[Objectives] This study was conducted to screen the temperature index most suitable for identification of cold tolerance in bitter gourd( Momordica charantia L.) at bud and seedling stages. [Methods]With six different...[Objectives] This study was conducted to screen the temperature index most suitable for identification of cold tolerance in bitter gourd( Momordica charantia L.) at bud and seedling stages. [Methods]With six different bitter gourd germplasms as experimental materials,the cold tolerance at bud and seedling stages were identified and evaluated. [Results]At 18 ℃,the largest change range of germination potential among different germplasms was 11. 3%-96. 0%,and the largest change range of germination rate was 13. 3%-100. 0%; and the six germplasms could be divided into three grades of cold tolerance. Therefore,18 ℃is an ideal temperature for the identification of cold tolerance in bitter gourd germplasms at bud stage. At 20 ℃,the cold tolerance in bitter gourd germplasms at bud stage could also be divided into three grades,and the change ranges of germination potential and germination rate were larger than 50. 0%,so 20 ℃ could serve as the candidate temperature for the identification of cold tolerance in bitter gourd germplasms at bud stage. After 1 d of treatment at 6 ℃,the six bitter gourd germplasms could be divided into three grades,and the cold injury index had the largest range of 20. 31-84. 38 and could serve as the temperature index for the identification of cold tolerance in bitter gourd at seedling stage. [Conclusions] This study will provide reference for the identification of cold tolerance in bitter gourd at bud stage and seedling stage.展开更多
Fusarium wilt seriously affects the yield and quality of Momordica charantia L.Breeding resistant varieties is the most economical and effective measure to control Fusarium wilt in M.charantia L.This study had compreh...Fusarium wilt seriously affects the yield and quality of Momordica charantia L.Breeding resistant varieties is the most economical and effective measure to control Fusarium wilt in M.charantia L.This study had comprehensively conducted pathogen identification of Fusarium wilt,resistance evaluation of M.charantia L.germplasm to Fusarium wilt,and genetic analysis of Fusarium wilt resistance in M.charantia L.,so as to provide reference for breeding resistant varieties and accelerating the breeding process.展开更多
With andromonoecious<i><span> Momordica charantia </span></i><span>L.</span><span> </span><span>(bitter gourd) as material, three light qualities</span><s...With andromonoecious<i><span> Momordica charantia </span></i><span>L.</span><span> </span><span>(bitter gourd) as material, three light qualities</span><span> </span><span>(50 μmol·m</span><sup><span style="vertical-align:super;">-2</span></sup><span>·s</span><sup><span style="vertical-align:super;">-1</span></sup><span>) including white LED light</span><span> </span><span>(WL), blue monochromatic light (B,</span><span> </span><span>465 nm), and red monochromatic light (R, 650 nm) were carried out to investigate their effects on seed germination, physiological and biochemical parameters, sex differentiation and photosynthetic characteristics of bitter gourd. The results showed that compared to the WL treatment, the R treatment significantly promoted seed germination, seedling height elongation and soluble sugar content, the B treatment significantly increased seedling stem diameter, reducing sugar content and soluble protein content, the R and B treatments both significantly reduced sucrose content, but their POD activity showed no significant difference. Compared with the R treatment, the B treatment significantly increased the total female flower number and female flower nod ratio in 30 nods of main stems. The study of photosynthetic characteristics found that the R and B treatments could effectively increase the </span><span>stomata</span><span>l conductance (GS) of leaves, significantly improved the net photosynthetic rate</span><span> </span><span>(Pn) compared to the WL treatment, and the effect of the B treatment was better. Compared to the R and WL treatments, the B treatment increased the maximum photosynthetic rate (P</span><sub><span style="vertical-align:sub;">max</span></sub><span>),</span><span> </span><span>apparent quantum efficiency</span><span> </span><span>(AQE) and light saturation point</span><span> </span><span>(LSP), and reduced the dark respiration rate (Rd) and light compensation point</span><span> </span><span>(LCP) of the leaves. Fit light response curves showed that the adaptability and utilization of weak light in bitter gourd were middle or below, but it showed higher adaptability and utilization of strong light. Thus, it suggests that </span><i><span>Momordica charantia</span></i><span> is a typical sun plan with lower Rd. In summary, it is concluded that blue light has a positive effect on the seed germination, seedling growth, sex differentiation and improving the photosynthetic performance, and this will lay the foundation for artificially regulating optimum photosynthesis using specific LEDs wavelength, and help to elucidate the relationship how light quality influences the sex differentiation of plant.</span>展开更多
