In this paper, we focus on the power allocation of Integrated Sensing and Communication(ISAC) with orthogonal frequency division multiplexing(OFDM) waveform. In order to improve the spectrum utilization efficiency in ...In this paper, we focus on the power allocation of Integrated Sensing and Communication(ISAC) with orthogonal frequency division multiplexing(OFDM) waveform. In order to improve the spectrum utilization efficiency in ISAC, we propose a design scheme based on spectrum sharing, that is,to maximize the mutual information(MI) of radar sensing while ensuring certain communication rate and transmission power constraints. In the proposed scheme, three cases are considered for the scattering off the target due to the communication signals,as negligible signal, beneficial signal, and interference signal to radar sensing, respectively, thus requiring three power allocation schemes. However,the corresponding power allocation schemes are nonconvex and their closed-form solutions are unavailable as a consequence. Motivated by this, alternating optimization(AO), sequence convex programming(SCP) and Lagrange multiplier are individually combined for three suboptimal solutions corresponding with three power allocation schemes. By combining the three algorithms, we transform the non-convex problem which is difficult to deal with into a convex problem which is easy to solve and obtain the suboptimal solution of the corresponding optimization problem. Numerical results show that, compared with the allocation results of the existing algorithms, the proposed joint design algorithm significantly improves the radar performance.展开更多
We study the construction of mutually unbiased bases in Hilbert space for composite dimensions d which are not prime powers.We explore the results for composite dimensions which are true for prime power dimensions.We ...We study the construction of mutually unbiased bases in Hilbert space for composite dimensions d which are not prime powers.We explore the results for composite dimensions which are true for prime power dimensions.We then provide a method for selecting mutually unbiased vectors from the eigenvectors of generalized Pauli matrices to construct mutually unbiased bases.In particular,we present four mutually unbiased bases in C^(15).展开更多
In this paper,we innovatively associate the mutual information with the frame error rate(FER)performance and propose novel quantized decoders for polar codes.Based on the optimal quantizer of binary-input discrete mem...In this paper,we innovatively associate the mutual information with the frame error rate(FER)performance and propose novel quantized decoders for polar codes.Based on the optimal quantizer of binary-input discrete memoryless channels(BDMCs),the proposed decoders quantize the virtual subchannels of polar codes to maximize mutual information(MMI)between source bits and quantized symbols.The nested structure of polar codes ensures that the MMI quantization can be implemented stage by stage.Simulation results show that the proposed MMI decoders with 4 quantization bits outperform the existing nonuniform quantized decoders that minimize mean-squared error(MMSE)with 4 quantization bits,and yield even better performance than uniform MMI quantized decoders with 5 quantization bits.Furthermore,the proposed 5-bit quantized MMI decoders approach the floating-point decoders with negligible performance loss.展开更多
This study aims to develop an analytical model based on the curve beam theory to capture the mechanical response of a multihelix cable considering the internal contact displacements.Accordingly,a double-helix cable su...This study aims to develop an analytical model based on the curve beam theory to capture the mechanical response of a multihelix cable considering the internal contact displacements.Accordingly,a double-helix cable subjected to axial tension and torsion is analyzed,and both the line and point contacts between the neighboring wires and strands are considered via an equivalent homogenized approach.Then,the proposed theoretical model is extended to a hierarchical multihelix cable with mutual contact displacements by constructing a recursive relationship between the high-and low-level multihelix structures.The global tensile stiffness and torsional stiffness of the double-helix cable are successfully evaluated.The results are validated by a finite element(FE)model,and are found to be consistent with the findings of previous studies.It is shown that the contact deformations in multihelix cables significantly affect their equivalent mechanical stiffness,and the contact displacements are remarkably enhanced as the helix angles increase.This study provides insights into the interwire/interstrand mutual contact effects on global and local responses.展开更多
Object detection in unmanned aerial vehicle(UAV)aerial images has become increasingly important in military and civil applications.General object detection models are not robust enough against interclass similarity an...Object detection in unmanned aerial vehicle(UAV)aerial images has become increasingly important in military and civil applications.General object detection models are not robust enough against interclass similarity and intraclass variability of small objects,and UAV-specific nuisances such as uncontrolledweather conditions.Unlike previous approaches focusing on high-level semantic information,we report the importance of underlying features to improve detection accuracy and robustness fromthe information-theoretic perspective.Specifically,we propose a robust and discriminative feature learning approach through mutual information maximization(RD-MIM),which can be integrated into numerous object detection methods for aerial images.Firstly,we present the rank sample mining method to reduce underlying feature differences between the natural image domain and the aerial image domain.Then,we design a momentum contrast learning strategy to make object features similar to the same category and dissimilar to different categories.Finally,we construct a transformer-based global attention mechanism to boost object location semantics by leveraging the high interrelation of different receptive fields.We conduct extensive experiments on the VisDrone and Unmanned Aerial Vehicle Benchmark Object Detection and Tracking(UAVDT)datasets to prove the effectiveness of the proposed method.The experimental results show that our approach brings considerable robustness gains to basic detectors and advanced detection methods,achieving relative growth rates of 51.0%and 39.4%in corruption robustness,respectively.Our code is available at https://github.com/cq100/RD-MIM(accessed on 2 August 2024).展开更多
