequently observed in individuals co-infected with human immunodeficiency virus(HIV).Objective:This study aims to evaluate the prevalence of serological markers for hepatitis B virus and identify the associated risk factors among women with HIV undergoing highly active antiretroviral therapy(HAART)in Ogun State,Nigeria.Methods:Ethical approval was obtained from the Babcock University Health Research Ethics Committee(BUHREC)to recruit a total of 110 adult women infected with HIV,receiving treatment at the HIV clinics of Babcock University Teaching Hospital(BUTH)in Ilishan-Remo and General Hospital in Ijebu-Ode,both located in Ogun State,Nigeria.The participants’HIV status were confirmed using three rapid diagnostic kits:Determine(Abbott Laboratories,Tokyo,Japan),Unigold HIV(Trinity Biotech Plc Bray,Co.Wicklow,Ireland),and 1/2 Stat Pak(Abbott Laboratories,Tokyo,Japan)(Chembio Diagnostic Systems,New York,USA).Additionally,an HBV 5 in 1 Panel manufactured by Innovation Biotechnology Co.,Ltd in Beijing,China,was employed to detect HBV markers qualitatively in serum samples.Results:Out of the 110 subjects that voluntarily participated in the study,4(3.6%)tested positive for HBsAg,2(1.8%)tested positive for HBsAb,81(73.6%)tested positive for HBeAg,3(2.7%)tested positive for HBeAb,and 65(59.1%)tested positive for HBcAb.There was no significant correlation between the occurrence of HBsAg and the socio-demographic characteristics of the participants(P>0.05).Various risk factors were identified,including lack of knowledge about HBV,absence of HBV vaccination history,history of blood transfusion,organ transplant,and engaging in unprotected sex,among others.Conclusion:The findings highlight the presence of HBV infection among HIV-positive women undergoing HAART in Ogun State,Nigeria,particularly within the age groups of 18–25 years and 26–30 years.These results emphasize the necessity for continuous and targeted public health interventions among this specific population.展开更多
Objectives To investigate the positive rate of different hepatitis B virus （HBV） serological markers, and the demographic factors related to HBV infection. Methods We enrolled all patients tested for HBV serologica...Objectives To investigate the positive rate of different hepatitis B virus （HBV） serological markers, and the demographic factors related to HBV infection. Methods We enrolled all patients tested for HBV serological markers, such as HBV surface antigen （HBsAg）, HBV surface antibody （HBsAb）, hepatitis B e antigen （HBeAg）, hepatitis B e antibody （HBeAb）, HBV core antibody （HBcAb）, and HBV-DNA from July 2008 to July 2009 in Peking Union Medical College Hospital. The positive rate of each HBV serological marker was calculated according to gender, age, and department, respectively. The positive rates of HBV-DNA among patients with positive HBsAg were also analyzed. Results Among 27 409 samples included, 2681 （9.8%） were HBsAg positive. When patients were divided into 9 age groups, the age-specific positive rate of HBsAg was 1.2%, 9.6%, 12.3%, 10.9%, 10.3%, 9.7%, 8.0%, 5.8%, and 4.3%, respectively. The positive rate of HBsAg in non-surgical department, surgical department, and health examination center was 16.2%, 5.8%, and 4.7%, respectively. The positive rate of HBsAg of males （13.3%） was higher than that of females （7.3%, P=0.000）. Among the 2681 HBsAg （＋） patients, 1230 （45.9%） had HBV-DNA test, of whom 564 （45.9%） were positive. Patients with HBsAg （＋）, HBeAg （＋）, and HBcAg （＋） result usually had high positive rate of HBV-DNA results （71.8%, P=0.000）. Conclusions Among this group of patients in our hospital, the positive rate of HBsAg was relatively high. Age group of 20-29, males, and patients in non-surgical departments were factors associated with high positive rate of HBsAg.展开更多
BACKGROUND Previous studies have suggested that the costimulatory molecule 4-1BB plays pivotal roles in regulating immunity during chronic viral infection.However,up to now,there are few studies about 4-1BB in chronic...BACKGROUND Previous studies have suggested that the costimulatory molecule 4-1BB plays pivotal roles in regulating immunity during chronic viral infection.However,up to now,there are few studies about 4-1BB in chronic hepatitis B(CHB).AIM To clarify this issue,we report our comprehensive study results on the expression levels of 4-1BB in patients with CHB.METHODS From September 2018 to June 2019,a total of 64 patients with CHB were recruited from the Department of Hepatology,The First Hospital of Jilin University.Peripheral blood samples were collected from 52 treatment-naïve and 12 entecavir-treated patients with CHB as well as 37 healthy donors(including 24 healthy adults and 13 healthy children).The levels of soluble 4-1BB(s4-1BB)in plasma were measured by ELISA.4-1BB mRNA expression in peripheral blood mononuclear cells was detected by real-time quantitative PCR.RESULTS The s4-1BB levels in the plasma of patients with CHB were significantly higher than those in healthy adults(94.390±7.393 