Obesity has been found to be associated with increased incidence of various metabolic disorders. Anti-obesity interventions are therefore urgently needed. An earlier study has demonstrated that treatment with an herba...Obesity has been found to be associated with increased incidence of various metabolic disorders. Anti-obesity interventions are therefore urgently needed. An earlier study has demonstrated that treatment with an herbal formula MCC, which comprises the fruit of Momordica charantia (MC), the pericarpium of Citri reticulate (CR) and L-carnitine (CA), reduced the weight gain in high fat diet (HFD)-fed mice. In the present study, we investigated the effect of long-term treatment with MCC (6 g/kg/day × 40 doses) and various combinations of its constituents in HFD-fed female ICR mice. Body weight change was monitored during the course of the experiment. Total and differential adiposity, plasma lipid contents, metabolic enzyme activities and mitochondrial coupling efficiency in skeletal muscle were measured. Glucose homeostasis was also assessed. Results showed that HFD increased the body weight, total and differential adiposity, and plasma lipid contents as well as impaired metabolic status in skeletal muscle and glucose homeostasis. MCC and all combinations of its constituents reduced the weight gain in HFD-fed mice, which was accompanied with an improvement on glucose homeostasis. While MC, CA and CR independently suppressed the HFD-induced weight gain in mice, MC seems to be the most effective in weight reduction, all of which correlated with the induction of mitochondrial uncoupling in skeletal muscle. Only CA and CR, but not MC, significantly reduced the total adiposity and visceral adiposity as well as plasma cholesterol level. However, the two component combinations, MC + CR and MC + CA, decreased the degree of visceral adiposity and plasma cholesterol level, respectively. MCC treatment at 1.5 g/kg (but not a higher dose of 6 g/kg) suppressed visceral adiposity and induced mitochondrial uncoupling in skeletal muscle in HFD-fed mice. The finding suggests that MCC may offer a promising prospect for ameliorating the diet-induced obesity and metabolic disorders in humans.展开更多
Obesity is a risk factor for metabolic disorders, with its prevalence being increased in the world over the past several decades. Therapeutical interventions for obesity are thus urgently needed. In the present study,...Obesity is a risk factor for metabolic disorders, with its prevalence being increased in the world over the past several decades. Therapeutical interventions for obesity are thus urgently needed. In the present study, we investigated the effect of long-term treatment (0.51 and 5.1 g/kg/day, 5 days per week for a total of 40 doses) with an herbal formula MCC [which comprises the fruit of Momordica charantia (MC), the pericarpium of Citri reticulata and L-carnitine] in normal diet (ND) and high fat diet (HFD)-fed female ICR mice. Body weight change was monitored during the course of the experiment. Fat pad indices, plasma glucose and lipid contents, as well as metabolic enzyme activities and mitochondrial coupling efficiency in skeletal muscle were measured at 24 hours after the last dosing. Results showed that HFD increased the body weight, fat pad indices, plasma glucose and lipid contents as well as β-hydroxyacyl-Co A dehydrogenase (β-HAD) and carnitine palmitoyl CoA transferase (CPT) activities in skeletal muscle. However, the phosphofructokinase (PFK) activity was decreased in skeletal muscle. MCC treatment reduced the HFD-induced increases in body weight, fat pad indices and plasma lipid contents. MCC treatment only partially reversed the HFD-induced changes in β-HAD and CPT activities, but did not restore the HFD-induced decrease in PFK activity. MCC did not alter the plasma glucose level and mitochondrial coupling efficiency in skeletal muscle of ND and HFD-fed mice. Since MCC formula did not increase activities of energy metabolic enzymes or induce mitochondrial uncoupling, the weight loss effect of MCC is likely related to the reduction of intestinal lipid absorption in HFD-fed mice.展开更多