From a medical perspective,the 12 leads of the heart in an electrocardiogram(ECG)signal have functional dependencies with each other.Therefore,all these leads report different aspects of an arrhythmia.Their difference...From a medical perspective,the 12 leads of the heart in an electrocardiogram(ECG)signal have functional dependencies with each other.Therefore,all these leads report different aspects of an arrhythmia.Their differences lie in the level of highlighting and displaying information about that arrhythmia.For example,although all leads show traces of atrial excitation,this function is more evident in lead II than in any other lead.In this article,a new model was proposed using ECG functional and structural dependencies between heart leads.In the prescreening stage,the ECG signals are segmented from the QRS point so that further analyzes can be performed on these segments in a more detailed manner.The mutual information indices were used to assess the relationship between leads.In order to calculate mutual information,the correlation between the 12 ECG leads has been calculated.The output of this step is a matrix containing all mutual information.Furthermore,to calculate the structural information of ECG signals,a capsule neural network was implemented to aid physicians in the automatic classification of cardiac arrhythmias.The architecture of this capsule neural network has been modified to perform the classification task.In the experimental results section,the proposed model was used to classify arrhythmias in ECG signals from the Chapman dataset.Numerical evaluations showed that this model has a precision of 97.02%,recall of 96.13%,F1-score of 96.57%and accuracy of 97.38%,indicating acceptable performance compared to other state-of-the-art methods.The proposed method shows an average accuracy of 2%superiority over similar works.展开更多
This study endeavors to formulate a comprehensive methodology for establishing a Geological Knowledge Base(GKB)tailored to fracture-cavity reservoir outcrops within the North Tarim Basin.The acquisition of quantitativ...This study endeavors to formulate a comprehensive methodology for establishing a Geological Knowledge Base(GKB)tailored to fracture-cavity reservoir outcrops within the North Tarim Basin.The acquisition of quantitative geological parameters was accomplished through diverse means such as outcrop observations,thin section studies,unmanned aerial vehicle scanning,and high-resolution cameras.Subsequently,a three-dimensional digital outcrop model was generated,and the parameters were standardized.An assessment of traditional geological knowledge was conducted to delineate the knowledge framework,content,and system of the GKB.The basic parameter knowledge was extracted using multiscale fine characterization techniques,including core statistics,field observations,and microscopic thin section analysis.Key mechanism knowledge was identified by integrating trace elements from filling,isotope geochemical tests,and water-rock simulation experiments.Significant representational knowledge was then extracted by employing various methods such as multiple linear regression,neural network technology,and discriminant classification.Subsequently,an analogy study was performed on the karst fracture-cavity system(KFCS)in both outcrop and underground reservoir settings.The results underscored several key findings:(1)Utilization of a diverse range of techniques,including outcrop observations,core statistics,unmanned aerial vehicle scanning,high-resolution cameras,thin section analysis,and electron scanning imaging,enabled the acquisition and standardization of data.This facilitated effective management and integration of geological parameter data from multiple sources and scales.(2)The GKB for fracture-cavity reservoir outcrops,encompassing basic parameter knowledge,key mechanism knowledge,and significant representational knowledge,provides robust data support and systematic geological insights for the intricate and in-depth examination of the genetic mechanisms of fracture-cavity reservoirs.(3)The developmental characteristics of fracturecavities in karst outcrops offer effective,efficient,and accurate guidance for fracture-cavity research in underground karst reservoirs.The outlined construction method of the outcrop geological knowledge base is applicable to various fracture-cavity reservoirs in different layers and regions worldwide.展开更多
Mutual effects between a gliding arc(GA)discharge at atmospheric pressure and a premixed CH_(4)/air flame were experimentally investigated.Effects of the flame on the GA were studied using simultaneous measurements of...Mutual effects between a gliding arc(GA)discharge at atmospheric pressure and a premixed CH_(4)/air flame were experimentally investigated.Effects of the flame on the GA were studied using simultaneous measurements of the current,the voltage,and the instantaneous images of the plasma columns.The GA in the flame has a thicker and more diffusive plasma column,and it is more frequently ignited at a smaller breakdown voltage than that in the air.The GA extension velocity and the gliding velocity in the flame are larger than those in the air.The electrode voltage drop of the GA discharge in the flame is about 160 V,whereas that in the air is about 220 V.Compared with the GA in the air,the different features of the GA in the flame can be explained by high-temperature,weakly ionized,and species-abundant environment that are generated by the premixed CH_(4)/air flame.Effects of the gliding arc discharge on the premixed flames were demonstrated using planar laser-induced fluorescence of hydroxyl radicals(OH)and formaldehyde(CH_(2)O).OH and CH_(2)O can be formed in the CH_(4)/air mixture in the presence of the GA due to kinetic effects,and the increase of OH and CH_(2)O shows the great potential of the GA for combustion enhancement.展开更多