ng/mL vs 8.875±0.914 ng/mL,P<0.001).In addition,the s4-1BB level in plasma was significantly increased in patients with a higher viral load and a disease flare up.However,there were no significant differences between treatment-naïve and entecavir-treated patients.Interestingly,among treatment-naïve patients with CHB,the levels of s4-1BB in plasma had a significant positive correlation with hepatitis B surface antigen,hepatitis B virus DNA,hepatitis B e antigen,and triglyceride levels(r=0.748,P<0.001;r=0.406,P=0.004;r=0.356,P=0.019 and r=-0.469,P=0.007,respectively).The 4-1BB mRNA expression was higher in the peripheral blood mononuclear cells of patients with CHB than in the peripheral blood mononuclear cells of healthy adults,but the difference was not statistically significant.CONCLUSION These results suggest that the levels of s4-1BB may be associated with pathogenesis of hepatitis B virus and therefore may be a promising biomarker for disease progression.展开更多
In order to compare sensitivity of EIA and RIA assay kits for hepatitis B and C virus (HBV and HCV, respectively) infection markers, 100 serum samples in total were collected form 50 adult women each in urban and rura...In order to compare sensitivity of EIA and RIA assay kits for hepatitis B and C virus (HBV and HCV, respectively) infection markers, 100 serum samples in total were collected form 50 adult women each in urban and rural areas in northeast China. The number of positive cases to the three infection markers on HBV (i.e., HBsAg +, anti HBs +, and anti HBc +) and the one on HCV (anti HCV +) were examined in two laboratories, i.e., in Laboratory A with EIA kits produced in China and in Laboratory B with RIA kits. HCV infection positivity (anti HCV +) was examined by EIA kits in both laboratories, but from different sources in and outside of China, respectively. The assay in Laboratory A gave 2 HBsAg + cases out of the 100 cases examined, whereas there were 9 positive cases in Laboratory B. In contrast, 19 cases were positive to anti HCV when examined in Laboratory A, and there were 3 cases in Laboratory B. Thus, the kits used in Laboratory A gave fewer HBsAg + and more anti HCV + cases than the kits used in Laboratory B. The prevalence of anti HBs + or anti HBc + and cases did not differ when assayed in the two laboratories with EIA and RIA kits, respectively. The agreement of positive and negative findings between the two sets of testing were 93%, 93%, 93%, 86% and 82% for HBsAg, anti HBs, anti HBc, HBV (i.e., either positive to anyone of the three markers or negative to all three markers), and anti HCV, respectively. The implication of the observation on epidemiology on HBV and HCV infection prevalence was discussed.展开更多
AIM： To investigate the safety and efficacy of the formulation HD-03/ES capsules in the management of patients with chronic hepatitis B infection.METHODS： A total of 25 patients were recruited to the study and were ...AIM： To investigate the safety and efficacy of the formulation HD-03/ES capsules in the management of patients with chronic hepatitis B infection.METHODS： A total of 25 patients were recruited to the study and were given HD-03/ES, two capsules twice daily for six months. Clinical assessment of symptoms and signs were done using the ＂clinical observation table＂ once a month before and after the treatment. Biochemical investigations of total bilirubin, ALT, AST, serum protein for liver function tests were done every month after initiating treatment. Serum was analyzed for HBV markers for HBsAg, HBeAg and HBV DNA at baseline, 4 and 6 mo alter therapy using ELISA kits from Roche.RESULTS： After 6 mo of therapy with HD-03/ES, a significant reduction of ALT values from 66.5 ± 11.1 to 39.1 ± 5.2 （P 〈 0.01） and a significant HBsAg loss （52%, P 〈 0.001）, HBeAg loss （60%, P 〈 0.05） and HBV DNA loss （60%, P 〈 0.05） was observed. Adverse effects were mild and never warranted withdrawal of the drug.CONCLUSION： The results of this pilot study indicate that HD-03/ES might be a safe and effective treatment for chronic hepatitis B infection and a long-term multicentric comparator trial is warranted and under way.展开更多
目的了解癌症患者乙型肝炎病毒(hepatitis B virus,HBV)的感染状态和感染特点。方法回顾性分析2017年7月26日至2023年9月18日于广西医科大学附属肿瘤医院确诊的92031例癌症患者的HBV血清标志物检测结果,以肝癌、非肝癌进行分组,比较未感...目的了解癌症患者乙型肝炎病毒(hepatitis B virus,HBV)的感染状态和感染特点。方法回顾性分析2017年7月26日至2023年9月18日于广西医科大学附属肿瘤医院确诊的92031例癌症患者的HBV血清标志物检测结果,以肝癌、非肝癌进行分组,比较未感染(全阴或Anti-HBs阳性)、感染(除外Anti-HBs任何一项阳性)、隐性感染(occult hepatitis B virus infection,OBI;HBsAg阴性、血清或肝组织HBV DNA阳性)的占比。结果92031例癌症患者的HBV总感染率为73.75%(67876/92031),其中肝癌患者的HBV总感染率为97.65%(8922/9137),非肝癌患者的HBV总感染率为71.12%(58954/82894),肝癌组的普通感染率和OBI率均显著高于非肝癌组(均P<0.001)。肝癌组HBV血清标志物中HBsAg、HBeAg、Anti-HBe、Anti-HBc的阳性率明显高于非肝癌组(均P<0.001),但Anti-HBs的阳性率低于非肝癌组(P<0.001)。肝癌组和非肝癌组分别有20种和27种血清标志物组合模式,其中14种模式构成比在两组间差异有统计学意义(均P<0.001);两组均有7种OBI血清组合模式,其中5种模式构成比在两组间的差异有统计学意义(均P<0.05)。结论癌症患者HBV感染状态和血清学组合模式复杂,区分肝癌与非肝癌进行HBV感染统计更利于癌症患者的HBV感染评估。展开更多