文摘[Objectives] This study was conducted to screen the temperature index most suitable for identification of cold tolerance in bitter gourd( Momordica charantia L.) at bud and seedling stages. [Methods]With six different bitter gourd germplasms as experimental materials,the cold tolerance at bud and seedling stages were identified and evaluated. [Results]At 18 ℃,the largest change range of germination potential among different germplasms was 11. 3%-96. 0%,and the largest change range of germination rate was 13. 3%-100. 0%; and the six germplasms could be divided into three grades of cold tolerance. Therefore,18 ℃is an ideal temperature for the identification of cold tolerance in bitter gourd germplasms at bud stage. At 20 ℃,the cold tolerance in bitter gourd germplasms at bud stage could also be divided into three grades,and the change ranges of germination potential and germination rate were larger than 50. 0%,so 20 ℃ could serve as the candidate temperature for the identification of cold tolerance in bitter gourd germplasms at bud stage. After 1 d of treatment at 6 ℃,the six bitter gourd germplasms could be divided into three grades,and the cold injury index had the largest range of 20. 31-84. 38 and could serve as the temperature index for the identification of cold tolerance in bitter gourd at seedling stage. [Conclusions] This study will provide reference for the identification of cold tolerance in bitter gourd at bud stage and seedling stage.
基金Supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.31601758)Financial Fund of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,P.R.of China(NFZX2018)Innovation Team Project of Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences(1630032017027)
文摘Fusarium wilt seriously affects the yield and quality of Momordica charantia L.Breeding resistant varieties is the most economical and effective measure to control Fusarium wilt in M.charantia L.This study had comprehensively conducted pathogen identification of Fusarium wilt,resistance evaluation of M.charantia L.germplasm to Fusarium wilt,and genetic analysis of Fusarium wilt resistance in M.charantia L.,so as to provide reference for breeding resistant varieties and accelerating the breeding process.
文摘With andromonoecious<i><span> Momordica charantia </span></i><span>L.</span><span> </span><span>(bitter gourd) as material, three light qualities</span><span> </span><span>(50 μmol·m</span><sup><span style="vertical-align:super;">-2</span></sup><span>·s</span><sup><span style="vertical-align:super;">-1</span></sup><span>) including white LED light</span><span> </span><span>(WL), blue monochromatic light (B,</span><span> </span><span>465 nm), and red monochromatic light (R, 650 nm) were carried out to investigate their effects on seed germination, physiological and biochemical parameters, sex differentiation and photosynthetic characteristics of bitter gourd. The results showed that compared to the WL treatment, the R treatment significantly promoted seed germination, seedling height elongation and soluble sugar content, the B treatment significantly increased seedling stem diameter, reducing sugar content and soluble protein content, the R and B treatments both significantly reduced sucrose content, but their POD activity showed no significant difference. Compared with the R treatment, the B treatment significantly increased the total female flower number and female flower nod ratio in 30 nods of main stems. The study of photosynthetic characteristics found that the R and B treatments could effectively increase the </span><span>stomata</span><span>l conductance (GS) of leaves, significantly improved the net photosynthetic rate</span><span> </span><span>(Pn) compared to the WL treatment, and the effect of the B treatment was better. Compared to the R and WL treatments, the B treatment increased the maximum photosynthetic rate (P</span><sub><span style="vertical-align:sub;">max</span></sub><span>),</span><span> </span><span>apparent quantum efficiency</span><span> </span><span>(AQE) and light saturation point</span><span> </span><span>(LSP), and reduced the dark respiration rate (Rd) and light compensation point</span><span> </span><span>(LCP) of the leaves. Fit light response curves showed that the adaptability and utilization of weak light in bitter gourd were middle or below, but it showed higher adaptability and utilization of strong light. Thus, it suggests that </span><i><span>Momordica charantia</span></i><span> is a typical sun plan with lower Rd. In summary, it is concluded that blue light has a positive effect on the seed germination, seedling growth, sex differentiation and improving the photosynthetic performance, and this will lay the foundation for artificially regulating optimum photosynthesis using specific LEDs wavelength, and help to elucidate the relationship how light quality influences the sex differentiation of plant.</span>