Recently,there have been significant advancements in the study of semantic communication in single-modal scenarios.However,the ability to process information in multi-modal environments remains limited.Inspired by the...Recently,there have been significant advancements in the study of semantic communication in single-modal scenarios.However,the ability to process information in multi-modal environments remains limited.Inspired by the research and applications of natural language processing across different modalities,our goal is to accurately extract frame-level semantic information from videos and ultimately transmit high-quality videos.Specifically,we propose a deep learning-basedMulti-ModalMutual Enhancement Video Semantic Communication system,called M3E-VSC.Built upon a VectorQuantized Generative AdversarialNetwork(VQGAN),our systemaims to leverage mutual enhancement among different modalities by using text as the main carrier of transmission.With it,the semantic information can be extracted fromkey-frame images and audio of the video and performdifferential value to ensure that the extracted text conveys accurate semantic information with fewer bits,thus improving the capacity of the system.Furthermore,a multi-frame semantic detection module is designed to facilitate semantic transitions during video generation.Simulation results demonstrate that our proposed model maintains high robustness in complex noise environments,particularly in low signal-to-noise ratio conditions,significantly improving the accuracy and speed of semantic transmission in video communication by approximately 50 percent.展开更多
A phased array feed(PAF)is a type of receiving array that places phased array antennas on the focal plane of a radio telescope to expand its field of view and improve observation efficiency.Owing to the mutual couplin...A phased array feed(PAF)is a type of receiving array that places phased array antennas on the focal plane of a radio telescope to expand its field of view and improve observation efficiency.Owing to the mutual coupling effect between elements caused by a tightly arranged feed array,which changes the performance of a PAF,this paper presents a 7×7 rectangular feed array model for a 25 m reflector telescope.By adjusting the element spacings,the performance of a PAF with different spacings is comprehensively analyzed with respect to the mutual coupling effect via performance statistics and comparison.This research aims to provide a reference for the preliminary design of a related PAF.展开更多
This year marks the 75th anniversary of China-Russia diplomatic relations.Russian President Vladimir Putin paid a state visit to China in May.The heads of state of both China and Russia held a sincere,friendly and inf...This year marks the 75th anniversary of China-Russia diplomatic relations.Russian President Vladimir Putin paid a state visit to China in May.The heads of state of both China and Russia held a sincere,friendly and informative meeting,signed and issued a joint statement,and witnessed the signing of more than 10 important cooperation documents.These bilateral relations have shown a sound momentum of mutual benefit,in-depth coordination and long-term stability.展开更多
CPPCC member Du Zhanyuan gives an exclusive interview to China Today on how to enhance international communication and tell positive stories of Chinese modernization.AS an ancient Chinese philosopher said,“Amity betw...CPPCC member Du Zhanyuan gives an exclusive interview to China Today on how to enhance international communication and tell positive stories of Chinese modernization.AS an ancient Chinese philosopher said,“Amity between peoples holds the key to sound state-to-state relations.”This is often cited by President Xi Jinping to emphasize the importance of exchanges and mutual learning of civilizations in the development of international relations.展开更多
Exchanges and mutual learning between the Chinese and foreign civilizations are an important part of human cultural development.The Chinese civilization adopts an all-embracing,open and inclusive attitude to understan...Exchanges and mutual learning between the Chinese and foreign civilizations are an important part of human cultural development.The Chinese civilization adopts an all-embracing,open and inclusive attitude to understand the different views of different civilizations on the connotation of values.The ancient Silk Road has opened a new window of friendship between countries and written a new chapter in the development of mankind.展开更多
Friendly exchanges between China and Malaysia date back more than 2,000 years,and a profound traditional friendship has been forged between the two countries.By adhering to the principles of mutual trust,win-win coope...Friendly exchanges between China and Malaysia date back more than 2,000 years,and a profound traditional friendship has been forged between the two countries.By adhering to the principles of mutual trust,win-win cooperation,and equal assistance,China and Malaysia have become good neighbors,good friends,and good partners.In 2013,China and Malaysia established a comprehensive strategic partnership,accelerating the development of bilateral relations.展开更多