The goal of this review is to provide a comprehensive picture of the role,clinical applications and future perspectives of the most widely used non-invasive techniques for the evaluation of hepatitis B virus(HBV)infec...The goal of this review is to provide a comprehensive picture of the role,clinical applications and future perspectives of the most widely used non-invasive techniques for the evaluation of hepatitis B virus(HBV)infection.During the past decade many non-invasive methods have been developed to reduce the need for liver biopsy in staging fibrosis and to overcome whenever possible its limitations,mainly:invasiveness,costs,low reproducibility,poor acceptance by patients.Elastographic techniques conceived to assess liver stiffness,in particular transient elastography,and the most commonly used biological markers will be assessed against their respective role and limitations in staging hepatic fibrosis.Recent evidence highlights that both liver stiffness and some bio-chemical markers correlatewith survival and major clinical end-points such as liver decompensation,development of hepatocellular carcinoma and portal hypertension.Thus the non-invasive techniques here discussed can play a major role in the management of patients with chronic HBV-related hepatitis.Given their prognostic value,transient elastography and some bio-chemical markers can be used to better categorize patients with advanced fibrosis and cirrhosis and assign them to different classes of risk for clinically relevant outcomes.Very recent data indicates that the combined measurements of liver and spleen stiffness enable the reliable prediction of portal hypertension and esophageal varices development.展开更多
Hepatitis B virus(HBV)belongs to the genus Orthohepadnavirus of the Hepadnaviridae family and is approximately 3.2 kb in length.Owing to a lack of proofreading capacity during reverse transcription and a high replicat...Hepatitis B virus(HBV)belongs to the genus Orthohepadnavirus of the Hepadnaviridae family and is approximately 3.2 kb in length.Owing to a lack of proofreading capacity during reverse transcription and a high replication rate,HBV exhibits as quasispecies.To detect the genetic mutations of HBV,many methods with different sensitivities and throughputs were developed.According to documentary records,HBV mutation and evolution were important vial parameters in predicting disease progression and therapeutic outcome.In this review,we separately discussed the correlation between HBV genomic mutations in four open reading frames and liver disease progression.Since some of the results were controversial from different laboratories,it remains to be seen whether functional analyses will confirm their role in modifying the course of infection.展开更多
To evaluate prospectively 4 selected serum fibrosis markers （tenascin, hyaluronan, collagen Ⅵ, TIMP-1） before, during and 12 mo after IFN treatment of children with chronic hepatitis B. METHODS： Forty-seven consec...To evaluate prospectively 4 selected serum fibrosis markers （tenascin, hyaluronan, collagen Ⅵ, TIMP-1） before, during and 12 mo after IFN treatment of children with chronic hepatitis B. METHODS： Forty-seven consecutive patients with chronic hepatitis B （range 4-16 years, mean 8 years） underwent IFN treatment （3 MU tiw for 20 wk）. Fibrosis stage and inflammation grade were assessed in a blinded fashion before and 12 mo after end of treatment. Serum fibrosis markers were determined using automated assays.RESULTS： IFN treatment improved histological inflammation but did not change fibrosis in the whole group or in subgroups. Only hyaluronan correlated significantly with histological fibrosis（r = 0.3383, P = 0.022）. Basal fibrosis markers did not differ between responders （42.5%） and nonresponders（57.5%）. During IFN treatment only serum tenascin decreased significantly in the whole group and in nonresponders. When pretreatment values were compared to values 12 mo after therapy, TIMP-1 increased in all patients and in nonresponders, and hyaluronan decreased in all patients and in responders.CONCLUSION： Tenascin reflects hepatic fibrogenesis and inflammation which decreases during IFN treatment of children with chronic hepatitis B. TIMP-1 correlates with nonresponse and hyaluronan with histological fibrosis.展开更多
目的研究探讨乙肝孕妇大三阳和小三阳状态中乙型肝炎病毒(Hepatitis B virus,HBV)DNA载量、肝功能指标、肝纤维化标志物含量及不同HBVDNA载量孕妇的肝功能水平。方法选取临清市人民医院于2020年1月—2023年1月收治的120例乙肝孕妇作为...目的研究探讨乙肝孕妇大三阳和小三阳状态中乙型肝炎病毒(Hepatitis B virus,HBV)DNA载量、肝功能指标、肝纤维化标志物含量及不同HBVDNA载量孕妇的肝功能水平。方法选取临清市人民医院于2020年1月—2023年1月收治的120例乙肝孕妇作为研究对象,根据乙肝两对半检测结果将其分为两组,即大三阳组(n=60)和小三阳组(n=60)。比较两组HBVDNA载量、肝功能指标、肝纤维化标志物含量及不同HBVDNA载量孕妇的肝功能指标、肝纤维化标志物含量。结果大三阳组丙氨酸转移酶水平(29.00±7.62)U/L、HBVDNA水平(5.18±1.16)×10^(4)U/mL均高于小三阳组的(26.00±2.85)U/L、(2.08±1.11)×10^(4)U/mL,差异有统计学意义(t=2.856、14.956,P均<0.05)。大三阳组的重组人几丁质酶3样蛋白1水平低于小三阳组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。伴随着HBVDNA载量上升,两组患者甲胎蛋白水平随之增加,但是在同等HBADNA载量下,两组甲胎蛋白水平比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论开展孕前抗乙肝病毒诊疗、孕期风险系数评估,采取科学有效的干预措施,均能够有效抑制乙肝在母婴中的传播。展开更多
