The effects of semiochemicals extracted from 63 species of plants, on peach aphid (Myzus persicae) and mustard aphid (Lipaphis erysimi), were studied in laboratory. The deterrent rate, reproduction deterrent index and...The effects of semiochemicals extracted from 63 species of plants, on peach aphid (Myzus persicae) and mustard aphid (Lipaphis erysimi), were studied in laboratory. The deterrent rate, reproduction deterrent index and the interferential index of population control (ⅡPC) was used to evaluate the efficiency of semiochemicals on population control of the two target aphids. The results showed that the extracts of 34 species of common plants have noticeable effect on both aphid populations, especially, Xanthium sibiricum Petr.Et Widd. and Syngonium podophyllum Schott. These plant extracts could be used to construct the plant protectant to protect crops.展开更多
For long-term prediction of occurrence degree of tobacco aphid Myzus persicae (Sulzer), Markov chain method was used to establish prediction model for occurrence degree of tobacco aphid. With 4 levels of occurrence de...For long-term prediction of occurrence degree of tobacco aphid Myzus persicae (Sulzer), Markov chain method was used to establish prediction model for occurrence degree of tobacco aphid. With 4 levels of occurrence degree, Markov chain model was established based on the data in 1987-2004. The results indicated that the accuracy for total prediction in 2005-2007 and the back prediction in 1987-2004 reached 88.89% and 85.12%, respectively. The method is simple and feasible for long-term prediction of occurrence degree of tobacco aphid.展开更多
The green peach aphid, Myzuspersicae (Sulzer), is a major insect pest of many agronomic and horticultural crops and is distributed worldwide. Aphid management is often based on application of insecticides. However, th...The green peach aphid, Myzuspersicae (Sulzer), is a major insect pest of many agronomic and horticultural crops and is distributed worldwide. Aphid management is often based on application of insecticides. However, the aphid is now resistant to many of these and much interest has recently developed in identification of novel alternative insecticides. Venom isolated from the red imported fire ant, Solenopsisinvicta Buren, is composed of two groups of alkaloids, piperidines and piperideines, and has shown activity against many organisms including fungi, bacteria, mites and several insects. Prior to the study reported herein, no information on the venom’s activity to Myzuspersicae has been reported. Both of the alkaloids were active against M.persicae. The 24 h LC50 values were116.6 and 91.5 ppm for the piperideine and piperidine extracts, respectively. Based on overlap of the 95% fiducial limits the LC50 values for the two alkaloids did not significantly differ. At the high dosages, mortality occurred in as few as four hours and all treated aphids were dead by six hours. Little additional mortality was detected in the 48-hobservation. Both piperideine and piperidine extracts isolated from red imported fire ant venom possess sufficient activity to cause death of green peach aphids and at high dosages, death occurs rapidly. In the search for new replacements to synthetic insecticides, these extracts may offer a novel but potentially successful alternative.展开更多
In order to effectively predict occurrence quantity of Myzus persicae,BP neural network theory and method was used to establish prediction model for occurrence quantity of M. persicae. Meanwhile,QPSO algorithm was use...In order to effectively predict occurrence quantity of Myzus persicae,BP neural network theory and method was used to establish prediction model for occurrence quantity of M. persicae. Meanwhile,QPSO algorithm was used to optimize connection weight and threshold value of BP neural network,so as to determine the optimal connection weight and threshold value. The historical data of M. persica quantity in Hongta County,Yuxi City of Yunnan Province from 2003 to 2006 was adopted as training samples,and the occurrence quantities of M. persicae from 2007 to 2009 were predicted. The prediction accuracy was 99. 35%,the minimum completion time was 30 s,the average completion time was 34. 5 s,and the running times were 19. The prediction effect of the model was obviously superior to other prediction models. The experiment showed that this model was more effective and feasible,with faster convergence rate and stronger stability,and could solve the similar problems in prediction and clustering. The study provides a theoretical basis for comprehensive prevention and control against M. persicae.展开更多
[Objective]The paper provided a reference for establishment of effective prevention mechanism against aphids in Zhenyuan tobacco area. [Method]The initial population quantity of aphids in early spring,migration of win...[Objective]The paper provided a reference for establishment of effective prevention mechanism against aphids in Zhenyuan tobacco area. [Method]The initial population quantity of aphids in early spring,migration of winged aphids,occurrence regularity and damage status of Myzus persicae and aphid-transmitted virus( PVY + CMV) were investigated in Zhenyuan County from 2014 to 2015 using 10-point checkerboard sampling method,yellow dish trapping method and 5-point sampling method. [Result] The total amount of aphids in Brassica campestris was the largest among overwintering hosts,with an average of 18. 44 specimen / plant. The migration of winged aphids presented bimodal pattern; the population dynamics of wingless aphids presented unimodal pattern,and the occurrence peak was from May to June.[Conclusion]Field control against M. persicae in tobacco fields should be conducted from mid May to early June.展开更多
The prevention and control effects of Aphidius gifuensis against Myzus persicae in four major tobacco planting villages and towns in Shuicheng County were investigated from 2015 to 2016. The results showed that the pa...The prevention and control effects of Aphidius gifuensis against Myzus persicae in four major tobacco planting villages and towns in Shuicheng County were investigated from 2015 to 2016. The results showed that the parasitic rate of M. persicae before A. gifuensis release was 0. 85% in field,and that at 20 d after A. gifuensis release was 59. 49%. The incidence rate of aphid-transmitted virus disease was controlled at 0. 62%. The release of A. gifuensis increased its natural population quantity in field,and had obvious direct control effects against M. persicae. Meantime,it indirectly controlled the occurrence of aphid-transmitted virus disease to some extent.展开更多
文摘The effects of semiochemicals extracted from 63 species of plants, on peach aphid (Myzus persicae) and mustard aphid (Lipaphis erysimi), were studied in laboratory. The deterrent rate, reproduction deterrent index and the interferential index of population control (ⅡPC) was used to evaluate the efficiency of semiochemicals on population control of the two target aphids. The results showed that the extracts of 34 species of common plants have noticeable effect on both aphid populations, especially, Xanthium sibiricum Petr.Et Widd. and Syngonium podophyllum Schott. These plant extracts could be used to construct the plant protectant to protect crops.