Degree of freedom(DOF)is a key indicator for spatial multiplexing layers of a wireless channel.Traditionally,the channel of a multiple-input multiple-output(MIMO)half-wavelength dipole array has a DOF that equals the ...Degree of freedom(DOF)is a key indicator for spatial multiplexing layers of a wireless channel.Traditionally,the channel of a multiple-input multiple-output(MIMO)half-wavelength dipole array has a DOF that equals the antenna number.However,recent studies suggest that the DOF could be less than the antenna number when strong mutual coupling is considered.We utilize a mutual-coupling-compliant channel model to investigate the DOF of the holographic MIMO(HMIMO)channel and give a upper bound of the DOF with strong mutual coupling.Our numerical simulations demonstrate that a dense array can support more DOF per unit aperture as compared with a half-wavelength MIMO system.展开更多
This article aims to explore the mutual benefits and potential of agricultural trade between China and Mongolia,analyzing the current situation of agricultural resources,trade history,and policy environment of the two...This article aims to explore the mutual benefits and potential of agricultural trade between China and Mongolia,analyzing the current situation of agricultural resources,trade history,and policy environment of the two countries.The study finds that China-Mongolia agricultural trade shows significant economic complementarity.Trade activities not only promote economic growth in both countries but also deepen social and cultural exchanges.However,technical standards,political risks,and logistics costs remain major challenges facing trade cooperation.By strengthening policy coordination,investing in agricultural technology and infrastructure,and expanding the variety and markets of trade,the potential for cooperation in China-Mongolia agricultural trade can be further enhanced.These measures will help improve the efficiency and benefits of bilateral trade,achieving a win-win development.展开更多
Exports of Chinese satellites,joint construction of space infrastructure,and joint research and development of satellites...The recent years have seen substantial growth in China-Africa cooperation in the space sector...Exports of Chinese satellites,joint construction of space infrastructure,and joint research and development of satellites...The recent years have seen substantial growth in China-Africa cooperation in the space sector,which is bringing tangible benefits to both sides.展开更多
Affinity propagation(AP)is a widely used exemplar-based clustering approach with superior efficiency and clustering quality.Nevertheless,a common issue with AP clustering is the presence of excessive exemplars,which l...Affinity propagation(AP)is a widely used exemplar-based clustering approach with superior efficiency and clustering quality.Nevertheless,a common issue with AP clustering is the presence of excessive exemplars,which limits its ability to perform effective aggregation.This research aims to enable AP to automatically aggregate to produce fewer and more compact clusters,without changing the similarity matrix or customizing preference parameters,as done in existing enhanced approaches.An automatic aggregation enhanced affinity propagation(AAEAP)clustering algorithm is proposed,which combines a dependable partitioning clustering approach with AP to achieve this purpose.The partitioning clustering approach generates an additional set of findings with an equivalent number of clusters whenever the clustering stabilizes and the exemplars emerge.Based on these findings,mutually exclusive exemplar detection was conducted on the current AP exemplars,and a pair of unsuitable exemplars for coexistence is recommended.The recommendation is then mapped as a novel constraint,designated mutual exclusion and aggregation.To address this limitation,a modified AP clustering model is derived and the clustering is restarted,which can result in exemplar number reduction,exemplar selection adjustment,and other data point redistribution.The clustering is ultimately completed and a smaller number of clusters are obtained by repeatedly performing automatic detection and clustering until no mutually exclusive exemplars are detected.Some standard classification data sets are adopted for experiments on AAEAP and other clustering algorithms for comparison,and many internal and external clustering evaluation indexes are used to measure the clustering performance.The findings demonstrate that the AAEAP clustering algorithm demonstrates a substantial automatic aggregation impact while maintaining good clustering quality.展开更多
A4-port multiple-input multiple-output(MIMO)antenna exhibiting lowmutual coupling andUWBperformance is developed.The octagonal-shaped four-antenna elements are connected with a 50microstrip feed line that is arranged...A4-port multiple-input multiple-output(MIMO)antenna exhibiting lowmutual coupling andUWBperformance is developed.The octagonal-shaped four-antenna elements are connected with a 50microstrip feed line that is arranged rotationally to achieve the orthogonal polarization for improving the MIMO system performance.The antenna has a wideband impedance bandwidth of 7.5GHz with S11<−10 dB from(103.44%)3.5–11GHz and inter-element isolation higher than 20 dB.Antenna validation is carried out by verifying the simulated and measured results after fabricating the antenna.The results in the form of omnidirectional radiation patterns,peak gain(≥4 dBi),and Envelope Correlation Coefficient(ECC)(≤0.01)are extracted to validate the suggested antenna performance.Aswell,time-domain analysis was investigated to demonstrate the operation of the suggested antenna in wideband applications.Finally,the simulated and experimental outcomes have almost similar tendenciesmaking the antenna suitable for its use in UWBMIMOapplications.展开更多