目的分析失代偿期乙型肝炎肝硬化患者血清HBV-DNA水平与乙型肝炎病毒标志物、生化及凝血等指标的相关性。方法回顾性分析2018年1月至2020年12月我院收治的645例失代偿期乙型肝炎肝硬化患者的临床资料,根据HBV-DNA水平分为4组:阴性组、...目的分析失代偿期乙型肝炎肝硬化患者血清HBV-DNA水平与乙型肝炎病毒标志物、生化及凝血等指标的相关性。方法回顾性分析2018年1月至2020年12月我院收治的645例失代偿期乙型肝炎肝硬化患者的临床资料,根据HBV-DNA水平分为4组:阴性组、低病毒载量组(<2.0×10^(3)IU/mL)、中病毒载量组(2.0×10^(3)~2.0×10^(5)IU/mL)和高病毒载量组(>105IU/mL),测定所有患者乙型肝炎病毒血清学标志物(HBV-M)、肝功能相关生化指标(ALT、AST、TBIL、DBIL、ALB)、凝血相关指标(PT、INR、APTT、TT、D-D、PLT),比较4组患者各项指标的差异,并分析各项指标与HBV-DNA水平的相关性。结果在失代偿期乙型肝炎肝硬化患者中,HBsAg和HBeAg的定量数值随着HBV-DNA水平的升高而增高,HBsAg的明显升高主要体现在HBV-DNA阴性组和低病毒载量组之间(779.40 vs 5773.00IU/mL),而HBeAg的表达在中病毒载量组(0.19 COI)和高病毒载量组(7.96 COI)中才出现显著升高,低病毒载量组的HBeAg阳性表达率较低。随着病毒载量的升高,患者的ALT、AST、TBIL、DBIL、D/T、AFP指标均有所升高,而ALB的水平降低;除TT存在显著性差异外,PT、APTT、INR、Fib、D-D、PLT这6个指标差异均无统计学意义。经Pearson相关性分析检验,失代偿期乙型肝炎肝硬化患者血清HBV-DNA水平与ALT、AST、TBIL、DBIL、AFP、PT、APTT、TT、D-D、HBsAg、HBeAg水平呈正相关(r>0,P均<0.05),与ALB、Fib水平呈负相关(r<0,P均<0.05),与PLT、HBeAb水平不存在相关性。结论在失代偿期乙型肝炎肝硬化患者中,血清HBV-DNA载量与HBsAg、HBeAg表达水平密切相关,与ALT、AST、TBIL、DBIL、D/T、ALB等肝功能相关生化指标相关,与凝血相关指标存在关联,但在不同HBV-DNA载量组中无差异。HBV-DNA载量可作为HBeAg阴性患者肝脏损害程度的有效预测指标。展开更多
Objective To investigate the relationship between maternal peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) hepatitis B virus(HBV) covalenty closed circular deoxyribonucleic acid(cccDNA) and other HBV serological markers and...Objective To investigate the relationship between maternal peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) hepatitis B virus(HBV) covalenty closed circular deoxyribonucleic acid(cccDNA) and other HBV serological markers and its effects on HBV intrauterine transmission. Methods We enrolled 290 newborns and their hepatitis B surface antigen(HBsAg) positive mothers. HBV cccDNA in PBMC and HBV DNA in serum were detected by a real‐time PCR‐TaqM an probe while HBV serological markers were detected with an electrochemiluminescence immunoassay. Results There was a positive correlation between the levels of PBMC HBV cccD NA and serum HBV DNA and HBeA g(r = 0.436 and 0.403, P < 0.001). The detection rate of pattern A [‘HBsA g(+), HBeA g(+), and anti‐HBc(+)’] was significantly higher in the PBMC HBV cccD NA positive group than in the control group(χ^2 = 48.48, P < 0.001). There was a significant association between HBV intrauterine transmission and PBMC HBV cccD NA(χ^2 = 9.28, P = 0.002). In the presence of serum HBV DNA, HBeA g, and PBMC HBV cccD NA, the risk of HBV intrauterine transmission was three times higher(OR = 3.69, 95% CI: 1.30‐10.42) than that observed in their absence. The risk of HBV intrauterine transmission was the greatest(OR = 5.89, 95% CI: 2.35‐14.72) when both PBMC HBV cccD NA and pattern A were present. A Bayesian network model showed that maternal PBMC HBV cccD NA was directly related to HBV intrauterine transmission. Conclusion PBMC HBV cccDNA may be a direct risk factor for HBV intrauterine transmission. Our study suggests that serological markers could be combined with PBMC‐related markers in prenatal testing.展开更多
AIM To evaluate the diagnostic performance of angiotensinconverting enzyme(ACE)on significant liver fibrosis in patients with chronic hepatitis B(CHB). METHODS In total,100 patients with CHB who underwent liver biopsy...AIM To evaluate the diagnostic performance of angiotensinconverting enzyme(ACE)on significant liver fibrosis in patients with chronic hepatitis B(CHB). METHODS In total,100 patients with CHB who underwent liver biopsy in our hospital were enrolled,and 70 patients except for 30 patients with hypertension,fatty liver or habitual alcoholic consumption were analyzed.We compared histological liver fibrosis and serum ACE levels and evaluated the predictive potential to diagnose significant liver fibrosis by comparison with several biochemical marker-based indexes such as the aspartate aminotransferase(AST)-to-platelet ratio index(APRI),the fibrosis index based on four factors(FIB-4),the Mac-2 binding protein glycosylation isomer(M2BPGi)level and the number of platelets(Plt). RESULTS Serum ACE levels showed moderately positive correlation with liver fibrotic stages(R2=0.181).Patients with significant,advanced fibrosis and cirrhosis(F2-4)had significantly higher serum ACE levels than those with early-stage fibrosis and cirrhosis(F0-1).For significant fibrosis(≥F2),the 12.8 U/L cut-off value of ACE showed 91.7%sensitivity and 75.0%specificity.The receiver-operating characteristic(ROC)curves analysis revealed that the area under the curve(AUC)value of ACE was 0.871,which was higher than that of APRI,FIB-4,M2BPGi and Plt. CONCLUSION The serum ACE level could be a novel noninvasive,easy,accurate,and inexpensive marker of significant fibrosis stage in patients with CHB.展开更多