文摘Obesity has been found to be associated with increased incidence of various metabolic disorders. Anti-obesity interventions are therefore urgently needed. An earlier study has demonstrated that treatment with an herbal formula MCC, which comprises the fruit of Momordica charantia (MC), the pericarpium of Citri reticulate (CR) and L-carnitine (CA), reduced the weight gain in high fat diet (HFD)-fed mice. In the present study, we investigated the effect of long-term treatment with MCC (6 g/kg/day × 40 doses) and various combinations of its constituents in HFD-fed female ICR mice. Body weight change was monitored during the course of the experiment. Total and differential adiposity, plasma lipid contents, metabolic enzyme activities and mitochondrial coupling efficiency in skeletal muscle were measured. Glucose homeostasis was also assessed. Results showed that HFD increased the body weight, total and differential adiposity, and plasma lipid contents as well as impaired metabolic status in skeletal muscle and glucose homeostasis. MCC and all combinations of its constituents reduced the weight gain in HFD-fed mice, which was accompanied with an improvement on glucose homeostasis. While MC, CA and CR independently suppressed the HFD-induced weight gain in mice, MC seems to be the most effective in weight reduction, all of which correlated with the induction of mitochondrial uncoupling in skeletal muscle. Only CA and CR, but not MC, significantly reduced the total adiposity and visceral adiposity as well as plasma cholesterol level. However, the two component combinations, MC + CR and MC + CA, decreased the degree of visceral adiposity and plasma cholesterol level, respectively. MCC treatment at 1.5 g/kg (but not a higher dose of 6 g/kg) suppressed visceral adiposity and induced mitochondrial uncoupling in skeletal muscle in HFD-fed mice. The finding suggests that MCC may offer a promising prospect for ameliorating the diet-induced obesity and metabolic disorders in humans.
基金The authors would like to thank Dr. WANG Xiao-rong and DENG Qun-xian for their help in the tests. This study was supported by the Education Bureau Science Foundation of Sichuan Province （No. 2005A003） and the Sichuan Agricultural University Science Foundation （No. 3305）.
文摘Obesity is a risk factor for metabolic disorders, with its prevalence being increased in the world over the past several decades. Therapeutical interventions for obesity are thus urgently needed. In the present study, we investigated the effect of long-term treatment (0.51 and 5.1 g/kg/day, 5 days per week for a total of 40 doses) with an herbal formula MCC [which comprises the fruit of Momordica charantia (MC), the pericarpium of Citri reticulata and L-carnitine] in normal diet (ND) and high fat diet (HFD)-fed female ICR mice. Body weight change was monitored during the course of the experiment. Fat pad indices, plasma glucose and lipid contents, as well as metabolic enzyme activities and mitochondrial coupling efficiency in skeletal muscle were measured at 24 hours after the last dosing. Results showed that HFD increased the body weight, fat pad indices, plasma glucose and lipid contents as well as β-hydroxyacyl-Co A dehydrogenase (β-HAD) and carnitine palmitoyl CoA transferase (CPT) activities in skeletal muscle. However, the phosphofructokinase (PFK) activity was decreased in skeletal muscle. MCC treatment reduced the HFD-induced increases in body weight, fat pad indices and plasma lipid contents. MCC treatment only partially reversed the HFD-induced changes in β-HAD and CPT activities, but did not restore the HFD-induced decrease in PFK activity. MCC did not alter the plasma glucose level and mitochondrial coupling efficiency in skeletal muscle of ND and HFD-fed mice. Since MCC formula did not increase activities of energy metabolic enzymes or induce mitochondrial uncoupling, the weight loss effect of MCC is likely related to the reduction of intestinal lipid absorption in HFD-fed mice.