基金Supported by Tobacco Monopoly Bureau of Shandong Province (KN90)
文摘For long-term prediction of occurrence degree of tobacco aphid Myzus persicae (Sulzer), Markov chain method was used to establish prediction model for occurrence degree of tobacco aphid. With 4 levels of occurrence degree, Markov chain model was established based on the data in 1987-2004. The results indicated that the accuracy for total prediction in 2005-2007 and the back prediction in 1987-2004 reached 88.89% and 85.12%, respectively. The method is simple and feasible for long-term prediction of occurrence degree of tobacco aphid.
文摘The green peach aphid, Myzuspersicae (Sulzer), is a major insect pest of many agronomic and horticultural crops and is distributed worldwide. Aphid management is often based on application of insecticides. However, the aphid is now resistant to many of these and much interest has recently developed in identification of novel alternative insecticides. Venom isolated from the red imported fire ant, Solenopsisinvicta Buren, is composed of two groups of alkaloids, piperidines and piperideines, and has shown activity against many organisms including fungi, bacteria, mites and several insects. Prior to the study reported herein, no information on the venom’s activity to Myzuspersicae has been reported. Both of the alkaloids were active against M.persicae. The 24 h LC50 values were116.6 and 91.5 ppm for the piperideine and piperidine extracts, respectively. Based on overlap of the 95% fiducial limits the LC50 values for the two alkaloids did not significantly differ. At the high dosages, mortality occurred in as few as four hours and all treated aphids were dead by six hours. Little additional mortality was detected in the 48-hobservation. Both piperideine and piperidine extracts isolated from red imported fire ant venom possess sufficient activity to cause death of green peach aphids and at high dosages, death occurs rapidly. In the search for new replacements to synthetic insecticides, these extracts may offer a novel but potentially successful alternative.
基金Supported by Science and Technology Project of China National Tobacco Corporation(2009YN005&2010YN18&2010YN19)
文摘In order to effectively predict occurrence quantity of Myzus persicae,BP neural network theory and method was used to establish prediction model for occurrence quantity of M. persicae. Meanwhile,QPSO algorithm was used to optimize connection weight and threshold value of BP neural network,so as to determine the optimal connection weight and threshold value. The historical data of M. persica quantity in Hongta County,Yuxi City of Yunnan Province from 2003 to 2006 was adopted as training samples,and the occurrence quantities of M. persicae from 2007 to 2009 were predicted. The prediction accuracy was 99. 35%,the minimum completion time was 30 s,the average completion time was 34. 5 s,and the running times were 19. The prediction effect of the model was obviously superior to other prediction models. The experiment showed that this model was more effective and feasible,with faster convergence rate and stronger stability,and could solve the similar problems in prediction and clustering. The study provides a theoretical basis for comprehensive prevention and control against M. persicae.
基金Supported by Science and Technology Project of Southeast Guizhou in 2013 "Research and Application of Prevention and Control Technology against Myzus persicae with Aphidius gifuensis" (2013)
文摘[Objective]The paper provided a reference for establishment of effective prevention mechanism against aphids in Zhenyuan tobacco area. [Method]The initial population quantity of aphids in early spring,migration of winged aphids,occurrence regularity and damage status of Myzus persicae and aphid-transmitted virus( PVY + CMV) were investigated in Zhenyuan County from 2014 to 2015 using 10-point checkerboard sampling method,yellow dish trapping method and 5-point sampling method. [Result] The total amount of aphids in Brassica campestris was the largest among overwintering hosts,with an average of 18. 44 specimen / plant. The migration of winged aphids presented bimodal pattern; the population dynamics of wingless aphids presented unimodal pattern,and the occurrence peak was from May to June.[Conclusion]Field control against M. persicae in tobacco fields should be conducted from mid May to early June.
文摘The prevention and control effects of Aphidius gifuensis against Myzus persicae in four major tobacco planting villages and towns in Shuicheng County were investigated from 2015 to 2016. The results showed that the parasitic rate of M. persicae before A. gifuensis release was 0. 85% in field,and that at 20 d after A. gifuensis release was 59. 49%. The incidence rate of aphid-transmitted virus disease was controlled at 0. 62%. The release of A. gifuensis increased its natural population quantity in field,and had obvious direct control effects against M. persicae. Meantime,it indirectly controlled the occurrence of aphid-transmitted virus disease to some extent.