AIM： To investigate the prevalence and clinical significance of ＂anti-HBc alone＂ in an unselected population of patients and employees of a university hospital in southern Germany. METHODS： All individuals with th...AIM： To investigate the prevalence and clinical significance of ＂anti-HBc alone＂ in an unselected population of patients and employees of a university hospital in southern Germany. METHODS： All individuals with the pattern ＂anti-HBc alone＂ were registered over a time span of 82 mo. HBVDNA was measured in serum and liver samples, and clinical charts were reviewed. RESULTS： Five hundred and fifty two individuals were ＂anti-HBc alone＂ （of 3004 anti-HBc positive individuals; 18.4%）, and this pattern affected males （20.5%） more often than females （15.3%; P〈0.001）. HBV-DNA was detected in serum of 44 of 545 ＂anti-HBc alone＂ individuals （8.1%）, and in paraffin embedded liver tissue in 16 of 39 patients tested （41.0%）. There was no association between the detection of HBV genomes and the presence of biochemical, ultrasonic or histological signs of liver damage. Thirty-eight ＂anti-HBc alone＂ patients with cirrhosis or primary liver carcinoma had at least one additional risk factor. HCV-coinfection was present in 20.4% of all individuals with ＂anti-HBc alone＂ and was the only factor associated with a worse clinical outcome. CONCLUSION： In an HBV low prevalence area, no evidence is found that HBV alone causes severe liver damage in individuals with ＂anti-HBc alone＂. Recommendations for the management of these individuals are given.展开更多
文摘Background:Hepatitis B virus(HBV)infection is prevalent in sub-Saharan Africa,including Nigeria,and is frequently observed in individuals co-infected with human immunodeficiency virus(HIV).Objective:This study aims to evaluate the prevalence of serological markers for hepatitis B virus and identify the associated risk factors among women with HIV undergoing highly active antiretroviral therapy(HAART)in Ogun State,Nigeria.Methods:Ethical approval was obtained from the Babcock University Health Research Ethics Committee(BUHREC)to recruit a total of 110 adult women infected with HIV,receiving treatment at the HIV clinics of Babcock University Teaching Hospital(BUTH)in Ilishan-Remo and General Hospital in Ijebu-Ode,both located in Ogun State,Nigeria.The participants’HIV status were confirmed using three rapid diagnostic kits:Determine(Abbott Laboratories,Tokyo,Japan),Unigold HIV(Trinity Biotech Plc Bray,Co.Wicklow,Ireland),and 1/2 Stat Pak(Abbott Laboratories,Tokyo,Japan)(Chembio Diagnostic Systems,New York,USA).Additionally,an HBV 5 in 1 Panel manufactured by Innovation Biotechnology Co.,Ltd in Beijing,China,was employed to detect HBV markers qualitatively in serum samples.Results:Out of the 110 subjects that voluntarily participated in the study,4(3.6%)tested positive for HBsAg,2(1.8%)tested positive for HBsAb,81(73.6%)tested positive for HBeAg,3(2.7%)tested positive for HBeAb,and 65(59.1%)tested positive for HBcAb.There was no significant correlation between the occurrence of HBsAg and the socio-demographic characteristics of the participants(P>0.05).Various risk factors were identified,including lack of knowledge about HBV,absence of HBV vaccination history,history of blood transfusion,organ transplant,and engaging in unprotected sex,among others.Conclusion:The findings highlight the presence of HBV infection among HIV-positive women undergoing HAART in Ogun State,Nigeria,particularly within the age groups of 18–25 years and 26–30 years.These results emphasize the necessity for continuous and targeted public health interventions among this specific population.
基金Supported by the Key Project from Beijing Municipal Science and Technology Commission(D121100003912003)
文摘Objectives To investigate the positive rate of different hepatitis B virus （HBV） serological markers, and the demographic factors related to HBV infection. Methods We enrolled all patients tested for HBV serological markers, such as HBV surface antigen （HBsAg）, HBV surface antibody （HBsAb）, hepatitis B e antigen （HBeAg）, hepatitis B e antibody （HBeAb）, HBV core antibody （HBcAb）, and HBV-DNA from July 2008 to July 2009 in Peking Union Medical College Hospital. The positive rate of each HBV serological marker was calculated according to gender, age, and department, respectively. The positive rates of HBV-DNA among patients with positive HBsAg were also analyzed. Results Among 27 409 samples included, 2681 （9.8%） were HBsAg positive. When patients were divided into 9 age groups, the age-specific positive rate of HBsAg was 1.2%, 9.6%, 12.3%, 10.9%, 10.3%, 9.7%, 8.0%, 5.8%, and 4.3%, respectively. The positive rate of HBsAg in non-surgical department, surgical department, and health examination center was 16.2%, 5.8%, and 4.7%, respectively. The positive rate of HBsAg of males （13.3%） was higher than that of females （7.3%, P=0.000）. Among the 2681 HBsAg （＋） patients, 1230 （45.9%） had HBV-DNA test, of whom 564 （45.9%） were positive. Patients with HBsAg （＋）, HBeAg （＋）, and HBcAg （＋） result usually had high positive rate of HBV-DNA results （71.8%, P=0.000）. Conclusions Among this group of patients in our hospital, the positive rate of HBsAg was relatively high. Age group of 20-29, males, and patients in non-surgical departments were factors associated with high positive rate of HBsAg.
基金Chinese Foundation for Hepatitis Prevention and Control—Tian-Qing Liver Disease Research Fund Subject,No.TQGB20200118.