The low-energy mutual neutralization(MN)reactions Na^(+)+H^(-)→Na(nl)+H have been studied by employing the full quantum-mechanical molecular-orbital close-coupling(QMOCC)method over a wide energy range of 10^(-3)-10^...The low-energy mutual neutralization(MN)reactions Na^(+)+H^(-)→Na(nl)+H have been studied by employing the full quantum-mechanical molecular-orbital close-coupling(QMOCC)method over a wide energy range of 10^(-3)-10^(3) e V/u.Total and state-selective cross sections have been investigated and compared with the available theoretical and experimental data,and the state-selective rate coefficients for the temperature range of 100-10000 K have been obtained.In the present work,all the necessary highly excited states are included,and the influences of rotational couplings and 10 active electrons are considered.It is found that in the energy below 10 e V/u,the Na(4s)state is the most dominant exit state with a contribution of approximately 78%to the branch fraction,which is in best agreement with the experimental data.For energies above 10 e V/u,the MN total cross section is larger than those obtained in other theoretical calculations and shows a slow decreasing trend because the main exit states change,when the energy is above 100 e V/u,the dominant exit state becomes the Na(3p)state,while the Na(4s)state becomes the third most important exit state.The datasets presented in this paper,including the potential energy curve,the radial and rotational couplings,the total and state-selective cross sections,are openly available at https://doi.org/10.57760/sciencedb.j00113.00112.展开更多
文摘In this paper, we focus on the power allocation of Integrated Sensing and Communication(ISAC) with orthogonal frequency division multiplexing(OFDM) waveform. In order to improve the spectrum utilization efficiency in ISAC, we propose a design scheme based on spectrum sharing, that is,to maximize the mutual information(MI) of radar sensing while ensuring certain communication rate and transmission power constraints. In the proposed scheme, three cases are considered for the scattering off the target due to the communication signals,as negligible signal, beneficial signal, and interference signal to radar sensing, respectively, thus requiring three power allocation schemes. However,the corresponding power allocation schemes are nonconvex and their closed-form solutions are unavailable as a consequence. Motivated by this, alternating optimization(AO), sequence convex programming(SCP) and Lagrange multiplier are individually combined for three suboptimal solutions corresponding with three power allocation schemes. By combining the three algorithms, we transform the non-convex problem which is difficult to deal with into a convex problem which is easy to solve and obtain the suboptimal solution of the corresponding optimization problem. Numerical results show that, compared with the allocation results of the existing algorithms, the proposed joint design algorithm significantly improves the radar performance.
基金Project supported by Zhoukou Normal University,ChinaHigh Level Talents Research Start Funding Project (Grant No.ZKNUC2022010)+2 种基金Key Scientific Research Project of Henan Province (Grant No.22B110022)Key Research and Development Project of Guangdong Province (Grant No.2020B0303300001)the Guangdong Basic and Applied Basic Research Foundation (Grant No.2020B1515310016)。
文摘We study the construction of mutually unbiased bases in Hilbert space for composite dimensions d which are not prime powers.We explore the results for composite dimensions which are true for prime power dimensions.We then provide a method for selecting mutually unbiased vectors from the eigenvectors of generalized Pauli matrices to construct mutually unbiased bases.In particular,we present four mutually unbiased bases in C^(15).
基金financially supported in part by National Key R&D Program of China(No.2018YFB1801402)in part by Huawei Technologies Co.,Ltd.
文摘In this paper,we innovatively associate the mutual information with the frame error rate(FER)performance and propose novel quantized decoders for polar codes.Based on the optimal quantizer of binary-input discrete memoryless channels(BDMCs),the proposed decoders quantize the virtual subchannels of polar codes to maximize mutual information(MMI)between source bits and quantized symbols.The nested structure of polar codes ensures that the MMI quantization can be implemented stage by stage.Simulation results show that the proposed MMI decoders with 4 quantization bits outperform the existing nonuniform quantized decoders that minimize mean-squared error(MMSE)with 4 quantization bits,and yield even better performance than uniform MMI quantized decoders with 5 quantization bits.Furthermore,the proposed 5-bit quantized MMI decoders approach the floating-point decoders with negligible performance loss.
基金Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.11932008 and 12102380)the Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province of China(No.BK20180894)。
文摘This study aims to develop an analytical model based on the curve beam theory to capture the mechanical response of a multihelix cable considering the internal contact displacements.Accordingly,a double-helix cable subjected to axial tension and torsion is analyzed,and both the line and point contacts between the neighboring wires and strands are considered via an equivalent homogenized approach.Then,the proposed theoretical model is extended to a hierarchical multihelix cable with mutual contact displacements by constructing a recursive relationship between the high-and low-level multihelix structures.The global tensile stiffness and torsional stiffness of the double-helix cable are successfully evaluated.The results are validated by a finite element(FE)model,and are found to be consistent with the findings of previous studies.It is shown that the contact deformations in multihelix cables significantly affect their equivalent mechanical stiffness,and the contact displacements are remarkably enhanced as the helix angles increase.This study provides insights into the interwire/interstrand mutual contact effects on global and local responses.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant 61671219.