文摘BACKGROUND Previous studies have suggested that the costimulatory molecule 4-1BB plays pivotal roles in regulating immunity during chronic viral infection.However,up to now,there are few studies about 4-1BB in chronic hepatitis B(CHB).AIM To clarify this issue,we report our comprehensive study results on the expression levels of 4-1BB in patients with CHB.METHODS From September 2018 to June 2019,a total of 64 patients with CHB were recruited from the Department of Hepatology,The First Hospital of Jilin University.Peripheral blood samples were collected from 52 treatment-naïve and 12 entecavir-treated patients with CHB as well as 37 healthy donors(including 24 healthy adults and 13 healthy children).The levels of soluble 4-1BB(s4-1BB)in plasma were measured by ELISA.4-1BB mRNA expression in peripheral blood mononuclear cells was detected by real-time quantitative PCR.RESULTS The s4-1BB levels in the plasma of patients with CHB were significantly higher than those in healthy adults(94.390±7.393 ng/mL vs 8.875±0.914 ng/mL,P<0.001).In addition,the s4-1BB level in plasma was significantly increased in patients with a higher viral load and a disease flare up.However,there were no significant differences between treatment-naïve and entecavir-treated patients.Interestingly,among treatment-naïve patients with CHB,the levels of s4-1BB in plasma had a significant positive correlation with hepatitis B surface antigen,hepatitis B virus DNA,hepatitis B e antigen,and triglyceride levels(r=0.748,P<0.001;r=0.406,P=0.004;r=0.356,P=0.019 and r=-0.469,P=0.007,respectively).The 4-1BB mRNA expression was higher in the peripheral blood mononuclear cells of patients with CHB than in the peripheral blood mononuclear cells of healthy adults,but the difference was not statistically significant.CONCLUSION These results suggest that the levels of s4-1BB may be associated with pathogenesis of hepatitis B virus and therefore may be a promising biomarker for disease progression.
文摘In order to compare sensitivity of EIA and RIA assay kits for hepatitis B and C virus (HBV and HCV, respectively) infection markers, 100 serum samples in total were collected form 50 adult women each in urban and rural areas in northeast China. The number of positive cases to the three infection markers on HBV (i.e., HBsAg +, anti HBs +, and anti HBc +) and the one on HCV (anti HCV +) were examined in two laboratories, i.e., in Laboratory A with EIA kits produced in China and in Laboratory B with RIA kits. HCV infection positivity (anti HCV +) was examined by EIA kits in both laboratories, but from different sources in and outside of China, respectively. The assay in Laboratory A gave 2 HBsAg + cases out of the 100 cases examined, whereas there were 9 positive cases in Laboratory B. In contrast, 19 cases were positive to anti HCV when examined in Laboratory A, and there were 3 cases in Laboratory B. Thus, the kits used in Laboratory A gave fewer HBsAg + and more anti HCV + cases than the kits used in Laboratory B. The prevalence of anti HBs + or anti HBc + and cases did not differ when assayed in the two laboratories with EIA and RIA kits, respectively. The agreement of positive and negative findings between the two sets of testing were 93%, 93%, 93%, 86% and 82% for HBsAg, anti HBs, anti HBc, HBV (i.e., either positive to anyone of the three markers or negative to all three markers), and anti HCV, respectively. The implication of the observation on epidemiology on HBV and HCV infection prevalence was discussed.
文摘AIM： To investigate the safety and efficacy of the formulation HD-03/ES capsules in the management of patients with chronic hepatitis B infection.METHODS： A total of 25 patients were recruited to the study and were given HD-03/ES, two capsules twice daily for six months. Clinical assessment of symptoms and signs were done using the ＂clinical observation table＂ once a month before and after the treatment. Biochemical investigations of total bilirubin, ALT, AST, serum protein for liver function tests were done every month after initiating treatment. Serum was analyzed for HBV markers for HBsAg, HBeAg and HBV DNA at baseline, 4 and 6 mo alter therapy using ELISA kits from Roche.RESULTS： After 6 mo of therapy with HD-03/ES, a significant reduction of ALT values from 66.5 ± 11.1 to 39.1 ± 5.2 （P 〈 0.01） and a significant HBsAg loss （52%, P 〈 0.001）, HBeAg loss （60%, P 〈 0.05） and HBV DNA loss （60%, P 〈 0.05） was observed. Adverse effects were mild and never warranted withdrawal of the drug.CONCLUSION： The results of this pilot study indicate that HD-03/ES might be a safe and effective treatment for chronic hepatitis B infection and a long-term multicentric comparator trial is warranted and under way.
文摘目的了解癌症患者乙型肝炎病毒(hepatitis B virus,HBV)的感染状态和感染特点。方法回顾性分析2017年7月26日至2023年9月18日于广西医科大学附属肿瘤医院确诊的92031例癌症患者的HBV血清标志物检测结果,以肝癌、非肝癌进行分组,比较未感染(全阴或Anti-HBs阳性)、感染(除外Anti-HBs任何一项阳性)、隐性感染(occult hepatitis B virus infection,OBI;HBsAg阴性、血清或肝组织HBV DNA阳性)的占比。结果92031例癌症患者的HBV总感染率为73.75%(67876/92031),其中肝癌患者的HBV总感染率为97.65%(8922/9137),非肝癌患者的HBV总感染率为71.12%(58954/82894),肝癌组的普通感染率和OBI率均显著高于非肝癌组(均P<0.001)。肝癌组HBV血清标志物中HBsAg、HBeAg、Anti-HBe、Anti-HBc的阳性率明显高于非肝癌组(均P<0.001),但Anti-HBs的阳性率低于非肝癌组(P<0.001)。肝癌组和非肝癌组分别有20种和27种血清标志物组合模式,其中14种模式构成比在两组间差异有统计学意义(均P<0.001);两组均有7种OBI血清组合模式,其中5种模式构成比在两组间的差异有统计学意义(均P<0.05)。结论癌症患者HBV感染状态和血清学组合模式复杂,区分肝癌与非肝癌进行HBV感染统计更利于癌症患者的HBV感染评估。
文摘The goal of this review is to provide a comprehensive picture of the role,clinical applications and future perspectives of the most widely used non-invasive techniques for the evaluation of hepatitis B virus(HBV)infection.During the past decade many non-invasive methods have been developed to reduce the need for liver biopsy in staging fibrosis and to overcome whenever possible its limitations,mainly:invasiveness,costs,low reproducibility,poor acceptance by patients.Elastographic techniques conceived to assess liver stiffness,in particular transient elastography,and the most commonly used biological markers will be assessed against their respective role and limitations in staging hepatic fibrosis.Recent evidence highlights that both liver stiffness and some bio-chemical markers correlatewith survival and major clinical end-points such as liver decompensation,development of hepatocellular carcinoma and portal hypertension.Thus the non-invasive techniques here discussed can play a major role in the management of patients with chronic HBV-related hepatitis.Given their prognostic value,transient elastography and some bio-chemical markers can be used to better categorize patients with advanced fibrosis and cirrhosis and assign them to different classes of risk for clinically relevant outcomes.Very recent data indicates that the combined measurements of liver and spleen stiffness enable the reliable prediction of portal hypertension and esophageal varices development.
基金Supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China,No.81160352The Health Bureau of Yunnan Province,No.D-201203(in part)+2 种基金The Science and Technology Department of Yunnan Province,No.2013HB084(in part)Special fund of Science and Technology Department of Yunnan Province,No.2012WS0072(in part)and The Hospital Science Foundation of the First People’s Hospital of Yunnan Province(2007)(in part)
文摘Hepatitis B virus(HBV)belongs to the genus Orthohepadnavirus of the Hepadnaviridae family and is approximately 3.2 kb in length.Owing to a lack of proofreading capacity during reverse transcription and a high replication rate,HBV exhibits as quasispecies.To detect the genetic mutations of HBV,many methods with different sensitivities and throughputs were developed.According to documentary records,HBV mutation and evolution were important vial parameters in predicting disease progression and therapeutic outcome.In this review,we separately discussed the correlation between HBV genomic mutations in four open reading frames and liver disease progression.Since some of the results were controversial from different laboratories,it remains to be seen whether functional analyses will confirm their role in modifying the course of infection.
基金Supported by the Interdisciplinary Center for Clinical Research(IZKF) of the University of Erlangen-Nuernberg, Germany
文摘To evaluate prospectively 4 selected serum fibrosis markers （tenascin, hyaluronan, collagen Ⅵ, TIMP-1） before, during and 12 mo after IFN treatment of children with chronic hepatitis B. METHODS： Forty-seven consecutive patients with chronic hepatitis B （range 4-16 years, mean 8 years） underwent IFN treatment （3 MU tiw for 20 wk）. Fibrosis stage and inflammation grade were assessed in a blinded fashion before and 12 mo after end of treatment. Serum fibrosis markers were determined using automated assays.RESULTS： IFN treatment improved histological inflammation but did not change fibrosis in the whole group or in subgroups. Only hyaluronan correlated significantly with histological fibrosis（r = 0.3383, P = 0.022）. Basal fibrosis markers did not differ between responders （42.5%） and nonresponders（57.5%）. During IFN treatment only serum tenascin decreased significantly in the whole group and in nonresponders. When pretreatment values were compared to values 12 mo after therapy, TIMP-1 increased in all patients and in nonresponders, and hyaluronan decreased in all patients and in responders.CONCLUSION： Tenascin reflects hepatic fibrogenesis and inflammation which decreases during IFN treatment of children with chronic hepatitis B. TIMP-1 correlates with nonresponse and hyaluronan with histological fibrosis.
文摘目的研究探讨乙肝孕妇大三阳和小三阳状态中乙型肝炎病毒(Hepatitis B virus,HBV)DNA载量、肝功能指标、肝纤维化标志物含量及不同HBVDNA载量孕妇的肝功能水平。方法选取临清市人民医院于2020年1月—2023年1月收治的120例乙肝孕妇作为研究对象,根据乙肝两对半检测结果将其分为两组,即大三阳组(n=60)和小三阳组(n=60)。比较两组HBVDNA载量、肝功能指标、肝纤维化标志物含量及不同HBVDNA载量孕妇的肝功能指标、肝纤维化标志物含量。结果大三阳组丙氨酸转移酶水平(29.00±7.62)U/L、HBVDNA水平(5.18±1.16)×10^(4)U/mL均高于小三阳组的(26.00±2.85)U/L、(2.08±1.11)×10^(4)U/mL,差异有统计学意义(t=2.856、14.956,P均<0.05)。大三阳组的重组人几丁质酶3样蛋白1水平低于小三阳组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。伴随着HBVDNA载量上升,两组患者甲胎蛋白水平随之增加,但是在同等HBADNA载量下,两组甲胎蛋白水平比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论开展孕前抗乙肝病毒诊疗、孕期风险系数评估,采取科学有效的干预措施,均能够有效抑制乙肝在母婴中的传播。
文摘目的分析失代偿期乙型肝炎肝硬化患者血清HBV-DNA水平与乙型肝炎病毒标志物、生化及凝血等指标的相关性。方法回顾性分析2018年1月至2020年12月我院收治的645例失代偿期乙型肝炎肝硬化患者的临床资料,根据HBV-DNA水平分为4组:阴性组、低病毒载量组(<2.0×10^(3)IU/mL)、中病毒载量组(2.0×10^(3)~2.0×10^(5)IU/mL)和高病毒载量组(>105IU/mL),测定所有患者乙型肝炎病毒血清学标志物(HBV-M)、肝功能相关生化指标(ALT、AST、TBIL、DBIL、ALB)、凝血相关指标(PT、INR、APTT、TT、D-D、PLT),比较4组患者各项指标的差异,并分析各项指标与HBV-DNA水平的相关性。结果在失代偿期乙型肝炎肝硬化患者中,HBsAg和HBeAg的定量数值随着HBV-DNA水平的升高而增高,HBsAg的明显升高主要体现在HBV-DNA阴性组和低病毒载量组之间(779.40 vs 5773.00IU/mL),而HBeAg的表达在中病毒载量组(0.19 COI)和高病毒载量组(7.96 COI)中才出现显著升高,低病毒载量组的HBeAg阳性表达率较低。随着病毒载量的升高,患者的ALT、AST、TBIL、DBIL、D/T、AFP指标均有所升高,而ALB的水平降低;除TT存在显著性差异外,PT、APTT、INR、Fib、D-D、PLT这6个指标差异均无统计学意义。经Pearson相关性分析检验,失代偿期乙型肝炎肝硬化患者血清HBV-DNA水平与ALT、AST、TBIL、DBIL、AFP、PT、APTT、TT、D-D、HBsAg、HBeAg水平呈正相关(r>0,P均<0.05),与ALB、Fib水平呈负相关(r<0,P均<0.05),与PLT、HBeAb水平不存在相关性。结论在失代偿期乙型肝炎肝硬化患者中,血清HBV-DNA载量与HBsAg、HBeAg表达水平密切相关,与ALT、AST、TBIL、DBIL、D/T、ALB等肝功能相关生化指标相关,与凝血相关指标存在关联,但在不同HBV-DNA载量组中无差异。HBV-DNA载量可作为HBeAg阴性患者肝脏损害程度的有效预测指标。
基金supported by grants from the National Natural Science Foundation of China [81573212,81872677]Open Project Support by the State Key Laboratory of Infectious Disease Prevention and Control [2017SKLID306,2018SKLID310]