文摘Object detection in unmanned aerial vehicle(UAV)aerial images has become increasingly important in military and civil applications.General object detection models are not robust enough against interclass similarity and intraclass variability of small objects,and UAV-specific nuisances such as uncontrolledweather conditions.Unlike previous approaches focusing on high-level semantic information,we report the importance of underlying features to improve detection accuracy and robustness fromthe information-theoretic perspective.Specifically,we propose a robust and discriminative feature learning approach through mutual information maximization(RD-MIM),which can be integrated into numerous object detection methods for aerial images.Firstly,we present the rank sample mining method to reduce underlying feature differences between the natural image domain and the aerial image domain.Then,we design a momentum contrast learning strategy to make object features similar to the same category and dissimilar to different categories.Finally,we construct a transformer-based global attention mechanism to boost object location semantics by leveraging the high interrelation of different receptive fields.We conduct extensive experiments on the VisDrone and Unmanned Aerial Vehicle Benchmark Object Detection and Tracking(UAVDT)datasets to prove the effectiveness of the proposed method.The experimental results show that our approach brings considerable robustness gains to basic detectors and advanced detection methods,achieving relative growth rates of 51.0%and 39.4%in corruption robustness,respectively.Our code is available at https://github.com/cq100/RD-MIM(accessed on 2 August 2024).
文摘From a medical perspective,the 12 leads of the heart in an electrocardiogram(ECG)signal have functional dependencies with each other.Therefore,all these leads report different aspects of an arrhythmia.Their differences lie in the level of highlighting and displaying information about that arrhythmia.For example,although all leads show traces of atrial excitation,this function is more evident in lead II than in any other lead.In this article,a new model was proposed using ECG functional and structural dependencies between heart leads.In the prescreening stage,the ECG signals are segmented from the QRS point so that further analyzes can be performed on these segments in a more detailed manner.The mutual information indices were used to assess the relationship between leads.In order to calculate mutual information,the correlation between the 12 ECG leads has been calculated.The output of this step is a matrix containing all mutual information.Furthermore,to calculate the structural information of ECG signals,a capsule neural network was implemented to aid physicians in the automatic classification of cardiac arrhythmias.The architecture of this capsule neural network has been modified to perform the classification task.In the experimental results section,the proposed model was used to classify arrhythmias in ECG signals from the Chapman dataset.Numerical evaluations showed that this model has a precision of 97.02%,recall of 96.13%,F1-score of 96.57%and accuracy of 97.38%,indicating acceptable performance compared to other state-of-the-art methods.The proposed method shows an average accuracy of 2%superiority over similar works.
基金supported by the Major Scientific and Technological Projects of CNPC under grant ZD2019-183-006the National Science and Technology Major Project of China (2016ZX05014002-006)the National Natural Science Foundation of China (42072234,42272180)。
文摘This study endeavors to formulate a comprehensive methodology for establishing a Geological Knowledge Base(GKB)tailored to fracture-cavity reservoir outcrops within the North Tarim Basin.The acquisition of quantitative geological parameters was accomplished through diverse means such as outcrop observations,thin section studies,unmanned aerial vehicle scanning,and high-resolution cameras.Subsequently,a three-dimensional digital outcrop model was generated,and the parameters were standardized.An assessment of traditional geological knowledge was conducted to delineate the knowledge framework,content,and system of the GKB.The basic parameter knowledge was extracted using multiscale fine characterization techniques,including core statistics,field observations,and microscopic thin section analysis.Key mechanism knowledge was identified by integrating trace elements from filling,isotope geochemical tests,and water-rock simulation experiments.Significant representational knowledge was then extracted by employing various methods such as multiple linear regression,neural network technology,and discriminant classification.Subsequently,an analogy study was performed on the karst fracture-cavity system(KFCS)in both outcrop and underground reservoir settings.The results underscored several key findings:(1)Utilization of a diverse range of techniques,including outcrop observations,core statistics,unmanned aerial vehicle scanning,high-resolution cameras,thin section analysis,and electron scanning imaging,enabled the acquisition and standardization of data.This facilitated effective management and integration of geological parameter data from multiple sources and scales.(2)The GKB for fracture-cavity reservoir outcrops,encompassing basic parameter knowledge,key mechanism knowledge,and significant representational knowledge,provides robust data support and systematic geological insights for the intricate and in-depth examination of the genetic mechanisms of fracture-cavity reservoirs.(3)The developmental characteristics of fracturecavities in karst outcrops offer effective,efficient,and accurate guidance for fracture-cavity research in underground karst reservoirs.The outlined construction method of the outcrop geological knowledge base is applicable to various fracture-cavity reservoirs in different layers and regions worldwide.
基金financially supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.12172379,12322211,and 11925207)。
文摘Mutual effects between a gliding arc(GA)discharge at atmospheric pressure and a premixed CH_(4)/air flame were experimentally investigated.Effects of the flame on the GA were studied using simultaneous measurements of the current,the voltage,and the instantaneous images of the plasma columns.The GA in the flame has a thicker and more diffusive plasma column,and it is more frequently ignited at a smaller breakdown voltage than that in the air.The GA extension velocity and the gliding velocity in the flame are larger than those in the air.The electrode voltage drop of the GA discharge in the flame is about 160 V,whereas that in the air is about 220 V.Compared with the GA in the air,the different features of the GA in the flame can be explained by high-temperature,weakly ionized,and species-abundant environment that are generated by the premixed CH_(4)/air flame.Effects of the gliding arc discharge on the premixed flames were demonstrated using planar laser-induced fluorescence of hydroxyl radicals(OH)and formaldehyde(CH_(2)O).OH and CH_(2)O can be formed in the CH_(4)/air mixture in the presence of the GA due to kinetic effects,and the increase of OH and CH_(2)O shows the great potential of the GA for combustion enhancement.
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Project under Grant 2020YFB1807602Key Program of Marine Economy Development Special Foundation of Department of Natural Resources of Guangdong Province(GDNRC[2023]24)the National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant 62271267.
文摘Recently,there have been significant advancements in the study of semantic communication in single-modal scenarios.However,the ability to process information in multi-modal environments remains limited.Inspired by the research and applications of natural language processing across different modalities,our goal is to accurately extract frame-level semantic information from videos and ultimately transmit high-quality videos.Specifically,we propose a deep learning-basedMulti-ModalMutual Enhancement Video Semantic Communication system,called M3E-VSC.Built upon a VectorQuantized Generative AdversarialNetwork(VQGAN),our systemaims to leverage mutual enhancement among different modalities by using text as the main carrier of transmission.With it,the semantic information can be extracted fromkey-frame images and audio of the video and performdifferential value to ensure that the extracted text conveys accurate semantic information with fewer bits,thus improving the capacity of the system.Furthermore,a multi-frame semantic detection module is designed to facilitate semantic transitions during video generation.Simulation results demonstrate that our proposed model maintains high robustness in complex noise environments,particularly in low signal-to-noise ratio conditions,significantly improving the accuracy and speed of semantic transmission in video communication by approximately 50 percent.
基金This work was supported by the Chinese Academy of Sciences"Light of West China"Program(2020-XBQNXZ-018)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(11973078)the Natural Science Foundation of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region(2022D01A358)。
文摘A phased array feed(PAF)is a type of receiving array that places phased array antennas on the focal plane of a radio telescope to expand its field of view and improve observation efficiency.Owing to the mutual coupling effect between elements caused by a tightly arranged feed array,which changes the performance of a PAF,this paper presents a 7×7 rectangular feed array model for a 25 m reflector telescope.By adjusting the element spacings,the performance of a PAF with different spacings is comprehensively analyzed with respect to the mutual coupling effect via performance statistics and comparison.This research aims to provide a reference for the preliminary design of a related PAF.
文摘This year marks the 75th anniversary of China-Russia diplomatic relations.Russian President Vladimir Putin paid a state visit to China in May.The heads of state of both China and Russia held a sincere,friendly and informative meeting,signed and issued a joint statement,and witnessed the signing of more than 10 important cooperation documents.These bilateral relations have shown a sound momentum of mutual benefit,in-depth coordination and long-term stability.
文摘CPPCC member Du Zhanyuan gives an exclusive interview to China Today on how to enhance international communication and tell positive stories of Chinese modernization.AS an ancient Chinese philosopher said,“Amity between peoples holds the key to sound state-to-state relations.”This is often cited by President Xi Jinping to emphasize the importance of exchanges and mutual learning of civilizations in the development of international relations.
文摘Exchanges and mutual learning between the Chinese and foreign civilizations are an important part of human cultural development.The Chinese civilization adopts an all-embracing,open and inclusive attitude to understand the different views of different civilizations on the connotation of values.The ancient Silk Road has opened a new window of friendship between countries and written a new chapter in the development of mankind.
文摘Friendly exchanges between China and Malaysia date back more than 2,000 years,and a profound traditional friendship has been forged between the two countries.By adhering to the principles of mutual trust,win-win cooperation,and equal assistance,China and Malaysia have become good neighbors,good friends,and good partners.In 2013,China and Malaysia established a comprehensive strategic partnership,accelerating the development of bilateral relations.
基金supported in part by National Key Research and Develop⁃ment Program of China under Grant No.2020YFB1807600.
文摘Degree of freedom(DOF)is a key indicator for spatial multiplexing layers of a wireless channel.Traditionally,the channel of a multiple-input multiple-output(MIMO)half-wavelength dipole array has a DOF that equals the antenna number.However,recent studies suggest that the DOF could be less than the antenna number when strong mutual coupling is considered.We utilize a mutual-coupling-compliant channel model to investigate the DOF of the holographic MIMO(HMIMO)channel and give a upper bound of the DOF with strong mutual coupling.Our numerical simulations demonstrate that a dense array can support more DOF per unit aperture as compared with a half-wavelength MIMO system.