文摘Objective To investigate the relationship between maternal peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) hepatitis B virus(HBV) covalenty closed circular deoxyribonucleic acid(cccDNA) and other HBV serological markers and its effects on HBV intrauterine transmission. Methods We enrolled 290 newborns and their hepatitis B surface antigen(HBsAg) positive mothers. HBV cccDNA in PBMC and HBV DNA in serum were detected by a real‐time PCR‐TaqM an probe while HBV serological markers were detected with an electrochemiluminescence immunoassay. Results There was a positive correlation between the levels of PBMC HBV cccD NA and serum HBV DNA and HBeA g(r = 0.436 and 0.403, P < 0.001). The detection rate of pattern A [‘HBsA g(+), HBeA g(+), and anti‐HBc(+)’] was significantly higher in the PBMC HBV cccD NA positive group than in the control group(χ^2 = 48.48, P < 0.001). There was a significant association between HBV intrauterine transmission and PBMC HBV cccD NA(χ^2 = 9.28, P = 0.002). In the presence of serum HBV DNA, HBeA g, and PBMC HBV cccD NA, the risk of HBV intrauterine transmission was three times higher(OR = 3.69, 95% CI: 1.30‐10.42) than that observed in their absence. The risk of HBV intrauterine transmission was the greatest(OR = 5.89, 95% CI: 2.35‐14.72) when both PBMC HBV cccD NA and pattern A were present. A Bayesian network model showed that maternal PBMC HBV cccD NA was directly related to HBV intrauterine transmission. Conclusion PBMC HBV cccDNA may be a direct risk factor for HBV intrauterine transmission. Our study suggests that serological markers could be combined with PBMC‐related markers in prenatal testing.
文摘AIM To evaluate the diagnostic performance of angiotensinconverting enzyme(ACE)on significant liver fibrosis in patients with chronic hepatitis B(CHB). METHODS In total,100 patients with CHB who underwent liver biopsy in our hospital were enrolled,and 70 patients except for 30 patients with hypertension,fatty liver or habitual alcoholic consumption were analyzed.We compared histological liver fibrosis and serum ACE levels and evaluated the predictive potential to diagnose significant liver fibrosis by comparison with several biochemical marker-based indexes such as the aspartate aminotransferase(AST)-to-platelet ratio index(APRI),the fibrosis index based on four factors(FIB-4),the Mac-2 binding protein glycosylation isomer(M2BPGi)level and the number of platelets(Plt). RESULTS Serum ACE levels showed moderately positive correlation with liver fibrotic stages(R2=0.181).Patients with significant,advanced fibrosis and cirrhosis(F2-4)had significantly higher serum ACE levels than those with early-stage fibrosis and cirrhosis(F0-1).For significant fibrosis(≥F2),the 12.8 U/L cut-off value of ACE showed 91.7%sensitivity and 75.0%specificity.The receiver-operating characteristic(ROC)curves analysis revealed that the area under the curve(AUC)value of ACE was 0.871,which was higher than that of APRI,FIB-4,M2BPGi and Plt. CONCLUSION The serum ACE level could be a novel noninvasive,easy,accurate,and inexpensive marker of significant fibrosis stage in patients with CHB.
基金Supported by the University of Regensburg,Germany,HWP grant for Antje Knll
文摘AIM： To investigate the prevalence and clinical significance of ＂anti-HBc alone＂ in an unselected population of patients and employees of a university hospital in southern Germany. METHODS： All individuals with the pattern ＂anti-HBc alone＂ were registered over a time span of 82 mo. HBVDNA was measured in serum and liver samples, and clinical charts were reviewed. RESULTS： Five hundred and fifty two individuals were ＂anti-HBc alone＂ （of 3004 anti-HBc positive individuals; 18.4%）, and this pattern affected males （20.5%） more often than females （15.3%; P〈0.001）. HBV-DNA was detected in serum of 44 of 545 ＂anti-HBc alone＂ individuals （8.1%）, and in paraffin embedded liver tissue in 16 of 39 patients tested （41.0%）. There was no association between the detection of HBV genomes and the presence of biochemical, ultrasonic or histological signs of liver damage. Thirty-eight ＂anti-HBc alone＂ patients with cirrhosis or primary liver carcinoma had at least one additional risk factor. HCV-coinfection was present in 20.4% of all individuals with ＂anti-HBc alone＂ and was the only factor associated with a worse clinical outcome. CONCLUSION： In an HBV low prevalence area, no evidence is found that HBV alone causes severe liver damage in individuals with ＂anti-HBc alone＂. Recommendations for the management of these individuals are given.