文摘This article aims to explore the mutual benefits and potential of agricultural trade between China and Mongolia,analyzing the current situation of agricultural resources,trade history,and policy environment of the two countries.The study finds that China-Mongolia agricultural trade shows significant economic complementarity.Trade activities not only promote economic growth in both countries but also deepen social and cultural exchanges.However,technical standards,political risks,and logistics costs remain major challenges facing trade cooperation.By strengthening policy coordination,investing in agricultural technology and infrastructure,and expanding the variety and markets of trade,the potential for cooperation in China-Mongolia agricultural trade can be further enhanced.These measures will help improve the efficiency and benefits of bilateral trade,achieving a win-win development.
文摘Exports of Chinese satellites,joint construction of space infrastructure,and joint research and development of satellites...The recent years have seen substantial growth in China-Africa cooperation in the space sector,which is bringing tangible benefits to both sides.
基金supported by Research Team Development Funds of L.Xue and Z.H.Ouyang,Electronic Countermeasure Institute,National University of Defense Technology。
文摘Affinity propagation(AP)is a widely used exemplar-based clustering approach with superior efficiency and clustering quality.Nevertheless,a common issue with AP clustering is the presence of excessive exemplars,which limits its ability to perform effective aggregation.This research aims to enable AP to automatically aggregate to produce fewer and more compact clusters,without changing the similarity matrix or customizing preference parameters,as done in existing enhanced approaches.An automatic aggregation enhanced affinity propagation(AAEAP)clustering algorithm is proposed,which combines a dependable partitioning clustering approach with AP to achieve this purpose.The partitioning clustering approach generates an additional set of findings with an equivalent number of clusters whenever the clustering stabilizes and the exemplars emerge.Based on these findings,mutually exclusive exemplar detection was conducted on the current AP exemplars,and a pair of unsuitable exemplars for coexistence is recommended.The recommendation is then mapped as a novel constraint,designated mutual exclusion and aggregation.To address this limitation,a modified AP clustering model is derived and the clustering is restarted,which can result in exemplar number reduction,exemplar selection adjustment,and other data point redistribution.The clustering is ultimately completed and a smaller number of clusters are obtained by repeatedly performing automatic detection and clustering until no mutually exclusive exemplars are detected.Some standard classification data sets are adopted for experiments on AAEAP and other clustering algorithms for comparison,and many internal and external clustering evaluation indexes are used to measure the clustering performance.The findings demonstrate that the AAEAP clustering algorithm demonstrates a substantial automatic aggregation impact while maintaining good clustering quality.
文摘A4-port multiple-input multiple-output(MIMO)antenna exhibiting lowmutual coupling andUWBperformance is developed.The octagonal-shaped four-antenna elements are connected with a 50microstrip feed line that is arranged rotationally to achieve the orthogonal polarization for improving the MIMO system performance.The antenna has a wideband impedance bandwidth of 7.5GHz with S11<−10 dB from(103.44%)3.5–11GHz and inter-element isolation higher than 20 dB.Antenna validation is carried out by verifying the simulated and measured results after fabricating the antenna.The results in the form of omnidirectional radiation patterns,peak gain(≥4 dBi),and Envelope Correlation Coefficient(ECC)(≤0.01)are extracted to validate the suggested antenna performance.Aswell,time-domain analysis was investigated to demonstrate the operation of the suggested antenna in wideband applications.Finally,the simulated and experimental outcomes have almost similar tendenciesmaking the antenna suitable for its use in UWBMIMOapplications.
基金Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.12204288,11934004,and 12203106)。
文摘The low-energy mutual neutralization(MN)reactions Na^(+)+H^(-)→Na(nl)+H have been studied by employing the full quantum-mechanical molecular-orbital close-coupling(QMOCC)method over a wide energy range of 10^(-3)-10^(3) e V/u.Total and state-selective cross sections have been investigated and compared with the available theoretical and experimental data,and the state-selective rate coefficients for the temperature range of 100-10000 K have been obtained.In the present work,all the necessary highly excited states are included,and the influences of rotational couplings and 10 active electrons are considered.It is found that in the energy below 10 e V/u,the Na(4s)state is the most dominant exit state with a contribution of approximately 78%to the branch fraction,which is in best agreement with the experimental data.For energies above 10 e V/u,the MN total cross section is larger than those obtained in other theoretical calculations and shows a slow decreasing trend because the main exit states change,when the energy is above 100 e V/u,the dominant exit state becomes the Na(3p)state,while the Na(4s)state becomes the third most important exit state.The datasets presented in this paper,including the potential energy curve,the radial and rotational couplings,the total and state-selective cross sections,are openly available at https://doi.org/10.57760/sciencedb.j00113.00112.
